CN116995700A - Hierarchical source load matching method based on fast Fourier transform - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/30—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using dynamo-electric machines coupled to flywheels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
- H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
- H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
- H02J2310/60—Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of power grid peak shaving, and particularly relates to a hierarchical source load matching method based on fast Fourier transform. The net load curve containing the output of the distributed new energy is subjected to time-frequency conversion and filtered on different frequency bands, so that the aim of peak clipping and valley filling is fulfilled, meanwhile, the improvement of the traditional Fourier transform method is improved, the process of transformation-filtering-inverse transformation is performed on different time scales, and the grading of source-load matching is realized. In the physical level, the middle-low frequency filtering can be realized mainly by the traditional energy power generation peak regulation, demand side response and other negative control means; the medium-high frequency band is realized by carrying out matched charge and discharge through energy storage facilities of different types. The characteristics of peak regulation, load control and different types of energy storage equipment in response period, response depth and the like of the traditional power generation means are fully utilized, peak-valley fluctuation is reduced to the maximum extent through reasonable matching, and quality improvement and synergy are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power grid peak shaving, and particularly relates to a hierarchical source load matching method based on fast Fourier transform.
Background
The new energy source represented by wind power and photovoltaic power generation has the problems of large fluctuation, strong intermittence, mismatch between the power generation output and the user load time and the like. The above problems present challenges to grid operation and planning. The existing method firstly increases capacity of the power grid, but due to fluctuation characteristics of power generation and power utilization, the effective utilization rate of the infrastructure increment is low, and the investment efficiency is poor; secondly, users are guided to use electricity to cut peaks and fill valleys through means such as time-of-use electricity price, but the application scenes and the adjustment capability are very limited.
The traditional Fourier transform method is difficult to find peak-to-valley period characteristics of different loads and new energy output under different frequency bands, and meanwhile, the peak regulation efficiency is low, so that the problems of high fluctuation and high intermittence of new energy power generation can not be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hierarchical source load matching method based on fast Fourier transform, which aims to solve the problems that the peak-to-valley period characteristics of different loads and new energy output under different frequency bands and the peak-to-valley efficiency are low in the conventional Fourier transform method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention proposes the following technical scheme:
a hierarchical source load matching method based on fast Fourier transform comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting load time series data of energy storage equipment, and superposing the load time series data to obtain a total load curve;
step 2, performing fast Fourier transform on the total load curve to obtain frequency spectrum information of a load time sequence; according to the frequency of the periodic and spectral line amplitude peak values in different periodic sections, dividing the full period of the spectrum information into four periodic sections in the year, month and day in time;
step 3, setting an energy lower limit of spectrum information filtering, and reserving frequency domain components, of which the spectrum information is higher than the energy lower limit, obtained in the step 2 to obtain adjusted spectrum information, wherein the adjusted spectrum information comprises an original load curve;
step 4, carrying out hierarchical filtering on the original load curve obtained in the step 3 according to the sequence of year-month-day-hour to obtain a hierarchical filtering result;
and 5, reconstructing load curves in the year, month and day according to the grading filtering result obtained in the step 4, obtaining a due output curve after load matching, and regulating and controlling the energy storage equipment according to the due output curve after load matching.
Further, in the step 1, the load time series data is:
{q i } j
i=1,2,…,I；j=1,2,…,J；
wherein the method comprises the steps ofiThe time points are indicated to be in each case,Ithe total number of time points is indicated,jrepresenting the different load types to be used,Jrepresenting the total number of load types;
the total load curve is:
。
further, the time granularity of the load time series data is 15 minutes, and the time span is at least 1 year.
Further, in the step 2, the value range of the annual period interval is 30-365 x 24h; the value range of the period interval in the month is 24-30 x 24h; the value range of the daily cycle interval is 1-24 hours; the value range of the time period interval is less than 1h.
In step 3, the energy lower limit of the spectral information filtering is 0, wherein the energy lower limit is greater than or equal to 24 hours; the lower energy limit of the spectral information filtering less than 24h is-4.
Further, in step 4, the hierarchical filtering includes four stages, which specifically includes:
is provided withFor the original load curve, +.>An original reconstruction curve after the original load curve is subjected to frequency domain filtering, < > is formed>The obtaining method comprises the following steps:
，/>；
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->Frequency spectrum after fast fourier transformation, +.>For->A filtered spectrum;
the second stage filtering object load curve is:
；
second-stage reconstruction curveThe method comprises the following steps:
，/>；
in the method, in the process of the invention,x mouth is thaty mouth The spectrum after the fast fourier transform is performed,for->A filtered spectrum;
the third-stage original curve is:
；
the third-stage reconstruction curve is:
；/>
in the method, in the process of the invention,x day is thaty day The spectrum after the fast fourier transform is performed,to pair(s)x day A filtered spectrum;
the fourth original curve is:
the fourth order reconstruction curve is:
，/>
in the method, in the process of the invention,x hour is thaty hour The spectrum after the fast fourier transform is performed,to pair(s)x hour The filtered spectrum.
