CN116990626A - Alternating current power grid voltage transmission state monitoring method and system - Google Patents
Alternating current power grid voltage transmission state monitoring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- G01R19/2503—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques for measuring voltage only, e.g. digital volt meters (DVM's)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for monitoring the voltage transmission state of an alternating current power grid, which relate to the technical field of power grid fault diagnosis and comprise the following steps: acquiring a real-time voltage value of each monitoring node in an alternating current power grid; analyzing the real-time voltage value to obtain an abnormal node duty ratio or an abnormal segment duty ratio; calculating to obtain a voltage state value; judging the voltage transmission state of the current alternating current power grid, and generating a transmission disqualification signal or a transmission qualification signal; when a transmission failure signal is obtained, a cable aging influence coefficient is obtained, and comparison is carried out to obtain a cable aging signal or a cable non-aging signal; when a cable aging signal is obtained, carrying out fault grading on the cable of the abnormal voltage section; according to the invention, the voltage change condition of a single monitoring node is analyzed, and the voltage change condition among the monitoring nodes is analyzed, so that the voltage transmission state can be accurately monitored and analyzed in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grid fault diagnosis, in particular to a method and a system for monitoring voltage transmission states of an alternating current power grid.
Background
Chinese patent CN112485594B discloses a method and a system for detecting the degree of fault of ac power grid voltage, which relate to the field of power grid fault diagnosis technology, and include that firstly, whether the three-phase ac power grid voltage is balanced is judged by calculating the zero sequence component of ac power grid voltage, and then, the fundamental voltage amplitude component of the power grid voltage is calculated by using virtual αβ conversion and LES filter; finally, calculating an error accumulation amount of a fundamental wave amplitude component of the power grid voltage and a fundamental wave voltage amplitude reference value in each sampling period, and comparing the error accumulation amount with an accumulated voltage deviation component threshold value to judge whether a three-phase alternating current power grid fails or not; after the three-phase alternating current power grid fails, representing the alternating current failure degree by utilizing the difference value of the accumulated voltage deviation components of two adjacent calculation periods;
in the prior art, the LES filter can realize low-delay filtering under fault working conditions, and meanwhile, the fault judgment threshold value is reduced through a method of multiple sampling error accumulation, but the unstable condition in the voltage transmission process caused by the ageing degree of the cable cannot be effectively judged, so that the problems of quick fault point searching and timely maintenance of a technician on the cable are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for monitoring the voltage transmission state of an alternating current power grid, which solve the following technical problems: the unstable condition in the voltage transmission process caused by the aging degree of the cable cannot be effectively judged, so that the problem that technicians quickly find fault points and repair the cable in time is limited.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a method for monitoring the voltage transmission state of an alternating current power grid comprises the following steps:
step 1: dividing an alternating current power grid into i monitoring nodes, and acquiring a real-time voltage value U of each monitoring node in the alternating current power grid i ；
Step 2: for real-time voltage value U i Analyzing to obtain an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2;
wherein, the real-time voltage value U of each monitoring node is obtained i And by the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage difference UCl of adjacent monitoring nodes;
if the voltage difference UCl of the adjacent monitoring nodes is more than or equal to the voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes, generating a monitoring segment voltage unstable signal; marking the corresponding monitoring segments as abnormal voltage segments, thereby obtaining the number m of the abnormal voltage segments;
step 3: by the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage state value ZUz; judging the voltage transmission state of the current alternating current power grid, and generating a transmission disqualification signal or a transmission qualification signal; wherein alpha and beta are proportionality coefficients;
step 4: when a transmission failure signal is obtained, obtaining a cable aging condition used during voltage transmission, obtaining a cable aging influence coefficient XB, and comparing to obtain a cable aging signal or a cable non-aging signal;
step 5: when a cable aging signal is obtained, performing fault grading on the cables of the abnormal voltage segments;
wherein the abnormal node duty ratio B1 is obtained by: comparing the number n of abnormal voltage nodes with the number i of the total monitoring nodes;
the abnormal segment duty ratio B2 is obtained by: comparing the number m of abnormal voltage segments with the number i-1 of the total monitoring segments;
wherein the cable aging influence coefficient XB is calculated by the following formula:calculating to obtain; xt is a temperature influence coefficient, xg is an illumination influence coefficient and Xs is a humidity influence coefficient; wherein a1, a2 and a3 are all proportionality coefficients.
