CN116973251A - Novel sample boundary instantaneous following open loop loading method, system and terminal - Google Patents
Novel sample boundary instantaneous following open loop loading method, system and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 146
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing equipment, and discloses a novel sample boundary instantaneous following open-loop loading method, a system and a terminal, wherein a sample is arranged between two reaction frames through bolts, a loading oil cylinder is arranged at one end of the sample, the loading oil cylinder is connected with the reaction frames and the sample through springs, the loading oil cylinder adopts a specially designed high-speed reaction structure design, and the oil cylinder is divided into two parts, a rod cavity and a rodless cavity; the front end is provided with a loading piston part of the front-end oil cylinder, and the rod cavity is connected with the auxiliary oil tank through a large-flow valve; the rear end is a rodless cavity of the quick response device and is connected with high-pressure gas of the energy accumulator group. The invention can provide large tonnage boundary load of the sample, and can truly reflect the stress condition of the actual full-scale structural member; when the sample is impacted to generate instantaneous large deformation, the system can respond instantaneously and supplement boundary load to realize follow-up loading; through the design of the series oil tank, the heat dissipation of the oil source is accelerated while the oil quantity required by large-tonnage loading is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing equipment, and particularly relates to a novel sample boundary instantaneous following open loop loading method, system and terminal.
Background
At present, the structural design mainly considers the static load of the structure in the service process, but under the actual condition, the structure can also be subjected to unexpected dynamic loads such as vehicles, ships and even missiles, and the life cycle of the structure and the life and property safety of people are seriously threatened. In the existing test method, the sample is an equal-proportion reduced sample, which is not an original-size sample, the boundary load required by the reduced-scale sample is very small, the requirements on the functions and parameter indexes of a boundary loading system are relatively low, the sample boundary loading mode and system are relatively simple, and the loading oil cylinder and spring are only placed at one end of the sample, so that the loading boundary condition requirements of static test and small-energy impact test can be met.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows:
1. the sample is reduced in an equal proportion, the size of the boundary loading force required by the sample is reduced, meanwhile, the boundary loading force is scaled according to a certain proportion, the requirements of the tonnage of the oil cylinder, the following loading speed, the system reaction time, the oil quantity and the like required by the response load are reduced after the boundary load is reduced, and the requirements of the whole boundary loading equipment and the whole boundary loading system are reduced in response. However, due to the difference between the reduced-scale test piece and the full-scale test piece, the reduced-scale test cannot reflect the actual stress condition of the original-size test piece under the external large-tonnage load, and a full-scale structural member high-energy impact test needs to be developed;
2. the boundary loading load required by the high-energy impact test of the full-scale structural member is larger, and in addition, the test piece rapidly sags to generate large deformation under the transient impact due to the larger impact energy of the test, and the boundary is displaced and deflected. The boundary loading system needs to react in a very short time, hydraulic oil is rapidly released in the process of sample boundary deformation, and the pushing length and direction of the oil cylinder are adjusted so as to ensure constant instantaneous boundary loading load. At present, the instantaneous following loading of large tonnage load can not be satisfied only by arranging the oil cylinder and the spring, and the loading boundary condition can not be kept constant, so that the high-energy impact test result of the full-scale component is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method and system.
The invention is realized by loading one end of the sample with a constant pressure prior to impact testing. When the sample is tested, the sample can bend and deform under the action of impact load, so that the pressure of the sample end can be reduced and changed, and for the accuracy of the test process, when the pressure measured by the test system is slightly changed, a control valve of the hydraulic system can be opened to instantaneously supplement hydraulic oil and nitrogen to the oil cylinder, so that the constant pressure of the sample end is maintained. Because the impact load acts on the sample for about ten milliseconds, a complete set of experimental processes such as pressure monitoring, control valve opening, oil and gas replenishment, pressure maintenance and the like are completed in about ten milliseconds.
Further, the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method comprises the following steps: the sample is installed between two reaction frames through the bolt, and a loading oil cylinder is placed at one end of the sample, and is connected with the reaction frames and the sample through springs, and the loading oil cylinder adopts a specially designed high-speed reaction structural design, and is divided into two parts, namely a rod cavity and a rodless cavity.
Further, the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method further comprises the following steps: the front end is provided with a loading piston part of the front-end oil cylinder, and the rod cavity is connected with the auxiliary oil tank through a large-flow valve; the rear end is a rodless cavity of the quick response device and is connected with high-pressure gas of the energy accumulator group.
Further, when the test is carried out, the front end of the piston props against the sample, the ejection force is 600 tons at maximum, and the maximum stroke of the piston is 500 millimeters; the two cavities of the rear rodless cavity keep an oil-gas balance state; when the device is used for impact test, the sample is instantaneously deformed and contracted under the action of impact force, the pressure of the oil cylinder and the pressure of the contact end of the sample instantaneously drops, the control system detects the pressure drop change through the pressure sensor and sends out a control signal, hydraulic oil and high-pressure gas in the rear cavity of the loading oil cylinder are controlled to quickly push the piston to move forwards so as to continuously keep the test force constant, and the following loading speed of the loading oil cylinder can reach 7m/s.
Further, the hydraulic oil with a rod cavity of the loading oil cylinder can flow back to the auxiliary oil tank through the high-flow oil drain port. The pressure of the oil cylinder system is calculated by the control system, so that the loading force value can be controlled to be more than 80% of the constant load-keeping force.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel sample boundary transient following loading system applying the novel sample boundary transient following loading method, the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading system comprising:
the device comprises an auxiliary oil tank, a loading oil cylinder, an energy accumulator group, a hydraulic source and a spring.
Auxiliary oil tank: when the loading oil cylinder rapidly loads, hydraulic oil in a piston rod cavity of the loading oil cylinder is rapidly pushed out and flows back to the auxiliary oil tank through the large-diameter oil pipe, and oil return of an oil return pipe is free of resistance.
Loading oil cylinder: the 600 ton loading oil cylinder adopts a specially designed high-speed reaction structure design, the oil cylinder is divided into two parts, the front end of the oil cylinder is a loading piston part, and a rod cavity is connected with a secondary oil tank through a large-flow valve; the rear end is a quick response device which is connected with the high-pressure gas of the energy accumulator group. When in test, the front end of the piston props against the sample, and the two cavities at the rear end keep the oil-gas balance state. The front end is depressurized, and the high-pressure gas in the rear cavity can quickly push the piston to move forward so as to reach a new stable position. The pressure of the oil cylinder system can control the load force value to be more than 80% through calculation, and the load retention force calculation is performed: 600 ton hydro-cylinder: cylinder diameter: 520mm, a rod diameter of 480mm and a stroke of 500mm; the maximum passive loading speed is 7m/s and the stroke is 70mm.
Calculated: cylinder loading area (rodless cavity): 212264mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Oil return area (rod chamber): 31400mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Flow rate required for rodless chamber: 89150L/min; oil return chamber flow rate: 13188L/min.
An accumulator set: the energy accumulator group is a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder group, and is connected with the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder through a high-pressure pipeline, and the flow speed of the high-pressure gas is greater than that of the hydraulic oil. When the pressure change occurs due to the pressure loss at the front end of the piston, the accumulator is used for releasing the high pressure in other moments to push the oil cylinder piston to work instantaneously.
And (3) a hydraulic source: the hydraulic oil storage device is formed by combining hydraulic accessories such as an oil tank, hydraulic oil, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a high-flow servo valve, a motor, an oil pump and the like, and provides high-speed and high-flow hydraulic oil for an oil cylinder, and the hydraulic oil storage device is matched with an energy accumulator group to provide high-speed power for the oil cylinder.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method.
The invention further aims at providing an information data processing terminal which is used for realizing the novel sample boundary instantaneous following open loop loading system.
