CN116979183A - Active safety protection device, protection system and automobile for thermal runaway of power battery system - Google Patents

Active safety protection device, protection system and automobile for thermal runaway of power battery system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN116979183A
CN116979183A CN202210429567.5A CN202210429567A CN116979183A CN 116979183 A CN116979183 A CN 116979183A CN 202210429567 A CN202210429567 A CN 202210429567A CN 116979183 A CN116979183 A CN 116979183A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
power battery
refrigerant
unit
vehicle
thermal runaway
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210429567.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴斌
于卓弘
严鹏
李鹏
唐善政
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Youpao Automotive Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Youpao Automotive Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Youpao Automotive Technology Shanghai Co Ltd filed Critical Youpao Automotive Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210429567.5A priority Critical patent/CN116979183A/en
Publication of CN116979183A publication Critical patent/CN116979183A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a thermal runaway active safety protection device of a power battery system, which is used for carrying out safety protection on a vehicle-mounted power battery unit, and comprises the following components: the air conditioner comprises an air conditioner unit, a first control unit, a refrigerant transmission pipeline and a vehicle controller; the air conditioning unit is communicated with the vehicle-mounted power battery unit through a refrigerant transmission pipeline; the first control unit is arranged on the refrigerant transmission pipeline and is in an off state under the conventional condition; a sensor and an explosion-proof device are arranged in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit; when the working state detected by the sensor reaches an early warning state, the explosion-proof device is flushed by the air pressure in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit, and the vehicle controller controls the first control unit to be started so that the refrigerant generated by the air conditioner unit enters the vehicle-mounted power battery unit through the refrigerant transmission pipeline. The technical scheme solves the problems that high-temperature gas and particles cannot be discharged and cannot be cooled down quickly, and achieves the effect of protecting secondary thermal runaway.

Description

Active safety protection device, protection system and automobile for thermal runaway of power battery system
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a thermal runaway active safety protection device and system for a power battery system and an automobile.
Background
With the rapid development of the new energy automobile industry, a power battery serving as an electric automobile heart becomes a research hot spot. The lithium ion battery is widely applied to the field of electric automobiles due to the advantages of high voltage, high specific energy, good cycle performance, cleanliness, no pollution and the like. As the market demand for high energy density power cell systems increases, so does the safety requirements for power cells.
In the prior art, a plurality of battery modules and hundreds of battery core monomers are often arranged in one battery pack, and once one of the battery core monomers or one of the battery modules is subjected to thermal runaway ignition, the battery pack can be rapidly expanded to other battery modules and then spread to the whole battery box, so that the whole battery pack is ignited. Meanwhile, when the battery is out of control, heat in the battery box is quickly accumulated, so that the internal temperature and the air pressure of the battery box are rapidly increased, and if the air pressure and the heat in the box cannot be quickly released, the battery box can be possibly exploded, and finally the safety of vehicles and passengers is endangered.
In the prior art, the thermal runaway protection between battery modules in a battery pack mostly adopts a mode of adding heat insulation materials between the battery modules, and simultaneously, an explosion-proof valve is opened for exhausting and a water circulation is opened for cooling the battery. For high-temperature gas and high-temperature particles in the lithium ion battery pack, the fire extinguishing device is arranged in the battery box body, and the lithium ion battery pack is started when the lithium ion battery pack is in substantial thermal runaway, so that the heat diffusion of the lithium ion battery pack is effectively delayed or prevented. The following problems exist in installing fire extinguishing devices in battery packs: occupying the space in the battery pack and affecting the charge quantity; the device has certain failure probability and has the problem of incapability of starting or misoperation; the cost is higher, and the higher whole vehicle cost is increased.
