CN116984404B - Movable multi-section thin tungsten wire heating module and high-strength thin tungsten wire drawing equipment - Google Patents
Movable multi-section thin tungsten wire heating module and high-strength thin tungsten wire drawing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116984404B CN116984404B CN202310948710.6A CN202310948710A CN116984404B CN 116984404 B CN116984404 B CN 116984404B CN 202310948710 A CN202310948710 A CN 202310948710A CN 116984404 B CN116984404 B CN 116984404B
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 title description 34
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 57
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a movable multi-section filament heating module which comprises a heating part and a moving part, wherein the heating part can move along the moving part in a direction perpendicular to the trend of a filament, and comprises a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, wherein the second temperature zone is arranged at the downstream of the first temperature zone along the filament running direction. Through setting up corresponding structure and making the heating module can remove in the direction that the perpendicular to tungsten filament trend, and then make at tungsten filament threading in-process, heating portion can begin preheating in step, and then can save time, raise the efficiency, and can effectively improve the security when threading the operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tungsten filament preparation, in particular to a movable multi-section filament tungsten filament heating module and high-strength filament tungsten filament drawing equipment.
Background
The tungsten filament is a filament produced by forging and drawing a tungsten bar, and is mainly used in electric light sources such as incandescent lamps, halogen tungsten lamps and the like, and can also be used as high-speed cutting alloy steel or used in optical instruments, chemical instruments and the like. In order to improve the high temperature creep resistance of tungsten filaments, a small amount of oxides of dispersion strengthening elements such as potassium, silicon, aluminum and rare metals are usually added in the process of smelting the tungsten filaments to form a dovetail joint-shaped interlocking internal grain structure, and the tungsten filaments are called doped tungsten filaments (Doped Tungsten Wi re). Doped tungsten filaments are also known as 218 tungsten filaments or Non-sagging tungsten filaments (Non-sag Tungsten Wi re).
The production process of the doped tungsten wire comprises the main stages of tungsten smelting, powder metallurgy blank making and plastic processing. The plastic working mainly adopts rotary forging (rotary forging), rolling, drawing and other modes. Tungsten has a high plastic-brittle transition temperature and shows obvious brittleness at low temperature or room temperature, so that the tungsten wire needs to be heated to a certain temperature in the plastic processing process, and the tungsten wire can be layered due to the fact that the temperature is too low, meanwhile, the surface fiber of the tungsten wire can be crushed, and high concentration of stress is caused, so that a tungsten wire fracture source is caused. Therefore, reasonable drawing temperature is a key to ensuring processability and filament winding performance of tungsten filaments. In addition, in the practical application process, graphite emulsion is usually coated on the surface of the tungsten wire before the tungsten wire is drawn, so that the tungsten wire is heated, and on the other hand, the water in the graphite emulsion can be evaporated, so that the graphite powder is uniformly attached to the surface of the tungsten wire. This factor is also fully considered during the heating process, since the moisture evaporation process also affects the tungsten filament temperature. In the existing wire drawing equipment, the temperature control precision of the heating module is low, and under the influence of the evaporation of the water in the graphite emulsion, the actual temperature of the tungsten wire can be lower than the expected temperature, so that the performance of the tungsten wire is influenced.
In addition, the drawing of tungsten filament has rough drawing and fine drawing according to the size of filament diameter. The wire diameter is generally above 0.25mm during rough drawing, and a hard alloy wire drawing die is usually adopted. When the wire diameter is smaller than 0.25mm during fine drawing, a diamond die is adopted for drawing. The drawing temperature ranges from coarse to fine about 1200-400 c. As the wire diameter decreases, the heating temperature should be continuously decreased and the wire drawing speed should be increased accordingly. At present, tungsten wire drawing is performed by using tungsten wire drawing machines and other devices, in the existing tungsten wire drawing devices, an indirect electric heating mode is mostly adopted when fine drawing is performed, the heating speed is low, the set temperature can be reached only by preheating for a long time, and the heating temperature is difficult to accurately adjust according to the wire diameter of the tungsten wire, so that the tensile strength and the elongation of the finally generated tungsten wire can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of some or all of the problems of the prior art, a first aspect of the present invention provides a removable multi-segment filament heating module comprising:
The heating part can move along the moving part in a direction perpendicular to the trend of the tungsten filament, adopts a multi-section heating mode and comprises a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, wherein the second temperature zone is arranged at the downstream of the first temperature zone along the tungsten filament wiring direction; and
And a moving part.