In combination with the technical scheme and the technical problems to be solved, the technical scheme to be protected has the following advantages and positive effects:
firstly, the invention can provide large tonnage boundary load of the sample by designing the dynamic hydraulic following loading system, and can truly reflect the stress condition of the actual full-scale structural member. After the sample is prefabricated and maintained, the sample is hoisted to a drop hammer test area and combined with a large counter-force frame to prepare an impact test. At this time, the dynamic loading oil cylinder is arranged on the long-term loading device mechanism, and the hydraulic following system, the control system and the dynamic loading oil cylinder are connected. After the operation preparation is finished, under the control of the control system, the dynamic oil cylinder starts to supply oil, pressure is slowly applied to the sample, meanwhile, under the control of the control system, the static oil cylinder starts to slowly reduce the pressure, and in the process, the control system simultaneously controls the dynamic loading oil cylinder and the static oil cylinder, so that the sample can realize the switching operation of the static oil cylinder under constant pressure.
The 600 ton loading oil cylinder adopts a specially designed high-speed reaction structure design, the oil cylinder is divided into two parts, the front end of the oil cylinder is a loading piston part, and a rod cavity is connected with a secondary oil tank through a large-flow valve; the rear end is a quick response device which is connected with the high-pressure gas of the energy accumulator group. When in test, the front end of the piston props against the sample, and the two cavities at the rear end keep the oil-gas balance state. The front end is depressurized, and the high-pressure gas in the rear cavity can quickly push the piston to move forward so as to reach a new stable position. The pressure of the oil cylinder system can control the loading force value to be more than 80% of the load-keeping force through calculation
Secondly, when the sample is impacted to generate instantaneous large deformation, the system can respond instantaneously and supplement boundary load to realize follow-up loading; through the design of the series oil tanks, the heat dissipation of the oil source is accelerated while the oil quantity required by large-tonnage loading is ensured, and meanwhile, the use quantity of the oil tanks can be reasonably adjusted according to the change of the tonnage of boundary loading.
Thirdly, as inventive supplementary evidence of the claims of the present invention, the following important aspects are also presented:
1) The instantaneous following and compensation of the boundary pressure of the sample can be realized, and the accuracy and the continuity of the test load are ensured. The pressure change of the sample end is monitored through the detection system, the loading oil cylinder is rapidly regulated to supplement hydraulic oil and high-pressure gas, the instantaneous compensation of the pressure is realized, and the real load condition of the structure in service can be simulated to the maximum extent.
2) The loading following speed of 7m/s can be realized by adopting the specially designed high-speed response loading oil cylinder, and the boundary pressure following requirement of a large structural member under high-speed impact is met.
3) The device is characterized in that a rod cavity and a rodless cavity are separated, the rod cavity provides static load retention force of 600 tons at maximum, and the rodless cavity is used for high-speed response, and is reasonable in structure and stable in performance.
4) By adopting open loop control, the pressure change is monitored in real time through the detection system, the pressure compensation can be realized without feedback, and the control is simple and efficient.
5) The rodless cavity is connected with high-pressure gas of the energy accumulator group, so that large power oil quantity can be provided, and the high-speed response requirement is ensured.
6) The control system can realize more than 80% of constant load retention force and meet the requirements of most long-term load tests.
7) The adopted liquid-gas connection energy source provides more stable power support, and the energy source type does not need to be frequently switched.
8) The whole loading system adopts a modularized design, is simple to operate, meets test requirements of different scales and types, and has stronger universality.
9) The method simplifies the control system while ensuring the loading precision, reduces the cost and has good engineering application prospect.