Therefore, developing an alternative to the explosion-proof device is a technical focus to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a thermal runaway active safety protection device of a power battery system, a protection system and an automobile, which are used for solving the problems that residual high-temperature gas and high-temperature smoke particles in an on-board power battery unit cannot be discharged and the inside of the on-board power battery cannot be cooled rapidly.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a thermal runaway active safety device for a power battery system for safety protection of an on-board power battery unit, comprising: the air conditioner comprises an air conditioner unit, a first control unit, a refrigerant transmission pipeline and a vehicle controller; wherein:
the air conditioning unit is communicated with the vehicle-mounted power battery unit through the refrigerant transmission pipeline; the air conditioning unit is used for generating a refrigerant and transmitting the refrigerant to the vehicle-mounted power battery unit through the refrigerant transmission pipeline;
the first control unit is arranged on the refrigerant transmission pipeline and used for controlling the on-off of the refrigerant transmission pipeline; and the first control unit is normally in an off state;
a sensor is arranged in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit, and an explosion-proof device is arranged on a shell of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit; the sensor is used for detecting the working state of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit;
when the working state detected by the sensor reaches an early warning state, an alarm signal is sent to the whole vehicle controller;
the explosion-proof device is used for being flushed by the air pressure in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit when the working state of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit reaches the early warning state so as to discharge the air in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit;
and the vehicle controller waits for a preset time to send a control signal after receiving the alarm signal, and controls the first control unit to be started so that the refrigerant generated by the air conditioning unit enters the vehicle-mounted power battery unit through the refrigerant transmission pipeline.
Optionally, the vehicle-mounted power battery unit further comprises a heat insulation material;
the vehicle-mounted power battery unit comprises a plurality of battery modules;
the heat insulation material is arranged between the adjacent battery modules; for blocking heat transfer between the battery modules.
Optionally, the number of the sensors is a plurality of the explosion-proof devices;
each battery module is provided with at least one sensor for detecting the working state of the corresponding battery module;
each battery module is provided with at least one explosion-proof device.
Optionally, the refrigerant transmission pipeline includes a refrigerant transmission trunk and a plurality of refrigerant transmission branches, wherein the number of the refrigerant transmission branches corresponds to the number of the battery modules; the first control unit comprises a first total control unit and a plurality of sub-control units; the first total control unit is arranged on the refrigerant transmission trunk and used for controlling the on-off of the refrigerant transmission trunk; each refrigerant transmission branch is respectively provided with a branch control unit; the first total control unit and the plurality of sub control units are in a disconnection state under the conventional condition and are controlled by the whole vehicle controller; the first end of each refrigerant transmission branch is communicated with a corresponding battery module, the second end of each refrigerant transmission branch is connected with the first end of the refrigerant transmission trunk, and the second end of each refrigerant transmission trunk is communicated with the air conditioning unit;
when a certain sensor detects that the working state of the corresponding battery module reaches the early warning state, sending the alarm signal to the whole vehicle controller; and the explosion-proof devices corresponding to the corresponding battery modules are flushed by the air pressure in the battery modules so as to discharge the air in the battery modules;
and the vehicle controller waits for a preset time to send a control signal after receiving the alarm signal, and controls the first total control unit and the sub control units on the refrigerant transmission branches corresponding to the corresponding battery modules to be started so that the refrigerant generated by the air conditioner unit enters the corresponding battery modules through the refrigerant transmission trunk and the corresponding refrigerant transmission branches.
Optionally, the active safety device for thermal runaway of the power battery system further comprises:
the first end of the refrigerant storage unit is communicated with the air conditioning unit, the second end of the refrigerant storage unit is communicated with the refrigerant transmission trunk, and the refrigerant storage unit is positioned between the air conditioning unit and the first total control unit; the refrigerant storage unit is used for storing the refrigerant;
the second control unit is arranged on the refrigerant transmission link; the second control unit is arranged between the air conditioning unit and the refrigerant storage unit; the second control unit is used for controlling the on-off of a refrigerant transmission path between the air conditioning unit and the refrigerant storage unit.
Optionally, the sensor is an air pressure sensor, and the working state is a working air pressure value.
Optionally, the active safety device for thermal runaway of the power battery system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first total control unit, the several sub-control units and the second control unit are stop valves; the refrigerant storage unit is a refrigerant storage.
Optionally, the active safety device for thermal runaway of a power battery system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the explosion-proof device is an explosion-proof valve.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a thermal runaway active safety protection system for a power battery system, comprising the thermal runaway active safety protection device for a power battery system according to any one of the first aspects of the present application, and a fire extinguishing device, wherein:
the fire extinguishing device is arranged in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit and is used for being matched with the active thermal runaway safety device of the power battery system to conduct thermal runaway protection.
According to a third aspect of the application, a new energy automobile is provided, which comprises the active safety protection system for thermal runaway of the power battery system according to the second aspect of the application.
According to a fourth aspect of the present application, there is provided a new energy automobile comprising the active thermal runaway safety device for a power battery system according to any one of the first aspects of the present application.
