CN116995520A - Adjustable soliton double-optical-frequency comb based on quartz microcavity Brillouin scattering laser - Google Patents
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011797 cavity material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 244000126211 Hericium coralloides Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001241 arc-discharge method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08086—Multiple-wavelength emission
- H01S3/0809—Two-wavelenghth emission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/30—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical frequency combs, and particularly relates to an adjustable soliton double optical frequency comb based on quartz microcavity Brillouin scattering laser. According to the invention, pump light is coupled to the silica microsphere in the form of evanescent wave through the tapered optical fiber, so that Brillouin laser with opposite propagation direction and higher frequency to the pump light is generated; the newly generated Brillouin laser is used as new pumping light, so that the Brillouin laser with higher order can be excited; and then the frequency of the pump light is regulated, so that the pump light and the Brillouin laser generated by the pump light enter a soliton capturing interval of a pair of modes at the same time, the output of a soliton double optical frequency comb is realized, and the repetition frequency difference of the double optical frequency comb is adjustable. The invention has low cost, wide spectrum range, narrow optical frequency comb output comb line width, high signal-to-noise ratio, low common mode noise, and adjustable double frequency comb repetition frequency difference of 7 to 200MHz, and can be based on an all-optical system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical frequency combs, and particularly relates to an adjustable soliton double optical frequency comb based on quartz microcavity Brillouin scattering laser.
Background
Optical Frequency Combs (OFCs) are a special light source that is represented in the frequency domain as a series of equally spaced coherent lines. The optical frequency comb is different according to the production mode and can be mainly divided into a mode-locked laser, a microcavity Kerr optical frequency comb and an electro-optical frequency comb. Since the 2005 optical frequency comb obtained the nobel physics prize, it has been widely used in optical communication, frequency measurement, atomic clock, ranging, spectroscopy, arbitrary waveform generation, and so on.
Stimulated brillouin scattering (stimulated Brillouin scattering) is a nonlinear effect produced by the interaction of light with matter. Specifically, interactions between the laser electric field and the acoustic wave field in the molecule or solid, i.e., interactions between photons and phonons, are also known as phonon scattering. When the intensity of the incident laser reaches a threshold value, stimulated Brillouin scattering laser is formed, and the stimulated Brillouin scattering laser has the characteristics of small divergence angle, narrow line width and the like.
Currently, the most mature optical frequency comb is a femtosecond laser frequency comb based on a mode-locked laser, but its larger space occupation and its lower output repetition frequency (< 1 GHz) limit further applications. The Kerr optical frequency comb based on the microcavity perfectly solves the problem. Microcavity kerr optical frequency combs are a new type of optical frequency comb that was created in the 21 st century based on the four-wave mixing effect in high quality factor optical microcavities. Due to the highly compact geometry, the comb tooth spacing can be between tens of GHz and too Hz, further expanding the application range of the traditional mode-locked laser frequency comb. In 2014, the discovery of time-dissipated kerr solitons in nonlinear optical micro-resonant cavities provides a new approach for solving the problem of lack of high coherence in Modulation Instability (MI) states. After that, the development of microcavity optical frequency combs has entered a prosperous period, derived the development direction of multi-function, and realized more and more applications in the field of information science.
Dual optical frequency combs are typically obtained by two independent optical frequency combs that differ slightly in repetition frequency. Compared with a single optical frequency comb, the advantages of the double optical frequency comb are mainly reflected in the measurement field, the double optical frequency comb can greatly reduce the equipment bandwidth and the response speed required by signal detection, so that the large-bandwidth, high-resolution and rapid optical domain precise measurement can be realized by utilizing a relatively simple signal acquisition and processing system, and the application range of the optical frequency comb is greatly expanded. The double optical frequency comb has been widely used in the fields of precision measurement such as spectroscopy measurement, absolute frequency measurement, ranging and the like.
