CN116973550B - Explosion parameter determining method based on advanced geological drilling - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a blasting parameter determining method based on advanced geological drilling, in the method, a model is optimized by integrating and analyzing an image recognition result and geological drilling data and utilizing a machine learning algorithm and data analysis so as to provide a basis for blasting parameters of a subsequent face, so that reasonable blasting parameters are obtained, and the reasonable blasting parameters have positive effects on improving the blasting effect, so that the technical scheme of the application is beneficial to improving the blasting effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation, in particular to a blasting parameter determining method based on advanced geological drilling.
Background
At present, a tunnel drilling and blasting method is generally adopted for excavating a tunnel, an excavated surface can be blasted in the process of excavating by the tunnel drilling and blasting method, and blasting parameters are generally set according to experience during blasting, but due to the fact that geology of the excavated surface is complex, blasting effects of the blasting parameters set through experience are poor, the problems of large over-underexcavated quantity, difficult erection of a steel arch, serious surrounding rock damage, deterioration of surrounding rock mechanical property, damage of rock stratum bearing capacity, stability and the like can occur after blasting, and therefore the difficulty of subsequent construction is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the application provides a blasting parameter determining method based on advanced geological drilling to improve blasting effect.
The embodiment of the application provides a blasting parameter determining method based on advanced geological drilling, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a first face image of a last face of a first face currently excavated by a tunnel drilling and blasting method, acquiring a first blasting parameter when blasting is carried out in the process of obtaining the first face currently excavated by the tunnel drilling and blasting method, and acquiring first mechanical working data obtained when surrounding rock is subjected to advanced geological drilling by using a three-arm drilling trolley in the process of obtaining the first face currently excavated by the tunnel drilling and blasting method, wherein the first face image is shot from the first face on a preset distance, and the first face image comprises the complete first face;
aiming at each group of characteristic parameter combinations in a plurality of preset characteristic parameter combinations, according to target characteristic parameters included in the group of characteristic parameter combinations, characteristic parameters on corresponding characteristics in the first face image are adjusted to obtain a second face image corresponding to the group of characteristic parameter combinations, and the first face image and the plurality of second face images are used as candidate images;
for each candidate image, carrying out image analysis on geological features of the candidate image to obtain a first surrounding rock physical feature, a first surrounding rock weathering feature and a first groundwater feature corresponding to the candidate image;
determining a first quantized value corresponding to each surrounding rock sub-physical feature, a second quantized value corresponding to the first surrounding rock weathering feature and a third quantized value corresponding to the first groundwater feature, which are included by the first surrounding rock physical feature, according to the first surrounding rock physical feature, the first surrounding rock weathering feature and the quantization grading table corresponding to the first groundwater feature;
inputting the first quantized value, the second quantized value, the third quantized value, the first mechanical working data and the first blasting parameter into a specified neural network model as a training sample to obtain a first value for representing the lithology of the block corresponding to the candidate image and a second value for representing the undermining corresponding to the candidate image;
after obtaining a first value and a second value corresponding to a preset number of candidate images, calculating a first mean square error of the first value corresponding to the preset number of candidate images and a second mean square error of the second value corresponding to the preset number of candidate images, judging whether the first mean square error and the second mean square error are smaller than the corresponding preset values, and if not, adjusting the numbers of weight matrixes, threshold matrixes and hidden layer neurons in the neural network model until the first mean square error of the first value and the second mean square error of the second value output by the neural network model are smaller than the preset values;
inputting second blasting parameters obtained by performing orthogonal design experiments on the blasting parameters set for the first tunnel face, second mechanical working data, fourth quantized values corresponding to all surrounding rock physical characteristics included in second surrounding rock physical characteristics of a third tunnel face image of the first tunnel face, fifth quantized values corresponding to second surrounding rock weathering characteristics of the third tunnel face image and sixth quantized values corresponding to second groundwater characteristics of the third tunnel face image into an adjusted neural network model as input parameters to obtain candidate Dan Kuaidu and candidate super-underexcavation quantity, wherein the second mechanical working data are obtained when the surrounding rock of the first tunnel face is subjected to advanced geological drilling by using a three-arm drilling trolley;
and according to the candidate Dan Kuaidu and the candidate super-underexcavated volume corresponding to each second blasting parameter, selecting target blasting parameters meeting a preset stone degree range and a preset super-underexcavated volume range from the second blasting parameters, and blasting the first face to obtain a second face, wherein the second face is the next face to be excavated by using a tunnel drilling and blasting method on the basis of the first face.
Optionally, the first machine operation data and the second machine operation data each include:
the rotating speed, torque and drilling speed of the three-arm rock drilling jumbo.
Optionally, the combination of characteristic parameters includes at least one of the following characteristics: a face shape feature and a face color feature.