Further, the heating part comprises an upper half part and a lower half part which are parallel or basically parallel, the tungsten wire passes through the space between the upper half part and the lower half part, and the heating device is arranged in or on the inner part or the surface of the upper half part and/or the lower half part.
Further, the moving part includes:
a guide rail arranged above or below the tungsten wire trace and perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the tungsten wire;
a slider provided on the surface of the upper half or the lower half of the heating section;
A ball screw having one end connected to the driving motor and the other end connected to the heating part; and
And driving the motor.
Further, the heating temperature difference between the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone is between 10 ℃ and 100 ℃.
Further, the heating temperature of the second temperature zone is determined according to the wire diameter of the tungsten wire.
Based on the filament heating module as described above, a second aspect of the present invention provides a high strength filament drawing apparatus comprising a multi-segment filament heating module as described above.
Further, the high-strength fine tungsten wire drawing equipment also comprises a paying-off module, a graphite emulsion module, a die module, a cone pulley module and a wire collecting module.
Further, the high-strength tungsten filament drawing device further comprises a guide wheel set, wherein the guide wheel set is arranged between the paying-off module and the graphite emulsion module, and/or between the die module and the cone pulley module.
According to the movable multi-section filament tungsten heating module and the high-strength filament tungsten wire drawing equipment, the corresponding structure is arranged, so that the heating module can move in the direction perpendicular to the trend of the tungsten wire, and further the heating part can synchronously start preheating in the threading process of the tungsten wire, so that time is saved, efficiency is improved, and safety in threading operation can be effectively improved. In addition, the heating is performed in a plurality of different temperature areas, the water in the graphite emulsion coated on the surface of the tungsten wire is rapidly evaporated at a higher temperature in the front section, and the heating temperature is set at the rear section according to the wire diameter of the tungsten wire, so that the temperature of the tungsten wire can be accurately controlled, and the tensile strength and the elongation of the tungsten wire are improved.
Drawings
To further clarify the above and other advantages and features of embodiments of the present invention, a more particular description of embodiments of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. In the drawings, for clarity, the same or corresponding parts will be designated by the same or similar reference numerals.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a high strength filament drawing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a high strength filament drawing apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a multi-stage heated filament heating module according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a mobile heating module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a heating module employing a heating tube in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated heating block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of a guide wheel according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pay-off device according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 9 shows a schematic structural view of a drawing die according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, the present invention is described with reference to various embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other alternative and/or additional methods, materials, or components. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention. Similarly, for purposes of explanation, specific numbers, materials and configurations are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, the invention is not limited to these specific details. Furthermore, it should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are illustrative representations and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention describe the process steps in a specific order, however, this is merely to illustrate the specific embodiment and not to limit the order of the steps. In contrast, in various embodiments of the present invention, the order of the steps may be adjusted according to process adjustments.
In the present invention, the term "high strength tungsten filament" means a tungsten filament having a tensile strength of not less than 5800 MPa. The term "filament" refers to tungsten filaments having a wire diameter of no greater than 36 microns, especially about 28 microns. For example, the fine tungsten filament of the present invention may be an ultrafine tungsten filament having a wire diameter of about 0.4mm to about 0.028mm and a tensile strength of not less than 5800 MPa.
In order to form the tungsten filament with high-strength grain structure, the application improves the existing tungsten filament drawing equipment so as to produce the superfine tungsten filament with the wire diameter not more than 36 micrometers and the tensile strength not less than 5800 MPa. The embodiments of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of a high-strength filament drawing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, a high-strength filament drawing device sequentially comprises a paying-off module 101, a graphite emulsion module 102, a heating module 103, a die module 104, a cone pulley module 105 and a wire collecting module 106 along the filament drawing direction. In order to avoid the shaking of the tungsten filament, a guide wheel set 107 is further disposed between the paying-off module 101 and the graphite emulsion module 102, and/or between the die module 104 and the cone pulley module 105, and the number of guide wheels in the guide wheel set 107 is consistent with the number of wire drawing times, that is, the number of wire drawing dies contained in the die module 104.
