CN116989756A - Accurate measurement method for casting control points in high-rise building - Google Patents
Accurate measurement method for casting control points in high-rise building Download PDFInfo
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- CN116989756A CN116989756A CN202310981693.6A CN202310981693A CN116989756A CN 116989756 A CN116989756 A CN 116989756A CN 202310981693 A CN202310981693 A CN 202310981693A CN 116989756 A CN116989756 A CN 116989756A
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/02—Means for marking measuring points
- G01C15/06—Surveyors' staffs; Movable markers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/10—Plumb lines
- G01C15/105—Optical plumbing
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building engineering measurement, and discloses a high-rise building inner control point casting and measuring precise measurement method, which comprises the following steps of: dividing the building into a plurality of sections according to a predetermined rule based on a preset building height; step 2, setting up an observation pier: determining an initial internal control point of a first floor slab to be tested, arranging reinforced concrete columns on two sides of the initial internal control point, casting a concrete slab above the reinforced concrete columns, and forming holes on the concrete slab at positions corresponding to the initial internal control point; step 3, forced centering; step 4, internal control casting and measuring; and 5, internal control normalization. In summary, the measurement method provided by the invention avoids the defects that in the traditional method, the error exists in the recovery of the casting point when the cross ink line is used for recovering the inner control point of the subsection to cast upwards, the floor ink line cannot be stored for a long time due to the influence of the construction environment, and the like. Meanwhile, the defect that the conventional method is used for centering the fine leveling instrument again for many times due to shaking of the legs of the measuring instrument frame body caused by the influence of external environment when the internal control point is guided and measured is overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building engineering measurement, in particular to a high-rise building inner control point casting and measuring precise measurement method.
Background
The main problem in the construction measurement of high-rise and super-high-rise buildings is to control the vertical deviation, namely, how to accurately cast the axes of each layer upwards, and make the vertical verticality deviation meet the standard requirement. When the high-rise building axis inner control method is used for projection, in order to improve the efficiency and prevent errors of laser beam points, the influence of instrument performance conditions and construction environments is considered, the projection range is shortened, and a sectional control point projection mode is adopted.
The sectional inner control point is obtained by using a laser plumb aligner to cast the bottom inner control point onto a laser target of a floor to be segmented through a paying-off hole, and the laser plumb aligner is used for guiding and measuring the laser plumb aligner onto the floor plate. And when the internal control point is subsequently and upwards projected, the sectional internal control point is recovered to be projected upwards by utilizing the cross ink line.
However, the traditional method for restoring the upward projection of the control points in the segments by using the cross ink lines has more problems: 1. setting up the laser plumb with a bracket at an internal control point and horizontally adjusting the laser plumb so that the center line of the laser plumb is positioned on the same axis with the internal control point, and the laser plumb is easily deviated when being affected by working environment such as shaking; 2. when the control points in the building are projected subsequently, not only the laser plumb aligner needs to be erected again to level and align the inner control points, but also the projection points of the laser plumb aligner need to be manually determined to be consistent with the inner control points, so that the labor intensity is greatly increased after multiple projections, and a larger accumulated error is generated in the construction process; 3. the floor ink lines cannot be stably stored for a long time under the influence of construction environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a precise measurement method for casting and measuring control points in a high-rise building, which solves the problems that in the prior art, errors exist in casting and measuring point recovery, the casting step is tedious in the construction process, labor intensity is high, and casting floor ink lines cannot be stored for a long time due to the influence of construction environment.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the accurate measurement method for the casting of the control points in the high-rise building comprises the following steps:
step 1, segmentation: dividing the building into a plurality of sections according to a predetermined rule based on a preset building height;
step 2, setting up an observation pier: determining an initial internal control point of a first floor slab to be tested, arranging reinforced concrete columns on two sides of the initial internal control point, casting a concrete slab above the reinforced concrete columns, and forming holes on the concrete slab at positions corresponding to the initial internal control point;
step 3, forced centering: the forced centering mechanism is arranged at the position of the concrete slab open hole, and the laser plumb aligner is arranged above the forced centering mechanism and leveled, so that the center point of the forced centering mechanism and the laser point of the laser plumb aligner emitting port are positioned on the same axis with the initial internal control point;
step 4, internal control casting: taking the initial internal control point as a reference, reserving a paying-off hole at a corresponding position of each floor slab, and vertically casting the point position of each floor slab to each section floor through the paying-off hole;
step 5, internal control normalization: and (3) aligning the internal control points of the segmented floor slab to be detected with the initial internal control points again, repeating the operation steps 2 to 4, and the like based on the segmentation number.