The application provides a thermal runaway active safety protection device of a power battery system, wherein a refrigerant transmission pipeline is arranged between an air conditioner unit and a vehicle-mounted power battery unit, so that the air conditioner unit and the vehicle-mounted power battery unit are communicated; the first control unit is arranged on the refrigerant transmission pipeline and is controlled by the vehicle-mounted controller; under the normal use state, the first control unit is in a closed state, so that the refrigerant in the air conditioning unit cannot enter the vehicle-mounted power battery; when the working state detected by the sensor in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit reaches an early warning state, an alarm signal is sent to the whole vehicle controller; meanwhile, the explosion-proof device on the shell of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit is flushed by the air pressure in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit, so that the air in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit is discharged; the vehicle controller waits for a preset time to send a control signal after receiving the alarm signal, and controls the first control unit to be started so that the refrigerant enters the vehicle-mounted power battery unit through the refrigerant transmission pipeline; therefore, the low-temperature refrigerant can rapidly and effectively discharge high-temperature gas and high-temperature smoke particles remained in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit, and simultaneously can rapidly cool the interior of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit; the problem that residual high-temperature gas and high-temperature smoke particles in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit cannot be discharged and the interior of the vehicle-mounted power battery cannot be rapidly cooled is solved, and the effect of reducing the occurrence probability of the secondary thermal runaway hazard is achieved. In addition, the technical scheme provided by the application is that only one section of refrigerant transmission pipeline and the first control unit are needed to be added in the air conditioning unit, so that the manufacturing cost is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a thermal runaway active safety device for a power battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a thermal runaway active safety device for a power battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a thermal runaway active safety device for a power battery system according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a thermal runaway active safety device for a power battery system according to another embodiment of the application;
reference numerals illustrate:
101-an air conditioning unit;
1011-an internal heat exchanger and a liquid-gas separator;
1012-a compressor;
1013 an air cooling device;
1014-evaporator;
1015-a throttle valve;
102-a vehicle-mounted power battery unit;
1021-sensor;
1022-explosion-proof means;
103-a first control unit;
104-a refrigerant transmission pipeline;
105-refrigerant storage unit;
106-a second control unit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
A battery box is arranged in a vehicle-mounted power battery system in the prior art, a vehicle-mounted power battery is arranged in a battery pack in the battery box, the vehicle-mounted power battery is arranged into a plurality of battery modules, and heat insulation materials are arranged between adjacent battery modules to isolate heat transfer in thermal runaway of the battery; the vehicle-mounted power battery system is also provided with a sensor, an explosion-proof valve, a water cooling device and a fire extinguishing device; when the sensor detects that the vehicle-mounted power battery in the battery pack is out of control, the explosion-proof valve is opened to discharge gas in the battery pack, and the water cooling device is opened to perform water circulation so as to cool the battery; and by starting the fire extinguishing device arranged in the battery box body, a large amount of powder is released to discharge high-temperature gas and high-temperature particles generated by the internal thermal runaway of the battery pack, so that the thermal diffusion of the battery pack is effectively delayed or prevented.
However, the vehicle-mounted power battery system in the prior art has a certain failure probability and has the problem of incapability of starting or false alarm. Once the false alarm occurs, a large amount of powder released by the fire extinguishing device fills the battery pack, and the battery pack is scrapped and cannot be used; the fire extinguishing device is arranged in the battery pack, occupies the space in the battery pack, and influences the charge quantity; in addition, the fire extinguishing device is installed in the automobile, so that the cost is high, and the whole automobile cost is increased.
In view of this, the inventor of the present application proposes a active safety device for thermal runaway of a power battery system, in which a refrigerant pipeline is disposed between an air conditioning system and a vehicle-mounted power battery system to introduce a refrigerant in the air conditioning system, so as to prevent occurrence of a secondary thermal runaway hazard while ensuring that other components in the vehicle-mounted power battery system are not damaged when false alarm occurs; and space utilization of the battery within the vehicle-mounted power battery system is maximized.
The technical scheme of the application is described in detail below by specific examples. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes.