Optionally, each surrounding rock sub-physical feature included in the first surrounding rock physical feature and each surrounding rock sub-physical feature included in the second surrounding rock physical feature include: formation strike, joint statistics and/or fracture statistics;
the first and second surrounding rock weathering characteristics each include a surrounding rock weathering degree;
the first groundwater feature and the second groundwater feature each include whether to dry or not, and a water outlet state.
Optionally, the first blasting parameter and the second blasting parameter each include:
the depth of the blastholes, the number of blastholes, the uncoupled coefficient and the dosage of single Kong Hao.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can comprise the following beneficial effects:
according to the application, the model is optimized by integrating and analyzing the image recognition result and the geological drilling data and utilizing the machine learning algorithm and the data analysis, so that a basis is provided for the blasting parameters of the subsequent face, and further the reasonable blasting parameters are obtained, and the reasonable blasting parameters have positive effects on improving the blasting effect, so that the technical scheme of the application is beneficial to improving the blasting effect.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a blasting parameter determination method based on advanced geological drilling according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
The following description is given of the tunnel drilling and blasting method:
the general process of tunnel drilling and blasting excavation comprises the following steps: the advanced geological drilling and blasting two basic processes, wherein advanced geological drilling is firstly carried out and then blasting is carried out, the advanced geological drilling can provide a blasting basis for subsequent blasting, blasting parameters are required to be set during blasting, the excavated surface is blasted after the setting is finished, a face is obtained after the blasting is finished, after the face is obtained, the next face is obtained by continuously adopting a tunnel drilling and blasting method, until a tunnel is finished, if the blasting effect is good, the ultra-short excavation amount and the stone degree are relatively small, and the subsequent construction difficulty is reduced.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a blasting parameter determining method based on advanced geological drilling according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
step 101, acquiring a first face image of a last face of a first face currently excavated by a tunnel drilling and blasting method, acquiring a first blasting parameter when blasting is performed in the process of obtaining the first face currently excavated by the tunnel drilling and blasting method, and acquiring first mechanical working data obtained when surrounding rock is subjected to advanced geological drilling by using a three-arm drilling trolley in the process of obtaining the first face currently excavated by the tunnel drilling and blasting method, wherein the first face image is obtained by shooting a preset distance from the first face, and the first face image comprises the complete first face.
Step 102, for each set of feature parameter combinations in the preset plurality of feature parameter combinations, according to the target feature parameters included in the set of feature parameter combinations, adjusting feature parameters on corresponding features in the first face image to obtain a second face image corresponding to the set of feature parameter combinations, and taking the first face image and the plurality of second face images as candidate images.
And 103, carrying out image analysis on the geological features of each candidate image to obtain a first surrounding rock physical feature, a first surrounding rock weathering feature and a first groundwater feature corresponding to the candidate image.
Step 104, determining a first quantization value corresponding to each surrounding rock sub-physical feature included by the first surrounding rock physical feature, a second quantization value corresponding to the first surrounding rock weathering feature and a third quantization value corresponding to the first groundwater feature according to the first surrounding rock physical feature, the first surrounding rock weathering feature and the quantization grading table corresponding to the first groundwater feature.
Step 105, inputting the first quantized value, the second quantized value, the third quantized value, the first mechanical working data and the first blasting parameter as a training sample into a specified neural network model, to obtain a first value for representing the lithology of the block corresponding to the candidate image and a second value for representing the underrun corresponding to the candidate image.
And 106, after obtaining a first value and a second value corresponding to a preset number of candidate images, calculating a first mean square error of the first value corresponding to the preset number of candidate images and a second mean square error of the second value corresponding to the preset number of candidate images, judging whether the first mean square error and the second mean square error are smaller than the corresponding preset values, and if not, adjusting the weight matrix, the threshold matrix and the number of hidden layer neurons in the neural network model until the first mean square error of the first value and the second mean square error of the second value output by the neural network model are smaller than the preset values.
And 107, inputting second blasting parameters obtained by performing orthogonal design experiments on the blasting parameters set for the first face, second mechanical working data, a fourth quantized value corresponding to each surrounding rock physical feature included in the second surrounding rock physical feature of the third face image of the first face, a fifth quantized value corresponding to the second surrounding rock weathering feature of the third face image and a sixth quantized value corresponding to the second groundwater feature of the third face image into an adjusted neural network model as input parameters to obtain candidate Dan Kuaidu and candidate super-under-excavation, wherein the second mechanical working data are obtained when geological drilling is performed on the surrounding rock of the first face by using a three-arm rock drill trolley.
And 108, according to the candidate Dan Kuaidu and the candidate super-undermining amount corresponding to each second blasting parameter, selecting target blasting parameters meeting a preset stone degree range and a preset super-undermining amount range from the second blasting parameters, and blasting the first tunnel face to obtain a second tunnel face, wherein the second tunnel face is the next tunnel face to be excavated by a tunnel drilling and blasting method on the basis of the first tunnel face.