Preferably, the predetermined rule in the step 1 is that the building is segmented with a segment height of 50 meters.
Preferably, when the floor height is greater than 50 meters and is an integer multiple of 50 meters, the number of segments is an integer multiple value;
when the floor height is greater than 50 meters and is an integer multiple of 50 meters, and there is a remainder, the number of segments is the sum of the integer multiple plus one.
Preferably, in the step 2, the center of the opening is on the same axis with the initial internal control point.
Preferably, after the forced centering is completed, the template is supported based on the current determined position, and the casting concrete wraps the forced centering mechanism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the observation piers are arranged near the initial inner control points of the first floor slab to be tested, the central point of the forced centering mechanism and the laser point of the laser plumb aligner emission port are positioned on the same axis with the inner control points through the observation piers, and the casting concrete is wrapped and protected to force; the bearing device is not damaged by external stress, the internal control points are protected, the measurement precision is improved, the measurement reliability is guaranteed, and the defects of poor measurement precision and large error caused by pollution or damage of the internal control points of the floor slab in the traditional method are avoided. Meanwhile, when the internal control point is measured, the leg of the measuring instrument frame body shakes due to the influence of the external environment, so that the precise instrument is centered again for many times;
2. according to the invention, segmentation is performed in advance based on building height, a transmission line hole is reserved at a corresponding position of each subsequent floor slab, the position of each subsequent floor slab is vertically cast through the line hole, meanwhile, each segmented building is subjected to internal control normalization operation, in the calibration of the internal control points in the subsequent segmented floor slab, only the laser emitted by the laser plumb gauge on the initial internal control point is needed to be used with the internal control point of the segmented floor slab to be tested, compared with the traditional complicated step of avoiding the need of re-erection in the casting of the subsequent internal control point and the complicated operation flow of aligning the casting point of the laser plumb gauge with the internal control point for a plurality of times, thereby reducing the calibration times, reducing the labor intensity and avoiding the accumulated error in the construction process.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a method for precisely measuring the control point in a high-rise building according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the construction of the observation block according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the forced centering mechanism and the laser plumb bob in the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between a forced centering mechanism and a laser plumb aligner after concrete pouring.
1. Floor to be tested; 2. reinforced concrete column; 3. a concrete slab; 4. the hole is formed; 5. an initial internal control point; 6. a forced centering mechanism; 7. laser plumb aligner
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The method aims at solving the problems that in the prior art, a sectional mode is adopted for a high-rise building, errors exist in the recovery of the occurred projection points, the projection steps in the construction process are tedious, the labor intensity is high, the projected floor ink lines cannot be stored for a long time due to the influence of the construction environment, and the like.
In the laser internal control vertical sectional measurement method, a laser vertical instrument is mainly used for carrying out the internal control measurement method on the control line of the main body of the building.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for precisely measuring an inner control point of a high-rise building, comprising the following steps: dividing the building into a plurality of sections according to a predetermined rule based on a preset building height;
firstly, according to a design plan, the height of a building to be constructed is defined, and the building is subjected to expected sectional setting in advance.