In conclusion, the novel sample boundary transient following open-loop loading method has good technical effects and economic benefits, and can effectively improve the precision and efficiency of long-term structure and impact load tests.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the overall structure of a novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial block diagram of a novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a reaction frame; 2. a sample; 3. an impact block; 4. an auxiliary oil tank; 5. loading an oil cylinder; 6. an accumulator set; 7. a hydraulic source; 8. a spring; 9. a front-end oil cylinder; 10. and a rear oil cylinder.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a novel sample boundary instantaneous following open loop loading system of a novel sample boundary instantaneous following open loop loading method, which is characterized in that the novel sample boundary instantaneous following open loop loading system comprises: the device comprises an auxiliary oil tank, a loading oil cylinder, an energy accumulator group, a hydraulic source and a spring. The connection relationship is as follows:
1) Auxiliary oil tank: the auxiliary oil tank is connected with a hydraulic source and is used for storing hydraulic oil and circulating the hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil flows into the auxiliary oil tank after being pressurized by the hydraulic source, and is used by the loading oil cylinder and the energy accumulator group.
2) Loading oil cylinder: the loading oil cylinder is connected with the auxiliary oil tank and the energy accumulator group. Hydraulic oil flows into the loading oil cylinder from the auxiliary oil tank, so that the loading oil cylinder generates thrust and applies loading to the sample. The test piece is connected with the movable plate through a hinge and is connected with the bottom plate through a bolt, the static cylinder is fixed on the top plate through a bolt, and an oil pressure sensor is arranged on the static cylinder.
3) An accumulator set: the accumulator group is connected with the auxiliary oil tank and the loading oil cylinder. The accumulator bank is responsible for storing energy and is released when a large amount of hydraulic oil needs to be provided rapidly. During the loading process, the energy accumulator group can quickly release energy to provide enough power for the loading oil cylinder.
4) And (3) a hydraulic source: the hydraulic source is connected with the auxiliary oil tank and is responsible for providing pressure-stable hydraulic oil for the auxiliary oil tank. The hydraulic source can be a hydraulic pump or a pneumatic pump, and proper pressure and flow rate are selected according to the system requirement.
5) And (3) a spring: the spring is connected with the loading oil cylinder and is used for providing restoring force when the system is unloaded. In the unloading process of the loading oil cylinder, the spring can provide a reaction force, so that the loading oil cylinder quickly returns to the initial position, and the response speed of the system is improved.
In summary, the connection relationship of the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading system is: the hydraulic source provides pressure-stable hydraulic oil to the auxiliary oil tank, the auxiliary oil tank conveys the hydraulic oil to the loading oil cylinder and the energy accumulator group, the loading oil cylinder is responsible for applying loading to the sample, the energy accumulator group is responsible for storing energy and rapidly releasing the energy when needed, and the spring is responsible for providing restoring force when the system is unloaded.
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method, system and terminal, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The open loop loading system provided by the embodiment of the invention mainly comprises the following parts: the hydraulic system comprises a secondary oil tank 4, a loading oil cylinder 5, an energy accumulator group 6, a hydraulic source 7 and a spring 8.
The test steps are as follows: the sample 2 is arranged between the two reaction frames 1 through bolts, one end of the sample is provided with a loading oil cylinder 5, the loading oil cylinder 5 is connected with the reaction frames 1 and the sample 2 through a spring 8, the loading oil cylinder 5 adopts a specially designed high-speed reaction structure design, and the oil cylinder is divided into two parts, namely a rod cavity 9 and a rodless cavity 10.
The front end is provided with a loading piston part of the front-mounted oil cylinder 9, and a rod cavity is connected with the auxiliary oil tank 4 through a large-flow valve; the rear end is a rod-free cavity 10 of the quick response device, which is connected with high-pressure gas of the accumulator group 6.
The front end of the piston is propped against the sample 2, (the maximum ejection force is 600 tons, and the maximum stroke of the piston is 500 mm), and the two cavities of the rodless cavity at the rear end keep the oil-gas balance state. When the impact test is performed, the sample 2 is instantaneously deformed and contracted under the action of impact force, the pressure at the contact end of the oil cylinder 5 and the sample 2 is instantaneously reduced, the control system detects the pressure reduction change through the pressure sensor and sends out a control signal, and the hydraulic oil and the high-pressure gas in the rear cavity of the loading oil cylinder 5 are controlled to quickly push the piston to move forward so as to continuously keep the constant test force (the following loading speed of the loading oil cylinder can reach 7 m/s).