Referring to fig. 1-2, in an embodiment of the present application, a thermal runaway active safety device of a power battery system is provided, for safety protection of a vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102, including: an air conditioning unit 101, a first control unit 103, a refrigerant transmission pipeline 104 and a vehicle control unit; wherein:
the air conditioning unit 101 is communicated with the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 through the refrigerant transmission pipeline 104; the air conditioning unit 101 is configured to generate a refrigerant, and transmit the refrigerant to the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 through the refrigerant transmission pipeline 104; in a specific embodiment, the refrigerant is a CO2 refrigerant;
the first control unit 103 is arranged on the refrigerant transmission pipeline 104 and is used for controlling the on-off of the refrigerant transmission pipeline 104; and the first control unit 103 is normally in an off state;
a sensor 1021 is arranged in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102, and an explosion-proof device 1022 is arranged on a shell of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102; the sensor 1021 is configured to detect a working state of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102; in one embodiment, the explosion-proof device 1022 is an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof valve is provided with a layer of film, and when the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 reaches a certain degree, the film is broken, so that the effect of exhausting and pressure relief is realized. Of course, other explosion-proof devices 1022 are also possible, the application is not limited thereto, and any implementation form of the explosion-proof device 1022 is within the scope of the application;
when the working state detected by the sensor 1021 reaches an early warning state, an alarm signal is sent to the whole vehicle controller; in one embodiment, the sensor 1021 is a barometric pressure sensor, and the operating state is an operating barometric pressure value. Of course, it may be other sensors 1021, and the application is not limited thereto, and any implementation form of the sensor 1021 is within the scope of the application;
wherein, a BMS controller is also arranged between the sensor 1021 and the whole vehicle controller, so that an alarm signal is sent out from the sensor 1021, transmitted by the controller and finally uploaded to the whole vehicle controller;
the explosion-proof device 1022 is configured to be flushed by air pressure in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 when the working state of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 reaches the pre-warning state, so as to exhaust air in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102;
the vehicle controller waits for a preset time to send a control signal after receiving the alarm signal, and controls the first control unit 103 to be turned on, so that the refrigerant generated by the air conditioning unit 101 enters the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 through the refrigerant transmission pipeline 104.
Preferably, the inlet of the refrigerant transmission pipeline 104 on the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 is as far away from the exhaust port of the explosion-proof device 1022 as possible, so as to ensure that the refrigerant in the low-temperature gas state is effectively discharged to high-temperature gas, and effectively cool the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102.
The preset time refers to: during a period of time from when the explosion-proof device 1022 is turned on to when the pressure in the in-vehicle power battery unit 102 is balanced with the external atmospheric pressure; thus, after the explosion-proof device 1022 sufficiently discharges the gas inside thereof, the first control unit 103 is turned on to allow the refrigerant to enter the inside of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102; since the refrigerant in the air conditioning unit 101 is gasified under the atmospheric pressure environment, the refrigerant enters the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 in a low-temperature gaseous state, and the active safety device for thermal runaway of the power battery system is shown in fig. 1.
The specific structure of the air conditioning unit 101 is described as follows: an air cooling device 1013, a compressor 1012, an internal heat exchanger and liquid-gas separator 1011, and an evaporator 1014; wherein the air cooling device 1013 includes an air cooler and a fan; the air cooling device 1013, the compressor 1012, the internal heat exchanger and the liquid-gas separator 1011 and the evaporator 1014 are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the air cooling device 1013 and the evaporator 1014 are connected with the liquid-gas separator 1011 through the internal heat exchanger, so as to form a circulation loop; a throttle valve 1015 is connected between the evaporator 1014 and the internal heat exchanger and the liquid-gas separator 1011; the air conditioning unit 101 is configured to generate a refrigerant.
The refrigerant transmission pipeline 104 is communicated with a pipeline between the evaporator 1014 and the throttle valve 1015, wherein a high-pressure liquid refrigerant is filled in the pipeline, and when the first control unit 103 is opened, the refrigerant is released into the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 as a refrigerant pressure relief port, and the power battery system thermal runaway active safety device with the detailed specific structure of the air conditioning unit 101 is shown in fig. 2.
The application provides a power battery system thermal runaway active safety protection device, which is characterized in that a refrigerant transmission pipeline 104 is arranged between an air conditioner unit 101 and a vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102, a first control unit 103 is arranged on the refrigerant transmission pipeline 104, and when the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 is in thermal runaway, the first control unit 103 is started so that a refrigerant enters the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 through the refrigerant transmission pipeline 104; thereby rapidly discharging high-temperature gas and high-temperature smoke particles remained in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 and simultaneously cooling the interior of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102; the problems that the residual high-temperature gas and high-temperature smoke particles in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 cannot be discharged and the interior of the vehicle-mounted power battery cannot be rapidly cooled are solved, and the effect of reducing the occurrence probability of the secondary thermal runaway hazard is achieved. In addition, the technical scheme provided by the application only needs to add a section of refrigerant transmission pipeline 104 and the first control unit 103 to the air conditioning unit 101, so that the manufacturing cost is low.