Specifically, in order to obtain enough samples for training the model, after the first face image is obtained, the first face image needs to be deformed on the basis of the first face image, so that a plurality of characteristic parameter combinations can be preset, then parameters on corresponding characteristics in the first face image are adjusted through each characteristic parameter combination, so that a second face image is obtained, after the enough second face image is obtained, enough candidate images are obtained, so that a plurality of groups of training samples are obtained, and the model is better trained.
Because of the geological conditions of the tunnel that need to be considered during the blasting process, after the candidate images are obtained, the candidate images need to be analyzed to obtain the geological conditions corresponding to each candidate image, including but not limited to physical characteristics of surrounding rock, weathering characteristics of surrounding rock and characteristics of groundwater, and then the characteristics are quantified.
After the above features are quantified, the quantified data, first mechanical working data obtained when the three-arm drilling trolley is used for advanced geological drilling of surrounding rock in the process of obtaining the first working face, and blasting parameters obtained when blasting is performed in the process of obtaining the first working face are used as training samples to train the neural network model, and each group of data is input to obtain a group of values, wherein each group of values comprises a first value for representing the block stone degree corresponding to the candidate image and a second value for representing the super-underexcavation amount corresponding to the candidate image, and the first working face is the working face which is currently subjected to blasting and advanced geological drilling.
After a certain set of first values and second values are obtained, calculating a first mean square error of all first values obtained at present and a second mean square error of all second values obtained at present, and judging whether the first mean square error and the second mean square error are smaller than preset values, for example: if the weights, the threshold matrix and the hidden layer neurons in the neural network model are all smaller than 0.1, the weights, the threshold matrix and the hidden layer neurons in the neural network model are relatively smaller than the current tunnel environment, if the weights, the threshold matrix and the hidden layer neurons in the neural network model are not smaller than the current tunnel environment, the weights, the threshold matrix and the hidden layer neurons in the neural network model are required to be adjusted, a certain number of training samples are continuously input after the adjustment is finished, then a first numerical value of a second batch and a second numerical value of the second batch are obtained, then the first mean square error of all the first numerical values in the second batch and the second mean square error of all the second numerical values in the second batch are calculated, and whether the first mean square error and the second mean square error corresponding to the second batch are smaller than preset numerical values is judged, if the weights, the threshold matrix and the hidden layer neurons in the neural network model are not smaller than the current tunnel environment is stopped, and the weights, the threshold matrix and the hidden layer neurons in the neural network model are continuously adjusted until the first mean square error and the second mean square error of the first numerical value and the second mean square error of the second numerical value of the first numerical value and the second numerical value of the second numerical value are smaller than the preset numerical value.
Because the first face is obtained by excavating by using a tunnel drilling and blasting method on the basis of the last face, the process of obtaining the first face can be used as a reference for obtaining the second face, and then the neural network model can be trained by using the related content of the first face, so that the trained neural network model is used for predicting blasting parameters of the first face, in order to obtain relatively reasonable blasting parameters, orthogonal design is carried out on the blasting parameters of the first face, thereby obtaining a plurality of second blasting parameters, then each second blasting parameter, second mechanical working data obtained when advanced geological drilling is carried out on surrounding rocks of the first face by using a three-arm drill jumbo, and a fourth quantized value corresponding to each surrounding rock physical feature included by the second surrounding rock physical feature of the first face image, a fifth quantized value corresponding to the second surrounding rock feature of the third face image and a sixth ground water feature corresponding to the third face image are used as candidate parameters, and then the blasting parameters are more reasonably required to be input to the candidate models, and the candidate blasting parameters are more than the candidate parameters are more reasonably determined, and the candidate blasting parameters are more required to be more than the candidate blasting parameters and 35: and for a second blasting parameter, judging whether the candidate stone block degree corresponding to the second blasting parameter is in a preset stone block degree range, judging whether the candidate super-underexcavation amount corresponding to the second blasting parameter is in a preset super-underexcavation amount range, if so, taking the second blasting parameter as a target blasting parameter, and blasting the first tunnel face by using the target blasting parameter to obtain a second tunnel face.
The fourth quantized value, the fifth quantized value, and the sixth quantized value are obtained similarly using the quantization scale table.
According to the application, the model is optimized by integrating and analyzing the image recognition result and the geological drilling data and utilizing the machine learning algorithm and the data analysis, so that a basis is provided for the blasting parameters of the subsequent face, and further the reasonable blasting parameters are obtained, and the reasonable blasting parameters have positive effects on improving the blasting effect, so that the technical scheme of the application is beneficial to improving the blasting effect.
In one possible embodiment, the first and second machine operation data each comprise:
the rotating speed, torque and drilling speed of the three-arm rock drilling jumbo.