The most common double optical frequency comb is a double optical frequency comb system formed by two mode-locked lasers with different repetition frequencies, and the problem of the scheme is that two independent optical frequency comb generating devices are needed, so that the overall cost of the system is greatly increased. Optical frequency combs based on mode-locked lasers can realize single-cavity double-optical frequency comb output through multiplexing of frequency-space-time-polarization and other dimensions, but the performance of a single frequency comb is sacrificed, and the problems of large space occupation and low output repetition frequency of the traditional optical frequency comb are also solved. In addition, once determined, conventional dual optical frequency comb generating devices typically have a fixed repetition frequency difference or can be tuned only in a small range, which limits the range of applications for dual optical frequency combs. Therefore, how to realize the double optical frequency comb, especially the double soliton optical frequency comb, in a single microcavity and realize the regulation and control of the repetition frequency difference has important scientific significance and great application value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems or the defects, the invention provides an adjustable soliton double-optical-frequency comb based on quartz microcavity Brillouin scattering laser, which aims at solving the problems of huge volume, complex structure, high price, low repetition frequency and difficulty in realizing the adjustment of the repetition frequency difference of the existing double-optical-frequency comb generating device; the soliton double optical frequency comb has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, low cost, high repetition frequency and adjustable repetition frequency difference, and replaces the existing double optical frequency comb device.
An adjustable soliton double optical frequency comb based on quartz microcavity brillouin scattering laser, comprising: the device comprises a whispering gallery mode silica microsphere, a conical optical fiber, a pumping light source, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an optical fiber polarization controller, an optical fiber circulator and a temperature control module.
The output end of the pumping light source is connected with the input of the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, the output of the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is connected with one end of the optical fiber polarization controller, the other end of the optical fiber polarization controller is connected with the first port of the optical fiber circulator, the second port of the optical fiber circulator is connected with one end of the conical optical fiber, and the other end of the conical optical fiber serves as a signal output port 1.
The output signal of the conical optical fiber is a transmission frequency comb (pumping frequency comb) of the silica microsphere, wherein the transmission frequency comb has a small amount of stimulated Brillouin scattering laser, the signal is divided into two paths through an optical coupler, one path is directly connected to a spectrometer, and the other path is connected to the spectrometer through a photoelectric detector.
The third port of the circulator is used as a signal output port 2, the output signal is a reflection frequency comb signal (Brillouin frequency comb) of the silica microsphere, the reflection frequency comb signal has fewer pumping light components, the signal is also divided into two paths by an optical coupler, one path of the signal is directly connected to a spectrometer, and the other path of the signal is connected to the spectrometer by a photoelectric detector; silica microspheres are fixed on a temperature control module to maintain temperature stability and are coupled to tapered optical fibers.
Further, the silica microspheres have a figure of merit of 3×10 8 And the coupling efficiency with the tapered optical fiber is more than 90%.
Silica microspheres are a type of microresonator with a spherical structure, and because of their unique whispering gallery modes, have the highest quality factor of the currently known optical resonators. A high quality factor may lead to an ultra-long intracavity photon lifetime, an extremely low kerr nonlinear excitation threshold, and a brillouin scattering excitation threshold. The silica microsphere is prepared from a common single-mode fiber by arc discharge through a large-core fiber fusion splicer, and the finished silica microsphere has an extremely high cavity quality factor. The optical signals can be transmitted in the silicon dioxide microspheres simultaneously along the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise direction, which is the basis of the invention for simultaneously outputting two optical frequency comb signals. The frequency of the stimulated brillouin laser light is always 11GHz higher than the pump light (determined by the material from which the cavity is made).
The conical optical fiber is a special optical fiber structure with thick two ends and thin middle. The diameter of the cone region (the thinnest part in the middle) is about 1um, the same order of magnitude as the pumping wavelength, and light propagates along the tapered optical fiber in an evanescent waveform mode, so that the light is easy to be efficiently coupled with the optical resonant cavity.
The working process of the adjustable soliton double-optical-frequency comb based on the quartz microcavity Brillouin scattering laser comprises the following steps:
the pump light amplified by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is injected into the tapered fiber through the fiber polarization controller, and the pump light is coupled into the silica microspheres in the form of evanescent waves in the tapered region of the tapered fiber. When the intensity of the pumping light reaches the stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold, the direction opposite to the propagation direction of the pumping light in the silicon dioxide microsphere generates first-order Brillouin laser which is 11GHz higher than the pumping light frequency (determined by the resonant cavity material), has more stable frequency and narrower linewidth. At this time, the newly generated first-order brillouin laser light can be used as new pumping light, and thus higher-order brillouin laser light can be excited. Due to the third-order Kerr nonlinear effect of the silica microspheres, the spectrum broadening is realized through modulation instability and a cascade four-wave mixing process. When gain and loss, nonlinearity and dispersion in the silicon dioxide microsphere reach balance, phase locking is realized among longitudinal modes, so that soliton pulse output can be formed. Because the silica microspheres have very rich modes, the frequency of the pump light is regulated, so that the pump light and brillouin laser generated by the pump light enter a soliton capturing interval of a pair of modes at the same time, and soliton double-optical-frequency comb output is realized.