In the prior art, a fire extinguishing device is usually installed in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 to prevent the occurrence of a secondary thermal runaway hazard, and when a sensor 1021 gives a false alarm, a large amount of powder released by the fire extinguishing device fills the interior of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102, and part of the components in the interior of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit are scrapped and cannot be used; compared with the prior art, the refrigerant in the technical scheme provided by the application is in a gas state after entering the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102, other components in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 are not damaged, and only the explosion-proof device 1022 is needed to be replaced, the first control unit 103 is closed, and the refrigerant is refilled, so that the other components in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 are not needed to be replaced. In addition, compared with the fire extinguishing device in the prior art, the refrigerant in the application is directly sourced from the air conditioning unit 101 of the automobile, and does not occupy the space in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102, so that the space utilization rate of the battery in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 is ensured to be maximized while the occurrence of the damage of secondary thermal runaway is prevented.
In one embodiment, the in-vehicle power battery unit 102 further comprises an insulating material;
the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 comprises a plurality of battery modules;
the heat insulation material is arranged between the adjacent battery modules; for blocking heat transfer between the battery modules.
In one embodiment, the number of the sensors 1021 is a plurality, and the number of the explosion-proof devices 1022 is a plurality;
at least one sensor 1021 is arranged in each battery module and used for detecting the working state of the corresponding battery module;
at least one explosion-proof device 1022 is disposed corresponding to each battery module.
In one embodiment, the refrigerant transmission pipeline 104 includes a refrigerant transmission trunk and a plurality of refrigerant transmission branches, where the number of the refrigerant transmission branches corresponds to the number of the battery modules; the first control unit 103 includes a first total control unit and a plurality of sub-control units; the first total control unit is arranged on the refrigerant transmission trunk and used for controlling the on-off of the refrigerant transmission trunk; each refrigerant transmission branch is respectively provided with a branch control unit; the first total control unit and the plurality of sub control units are in a disconnection state under the conventional condition and are controlled by the whole vehicle controller; the first end of each refrigerant transmission branch is communicated with a corresponding battery module, the second end of each refrigerant transmission branch is connected with the first end of the refrigerant transmission trunk, and the second end of each refrigerant transmission trunk is communicated with the air conditioning unit 101;
when a certain sensor 1021 detects that the working state of the corresponding battery module reaches the early warning state, sending the alarm signal to the whole vehicle controller; and the explosion-proof devices 1022 corresponding to the corresponding battery modules are flushed by the air pressure in the battery modules to exhaust the air in the battery modules;
the vehicle controller waits for a preset time to send a control signal after receiving the alarm signal, and controls the first total control unit and the sub-control units on the refrigerant transmission branches corresponding to the corresponding battery modules to be started, so that the refrigerant generated by the air conditioner unit 101 enters the corresponding battery modules through the refrigerant transmission trunk and the corresponding refrigerant transmission branches.
In one embodiment, the first overall control unit may be provided with only one; in other embodiments, to further avoid the risk of unexpected leakage of the refrigerant into the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102, the first total control unit may also be a plurality of first total control units.
Referring to fig. 3-4, (fig. 4 shows an active safety device for thermal runaway of a power battery system after the detailed structure of an air conditioning unit 101 is further shown in fig. 4), in another embodiment of the present application, to increase the capacity of the refrigerant, an active safety device for thermal runaway of a power battery system is provided, which further includes:
a refrigerant storage unit 105, a first end of which is communicated with the air conditioning unit 101, a second end of which is communicated with the refrigerant transmission trunk, and the refrigerant storage unit 105 being located between the air conditioning unit 101 and the first overall control unit; the refrigerant storage unit 105 is used for storing the refrigerant;
the refrigerant storage unit 105 is a refrigerant storage. In one embodiment, the coolant reservoir is made of an aluminum alloy material or a copper alloy material.
In one embodiment, the refrigerant storage is a metal high-pressure container, and the metal high-pressure container is in a high-pressure state, so that the refrigerant can be ensured to be in a liquid state and easy to store.