Furthermore, the original reconstruction curve and the second-stage reconstruction curve are realized through peak regulation or negative control means of the power plant.
Furthermore, the third-stage reconstruction curve is realized by a pumping and accumulating means.
Furthermore, the fourth-stage reconstruction curve is realized by flywheel energy storage or lithium battery energy storage means.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
converting the time domain data into a frequency domain for analysis, and exploring peak-to-valley period characteristics of different loads and new energy output forces which are difficult to find in the time domain under different frequency bands;
the traditional Fourier transform method is improved, the process of transformation-filtering-inverse transformation is carried out on different time scales, and the hierarchical source-load matching is realized;
by utilizing the characteristics of peak regulation, load control and different types of energy storage equipment of the power plant in terms of response period, response depth and the like, reasonable matching is carried out, peak-valley fluctuation is reduced to the maximum extent, load balance is realized, stock assets are effectively utilized, and quality and efficiency are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a hierarchical source-to-charge matching method based on the fast Fourier transform;
FIG. 2 is an example annual payload curve for an example region;
FIG. 3 is a plot of spectral amplitude frequency on one side of an embodiment zone payload curve;
FIG. 4 is a plot of example area payload curves for a single-sided spectrum amplitude period;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the annual period post-stage filtering;
FIG. 6 is a graph after periodic graded filtering during a month;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the daily period after hierarchical filtering;
FIG. 8 is a hierarchical filtering output result;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a reconstruction of a daily cycle curve.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further details of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a hierarchical source load matching method based on fast fourier transform, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing load data and distributed wind-driven photovoltaic output data, wherein the output data is used as negative load. Load time series data {q i } j (i=1,2,…,I；j=1,2,…,J). Wherein the method comprises the steps ofiThe time points are indicated to be in each case,jrepresenting different load types. The time granularity of the data is generally 15 minutes, and the time span is at least 1 year;
step 2, obtaining a total load curve of the platform area according to the load time sequence data in the step 1,as shown in fig. 2;
step 3, { pair }Q i Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), processing the results to obtain time-series spectral information (period-amplitude spectrum).
As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the spectral analysis result of the above-mentioned area payload curve is as follows, the period is 1h, and the period is 15min:
the physics of fig. 3 and 4 are essentially the same, and only the abscissa period and frequency are reciprocal, the frequency domain features of the data can be analyzed from the period and frequency perspectives, respectively.
According to the frequency of the peak value of spectral line amplitude in different period sections, the whole period is divided into a plurality of period sections such as annual (30-24 h-365-24 h), monthly (24-30-24 h), daily (1-24 h) and timely (< 1 h).
Step 4: setting the lower energy limit of the filtering of the obtained frequency spectrum information in the step 3, ignoring frequency domain components lower than the lower limit, and reserving frequency domain components higher than the lower limit.
After the lower limit is generally subjected to inverse fourier transform, the matching effect of the new curve and the original curve is combined with empirical adjustment, so that the lower limit is not suitable for being excessively large or excessively small, the deviation from the original curve is caused by excessively large value, and the operability is greatly reduced by excessively small value.
General day period and above (> 24 h) can be taken as 0 and within day period (< 24 h) can be taken as-4.
And 5, carrying out hierarchical filtering on the frequency spectrum information adjusted in the step 4 according to the sequence of intra-year-intra-month-intra-day-time.
Starting from the second stage, the filtering object is the residual of the original curve and the reconstructed curve of the previous stage.
Is provided withFor the original load curve, +.>For the curve reconstructed after the frequency domain filtering, +.>The obtaining method comprises the following steps:
，/>，/>。
i.e.Is->Frequency spectrum after fast fourier transformation, +.>For rule pair +.>Filtered spectrum, p->And performing inverse fast Fourier transform on the time domain curve, namely a first-stage reconstruction curve.
Reference to a first order reconstruction curveAnd performing first-stage source load matching.
The curve changes most gently in the time domain, but has the largest amplitude, so the curve can be realized by the modes of traditional power plant output peak regulation and the like.
And->Residual +.>I.e. the next level of filtering object->。
Similarly, a second-stage reconstruction curve can be obtainedThe second-stage source load matching can be realized by the conventional peak shaving or load control means of the power plant.
，/>，/>，
Reconstructing a curve from the third stageThe third-stage source-charge matching can be realized by energy storage means with larger capacity and relatively slower response speed, such as pumping and storage.
，/>，/>，
If necessary, the curve can be reconstructed from the fourth stageThe fourth-stage source load matching is carried out, and at the moment, the curve oscillation frequency is very high, but the amplitude is smaller, so that energy storage means with relatively smaller capacity and higher response speed, such as lithium batteries, flywheel energy storage means and the like, can be adopted.
，/>，/>
The cases were subjected to hierarchical filtering, and the results are shown in fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8 (where the blue curve is the object curve of each stage and the yellow curve is the reconstruction curve). In this case, no time period is performed, i.e. a good matching effect is obtained.
Step 6: and (5) reconstructing curves at all levels according to the result of the hierarchical filtering in the step (5), namely, the corresponding output curve after load matching.