Furthermore, the optical fiber polarization controller is used for adjusting different polarization states and adjusting the relative position (namely the coupling position) between the silica microsphere and the tapered optical fiber, so that the pumping light and the Brillouin laser respectively enter a pair of new modes, the pumping light frequency adjusting process is repeated, and the adjustment of the repeated frequency difference of the double optical frequency comb can be realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following excellent effects: the invention can simultaneously output two soliton optical frequency combs in one resonant cavity, and can be flexibly coupled together through the coupler to form a double optical frequency comb system; the invention combines the optical technology and the micro-nano processing technology, has simple structure, and can realize double optical frequency comb output by only one set of optical frequency comb device; the cost is low, and the silica microspheres are prepared from commercial common single-mode optical fibers as raw materials; the quality factor is high, and the quality factor of the prepared silicon dioxide microsphere can reach 3 multiplied by 10 8 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The spectrum range is wide, and the output spectrum width of the optical frequency comb is more than or equal to 120nm; the width of the optical frequency comb output comb tooth line is narrow, and the width of a single comb tooth line is less than or equal to 2Hz; the signal-to-noise ratio is high, and the signal-to-noise ratio of a single comb tooth can reach 60dB; the common mode noise is low, and as the double-frequency comb is generated in the same silicon dioxide microsphere, the common mode noise can be well restrained; the repetition frequency difference of the double-frequency comb is adjustable in a large range, and the double-frequency comb can be adjusted from 7 MHz to 200 MHz. In addition, the device disclosed by the invention is based on an all-optical system, can be very conveniently connected into the existing optical network, and has unique application advantages in the fields of ultra-high-speed optical communication, precise optical measurement, ultra-sensitive optical sensing and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the three-dimensional structure of silica microspheres and tapered optical fibers of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of stimulated Brillouin laser spectra generated by various orders according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a spectrum of a double soliton frequency comb produced by the examples;
fig. 6 is a beat spectrum and single sideband phase noise spectrum of an embodiment soliton.
Reference numerals: silica microsphere- (1), tapered fiber- (2), pump light source- (3), erbium-doped fiber amplifier- (4), fiber polarization controller- (5), fiber circulator- (6), temperature control module- (7), optocoupler 1- (8), spectrometer 1- (9), photodetector 1- (10), spectrometer 1- (11), optocoupler 2- (12), spectrometer 2- (13), photodetector 2- (14), spectrometer 2- (15).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
A tunable soliton double-optical-frequency comb based on quartz microcavity Brillouin scattering laser consists of a silicon dioxide microsphere, a packaged conical optical fiber, a pumping light source, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an optical fiber polarization controller, an optical fiber circulator and a temperature control module.
The diameter of the silica microsphere is 600um; the whole length of the conical optical fiber is 4 cm, and the diameter of the conical region is 1um; the initial wavelength of the pumping light source is 1550nm, the working interval of the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is C-band, and all devices are connected through single-mode optical fibers to form the whole optical path system.
In this embodiment:
1. the whispering gallery mode silica microsphere is prepared by carrying out three times of high-power discharge on common commercial optical fibers through a large-core-diameter polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicer, and the cavity quality factor is 3 multiplied by 10 8 . The prepared silicon dioxide microsphere is fixed on a high-precision three-dimensional displacement table through a designed clamp and is used for carrying out high-efficiency optical coupling with a tapered optical fiber.
2. Tapered optical fibers are drawn from commercially available single mode optical fibers. The tapered optical fiber is prepared by a professional optical fiber fusion tapering machine, the diameter of a tapered region is 1um, and the length of the tapered region is 1 cm. The prepared conical optical fiber is fixed by a special fixture, the bare fiber outside the conical region is solidified on the fixture by ultraviolet glue, and standard single-mode jumper FC/APC connectors are welded at two ends so as to be connected into a standard single-mode optical fiber optical path. The prepared conical optical fiber is fixed on another high-precision three-dimensional displacement table and is used for efficiently coupling light with the silicon dioxide microspheres.
3. The prepared conical optical fiber and the silica microspheres are respectively fixed on two high-precision three-dimensional displacement tables, the relative positions of the conical optical fiber and the silica microspheres are controlled by the two precision three-dimensional displacement tables, and the positions of the conical optical fiber and the silica microspheres are precisely controlled, so that the coupling efficiency of more than 90% is realized.