The payoff module 101 may adopt an active payoff mode or a passive payoff mode. Fig. 8 shows a schematic structural view of a pay-off device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pay-off module 101 includes a pay-off reel 111, a guide wheel set 112, a fixed lever 113, a swing link 114, a balance 115, a fixed guide wheel 116, a support 117, a motor 118, and a controller (not shown). The pay-off reel 111, the fixed rod 113 and the fixed guide wheel 116 are fixedly arranged on a first side of the supporting frame 117. The pay-off reel 111 is used for placing tungsten wires. The guide wheel set 112 is fixedly arranged at the end of the fixed rod 113 and comprises 2 guide wheel grooves which are arranged in parallel, wherein the first guide wheel groove is far away from the supporting frame 117, and the second guide wheel groove is adjacent to the supporting frame 117. The swing link 114 is movably disposed on a first side of the support 117. The balance 115 is fixedly arranged at the end of the swing link 114. The swing rod 114 can detect the swing angle of the balance wheel 115 and transmit signals to the controller, and then the controller adjusts the active paying-off speed to balance the wire drawing speed. The balance wheel 115 is fixedly connected with the swing rod, the tungsten wire bypasses the balance wheel 115, and the balance wheel 115 and the swing rod 114 can swing up and down under the pulling of the tungsten wire. The motor 118 is located at a second side of the supporting frame 117 opposite to the first side thereof, and is fixedly connected with the pay-off reel 111, so as to drive the pay-off reel 111 to rotate for paying-off. The controller controls the operation of the motor 118, including the controller starting and stopping the motor 118 and adjusting the rotational speed of the motor 8 based on the received signal from the balance 114.
The graphite emulsion plays a role in lubrication and protection in the tungsten filament processing process, if the lubrication performance is poor, the required stretching force is larger, and accordingly, the friction heat between the tungsten filament and a die is increased, so that the temperature difference between the entering die and the exiting die is reduced, and the filament is contracted. Therefore, a layer of graphite emulsion is generally required to be coated on the surface of the tungsten wire by a graphite emulsion module before the tungsten wire is drawn. In one embodiment of the invention, the graphite emulsion module 102 includes a graphite emulsion container, a graphite emulsion tank, a water pump, a tilting tray, a first conduit, a second conduit, and a third conduit. The container is a container with a conical bottom and is used for storing the graphite emulsion, so that the graphite emulsion can flow without residues. The graphite emulsion tube is used for coating graphite emulsion on the surface of a tungsten wire, the upper half part of the graphite emulsion tube is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped wire passing openings, the width of each wire passing opening is 3mm, so that a metal wire passes through the graphite emulsion tube, the graphite emulsion tube is filled with the graphite emulsion, the horizontal plane of the graphite emulsion is not lower than that of the wire passing openings, and when the metal wire passes through the upper opening of the groove wall, a layer of graphite emulsion is covered on the surface. The water pump is used for providing power and is communicated with the graphite emulsion container and the graphite emulsion cylinder through a second pipeline and a third pipeline respectively so as to convey the graphite emulsion in the graphite emulsion container into the graphite emulsion cylinder. The tilting disk is located the below of graphite breast section of thick bamboo, and passes through first pipeline intercommunication with the graphite breast container for accept the graphite breast that flows from the graphite breast section of thick bamboo, and carry graphite breast to the graphite breast container under the action of gravity. The length and width of the inclined disc are larger than those of the graphite emulsion cylinder. In one embodiment of the invention, instead of a graphite breast tube, a graphite breast tank may be used, with a plurality of opposed openings in opposite walls of the tank so that the wire passes through the tank and a layer of graphite breast is applied to the surface of the wire as it passes through the wire passing openings in the walls of the tank.
Since the graphite emulsion coated on the surface of the tungsten filament by the graphite emulsion module 102 is actually a graphite powder suspension, the tungsten filament coated with the graphite emulsion is also heated by the heating module 103 before being fed into the die. On the one hand, the heating module 103 can evaporate moisture in the graphite emulsion, so that the graphite powder is solidified on the surface of the tungsten filament, and on the other hand, the heating module 103 can also enable the tungsten filament to reach a temperature suitable for stretching.
Since the evaporation process of the water in the graphite emulsion also has a certain influence on the temperature of the tungsten filament itself, in one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, at least two temperature zones are disposed along the direction of the tungsten filament in the heating module 103, wherein the first temperature zone is mainly used for fast evaporation of the water, and the second temperature zone is used for adjusting the temperature of the tungsten filament. In order to avoid that the temperature change greatly influences the elongation of the tungsten wire, in one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of temperature transition areas can be arranged between the first temperature area and the second temperature area. In one embodiment of the invention, the first temperature zone is mainly used for evaporating moisture of the graphite emulsion, and the heating of the tungsten filament is mainly completed through the second temperature zone, so that the temperature of the first temperature zone is lower than that of the second temperature zone because the temperature required for evaporating the moisture is generally lower than that of the tungsten filament, and the temperature of the second temperature zone is dynamically adjusted according to the wire diameter of the tungsten filament. In a further embodiment of the invention, the first temperature zone is used both for evaporating moisture from the graphite emulsion and for heating the tungsten filament, and for rapid evaporation of moisture from the graphite emulsion, the temperature of the first temperature zone is higher than the temperature of the second temperature zone, preferably the first temperature zone is 50 ℃ higher than the temperature of the second temperature zone. Suitable drawing temperatures for tungsten filaments are typically between 350 ℃ and 800 ℃ and are related to the wire diameter of the tungsten filament itself, and generally, the required heating temperature should decrease as the wire diameter of the tungsten filament decreases. Based on this, in the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature T of the second temperature zone is dynamically adjusted according to the tungsten wire diameter d in the paying-off module 101:
T＝(-9*103)d2+(4.35*103)d+305，
Wherein the unit of the wire diameter of the tungsten wire is millimeter.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the second temperature zone may be set, for example, between 750 ℃ and 850 ℃ when the tungsten wire is to be drawn from 0.39 mm to 0.18mm wire diameter, between 600 ℃ and 700 ℃ when the tungsten wire is to be drawn from 0.18mm to 0.07 mm wire diameter, and between 400 ℃ and 550 ℃ when the tungsten wire is to be drawn from 0.07 mm to 0.03 mm wire diameter.
Limited by the prior art, the heating module usually needs 30 minutes or even longer to reach the required temperature, and in the process of drawing the tungsten wire, the tungsten wire needs to pass through the heating module, and the wire drawing operation needs to be completed manually, which means that the heating module can only be restarted after the wire drawing is completed, and the overall production efficiency is seriously affected. In order to improve efficiency, in one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the heating module 103 includes a heating part 131 and a moving part 132. Wherein the heating part 131 is movable along the moving part 132 in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the tungsten wire runs. Through this structure makes at tungsten filament threading in-process, heating portion can begin preheating in step, and then save time, raise the efficiency, and can effectively improve the security when threading the operation. Specifically, the heating part 131 includes an upper half and a lower half that are parallel or substantially parallel to each other. The upper half and/or the lower half are/is provided with heating devices, such as heating rods and the like, and the tungsten wires pass through the gap between the upper half and the lower half, so that the tungsten wires can be heated by the heating devices of the upper half and/or the lower half. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first sidewalls of the upper and lower halves are connected to each other, so that the cross section of the heating portion 131 in the direction of the tungsten filament is '匚'. The moving part 132 is used for enabling the heating part 131 to translate along the direction perpendicular to the trend of the tungsten wire. In one embodiment of the present invention, the moving part 132 includes a guide rail, a slider, a ball screw, and a driving motor, wherein the guide rail is disposed above or below the tungsten wire trace and is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the tungsten wire, the slider is disposed on the surface of the upper half or the lower half of the heating part 131, respectively, one end of the ball screw is connected to the driving motor, and the other end of the ball screw is connected to the heating part 131, and the driving motor drives the ball screw to rotate, so that the heating part 131 translates along the guide rail. It should be appreciated that in other embodiments of the invention, other translation mechanisms may be employed to effect movement of the heating portion, such as belt drives, chain drives, or manual operations, for example.
In the process of heating the tungsten wire, because an indirect heating mode is adopted, in order to improve the accuracy of temperature control, the distance between the tungsten wire and the heating module should be as small as possible, but too small a distance may cause the tungsten wire to contact with the heating module, thereby generating damage. To solve this problem, in one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the heating module heats the tungsten filament by using a U-shaped or W-shaped heating tube 501, and both ends of the U-shaped or W-shaped heating tube are compacted by using insulating materials 502 in order to prevent the heating tube 501 from being fluctuated during heating and touching the tungsten filament. The U-shaped or W-shaped heating pipe has high heat efficiency and even heating, and can meet the requirement of tungsten wire drawing on temperature uniformity. In order to ensure temperature uniformity, the insulating material cannot cover the heating pipe too much. In one embodiment of the invention, the distance by which the heating tube is covered by the insulating material is not more than 1/2, preferably 1/4, of the curve length of the U-shaped heating tube or the W-shaped heating tube. In one embodiment of the invention, the heating tube is covered by the insulating material at a distance of between 1.5cm and 2.5cm, preferably 2cm.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, the heating module heats the tungsten filament by using a prefabricated heating block, and the prefabricated heating block has good temperature uniformity. As shown in fig. 6, the prefabricated heating block includes a heating wire 601 and an insulating heat conducting layer 602 covering the heating wire. After the prefabricated heating block is electrified, the heating wire starts to work to generate heat, the insulating heat conducting layer is directly heated through contact, and finally the tungsten wire is heated in a heat radiation mode. In one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the insulating and heat conducting layer is silicon dioxide. In one embodiment of the invention, the prefabricated heating block is made according to the following steps:
Firstly, embedding a heating wire into silicon dioxide powder, and exposing a terminal; and
Next, the silica powder embedded with the heating wire is heated by a high temperature so that sintering occurs between powder particles to form a monolithic prefabricated heating block.
The die module 104 is used for compressing and sizing the tungsten wire to obtain the tungsten wire with the specified wire diameter. In one embodiment of the present invention, the die block 104 includes a wire drawing die and a die holder. The die holder is arranged below the wire drawing die and comprises a heating mechanism, so that the wire drawing die can be heated, and the temperature of the wire drawing die is close to or equal to the temperature of the tungsten wire heated by the heating module 103. In one embodiment of the present invention, the die holder is heated to a temperature between 200 ℃ and 700 ℃.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic structural view of a drawing die according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, in one embodiment of the present invention, the wire drawing die includes a bushing 141 and a die core 142. Wherein the bushing 141 is arranged at the periphery of the mold core 142. The die core 142 is a polycrystalline diamond die core, the diamond content in the polycrystalline diamond die core is 90% -98%, the diamond in the polycrystalline diamond die core comprises nano diamond grains and micron diamond grains, wherein the grain diameter of the nano diamond grains is less than or equal to 50 nanometers, the grain diameter of the micron diamond grains is less than or equal to 10 micrometers, and the mass ratio of the micron diamond grains is less than or equal to 46%. The bushing 141 may be a metal material, for example, cast iron, stainless steel, copper, etc. The center of the bushing 141 and the core 142 has a machining hole through which the tungsten wire is compressed and drawn to a desired diameter during the wire drawing process.
As shown in fig. 9, the tooling holes include a compression zone 143, a sizing zone 144, and an exit zone 145. The compression zone 143, the sizing zone 144, and the outlet zone 145 are sequentially arranged in the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the processing hole, the diameter of the compression zone 143 is gradually reduced in the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the processing hole, and the diameter of the outlet zone 145 is gradually increased in the direction from the inlet to the outlet of the processing hole. The angle of the taper angle θ of the compression zone 143 and/or the outlet zone 145 due to the diameter variation is 18 ° or less, and the length of the sizing zone is 0.3mm or less.
The cone pulley module 105 is disposed at the rear of the die module 104 along the wire-running direction of the tungsten wire, and the sliding friction force between the cone pulley module and the tungsten wire can provide traction force for the tungsten wire, and the tungsten wire drawn by the die is drawn back into the graphite emulsion module after winding the cone pulley module for at least half a circle for the next drawing operation. The cone pulley module 105 comprises a plurality of layers of guide wheels, and the number of layers of the guide wheels is consistent with the number of wiredrawing times, namely the number of wiredrawing dies contained in the die module 104. In the tungsten wire drawing process, as the wire diameter of the tungsten wire is continuously reduced, the required traction force is also reduced, and meanwhile, as the wire diameter is reduced, the length of the tungsten wire is continuously broken, so that in one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of each layer of guide wheels of the cone pulley is gradually increased. In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the guide wheel of each layer is sized in relation to the elongation delta Mould of the tungsten wire, wherein the elongation delta Mould ＝(dn-12-dn2)/dn 2 of the tungsten wire, wherein d n-1 is the wire diameter of the tungsten wire before entering the nth wire drawing die, i.e., before the nth wire drawing, and d n is the wire diameter of the tungsten wire after being drawn through the nth wire drawing die. In one embodiment of the invention, the elongation delta Mould of the tungsten wire is close to the elongation delta Cone pulley of the cone pulley, but is slightly larger than the elongation delta Cone pulley of the cone pulley, namely the ratio delta Mould ：δ Cone pulley is larger than or equal to 1.01, wherein the elongation delta Cone pulley ＝(Dn-Dn-1)/Dn-1 of the cone pulley, wherein D n refers to the diameter of an nth layer of guide pulley. In one embodiment of the invention, the cone pulley module 105 is driven by a motor, and the rotational speed of the cone pulley module may be controlled by a controller connected to the motor. In one embodiment of the invention, the cone pulley module as a whole is controlled by a motor, i.e. the layers of guide wheels rotate synchronously. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the different motors control the layers of the stator of the cone pulley module, thereby controlling different stator speeds according to the desired elongation. In order to improve the wear resistance of the cone pulley module and avoid abrasion of the cone pulley and even pollution of the tungsten wire caused by friction between the tungsten wire and the surface of the cone pulley module in the traction process, in one embodiment of the invention, the cone pulley module is manufactured by adopting cast iron or stainless steel and other materials, and a layer of hard alloy or ceramic is compounded on the surface of the cone pulley module, wherein the hard alloy can be tungsten carbide and the like. Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the cone pulley module is further polished with 600 mesh to 1200 mesh to define its surface roughness in order to provide an optimal coefficient of friction.
As described above, the cone pulley module can adjust the traction force according to the required wire diameter of the tungsten wire, thereby ensuring that the tungsten wire reaches the preset elongation. In a multi-axis control scheme, traction is regulated by rotational speed. However, in the integrated control scheme, since the cone pulley module is taken as a whole, the speeds of the guide wheels of all layers are consistent, if the traction force is controlled only by the diameter of the guide wheels, once the diameter of the required tungsten wire is changed, different cone pulley modules are possibly needed, and the universality of the cone pulley module is greatly reduced. To avoid this, in practice the traction force can be adjusted by controlling the number of turns of the tungsten wire around the cone pulley module. For further control of the adjustment accuracy, in one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, a branching guide wheel 108 may also be provided in front of the cone pulley module. The tungsten wire extruded by the wire drawing die sequentially winds the wire dividing guide wheel and the cone pulley module, and then the contact length of the tungsten wire and the cone pulley module can be adjusted by taking half circle as step, so that the traction force is adjusted. Since the traction force does not generally need to be continuously adjusted in the last drawing, the number of the splitting guide wheels is generally smaller than the number of layers of the cone pulley module, preferably one less than the number of guide wheels of the cone pulley module.
The guide wheel set 107 includes a plurality of guide wheels, and in one embodiment of the present invention, the guide wheels include a bearing and a housing, where the housing is penetratingly connected to the bearing, and may be driven by the bearing to rotate. In order to avoid shaking of the tungsten wire during the wire drawing process of the tungsten wire and thus to influence the straightness of the tungsten wire, in one embodiment of the invention, the housing comprises a v-shaped wire passing groove. As shown in fig. 7, the bottom of the wire passing groove includes an arc section, and the width of the arc section is slightly larger than the wire diameter of the tungsten wire, for example, the width of the arc section may be in the range of 110% to 130% of the wire diameter of the tungsten wire, and the arrangement of conical surfaces on two sides can guide the metal wire to fall into the bottom of the wire passing groove and can effectively avoid the tungsten wire from falling off from the guide wheel. In order to avoid friction between the tungsten wire and the guide wheel during the wire drawing process to damage the guide wheel, in one embodiment of the invention, a shell of the guide wheel is made of a high polymer polyester material. Furthermore, in order to increase stability, in one embodiment of the invention, the guide wheel comprises at least two bearings, wherein the at least two bearings are arranged concentrically.
Based on the structure of the high-strength fine tungsten wire drawing equipment, the fine drawing of the tungsten wire can be realized, the wire diameter of the tungsten wire can be generally increased from 0.39 millimeter to about 35 microns, and the whole fine drawing process usually needs to pass through 25 to 35 dies, so that if the high-strength fine tungsten wire drawing equipment is adopted, the fine drawing can be completed through multiple operations. Wherein each operation comprises:
Firstly, setting the heating temperature of the heating module 103 according to the current wire diameter of the tungsten wire, and preheating;
Next, threading operation is performed, so that the tungsten filament sequentially passes through the paying-off module 101, the graphite emulsion module 102, the heating module 103, the die module 104 and the cone pulley module 105, wherein the tungsten filament passes through the first wire drawing die first, and is wound around the first layer of the cone pulley module for a designated number of turns, then is wound around the graphite emulsion module 102, and the like, and is pulled out of the high-strength fine tungsten filament drawing device through the wire winding module 106 after the last layer of the cone pulley module for a designated number of turns. Wherein in order to avoid the swaying of tungsten wires, a guide wheel group 107 is also arranged between the paying-off module 101 and the graphite emulsion module 102, and/or between the mould module 104 and the cone pulley module 105. In order to improve the stress adjustment progress, a branching guide wheel 108 may be disposed in front of the cone pulley module 105. In addition, if a movable heating module is adopted, threading operation can be completed while the heating module is preheated;
Next, starting the device, so that the tungsten wire starts to drive along a preset path, namely, enters the graphite emulsion module 102 at first, further coats graphite emulsion on the surface uniformly, and then heats in the heating module 103, on the one hand dries the graphite emulsion water, on the other hand, enables the tungsten wire to reach a drawing temperature, and enables the tungsten wire reaching a specified temperature to be drawn and extruded through a drawing die, and returns to the graphite emulsion module after bypassing the cone pulley module, and the next drawing is continued; and
Finally, after the operation is finished, the die module is replaced, the temperature of the heating module is reset, and the operation is continued until the preset tungsten wire diameter is reached.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation. It will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that various combinations, modifications, and variations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present invention as disclosed herein should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A removable multi-segment filament heating module comprising:
a heating part configured to be movable along a moving part in a direction perpendicular to the trend of the tungsten filament, the heating part comprising an upper half and a lower half which are parallel or substantially parallel to each other, wherein a heating device is arranged inside or on the surface of the upper half and/or the lower half, the tungsten filament passes through a gap between the upper half and the lower half, and the heating device comprises a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, wherein the second temperature zone is arranged downstream of the first temperature zone along the tungsten filament running direction; and
A moving part comprising:
A guide rail which is arranged above or below the tungsten wire trace and is vertical or basically vertical to the tungsten wire;
a slider provided on the surface of the upper half or the lower half of the heating section;
A ball screw having one end connected to the driving motor and the other end connected to the heating part; and
And driving the motor.
2. The multi-segment filament heating module of claim 1, wherein the heating temperature difference between the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone is between 10 ℃ and 100 ℃.
3. The multi-segment filament heating module of claim 1, wherein the heating temperature difference between the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone is 50 ℃.
4. A multi-segment filament heating module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating temperature of the second temperature zone is determined based on the filament diameter.
5. The multi-segment tungsten filament heating module of claim 1 further comprising at least one transition temperature zone disposed between the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone.
6. A high strength filament drawing apparatus comprising a multi-segment filament heating module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The high strength tungsten filament drawing apparatus according to claim 6 further comprising a payoff module, a graphite emulsion module, a die module, a cone pulley module, and a take-up module.
8. The high strength tungsten filament drawing apparatus according to claim 7 further comprising a set of guide wheels disposed between the payout module and the graphite emulsion module, and/or the die module and the cone pulley module.
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| CN202310948710.6A CN116984404B (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Movable multi-section thin tungsten wire heating module and high-strength thin tungsten wire drawing equipment |
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| CN202310948710.6A CN116984404B (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Movable multi-section thin tungsten wire heating module and high-strength thin tungsten wire drawing equipment |
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| CN116984404A (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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