A second control unit 106 disposed on the refrigerant transmission path; and the second control unit 106 is disposed between the air conditioning unit 101 and the refrigerant storage unit 105; the second control unit 106 is configured to control on/off of a refrigerant transmission path between the air conditioning unit 101 and the refrigerant storage unit 105.
In one embodiment, only one second control unit 106 may be provided; in other embodiments, the number of the second control units 106 may be several to avoid the refrigerant leaking into the refrigerant storage unit 105.
In one embodiment, the power cell system thermal runaway active safety device of any one of the preceding embodiments, the first overall control unit, the number of sub-control units, the second control unit 106 are shut-off valves;
according to an embodiment of the present application, there is also provided a new energy automobile including the active thermal runaway safety device for a power battery system according to any one of the foregoing embodiments of the present application.
Next, according to another embodiment of the present application, there is also provided a thermal runaway active safety protection system for a power battery system, including the thermal runaway active safety protection device for a power battery system and the fire extinguishing device according to any one of the foregoing embodiments of the present application, wherein:
the fire extinguishing device is arranged in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit 102 and is used for being matched with the active thermal runaway safety protection device of the power battery system to conduct thermal runaway protection.
In addition, according to another embodiment of the present application, a new energy automobile is provided, which includes the active thermal runaway safety protection system for a power battery system according to the foregoing embodiment of the present application.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application.

Claims (11)

1. A power battery system thermal runaway initiative safety device for carry out safety protection to on-vehicle power battery cell, characterized in that includes: the air conditioner comprises an air conditioner unit, a first control unit, a refrigerant transmission pipeline and a vehicle controller; wherein:
the air conditioning unit is communicated with the vehicle-mounted power battery unit through the refrigerant transmission pipeline; the air conditioning unit is used for generating a refrigerant and transmitting the refrigerant to the vehicle-mounted power battery unit through the refrigerant transmission pipeline;
the first control unit is arranged on the refrigerant transmission pipeline and used for controlling the on-off of the refrigerant transmission pipeline; and the first control unit is normally in an off state;
a sensor is arranged in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit, and an explosion-proof device is arranged on a shell of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit; the sensor is used for detecting the working state of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit;
when the working state detected by the sensor reaches an early warning state, an alarm signal is sent to the whole vehicle controller;
the explosion-proof device is used for being flushed by the air pressure in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit when the working state of the vehicle-mounted power battery unit reaches the early warning state so as to discharge the air in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit;
and the vehicle controller waits for a preset time to send a control signal after receiving the alarm signal, and controls the first control unit to be started so that the refrigerant generated by the air conditioning unit enters the vehicle-mounted power battery unit through the refrigerant transmission pipeline.
2. The active thermal runaway safety device of a power cell system according to claim 1, wherein,
the vehicle-mounted power battery unit further comprises a heat insulation material;
the vehicle-mounted power battery unit comprises a plurality of battery modules;
the heat insulation material is arranged between the adjacent battery modules; for blocking heat transfer between the battery modules.
3. The active safety device for thermal runaway of a power battery system according to claim 2, wherein the number of the sensors is a plurality of the explosion-proof devices;
each battery module is provided with at least one sensor for detecting the working state of the corresponding battery module;
each battery module is provided with at least one explosion-proof device.
4. The active thermal runaway safety device of claim 3, wherein the refrigerant transmission line comprises a refrigerant transmission trunk and a plurality of refrigerant transmission branches, wherein the number of the refrigerant transmission branches corresponds to the number of the battery modules; the first control unit comprises a first total control unit and a plurality of sub-control units; the first total control unit is arranged on the refrigerant transmission trunk and used for controlling the on-off of the refrigerant transmission trunk; each refrigerant transmission branch is respectively provided with a branch control unit; the first total control unit and the plurality of sub control units are in a disconnection state under the conventional condition and are controlled by the whole vehicle controller; the first end of each refrigerant transmission branch is communicated with a corresponding battery module, the second end of each refrigerant transmission branch is connected with the first end of the refrigerant transmission trunk, and the second end of each refrigerant transmission trunk is communicated with the air conditioning unit;
when a certain sensor detects that the working state of the corresponding battery module reaches the early warning state, sending the alarm signal to the whole vehicle controller; and the explosion-proof devices corresponding to the corresponding battery modules are flushed by the air pressure in the battery modules so as to discharge the air in the battery modules;
and the vehicle controller waits for a preset time to send a control signal after receiving the alarm signal, and controls the first total control unit and the sub control units on the refrigerant transmission branches corresponding to the corresponding battery modules to be started so that the refrigerant generated by the air conditioner unit enters the corresponding battery modules through the refrigerant transmission trunk and the corresponding refrigerant transmission branches.