4. The built soliton double-optical-frequency comb excitation and regulation platform consists of a wavelength-adjustable pumping light source (C wave band), an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (C wave band), an optical fiber polarization controller, an optical fiber circulator and a temperature control module. The pumping light source, the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and the optical fiber polarization controller are connected in sequence; the other end of the optical fiber polarization controller is connected with a first port of the optical fiber circulator; the second port of the circulator is connected to one end of the tapered optical fiber; the other end of the conical optical fiber is used as an optical frequency comb output port 1, and the third port of the circulator is used as an optical frequency comb output port 2; the microspheres are fixed on a temperature control module to maintain temperature stability.
With reference to fig. 1, the silica microsphere (1) and the tapered optical fiber (2) are optically coupled with each other through two precise three-dimensional displacement tables, and the tapered optical fiber is perpendicular to the support rod of the silica microsphere and is in the same horizontal plane as the maximum radius of the microsphere so as to ensure the maximum coupling efficiency.
Referring to fig. 2, the output end of the pump light source (3) is connected with the input of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (4); the output of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is connected with one end of the fiber polarization controller (5); the other end of the optical fiber polarization controller (5) is connected with a first port of the optical fiber circulator (6); a second port of the fiber circulator (6) is connected to one end of the tapered optical fiber (2); the other end of the conical optical fiber (2) is used as an optical frequency comb signal output port 1, an output signal is a transmission frequency comb (pumping frequency comb) of a silicon dioxide microsphere and is connected with a 3dB optical coupler 1 (8) of 50:50, the signal is divided into two paths, one path is directly connected to a spectrometer 1 (9), and the other path is connected to the spectrometer 1 (11) through a photoelectric detector 1 (10).
The third port of the circulator is used as an optical frequency comb signal output port 2, the output signal is a reflection frequency comb signal (Brillouin frequency comb, opposite to the propagation direction of a pumping frequency comb in the silicon dioxide microsphere) of the silicon dioxide microsphere, the signal is divided into two paths by a 50:50 3dB optical coupler 2 (12), one path is directly connected to a spectrometer 2 (13), and the other path is connected to the spectrometer 2 (15) by a photoelectric detector 2 (14); the silica microspheres (1) are fixed on a temperature control module (7) to keep the temperature stable.
The working engineering of this embodiment, as shown in connection with fig. 3, is as follows:
firstly, preparing whispering gallery mode silica microspheres and tapered optical fibers by an arc discharge method and a fusion tapering method, and completing corresponding encapsulation; and then constructing the whole experimental device, adjusting the coupling position and connecting the whole light path.
When the pump laser and the erbium-doped fiber amplifier are turned on, the pump light is amplified by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and coupled into the silica microsphere through a tapered fiber, and when the intensity of the pump light (in the counterclockwise direction in the resonant cavity) reaches the stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold value, brillouin laser (in the clockwise direction in the resonant cavity) opposite to the propagation direction of the pump light is generated in the cavity, and the frequency (always 11GHz higher than the frequency of the pump light) of the pump light can be changed by adjusting the frequency of the pump light. When gain and loss, nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion in the cavity reach balance, phase locking is realized among longitudinal modes, so that soliton pulse output can be formed. Because the silica microspheres have very rich modes, the pump light and the Brillouin laser generated by the pump light enter a soliton capturing zone simultaneously by adjusting the frequency of the pump light, so that soliton double-optical-frequency comb output is realized.
The optical fiber polarization controller is used for adjusting different polarization states and adjusting the relative position (namely the coupling position) between the silica microsphere and the tapered optical fiber, so that the pump light and the Brillouin laser respectively enter a pair of new modes, the pump light frequency adjusting process is repeated, and the generation of the double-optical-frequency comb with different repetition frequency differences can be realized.
Referring to fig. 4, in the multi-order brillouin laser spectrum generated in the embodiment, the leftmost peak is pump light, the second to fourth peaks are the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd order brillouin lasers respectively, the frequency interval between the adjacent order brillouin lasers is 11GHz, and when the power and the dispersion meet the conditions, a soliton tri-optical frequency comb or even a soliton tetra-optical frequency comb can be generated.
Referring to fig. 5, the spectrum width of the soliton double-optical-frequency comb output generated by the embodiment is 120nm or more, the comb teeth of 0.09nm correspond to the repetition frequency of 110GHz, the signal-to-noise ratio of a single comb tooth can reach 60dB, and the spectrum meets the standard soliton spectrum shape.
With reference to fig. 6, it can be seen from the beat spectrum of 1-100kHz and the single-sideband phase noise spectrum of the soliton in this embodiment that the quality of the soliton dual-optical frequency comb output by the present invention is very high. The single sideband phase noise at 1kHz is as low as-110 dBc/Hz.
According to the embodiment, the pump light is coupled to the silica microsphere in the form of evanescent waves through the tapered optical fiber, so that brillouin laser with opposite propagation directions and higher frequency is generated; the newly generated Brillouin laser is used as new pumping light, so that the Brillouin laser with higher order can be excited; and then the frequency of the pump light is regulated, so that the pump light and the Brillouin laser generated by the pump light enter a soliton capturing interval of a pair of modes at the same time, the output of a soliton double optical frequency comb is realized, and the repetition frequency difference of the double optical frequency comb is adjustable. The invention has the advantages of low cost, wide spectrum range, narrow optical frequency comb output comb tooth line width, high signal-to-noise ratio, low common mode noise, adjustable double-frequency comb repetition frequency difference of 7 to 200MHz, capability of being based on an all-optical system, easiness in accessing an existing optical network, and unique application advantages in the fields of ultra-high-speed optical communication, precise optical measurement, ultra-sensitive optical sensing and the like.
Claims (4)
1. An adjustable soliton double optical frequency comb based on quartz microcavity brillouin scattering laser, its characterized in that: the device comprises a whispering gallery mode silicon dioxide microsphere, a conical optical fiber, a pumping light source, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, an optical fiber polarization controller, an optical fiber circulator and a temperature control module;
the output end of the pumping light source is connected with the input of the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, the output of the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is connected with one end of the optical fiber polarization controller, the other end of the optical fiber polarization controller is connected with the first port of the optical fiber circulator, the second port of the optical fiber circulator is connected with one end of the conical optical fiber, and the other end of the conical optical fiber is used as a signal output port 1;
the output signal of the conical optical fiber is a transmission frequency comb of the silicon dioxide microsphere, the signal is divided into two paths by an optical coupler, one path is directly connected to the spectrometer, and the other path is connected to the spectrometer by a photoelectric detector;
the third port of the circulator is used as a signal output port 2, the output signal is a reflection frequency comb signal of the silica microsphere, and the reflection frequency comb signal is divided into two paths through an optical coupler, one path of the reflection frequency comb signal is directly connected to the spectrometer, and the other path of the reflection frequency comb signal is connected to the spectrometer through a photoelectric detector;
wherein the silica microspheres are fixed on a temperature control module to maintain temperature stability and are coupled with tapered optical fibers.
2. The tunable soliton double optical frequency comb based on quartz microcavity brillouin scattering laser of claim 1, wherein: the silica microsphere has a figure of merit of 3 x 10 8 And the coupling efficiency with the tapered optical fiber is more than 90%.
3. The tunable soliton double optical frequency comb based on quartz microcavity brillouin scattering laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific working process is as follows:
the pump light amplified by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is injected into the tapered fiber through the fiber polarization controller, and is coupled into the silica microsphere in the form of evanescent waves in the tapered region of the tapered fiber;
when the intensity of the pumping light reaches the stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold value, the first-order Brillouin laser with higher frequency than the pumping light is generated in the direction opposite to the propagation direction of the pumping light in the silicon dioxide microsphere; at this time, the newly generated first-order Brillouin laser is used as new pumping light, so that the higher-order Brillouin laser is excited; due to the third-order Kerr nonlinear effect of the microsphere resonant cavity, the spectrum broadening is realized through modulation instability and cascading four-wave mixing processes; when gain, loss, nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion in the microsphere resonant cavity reach balance, phase locking is realized among longitudinal modes, so that soliton pulse output is formed;
by adjusting the frequency of the pump light, the pump light and the Brillouin laser generated by the pump light enter a soliton capturing interval of a pair of modes at the same time, and soliton double-optical-frequency comb output is realized.
4. The tunable soliton double optical frequency comb based on quartz microcavity brillouin scattering laser of claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber polarization controller is used for adjusting different polarization states and adjusting the relative positions between the resonant cavity of the silica microsphere and the tapered optical fiber, so that the pump light and the Brillouin laser respectively enter a pair of new modes, the pump light frequency adjusting process is repeated, and the adjustment of the double-optical-frequency comb repetition frequency difference is realized.
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