In one possible embodiment, the combination of characteristic parameters includes at least one of the following characteristics: a face shape feature and a face color feature.
In a possible embodiment, each of the surrounding rock sub-physical features included in the first surrounding rock physical feature and each of the surrounding rock sub-physical features included in the second surrounding rock physical feature include: formation strike, joint statistics and/or fracture statistics; the first and second surrounding rock weathering characteristics each include a surrounding rock weathering degree; the first groundwater feature and the second groundwater feature each include whether to dry or not, and a water outlet state.
In one possible embodiment, the first blasting parameter and the second blasting parameter each comprise:
the depth of the blastholes, the number of blastholes, the uncoupled coefficient and the dosage of single Kong Hao.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote like items, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation of it is required in the following figures, and furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are used merely to distinguish one description from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited thereto, and that the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions. Are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for determining blasting parameters based on advanced geological drilling, the method comprising:
acquiring a first face image of a last face of a first face currently excavated by a tunnel drilling and blasting method, acquiring a first blasting parameter when blasting is carried out in the process of obtaining the first face currently excavated by the tunnel drilling and blasting method, and acquiring first mechanical working data obtained when surrounding rock is subjected to advanced geological drilling by using a three-arm drilling trolley in the process of obtaining the first face currently excavated by the tunnel drilling and blasting method, wherein the first face image is shot from the first face on a preset distance, and the first face image comprises the complete first face;
aiming at each group of characteristic parameter combinations in a plurality of preset characteristic parameter combinations, according to target characteristic parameters included in the group of characteristic parameter combinations, characteristic parameters on corresponding characteristics in the first face image are adjusted to obtain a second face image corresponding to the group of characteristic parameter combinations, and the first face image and the plurality of second face images are used as candidate images;
for each candidate image, carrying out image analysis on geological features of the candidate image to obtain a first surrounding rock physical feature, a first surrounding rock weathering feature and a first groundwater feature corresponding to the candidate image;
determining a first quantized value corresponding to each surrounding rock sub-physical feature, a second quantized value corresponding to the first surrounding rock weathering feature and a third quantized value corresponding to the first groundwater feature, which are included by the first surrounding rock physical feature, according to the first surrounding rock physical feature, the first surrounding rock weathering feature and the quantization grading table corresponding to the first groundwater feature;
inputting the first quantized value, the second quantized value, the third quantized value, the first mechanical working data and the first blasting parameter into a specified neural network model as a training sample to obtain a first value for representing the lithology of the block corresponding to the candidate image and a second value for representing the undermining corresponding to the candidate image;
after obtaining a first value and a second value corresponding to a preset number of candidate images, calculating a first mean square error of the first value corresponding to the preset number of candidate images and a second mean square error of the second value corresponding to the preset number of candidate images, judging whether the first mean square error and the second mean square error are smaller than the corresponding preset values, and if not, adjusting the numbers of weight matrixes, threshold matrixes and hidden layer neurons in the neural network model until the first mean square error of the first value and the second mean square error of the second value output by the neural network model are smaller than the preset values;
inputting second blasting parameters obtained by performing orthogonal design experiments on the blasting parameters set for the first tunnel face, second mechanical working data, fourth quantized values corresponding to all surrounding rock physical characteristics included in second surrounding rock physical characteristics of a third tunnel face image of the first tunnel face, fifth quantized values corresponding to second surrounding rock weathering characteristics of the third tunnel face image and sixth quantized values corresponding to second groundwater characteristics of the third tunnel face image into an adjusted neural network model as input parameters to obtain candidate Dan Kuaidu and candidate super-underexcavation quantity, wherein the second mechanical working data are obtained when the surrounding rock of the first tunnel face is subjected to advanced geological drilling by using a three-arm drilling trolley;
and according to the candidate Dan Kuaidu and the candidate super-underexcavated volume corresponding to each second blasting parameter, selecting target blasting parameters meeting a preset stone degree range and a preset super-underexcavated volume range from the second blasting parameters, and blasting the first face to obtain a second face, wherein the second face is the next face to be excavated by using a tunnel drilling and blasting method on the basis of the first face.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first machine operation data and the second machine operation data each comprise:
the rotating speed, torque and drilling speed of the three-arm rock drilling jumbo.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the combination of feature parameters includes at least one of the following features: a face shape feature and a face color feature.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second surrounding rock physical features comprises: formation strike, joint statistics and/or fracture statistics;
the first and second surrounding rock weathering characteristics each include a surrounding rock weathering degree;
the first groundwater feature and the second groundwater feature each include whether to dry or not, and a water outlet state.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first blasting parameter and the second blasting parameter each comprise:
the depth of the blastholes, the number of blastholes, the uncoupled coefficient and the dosage of single Kong Hao.
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