5. The active thermal runaway safety device of a power battery system of claim 4, further comprising:
the first end of the refrigerant storage unit is communicated with the air conditioning unit, the second end of the refrigerant storage unit is communicated with the refrigerant transmission trunk, and the refrigerant storage unit is positioned between the air conditioning unit and the first total control unit; the refrigerant storage unit is used for storing the refrigerant;
the second control unit is arranged on the refrigerant transmission link; the second control unit is arranged between the air conditioning unit and the refrigerant storage unit; the second control unit is used for controlling the on-off of a refrigerant transmission path between the air conditioning unit and the refrigerant storage unit.
6. The active thermal runaway safety device of claim 5,
the sensor is an air pressure sensor, and the working state is a working air pressure value.
7. The active thermal runaway safety device of a power battery system according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the first overall control unit, the number of sub-control units, the second control unit are shut-off valves; the refrigerant storage unit is a refrigerant storage.
8. The active thermal runaway safety device of a power cell system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the explosion protection device is an explosion protection valve.
9. A power battery system thermal runaway active safety protection system, comprising the power battery system thermal runaway active safety protection device and fire extinguishing device of any one of claims 1-8, wherein:
the fire extinguishing device is arranged in the vehicle-mounted power battery unit and is used for being matched with the active thermal runaway safety device of the power battery system to conduct thermal runaway protection.
10. A new energy automobile, characterized by comprising the active safety protection system for thermal runaway of the power battery system according to claim 9.
11. A new energy automobile, characterized by comprising the active safety protection device for thermal runaway of a power battery system according to any one of claims 1-8.
CN202210429567.5A 2022-04-22 2022-04-22 Active safety protection device, protection system and automobile for thermal runaway of power battery system Pending CN116979183A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210429567.5A CN116979183A (en) 2022-04-22 2022-04-22 Active safety protection device, protection system and automobile for thermal runaway of power battery system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210429567.5A CN116979183A (en) 2022-04-22 2022-04-22 Active safety protection device, protection system and automobile for thermal runaway of power battery system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116979183A true CN116979183A (en) 2023-10-31

Family

ID=88473578

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210429567.5A Pending CN116979183A (en) 2022-04-22 2022-04-22 Active safety protection device, protection system and automobile for thermal runaway of power battery system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116979183A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110199406B (en) Battery system
US11133539B2 (en) Cooling system and method
EP3607611B1 (en) Cooling system and method
US8679659B2 (en) Temperature control of a vehicle battery
JP5405037B2 (en) Battery device
TWI750487B (en) Thermal management system for independent high-power electric equipment
US9088057B2 (en) Battery charging system and method of thereof
KR20160100953A (en) Device and method for monitoring an energy store and energy store having the device
CN102271939A (en) Device for cooling the batteries of an especially electric vehicle and vehicle comprising such a device
EP3723157A1 (en) Secondary battery
WO2013006121A1 (en) A battery safety arrangement for a motor vehicle
CN109585946A (en) Li-ion batteries piles thermal runaway processing system and method
JP7506157B2 (en) Thermal runaway detection method and battery management system
CN109638386A (en) A kind of automobile and heating and power battery heating system and method
CN115832487A (en) Battery pack, cooling control method for battery pack, cooling control device, apparatus, and medium
CN112838294A (en) Phase-change material, embedded cold-tube lithium battery, thermal management and runaway suppression system
CN116979183A (en) Active safety protection device, protection system and automobile for thermal runaway of power battery system
CN219498021U (en) Power battery pack and electric equipment
CN218391946U (en) Battery fire extinguishing system, battery and electric device
CN209087944U (en) Li-ion batteries piles cooling system
CN215496839U (en) Phase-change material, embedded cold-tube lithium battery, thermal management and runaway suppression system
CN110957549A (en) Battery pack fire-fighting system of electric automobile
KR20210009626A (en) Battery rack and energy storage system comprising the same
CN219016522U (en) Battery thermal runaway testing machine
CN116943070A (en) Vehicular battery cooling fire-fighting system and control method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination