CN116992962A - Landform knowledge graph construction method based on self-supervision deep learning - Google Patents

Landform knowledge graph construction method based on self-supervision deep learning Download PDF

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CN116992962A
CN116992962A CN202310995603.9A CN202310995603A CN116992962A CN 116992962 A CN116992962 A CN 116992962A CN 202310995603 A CN202310995603 A CN 202310995603A CN 116992962 A CN116992962 A CN 116992962A
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许珺
杨家齐
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Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of landform knowledge graph research, in particular to a landform knowledge graph construction method based on self-supervision deep learning, which comprises the steps of self-supervision pre-training model construction, evaluation of the self-supervision pre-training model, semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction.

Description

Landform knowledge graph construction method based on self-supervision deep learning
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of research of landform knowledge maps, in particular to a landform knowledge map construction method based on self-supervision deep learning.
Background
Landforms are one of the most important natural geographic elements, affecting the surface climate, ecological environment and the spatial distribution of natural resources. The geomorphic research is an important branch of geography, plays an important role in solving the morphology, structure, distribution change and rule of the earth surface, and provides scientific basis for human survival and development. With the development of science and technology, the research of topography is increasingly informationized and intelligent. At the end of nineties of the last century, along with the proposal of the concept of the information map of the geomorphology, students in the field of geomorphology break through key technologies such as geomorphology information extraction, classification and the like, construct the information map of morphological characteristics, geomorphology development and the like, and realize the summarization and the condensation of a series of geomorphology knowledge.
The current knowledge graph (KnowledgeGraph) becomes a research hotspot in the information field. Knowledge patterns represent knowledge in the form of a structured directed graph, represent entities and relationships between the entities in nodes and edges, and map semantics of the entities and the relationships to a low-dimensional continuous vector space through knowledge representation learning (KnowledgeGraph Embedding), so that knowledge reasoning and prediction can be realized through vector or matrix operation, and the knowledge patterns have strong semantic computing capability, are widely applied in aspects of semantic retrieval, intelligent question-answering and individual recommendation, and are also constructed in a plurality of fields of field knowledge patterns in field study.
In particular to the field of geomorphology, because of the problems of fuzzy boundary, difficult type determination and multi-scale of the landform, the landform classification is difficult, the landform classification systems are various, the different systems are difficult to unify, and the difficulty exists in constructing a landform knowledge body. The boundary of the landform is fuzzy and difficult to determine, and the current landform type division takes human cognition as a core, is not a system which faces machine calculation and takes machine understanding as a core, and is difficult to realize quantitative expression and calculation which can be understood and utilized by a computer.
Expert knowledge is needed in domestic and foreign researches in the prior art, a body layer is built from top to bottom, the automation degree is not high, the existing landform classification system is various, a unified knowledge body is difficult to build, and sufficient various landform type entities and characteristics thereof are difficult to provide according to triples extracted from texts by the body.
Therefore, in order to solve the problems, the application provides a landform knowledge graph construction method based on self-supervision deep learning, which is developed rapidly through the self-supervision deep learning in the field of deep learning. The pre-training model based on the self-supervision learning strategy trains on a large amount of data, can automatically extract general features in the data under the condition of no domain expert knowledge, forms a self-supervision deep learning model and a training strategy suitable for DEM data, achieves the aim of fully learning geomorphic semantics and spatial features, explores a geomorphic classification system under an artificial intelligence view angle, and realizes automatic construction of a computer-understandable and computable geomorphic knowledge map from bottom to top.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to fill the blank of the prior art, and provides a landform knowledge graph construction method based on self-supervision deep learning, which is rapid in development through the self-supervision deep learning in the field of deep learning. The pre-training model based on the self-supervision learning strategy trains on a large amount of data, can automatically extract general features in the data under the condition of no domain expert knowledge, forms a self-supervision deep learning model and a training strategy suitable for DEM data, achieves the aim of fully learning geomorphic semantics and spatial features, explores a geomorphic classification system under an artificial intelligence view angle, and realizes automatic construction of a computer-understandable and computable geomorphic knowledge map from bottom to top.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a landform knowledge graph construction method based on self-supervision deep learning, which comprises the steps of self-supervision pre-training model construction, evaluation of the self-supervision pre-training model, semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction;