Step 2, setting up an observation pier: determining an initial internal control point 5 of a first floor slab 1 to be tested, arranging reinforced concrete columns 2 on two sides of the internal control point, casting a concrete slab 3 above the reinforced concrete columns, and forming holes 4 on the concrete slab 3 at positions corresponding to the internal control points;
as shown in the figure, an initial internal control point 5 is firstly arranged on an initial or first floor slab 1 to be tested, an initial internal control point 5 is guided and measured on the first floor, then reinforced concrete columns 2 are respectively poured on two sides of the initial internal control point 5 and above the initial internal control point 5, concrete slabs 3 are cast in situ, holes 4 are formed at positions corresponding to the initial internal control point 5 after the concrete slabs 3 to be poured are solidified and molded, the shape of the holes is not limited in the invention, the holes can be round holes or square groove holes, and the central positions of the shapes of the holes are aligned with the initial internal control point;
step 3, forced centering: the forced centering mechanism 6 is arranged at the opening of the concrete slab 3, and the laser plumb aligner 7 is arranged above the forced centering mechanism 6 and leveled, so that the center point of the forced centering mechanism 6 and the laser point of the emitting port of the laser plumb aligner 7 are positioned on the same axis with the initial internal control point 5;
the forced centering mechanism 6 can adopt a forced centering disc or other technical scheme of an adjustable bearing device for the laser plumb instrument 7, the installation only needs to meet the requirement that the bearing device can adjust the position of the laser plumb instrument, so that a laser point of a transmitting port of the laser plumb instrument 7 is positioned on the same axis as the initial internal control point 5, the bearing device is not limited specifically, the bearing device is placed at an opening of the concrete slab 3, the laser plumb instrument 7 is arranged above the device, the laser plumb instrument 7 is opened, and laser emitted by the lower part of the laser plumb instrument 7 coincides with the initial internal control point 5.
Step 4, internal control casting: taking the initial internal control point 5 as a reference, reserving a transmission line hole at a corresponding position of each floor slab, and vertically casting the point position of each floor slab to each section floor through the line hole;
wherein the paying-off hole needs to ensure that the laser emitted by the laser plumb bob can smoothly pass through,
step 5, internal control normalization: and (3) aligning the internal control points of the segmented floor slab to be detected with the initial internal control points again, repeating the operation steps 2 to 4, and the like based on the segmentation number.
Based on the number of pre-planned segments, after the building of the first section is completed, a pay-off hole is formed in the building floor plate of the second section, and the floor plate is calibrated through the initial internal control point 5 of the first section building, so that in the building of the second section, the internal control points are not required to be set again, the initial internal control point 5 is aligned, and it is required to supplement the explanation that in order to ensure the guaranteed perpendicularity of the building, no matter how high the building is, ten layers or one hundred layers of the building are required, the internal control points are all certain, or the perpendicularity of the building cannot be ensured, so that as long as the vertical center line of the center point of each floor is ensured, the laser point of the initial internal control point 5 of the floor 1 to be tested and the laser plumb point 7 are positioned on the same axis, and no vertical deviation exists between the adjacent floors of the first section building, namely, when the vertical deviation does not exist between the adjacent floors of the first section building, the vertical deviation is ensured to exist between the center line of the second section and the first section, and the operation of the second section is ensured, and the vertical deviation is not exists when the first section is ensured;
compared with the traditional sectional casting, in the process of construction casting, the floor plate is affected by construction environment to a certain extent, so that a bracket of the laser plummet 7 can shake to drive the laser plummet 7 to deviate, thereby causing casting deviation, meanwhile, in the process of sectional casting, the laser plummet 7 is an optical instrument, and in the process of alignment of adjacent floors, artificial de-authentication calibration is needed through laser, whether calibration and centering are carried out, and a large probability of occurrence of multiple artificial alignment is realized, and in consideration of actual conditions, in the process of construction and construction, measured engineers can be different crowds, visual errors can exist in the process of centering of different crowds, and the possibility of accumulated errors is increased;
by the technical scheme of the invention, the initial internal control point 5 of the first floor slab 1 to be tested is determined in advance, and the central point of the forced centering mechanism 6 and the laser point of the emitting port of the laser plumb aligner 7 are ensured to be positioned on the same axis with the initial internal control point 5, so that when the subsequent in-floor control point is thrown, the control point can be thrown by directly passing through, and the laser plumb aligner 7 can be leveled. The method is simple to operate, forced centering is adopted, measurement accuracy of control points in each floor is guaranteed, and the laser plumb instrument 7 is placed on a bearing device for leveling during operation, so that the control points can be accessed for casting and measuring.
As an embodiment of the present invention, in particular, the predetermined rule in step 1 is that the building is segmented by taking 50 meters as a segment height;
when the floor height is greater than 50 meters and is an integer multiple of 50 meters, the number of segments is an integer multiple value;
when the floor height is greater than 50 meters and is an integer multiple of 50 meters, and there is a remainder, the number of segments is the sum of the integer multiple plus one.
The construction quality acceptance Specification of concrete structure engineering GB50204-2015, the construction vertical deviation of the whole height (H) structure of the building is required to be no more than H/10000 at most and no more than 80mm, because the laser plumb gauge 7 is an optical instrument which is mainly used for casting by means of laser projected by the laser plumb gauge, the height of the segmented building is regulated to be optimal between 50 meters and 60 meters in consideration of light and visual influence, for example, when the height of the building is preset to 168 meters, an observation pier and the laser plumb gauge are arranged on an initial floor slab, and the floor slab closest to 50 meters is also provided with the observation pier and the laser plumb gauge; the observation piers and the laser plumbers are arranged on the floor closest to 100 meters and 150 meters in the same way; after the construction is completed and the calibration is carried out, the observation piers are removed in sequence.
As an embodiment of the present invention, specifically, in the step 2, the center of the opening is located on the same axis as the initial internal control point 5, and the center of the pre-controlled opening 4 is located coaxially with the initial internal control point 5, which is convenient for installing the forced centering mechanism 6, and also convenient for aligning and centering the laser plummet 7 on the forced centering mechanism 6 with the initial internal control point 5 after installing the forced centering mechanism 6.
As one embodiment of the present invention, specifically, after the forced centering is completed, a template is supported based on the current determined position, and the cast concrete is wrapped around the forced centering mechanism 6;
the forced centering mechanism 6 is poured by concrete, the concrete slab is fixed, on one hand, the initial internal control point 5 is protected, on the other hand, the bearing device is not damaged by external stress, the measurement precision is improved, the measurement reliability is guaranteed, and meanwhile, in the later use, the initial internal control point 5 is determined through the observation pier and the fixed installation of the forced centering mechanism 6 and the observation pier, and the point location is easy to preserve for a long time and is not easy to damage;
on the other hand, in the actual use process, the forced centering mechanism 6 is fixedly installed with the laser aligner 7 through the cooperation of auxiliary equipment such as a screw gasket, what needs to be described is that when the forced centering mechanism 6 is concreted, the joint with the laser aligner 7 needs to be avoided, and then when the concrete poured later is solidified, the forced centering mechanism 6 and the laser aligner 7 can be separated, when the vertical deviation of a building needs to be calibrated and checked and rechecked, at this time, because the forced centering mechanism 6 performs concrete pouring in the state of being calibrated with the laser aligner 7, the default initial internal control point position 5 and the forced centering mechanism 6 are in the state of being leveled, then the rechecked again connects the laser aligner 7 with the forced centering mechanism 6, namely, the control point can be accessed for casting measurement, and particularly, when the forced centering mechanism is concreted according to the actual situation, only the position of the forced centering mechanism is limited and fixed, the adjusting piece of the forced centering mechanism 6 is protected through an external protection device, so that the laser aligner 7 can be continuously calibrated and calibrated at the later stage of the installation of the laser aligner 7.
And what has not been described in detail in this specification is all that is known and known to those skilled in the art.