As a further scheme of the invention: the number n of abnormal voltage nodes is obtained by the following steps:
setting an analysis period t, and setting all real-time voltage values U of each monitoring node in the analysis period t i Adding and summing to obtain average value to obtain voltage period average value U it The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the By the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage period difference UC it The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the voltage period is the difference UC it When the voltage period difference threshold value is not less than or equal to, generating a monitoring node voltage unstable signal; and marking the corresponding monitoring nodes as abnormal voltage nodes, so as to obtain the number of the abnormal voltage nodes.
As a further scheme of the invention: if the voltage period is the difference UC it <And when the voltage period is different from the threshold value, generating a voltage stabilizing signal of the monitoring node.
As a further scheme of the invention: and if the voltage difference UCl of the adjacent monitoring nodes is smaller than the voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes, generating a monitoring segment voltage stabilizing signal.
As a further scheme of the invention: the temperature influence coefficient Xt is obtained by dividing the cable temperature data St with the cable temperature standard data Stb;
the illumination influence coefficient Xg is obtained by dividing the illumination time Sg and the illumination standard time Sgb;
the humidity influence coefficient Xs is obtained by dividing the humidity Ss by the standard humidity mean Ssb.
As a further scheme of the invention: if the cable ageing influence coefficient XB is more than or equal to the cable ageing influence coefficient threshold value, generating a cable ageing signal;
if the cable aging influence coefficient XB is less than the cable aging influence coefficient threshold, a cable non-aging signal is generated.
As a further scheme of the invention: in step 5, the fault classification method is as follows:
acquiring a voltage difference UCl of adjacent monitoring nodes of the abnormal voltage segment and a cable ageing influence coefficient XB; by the formula:calculating to obtain an ageing influence value ZL; wherein b1 and b2 are ratiosAn example coefficient;
comparing the resulting aging effect value ZL with aging effect thresholds ZLy1 and ZLy, wherein ZLy1< ZLy2;
if the aging influence value ZL is smaller than the aging influence threshold ZLy, generating a first-level fault signal;
if the aging influence threshold ZLy1 is less than or equal to the aging influence value ZL is less than or equal to the aging influence threshold ZLy, generating a secondary fault signal;
if the aging influence threshold ZLy2 is less than the aging influence value ZL, a three-level fault signal is generated.
An ac grid voltage transmission status monitoring system comprising:
the voltage acquisition module divides the alternating current power grid into i monitoring nodes and acquires a real-time voltage value U of each monitoring node in the alternating current power grid i ；
The voltage analysis module is used for acquiring a real-time voltage value Ui of the voltage acquisition module and analyzing the real-time voltage value Ui to obtain an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2;
wherein, the real-time voltage value U of each monitoring node is obtained i And by the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage difference UCl of adjacent monitoring nodes;
if the voltage difference UCl of the adjacent monitoring nodes is more than or equal to the voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes, generating a monitoring segment voltage unstable signal; marking the corresponding monitoring segment as an abnormal voltage segment;
the state monitoring platform acquires an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2 of the analysis module, judges the voltage transmission state of the current alternating current power grid, and generates a transmission unqualified signal or a transmission qualified signal;
the abnormality judging module is used for acquiring the aging condition of the cable during voltage transmission when a transmission failure signal of the state monitoring platform is obtained;
the state monitoring platform also acquires a cable ageing influence coefficient XB of the abnormality judgment module, and compares and judges the cable ageing influence coefficient XB to obtain a cable ageing signal or a cable non-ageing signal;
and the fault affecting module is used for grading faults of the cables of the abnormal voltage segments when the cable aging signals of the state monitoring platform are obtained.