self-supervision pre-training model construction: the method comprises the steps of perfecting a self-supervision learning strategy, constructing a training data set, designing a model structure, exploring a learning strategy and a design loss function, and performing model training;
evaluation of self-supervised pre-training model: applying the pre-training model to a downstream task, evaluating learning performance and migration performance of the model, finding problems, feeding back the problems to the pre-training model, and adjusting model parameters;
semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction: carrying out semantic analysis on the feature vector characterization obtained by pre-training to construct a feature knowledge graph;
the self-supervision pre-training model construction specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-training data set:
constructing a data source of a large-scale pre-training data set by utilizing the existing global DEM products with different resolutions, randomly selecting partial areas to construct the pre-training data set, cutting data into raster pattern images with uniform sizes, constructing the pre-training data set with the total data size of 900,000 ~ 1,000,000, dividing smaller-scale data into verification sets, and taking the rest as the training set;
s2, model design:
constructing a self-supervision DEM deep learning model, designing the structures of an encoder and a decoder, selecting a mask structure of an MAE model and a basic framework based on a ViT model, comparing the performances of different ViT model structures with the performances of other convolutional neural network models, and selecting an optimal model through a plurality of groups of comparison experiments to solve the coding key technology;
changing the data input mode of the encoder, and synchronously learning the characteristics of different resolutions by adopting a method for synchronously inputting multi-resolution data in the same area; because pixels of data with different resolutions of the same picture are inconsistent, changing a pixel position coding mode of MAE, referring to an absolute distance coding mode of Scale-MAE, and designing a proper position coding mode aiming at the relativity of terrains among different pictures, so that the position information of the data with different resolutions is consistent, the problem of information leakage of absolute position coding is avoided, the periodic mode of the terrains is reflected to a certain extent, and the universality of the model to the data with different scales is improved by adjusting the decoder structure;
s3, self-supervision learning strategy:
the method comprises the steps of perfecting a self-supervision learning strategy, exploring the setting of different super parameters, randomly masking a DEM (digital elevation model) picture in a certain proportion in a mode of image masking, taking the uncovered part as the input of a pre-training model, obtaining a restored image after passing through an encoder and a decoder, calculating loss compared with an original image, and optimizing the model; different data covering modes are tried or data are covered by random shapes generated randomly, different covering proportions are tried, and the optimal proportion is explored;
s4, loss function:
the method comprises the steps of designing a reasonable loss function, introducing a training effect of a terrain factor control model to the most direct index which is the numerical difference between a recovered numerical value and a real numerical value in a self-supervision learning process, and adding the loss values of the factors into the loss function to enable the model to consider the terrain factor in optimization;
the semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction specifically comprises the following steps:
s10, the supervised learning model represents the landform features by vectors, and the landforms with similar features and adjacent spaces are combined into a landform unit by similarity calculation of the vectors, wherein one landform unit is a landform type entity;
s20, obtaining a hierarchical structure of the landform type through hierarchical clustering;
s30, obtaining the attention score of each two plots through an attention mechanism of self-supervision learning, constructing an attention score matrix, calculating the interdependence degree of the plots, adopting visual analysis to explore the interdependence relation among different landform entities, researching a landform type distribution space mode, and constructing a landform space grammar tree;
s40, forming a landform knowledge graph comprising a landform type hierarchical structure, landform entity semantic representation and a landform type spatial relationship.
Compared with the prior art, the application learns the multi-scale landform type semantics and spatial features on the global multi-resolution DEM data to form the landform feature vector representation aiming at machine calculation.
Through exploration, a self-supervision deep learning model and a training strategy suitable for DEM data are formed, and the purpose of fully learning geomorphic semantics and spatial features is achieved; through analysis and calculation of landform feature vector representation, a landform classification system under an artificial intelligence view angle is explored, and a computer understandable and computable landform knowledge map is automatically built from bottom to top.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general research framework and technical route of the project of the application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the MAE model of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a knowledge graph construction technology route of the present application.
Detailed Description
The application will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a method for constructing a geomorphic knowledge graph based on self-supervision deep learning includes constructing a self-supervision pre-training model, evaluating the self-supervision pre-training model, and constructing a semantic analysis and a knowledge graph;
self-supervision pre-training model construction: the method comprises the steps of perfecting a self-supervision learning strategy, constructing a training data set, designing a model structure, exploring a learning strategy and a design loss function, and performing model training;
evaluation of self-supervised pre-training model: applying the pre-training model to a downstream task, evaluating learning performance and migration performance of the model, finding problems, feeding back the problems to the pre-training model, and adjusting model parameters;
semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction: carrying out semantic analysis on the feature vector characterization obtained by pre-training to construct a feature knowledge graph;
the self-supervision pre-training model construction specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-training data set:
constructing a data source of a large-scale pre-training data set by utilizing the existing global DEM products with different resolutions, randomly selecting partial areas to construct the pre-training data set, cutting data into raster pattern images with uniform sizes, constructing the pre-training data set with the total data size of 900,000 ~ 1,000,000, dividing smaller-scale data into verification sets, and taking the rest as the training set;
s2, model design:
constructing a self-supervision DEM deep learning model, designing the structures of an encoder and a decoder, selecting a mask structure of an MAE model and a basic framework based on a ViT model, comparing the performances of different ViT model structures with the performances of other convolutional neural network models, and selecting an optimal model through a plurality of groups of comparison experiments to solve the coding key technology;
changing the data input mode of the encoder, and synchronously learning the characteristics of different resolutions by adopting a method for synchronously inputting multi-resolution data in the same area; because pixels of data with different resolutions of the same picture are inconsistent, changing a pixel position coding mode of MAE, referring to an absolute distance coding mode of Scale-MAE, and designing a proper position coding mode aiming at the relativity of terrains among different pictures, so that the position information of the data with different resolutions is consistent, the problem of information leakage of absolute position coding is avoided, the periodic mode of the terrains is reflected to a certain extent, and the universality of the model to the data with different scales is improved by adjusting the decoder structure;
s3, self-supervision learning strategy:
the method comprises the steps of perfecting a self-supervision learning strategy, exploring the setting of different super parameters, randomly masking a DEM (digital elevation model) picture in a certain proportion in a mode of image masking, taking the uncovered part as the input of a pre-training model, obtaining a restored image after passing through an encoder and a decoder, calculating loss compared with an original image, and optimizing the model; different data covering modes are tried or data are covered by random shapes generated randomly, different covering proportions are tried, and the optimal proportion is explored;
s4, loss function:
the method comprises the steps of designing a reasonable loss function, introducing a training effect of a terrain factor control model to the most direct index which is the numerical difference between a recovered numerical value and a real numerical value in a self-supervision learning process, and adding the loss values of the factors into the loss function to enable the model to consider the terrain factor in optimization;
the semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction specifically comprises the following steps:
s10, the supervised learning model represents the landform features by vectors, and the landforms with similar features and adjacent spaces are combined into a landform unit by similarity calculation of the vectors, wherein one landform unit is a landform type entity;
s20, obtaining a hierarchical structure of the landform type through hierarchical clustering;
s30, obtaining the attention score of each two plots through an attention mechanism of self-supervision learning, constructing an attention score matrix, calculating the interdependence degree of the plots, adopting visual analysis to explore the interdependence relation among different landform entities, researching a landform type distribution space mode, and constructing a landform space grammar tree;
s40, forming a landform knowledge graph comprising a landform type hierarchical structure, landform entity semantic representation and a landform type spatial relationship.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, only for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the present application, and the scope of the present application is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present application belong to the scope of the present application. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present application may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
The application integrally solves the problems that the prior art has multiple landform classification systems, is difficult to unify among different systems, has high dependence degree and low automation degree, is difficult to construct a unified knowledge body and the like when the knowledge map is constructed in the field of landform science, and achieves the aim of fully learning landform semantics and spatial features by a self-supervision deep learning model and training strategy suitable for DEM data. Through analysis and calculation of landform feature vector representation, a landform classification system under an artificial intelligence view angle is explored, and a computer understandable and computable landform knowledge map is automatically built from bottom to top.

Claims (1)

1. The geomorphic knowledge graph construction method based on self-supervision deep learning is characterized by comprising the steps of self-supervision pre-training model construction, evaluation of the self-supervision pre-training model, semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction;
the self-supervision pre-training model is constructed: the method comprises the steps of perfecting a self-supervision learning strategy, constructing a training data set, designing a model structure, exploring a learning strategy and a design loss function, and performing model training; evaluation of the self-supervised pre-training model: applying the pre-training model to a downstream task, evaluating learning performance and migration performance of the model, finding problems, feeding back the problems to the pre-training model, and adjusting model parameters;
the semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction: carrying out semantic analysis on the feature vector characterization obtained by pre-training to construct a feature knowledge graph;
the self-supervision pre-training model construction specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-training data set:
constructing a data source of a large-scale pre-training data set by utilizing the existing global DEM products with different resolutions, randomly selecting partial areas to construct the pre-training data set, cutting data into raster pattern images with uniform sizes, constructing the pre-training data set with the total data size of 900,000 ~ 1,000,000, dividing smaller-scale data into verification sets, and taking the rest as the training set;
s2, model design:
constructing a self-supervision DEM deep learning model, designing the structures of an encoder and a decoder, selecting a mask structure of an MAE model and a basic framework based on a ViT model, comparing the performances of different ViT model structures with the performances of other convolutional neural network models, and selecting an optimal model through a plurality of groups of comparison experiments to solve the coding key technology;
changing the data input mode of the encoder, and synchronously learning the characteristics of different resolutions by adopting a method for synchronously inputting multi-resolution data in the same area; because pixels of data with different resolutions of the same picture are inconsistent, changing a pixel position coding mode of MAE, referring to an absolute distance coding mode of Scale-MAE, and designing a proper position coding mode aiming at the relativity of terrains among different pictures, so that the position information of the data with different resolutions is consistent, the problem of information leakage of absolute position coding is avoided, the periodic mode of the terrains is reflected to a certain extent, and the universality of the model to the data with different scales is improved by adjusting the decoder structure; s3, self-supervision learning strategy:
the method comprises the steps of perfecting a self-supervision learning strategy, exploring the setting of different super parameters, randomly masking a DEM (digital elevation model) picture in a certain proportion in a mode of image masking, taking the uncovered part as the input of a pre-training model, obtaining a restored image after passing through an encoder and a decoder, calculating loss compared with an original image, and optimizing the model; different data covering modes are tried or data are covered by random shapes generated randomly, different covering proportions are tried, and the optimal proportion is explored; s4, loss function:
the method comprises the steps of designing a reasonable loss function, introducing a training effect of a terrain factor control model to the most direct index which is the numerical difference between a recovered numerical value and a real numerical value in a self-supervision learning process, and adding the loss values of the factors into the loss function to enable the model to consider the terrain factor in optimization; the semantic analysis and knowledge graph construction specifically comprises the following steps:
s10, the supervised learning model represents the landform features by vectors, and the landforms with similar features and adjacent spaces are combined into a landform unit by similarity calculation of the vectors, wherein one landform unit is a landform type entity;
s20, obtaining a hierarchical structure of the landform type through hierarchical clustering;
s30, obtaining the attention score of each two plots through an attention mechanism of self-supervision learning, constructing an attention score matrix, calculating the interdependence degree of the plots, adopting visual analysis to explore the interdependence relation among different landform entities, researching a landform type distribution space mode, and constructing a landform space grammar tree;
s40, forming a landform knowledge graph comprising a landform type hierarchical structure, landform entity semantic representation and a landform type spatial relationship.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN117574844A (en) * 2023-11-23 2024-02-20 华南理工大学 Self-supervision learning DTCO process parameter performance specification feedback method
CN117656082A (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-03-08 青岛创新奇智科技集团股份有限公司 Industrial robot control method and device based on multi-mode large model

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US20210192372A1 (en) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Multi-layered knowledge base system and processing method thereof
CN113590799A (en) * 2021-08-16 2021-11-02 东南大学 Weak supervision knowledge graph question-answering method based on multi-view reasoning

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US20210192372A1 (en) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Multi-layered knowledge base system and processing method thereof
CN113590799A (en) * 2021-08-16 2021-11-02 东南大学 Weak supervision knowledge graph question-answering method based on multi-view reasoning

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117574844A (en) * 2023-11-23 2024-02-20 华南理工大学 Self-supervision learning DTCO process parameter performance specification feedback method
CN117656082A (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-03-08 青岛创新奇智科技集团股份有限公司 Industrial robot control method and device based on multi-mode large model
CN117656082B (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-05-14 青岛创新奇智科技集团股份有限公司 Industrial robot control method and device based on multi-mode large model

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