In summary, the measurement method provided by the invention avoids the defects that in the traditional method, the error exists in the recovery of the casting point when the cross ink line is used for recovering the inner control point of the subsection to cast upwards, the floor ink line cannot be stored for a long time due to the influence of the construction environment, and the like. Meanwhile, the defect that the conventional method is used for centering the fine leveling instrument again for many times due to shaking of the legs of the measuring instrument frame body caused by the influence of external environment when the internal control point is guided and measured is overcome. The method adopts the forced centering observation pier which can be finely adjusted, does not need to erect instrument frame legs, does not need to center, and can carry out axis control network measurement work by leveling an instrument placed on the forced centering observation pier. The precision of the control point casting in the axis is greatly improved, and the purpose of precise measurement is achieved.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the principles of the invention, as various modifications and additions may be made to the specific embodiments described, or similar thereto, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The method for precisely measuring the control point in the high-rise building is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, segmentation: dividing the building into a plurality of sections according to a predetermined rule based on a preset building height;
step 2, setting up an observation pier: determining an initial internal control point of a first floor slab to be tested, arranging reinforced concrete columns on two sides of the initial internal control point, casting a concrete slab above the reinforced concrete columns, and forming holes on the concrete slab at positions corresponding to the initial internal control point;
step 3, forced centering: the forced centering mechanism is arranged at the position of the concrete slab open hole, and the laser plumb aligner is arranged above the forced centering mechanism and leveled, so that the center point of the forced centering mechanism and the laser point of the laser plumb aligner emitting port are positioned on the same axis with the initial internal control point;
step 4, internal control casting: taking the initial internal control point as a reference, reserving a wire transmitting hole at a corresponding position of each floor slab, and vertically casting the point position of each floor slab to each section floor through the wire transmitting hole;
step 5, internal control normalization: and (3) aligning the internal control points of the segmented floor slab to be detected with the initial internal control points again, repeating the operation steps 2 to 4, and the like based on the segmentation number.
2. The method for precisely measuring the control point in the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined rule in the step 1 is that the building is segmented by taking 50 meters as a segment height.
3. The method for precisely measuring the control point in the high-rise building according to claim 2, wherein when the floor height is greater than 50 meters and is an integer multiple of 50 meters, the number of segments is an integer multiple value;
when the floor height is greater than 50 meters and is an integer multiple of 50 meters, and there is a remainder, the number of segments is the sum of the integer multiple plus one.
4. The method for precisely measuring the control point in the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the center of the opening in the step 2 is on the same axis as the initial control point.
5. The method for precisely measuring the control point in the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein after the forced centering in the step 3 is completed, a template is supported based on the current determined position, and the cast concrete is wrapped by the forced centering mechanism.
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| CN202310981693.6A CN116989756A (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Accurate measurement method for casting control points in high-rise building |
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| CN202310981693.6A CN116989756A (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Accurate measurement method for casting control points in high-rise building |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101592481A (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2009-12-02 | 中冶集团华冶资源开发有限责任公司 | Laser internal control vertical section measuring method of high-rise building |
| CN104634315A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-20 | 大连市勘察测绘研究院有限公司 | Multilayer floor layering horizontal displacement monitoring system |
| CN105021171A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-04 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Floor axis control point vertical projective measurement system and projective measurement method |
| CN105575249A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-11 | 大连大学 | High-rise building axis projection measurement teaching model |
| CN105973215A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-09-28 | 宝钢钢构有限公司 | System and method for plumb bob positioning and measuring through laser plumb aligner |
| CN108253950A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-06 | 乐清市建设监理有限公司 | A kind of supervision control method of high-rise building engineering survey |
-
2023
- 2023-08-07 CN CN202310981693.6A patent/CN116989756A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101592481A (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2009-12-02 | 中冶集团华冶资源开发有限责任公司 | Laser internal control vertical section measuring method of high-rise building |
| CN104634315A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-20 | 大连市勘察测绘研究院有限公司 | Multilayer floor layering horizontal displacement monitoring system |
| CN105021171A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-04 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Floor axis control point vertical projective measurement system and projective measurement method |
| CN105575249A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-11 | 大连大学 | High-rise building axis projection measurement teaching model |
| CN105973215A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-09-28 | 宝钢钢构有限公司 | System and method for plumb bob positioning and measuring through laser plumb aligner |
| CN108253950A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-06 | 乐清市建设监理有限公司 | A kind of supervision control method of high-rise building engineering survey |
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