As a further scheme of the invention: the abnormal node duty ratio B1 is obtained by: comparing the number n of abnormal voltage nodes with the number i of the total monitoring nodes;
the abnormal segment duty ratio B2 is obtained by: comparing the number m of abnormal voltage segments with the number i-1 of the total monitoring segments;
wherein the cable aging influence coefficient XB is calculated by the following formula:calculating to obtain; xt is a temperature influence coefficient, xg is an illumination influence coefficient and Xs is a humidity influence coefficient; wherein a1, a2 and a3 are all proportionality coefficients.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the voltage change condition of a single monitoring node is analyzed and the voltage change condition among the monitoring nodes is analyzed, so that the current voltage transmission steady state condition is judged, and the voltage transmission state can be accurately monitored and analyzed in real time;
according to the invention, the cable ageing condition during voltage transmission and the voltage transmission state are analyzed and calculated, the unstable condition is subjected to fault analysis and investigation, and when the fault cause of unstable voltage transmission due to ageing is obtained, the relation between the current cable ageing and stable voltage transmission is graded through the ageing influence value ZL, so that the cable maintenance treatment measures are conveniently made.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention is a system for monitoring a voltage transmission state of an ac power grid, comprising:
the voltage acquisition module divides an alternating current power grid into i monitoring nodes, acquires a real-time voltage value of each monitoring node in the alternating current power grid, and marks the real-time voltage value as U i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein i=1, 2, 3; i is a positive integer; and the obtained real-time voltage value U i Sending the voltage to a voltage analysis module;
the real-time voltage value acquisition mode comprises the following steps: the voltage sensor is connected with the conditioning amplifying circuit, the conditioning amplifying circuit is connected with the high-precision AD sampling chip, and the high-precision AD sampling chip is connected with the metering MCU201; the current-voltage sensor, the conditioning amplifying circuit and the high-precision AD sampling chip are adopted, the current-voltage sensor has the characteristics of low time delay and high precision, the conversion from strong current to weak current signals is realized, after the conditioning amplifying circuit acts, the high-precision AD chip realizes synchronous and rapid sampling, the sampling precision and the corresponding speed are effectively improved, and the accuracy and timeliness of the on-line monitoring of a micro-grid are ensured;
preferably, the high-precision AD chip adopts a 16-bit high-precision AD chip;
the voltage analysis module acquires a real-time voltage value U of the voltage acquisition module i And for real-time voltage value U i Analyzing to obtain an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2;
the specific working process of the voltage analysis module is as follows:
step one, setting an analysis period t, and setting all real-time voltage values U of each monitoring node in the analysis period t i Adding and summing to obtain average value to obtain voltage period average value U it The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Voltage period average value U it The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the analysis period t=1, 2,3, 4..j, t is a positive integer; t is in s;
by the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage period difference UC it ；
Step two, the obtained voltage period difference UC it Comparing with a voltage period difference threshold;
if the voltage period is the difference UC it When the voltage period difference threshold value is not less than or equal to, generating a monitoring node voltage unstable signal;
if the voltage period is the difference UC it <When the voltage period is different from the threshold value, generating a voltage stabilizing signal of the monitoring node;
the monitoring node voltage unstable signal indicates that the current voltage performance of the monitoring node is unstable and fluctuates greatly in an analysis period t, and exceeds a set voltage period difference threshold; the voltage stabilizing signal of the monitoring node shows that the current voltage of the monitoring node is stable in performance and small in fluctuation in the analysis period t and does not exceed the set voltage period difference threshold;
when the voltage unstable signal of the monitoring node is obtained, the corresponding monitoring node is marked as an abnormal voltage node, so that the number of the abnormal voltage nodes is obtained, and the number is marked as n; comparing the number n of abnormal voltage nodes with the number i of the total monitoring nodes, namely by a formulaCalculating to obtain an abnormal node duty ratio B1;
step three: acquiring a real-time voltage value U of each monitoring node i And by the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage difference UCl of adjacent monitoring nodes;
step four, comparing the obtained voltage difference UCl of the adjacent monitoring nodes with a voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes;
if the voltage difference UCl of the adjacent monitoring nodes is more than or equal to the voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes, generating a monitoring segment voltage unstable signal;
if the voltage difference UCl of the adjacent monitoring nodes is smaller than the voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes, generating a monitoring segment voltage stabilizing signal;
the monitoring segment voltage unstable signal indicates that the voltage difference between adjacent monitoring nodes is large in the conveying process, and exceeds the set voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes, so that the voltage requirement in the power grid conveying process is not met; the monitoring segment voltage stabilizing signal indicates that the voltage difference between adjacent monitoring nodes is smaller in the conveying process, and the voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes is not exceeded, so that the voltage requirement in the power grid conveying process is met;