Wherein the output of the month period and the year period can be realized by the peak regulation and the negative control means of the traditional power plant; the output of the cycle in the day can be obtained through energy storage devices in different forms.
As shown in fig. 9, the daily cycle curve is reconstructed and unfolded, and is actually a combination of a few trigonometric function waves, so that the energy storage equipment with different response speeds and response depth characteristics is put into use, and certain operability is achieved.
The invention provides a grading source load matching method based on fast Fourier transformation, which is used for carrying out time-frequency conversion on a net load curve containing the output of a distributed new energy source and filtering on different frequency bands so as to realize the purpose of peak clipping and valley filling. In the physical level, the middle-low frequency filtering can be realized mainly by the traditional energy power generation peak regulation, demand side response and other negative control means; the medium-high frequency band is realized by carrying out matched charge and discharge through energy storage facilities of different types.
The invention has the advantages that:
and converting the time domain data into a frequency domain for analysis, and exploring peak-to-valley period characteristics of different loads and new energy output under different frequency bands which are difficult to find under the time domain.
The method realizes improvement of the traditional Fourier transform method, performs a transform-filter-inverse transform process on different time scales, and realizes grading source-load matching. The characteristics of peak regulation, load control and different types of energy storage equipment in response period, response depth and the like of the traditional power generation means are fully utilized, peak-valley fluctuation is reduced to the maximum extent through reasonable matching, load balance is realized, stock assets are effectively utilized, and quality and efficiency are improved.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be carried out in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Accordingly, the above disclosed embodiments are illustrative in all respects, and not exclusive. All changes that come within the scope of the invention or equivalents thereto are intended to be embraced therein.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The hierarchical source load matching method based on the fast Fourier transform is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, collecting load time series data of energy storage equipment, and superposing the load time series data to obtain a total load curve;
step 2, performing fast Fourier transform on the total load curve to obtain frequency spectrum information of a load time sequence; according to the frequency of the periodic and spectral line amplitude peak values in different periodic sections, dividing the full period of the spectrum information into four periodic sections in the year, month and day in time;
step 3, setting an energy lower limit of spectrum information filtering, and reserving frequency domain components, of which the spectrum information is higher than the energy lower limit, obtained in the step 2 to obtain adjusted spectrum information, wherein the adjusted spectrum information comprises an original load curve;
step 4, carrying out hierarchical filtering on the original load curve obtained in the step 3 according to the sequence of year-month-day-hour to obtain a hierarchical filtering result;
and 5, reconstructing load curves in the year, month and day according to the grading filtering result obtained in the step 4, obtaining a due output curve after load matching, and regulating and controlling the energy storage equipment according to the due output curve after load matching.
2. The method for matching hierarchical source load based on fast fourier transform as recited in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the load time series data is:
{q i } j
i=1,2,…,I；j=1,2,…,J；
wherein the method comprises the steps ofiThe time points are indicated to be in each case,Ithe total number of time points is indicated,jrepresenting the different load types to be used,Jrepresenting the total number of load types;
the total load curve is:
。
3. a hierarchical source load matching method based on fast fourier transform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time granularity of the load time series data is 15 minutes and the time span is at least 1 year.
4. The method for matching hierarchical source charges based on fast Fourier transform as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the value range of the annual period interval is 30 x 24h to 365 x 24h; the value range of the period interval in the month is 24-30 x 24h; the value range of the daily cycle interval is 1-24 hours; the value range of the time period interval is less than 1h.
5. The hierarchical source load matching method based on fast fourier transform as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, a lower energy limit of filtering of spectrum information greater than or equal to 24h is 0; the lower energy limit of the spectral information filtering less than 24h is-4.
6. The method for matching hierarchical source load based on fast fourier transform as recited in claim 1, wherein in step 4, the hierarchical filtering includes four stages, and the specific process is:
is provided withFor the original load curve, +.>An original reconstruction curve of the original load curve after frequency domain filtering,the obtaining method comprises the following steps:
，/>；
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->Frequency spectrum after fast fourier transformation, +.>For->A filtered spectrum;
the second stage filtering object load curve is:
；
second-stage reconstruction curveThe method comprises the following steps:
，/>；
in the method, in the process of the invention,x mouth is thaty mouth The spectrum after the fast fourier transform is performed,for->A filtered spectrum;
the third-stage original curve is:
；
the third-stage reconstruction curve is:
；/>
in the method, in the process of the invention,x day is thaty day The spectrum after the fast fourier transform is performed,to pair(s)x day A filtered spectrum;
the fourth original curve is:
the fourth order reconstruction curve is:
， />
in the method, in the process of the invention,x hour is thaty hour The spectrum after the fast fourier transform is performed,to pair(s)x hour The filtered spectrum.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the original reconstruction curve and the second reconstruction curve are realized by peak shaving or load control of the power plant.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the third-stage reconstruction curve is implemented by means of extraction and accumulation.
9. The method for matching hierarchical source load based on fast Fourier transform as set forth in claim 6, wherein the fourth-stage reconstruction curve is realized by means of flywheel energy storage or lithium battery energy storage.
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