when a monitoring segment voltage unstable signal is obtained, marking the corresponding monitoring segment as an abnormal voltage segment, thereby obtaining the number of the abnormal voltage segments and marking the abnormal voltage segment as m; comparing the number m of abnormal voltage segments with the number i-1 of the total monitoring segments, namely by the formula:calculating to obtain an abnormal segment duty ratio B2;
the state monitoring platform acquires an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2 of the analysis module, judges the voltage transmission state of the current alternating current power grid, and generates a transmission unqualified signal or a transmission qualified signal;
the working process of the state monitoring platform is as follows:
step one, the obtained abnormal node duty ratio B1 and abnormal segment duty ratio B2 are calculated according to the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage state value ZUz; wherein, alpha and beta are proportionality coefficients, the value of alpha is 10.29, and the value of beta is 10.25; the voltage state value ZUz is calculated by the function relation between the abnormal node duty ratio B1 and the abnormal segment duty ratio B2, when the values of the abnormal node duty ratio B1 and the abnormal segment duty ratio B2 are larger, the voltage state value ZUz is larger, and when the abnormal node duty ratio B1 and the abnormal segment duty ratio B2 are largerThe smaller the value of the constant segment duty cycle B2, the smaller the voltage state value ZUz;
step two, comparing the obtained voltage state value ZUz with a voltage state threshold value;
if the voltage state value ZUz is more than or equal to the voltage state threshold value, the current alternating current power grid voltage is not stable enough in the transmission state process, and a transmission failure signal is generated;
if the voltage state value ZUz is smaller than the voltage state threshold value, the current alternating current power grid voltage is stable in the transmission state process, and a transmission qualified signal is generated;
the abnormality judging module is used for acquiring the aging condition of the cable during voltage transmission when a transmission failure signal of the state monitoring platform is obtained;
the specific working process of the abnormality judgment module is as follows:
step one, extracting an abnormal voltage segment in a voltage analysis module, and correspondingly acquiring cable performance data corresponding to the abnormal voltage segment;
wherein the cable performance data includes cable temperature data, illumination data, and moisture data;
the cable temperature data is obtained by:
obtaining a corresponding cable running temperature by using a temperature sensor, obtaining a cable running temperature average value of an abnormal voltage section in a historical time, obtaining an environmental temperature average value in the historical time of a region corresponding to the cable by using a weather app, calculating the difference between the cable running temperature average value and the environmental temperature average value, taking an absolute value, obtaining cable temperature data, and marking the cable temperature data as St;
dividing the cable temperature data St by the cable temperature standard data Stb to obtain a temperature influence coefficient Xt;
the cable illumination data is obtained by:
acquiring the illumination time of the area where the cable of the abnormal voltage section is located in the historical time through the weather app, and marking the illumination time as Sg; dividing the illumination time Sg by the illumination standard time Sgb to obtain an illumination influence coefficient Xg;
cable wetness data is obtained by:
acquiring a humidity average value of a region where a cable of an abnormal voltage section is located in a historical time through a weather app, and marking the humidity average value as Ss; dividing the humidity Ss by a standard humidity mean Ssb to obtain a humidity influence coefficient Xs;
the cable temperature standard data Stb, the illumination standard time Sgb and the standard humidity mean Ssb are all obtained by simulation calculation by technicians according to a large amount of experimental data;
substituting the obtained temperature influence coefficient Xt, illumination influence coefficient Xg and humidity influence coefficient Xs into a formula:calculating to obtain a cable ageing influence coefficient XB; wherein a1, a2 and a3 are all proportionality coefficients, the value of a1 is 1.96, the value of a2 is 2.03, and the value of a3 is 3.41;
the state monitoring platform acquires the cable ageing influence coefficient XB of the abnormality judgment module, and compares and judges the cable ageing influence coefficient XB to obtain a cable ageing signal or a cable non-ageing signal;
the state monitoring platform comprises the following steps:
comparing the obtained cable ageing influence coefficient XB with a cable ageing influence coefficient threshold;
if the cable ageing influence coefficient XB is more than or equal to the cable ageing influence coefficient threshold value, generating a cable ageing signal;
if the cable ageing influence coefficient XB is smaller than the cable ageing influence coefficient threshold value, generating a cable non-ageing signal;
the cable aging signal indicates that the cable of the abnormal voltage segment is influenced by factors of regional environment, the cable aging problem exists, the influence on the voltage in the transmission process exists, the cable non-aging signal indicates that the cable of the abnormal voltage segment is influenced by factors of regional environment, and the cable aging problem does not exist; when a cable non-aging signal is obtained, arranging a worker to overhaul the power equipment of the abnormal voltage section;
the fault influence module is used for acquiring a voltage difference UCl of adjacent monitoring nodes of the abnormal voltage segment and a cable ageing influence coefficient XB when a cable ageing signal of the state monitoring platform is obtained; general purpose medicineThe formula is as follows:calculating to obtain an ageing influence value ZL; wherein, b1 and b2 are proportionality coefficients, b1 takes the value of 1.30, and b2 takes the value of 1.65;
comparing the resulting aging effect value ZL with aging effect thresholds ZLy1 and ZLy, wherein ZLy1< ZLy2;
if the aging influence value ZL is smaller than the aging influence threshold ZLy, generating a first-level fault signal;
if the aging influence threshold ZLy1 is less than or equal to the aging influence value ZL is less than or equal to the aging influence threshold ZLy, generating a secondary fault signal;
if the aging influence threshold ZLy2 is smaller than the aging influence value ZL, generating a three-level fault signal;
the primary fault signal, the secondary fault signal and the tertiary fault signal represent that the fault condition is more urgent as the number of stages is increased, so that corresponding technicians are required to be arranged for rush repair, for example, when the primary fault signal occurs, the workers with the working experience of 1-2 years are arranged for processing; when a secondary fault signal appears, arranging staff with working experience of 2-4 years to process; when the three-level fault signal occurs, a worker with working experience of 4-6 years is arranged for processing.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, based on the above embodiment 1, the method for monitoring the voltage transmission state of an ac power grid according to the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1: dividing an alternating current power grid into i monitoring nodes, acquiring a real-time voltage value of each monitoring node in the alternating current power grid, and marking the real-time voltage value as U i ；
Step 2: acquiring a real-time voltage value Ui of the voltage acquisition module, and analyzing the real-time voltage value Ui to obtain an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2;
step 3: the method comprises the steps of obtaining an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2 of an analysis module, judging the voltage transmission state of a current alternating current power grid, and generating a transmission disqualification signal or a transmission qualification signal;
step 4: when a transmission failure signal of the state monitoring platform is obtained, obtaining the quality condition of a cable used in voltage transmission; obtaining a cable ageing influence coefficient XB of the abnormality judgment module, and comparing and judging to obtain a cable ageing signal or a cable non-ageing signal;
step 5: and when the cable aging signal of the state monitoring platform is obtained, carrying out fault grading on the cable of the abnormal voltage segment.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, the voltage change condition of a single monitoring node is analyzed and the voltage change condition among the monitoring nodes is analyzed, so that the current voltage transmission steady state condition is judged, and the voltage transmission state can be accurately monitored and analyzed in real time;
according to the invention, the cable ageing condition during voltage transmission and the voltage transmission state are analyzed and calculated, the unstable condition is subjected to fault analysis and investigation, and when the fault cause of unstable voltage transmission due to ageing is obtained, the relation between the current cable ageing and stable voltage transmission is graded through the ageing influence value ZL, so that the cable maintenance treatment measures are conveniently made.
The above formulas are all formulas with dimensions removed and numerical values calculated, the formulas are formulas with a large amount of data collected for software simulation to obtain the latest real situation, and preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The alternating current power grid voltage transmission state monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: dividing an alternating current power grid into i monitoring nodes, and obtaining a real-time voltage value U of each monitoring node in the alternating current power grid i ；
Step 2: for real-time voltage value U i Analyzing to obtain an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2;
wherein, the real-time voltage value U of each monitoring node is obtained i And by the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage difference UCl of adjacent monitoring nodes;
if the voltage difference UCl of the adjacent monitoring nodes is more than or equal to the voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes, generating a monitoring segment voltage unstable signal; marking the corresponding monitoring segments as abnormal voltage segments, thereby obtaining the number m of the abnormal voltage segments;
step 3: by the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage state value ZUz; judging the voltage transmission state of the current alternating current power grid, and generating a transmission disqualification signal or a transmission qualification signal; wherein alpha and beta are proportionality coefficients;
step 4: when a transmission failure signal is obtained, the aging condition of a cable used in voltage transmission is obtained, an aging influence value ZL is obtained, and comparison is carried out, so that a cable aging signal or a cable non-aging signal is obtained;
step 5: when a cable aging signal is obtained, performing fault grading on the cables of the abnormal voltage segments;
wherein the abnormal node duty ratio B1 is obtained by: comparing the number n of abnormal voltage nodes with the number i of the total monitoring nodes;
the abnormal segment duty ratio B2 is obtained by: comparing the number m of abnormal voltage segments with the number i-1 of the total monitoring segments;
wherein the cable aging influence coefficient XB is calculated by the following formula:calculating to obtain; xt is the temperature influence coefficient and Xg is the illumination influence systemThe numbers and Xs are the moisture influencing coefficients; wherein a1, a2 and a3 are all proportionality coefficients.
2. The method for monitoring the voltage transmission state of an ac power grid according to claim 1, wherein the number n of abnormal voltage nodes is obtained by:
setting an analysis period t, and setting all real-time voltage values U of each monitoring node in the analysis period t i Adding and summing to obtain average value to obtain voltage period average value U it The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the By the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage period difference UC it ；
If the voltage period is the difference UC it When the voltage period difference threshold value is not less than or equal to, generating a monitoring node voltage unstable signal; and marking the corresponding monitoring nodes as abnormal voltage nodes, so as to obtain the number of the abnormal voltage nodes.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein if the voltage period difference UC is it <And when the voltage period is different from the threshold value, generating a voltage stabilizing signal of the monitoring node.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the monitoring segment voltage stabilization signal is generated if the adjacent monitoring node voltage difference UCl < the adjacent monitoring node voltage difference threshold.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature influence coefficient Xt is obtained by dividing cable temperature data St by cable temperature standard data Stb;
the illumination influence coefficient Xg is obtained by dividing the illumination time Sg and the illumination standard time Sgb;
the humidity influence coefficient Xs is obtained by dividing the humidity Ss by the standard humidity mean Ssb.
6. The method for monitoring the voltage transmission state of an alternating current power grid according to claim 1, wherein if the cable aging influence coefficient XB is greater than or equal to a cable aging influence coefficient threshold value, a cable aging signal is generated;
if the cable aging influence coefficient XB is less than the cable aging influence coefficient threshold, a cable non-aging signal is generated.
7. The method for monitoring voltage transmission states of an ac power grid according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the fault classification method is as follows:
acquiring a voltage difference UCl of adjacent monitoring nodes of the abnormal voltage segment and a cable ageing influence coefficient XB; by the formula:calculating to obtain an ageing influence value ZL; wherein b1 and b2 are proportionality coefficients;
comparing the resulting aging effect value ZL with aging effect thresholds ZLy1 and ZLy, wherein ZLy1< ZLy2;
if the aging influence value ZL is smaller than the aging influence threshold ZLy, generating a first-level fault signal;
if the aging influence threshold ZLy1 is less than or equal to the aging influence value ZL is less than or equal to the aging influence threshold ZLy, generating a secondary fault signal;
if the aging influence threshold ZLy2 is less than the aging influence value ZL, a three-level fault signal is generated.
8. An ac grid voltage transmission status monitoring system, comprising:
the voltage acquisition module divides the alternating current power grid into i monitoring nodes and acquires a real-time voltage value U of each monitoring node in the alternating current power grid i ；
The voltage analysis module is used for acquiring a real-time voltage value Ui of the voltage acquisition module and analyzing the real-time voltage value Ui to obtain an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2;
wherein, the real-time voltage value U of each monitoring node is obtained i And by the formula:calculating to obtain a voltage difference UCl of adjacent monitoring nodes;
if the voltage difference UCl of the adjacent monitoring nodes is more than or equal to the voltage difference threshold value of the adjacent monitoring nodes, generating a monitoring segment voltage unstable signal; marking the corresponding monitoring segment as an abnormal voltage segment;
the state monitoring platform acquires an abnormal node duty ratio B1 and an abnormal segment duty ratio B2 of the analysis module, judges the voltage transmission state of the current alternating current power grid, and generates a transmission unqualified signal or a transmission qualified signal;
the abnormality judging module is used for acquiring the aging condition of the cable during voltage transmission when a transmission failure signal of the state monitoring platform is obtained;
the state monitoring platform also acquires a cable ageing influence coefficient XB of the abnormality judgment module, and compares and judges the cable ageing influence coefficient XB to obtain a cable ageing signal or a cable non-ageing signal;
and the fault affecting module is used for grading faults of the cables of the abnormal voltage segments when the cable aging signals of the state monitoring platform are obtained.
9. The ac grid voltage transmission status monitoring system of claim 8, wherein the abnormal node duty cycle B1 is obtained by: comparing the number n of abnormal voltage nodes with the number i of the total monitoring nodes;
the abnormal segment duty ratio B2 is obtained by: comparing the number m of abnormal voltage segments with the number i-1 of the total monitoring segments;
wherein the cable aging influence coefficient XB is calculated by the following formula:
，
calculating to obtain; xt is a temperature influence coefficient, xg is an illumination influence coefficient and Xs is a humidity influence coefficient; wherein a1, a2 and a3 are all proportionality coefficients.
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