Meanwhile, hydraulic oil loaded on a rod cavity of the oil cylinder flows back to the auxiliary oil tank 4 through a high-flow oil drain port. The pressure of the oil cylinder system is calculated by the control system, so that the loading force value can be controlled to be more than 80% of the constant load-keeping force.
The working principle of the open loop loading system provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
1) Test preparation stage: the sample 2 is mounted between the two reaction frames 1 by bolts. One end of which is provided with a loading cylinder 5 which is connected with the reaction frame 1 and the sample 2 through a spring 8. The loading cylinder 5 adopts a specially designed high-speed reaction structure, and the cylinder is divided into a rod cavity 9 and a rodless cavity 10. The rod cavity is connected with the auxiliary oil tank 4 through a large flow valve, and the rodless cavity is connected with high-pressure gas of the accumulator group 6.
2) Impact test stage: when an impact force acts on the sample 2, the sample 2 instantaneously deforms and contracts. At this time, the pressure at the contact end of the loading cylinder 5 with the sample 2 instantaneously drops. The control system detects the pressure drop change through the pressure sensor and sends out a control signal.
3) And (3) an oil cylinder response stage: the control signal enables hydraulic oil and high-pressure gas in the rear cavity of the loading oil cylinder to quickly push the piston to move forwards so as to continuously keep the test force constant. The following loading speed of the loading cylinder 5 can reach 7m/s. Meanwhile, hydraulic oil with a rod cavity of the loading oil cylinder flows back to the auxiliary oil tank 4 through a high-flow oil drain port.
4) Constant load-holding force control: the pressure of the oil cylinder system is calculated by the control system, so that the loading force value can be controlled to be more than 80% of the constant load-keeping force. This means that the test specimen 2 is always in a certain loading state during the test process, so that the actual working conditions are better simulated.
5) End of test: when the impact test is finished, the control system closes the large-flow valve to enable the rod cavity 9 and the rodless cavity 10 of the loading oil cylinder 5 to reach the oil-gas balance state again. The spring 8 provides restoring force when the system is unloaded, so that the loading oil cylinder 5 quickly returns to the initial position, and the response speed of the system is improved.
In summary, the open-loop loading system provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the constancy of the test force through the loading cylinder 5 with quick response when the sample is subjected to the impact force. The system has higher practical value in the aspects of simulating actual working conditions and evaluating material performances.
The following are six specific examples provided by the present invention:
example 1: in impact test of bridge structure, novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method
May be used to simulate the impact load generated by a vehicle striking the bridge Liang Zhushi. Before testing, a constant pressure was applied to the bridge column structure to simulate the static load of the bridge on the bridge column. During the impact test, the control valve of the hydraulic system is adjusted in real time according to the pressure change to maintain a constant pressure at the sample end.
Example 2: in the impact test of an automobile safety airbag, the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method can be used for simulating the protection effect of the airbag on passengers in the impact process. In an embodiment, the test sample represents an automobile airbag and is mounted between two reaction frames by bolts. During the impact test, the control valve of the hydraulic system is adjusted in real time to maintain a constant pressure at the sample end.
Example 3: in the impact test of an aircraft structure, the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method can be used for simulating the impact load suffered by the aircraft during emergency landing or accident. Before testing, a constant pressure is applied to the aircraft structure to simulate the loading of the aircraft in normal flight conditions. During the impact test, the control valve of the hydraulic system is adjusted in real time according to the pressure change to maintain a constant pressure at the sample end.
Example 4: in the earthquake simulation experiment, the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method can be used for simulating the impact load born by the building structure in the earthquake process. A constant pressure is applied to the building structure prior to testing to simulate the static load of the building under normal conditions. During the impact test, the control valve of the hydraulic system is adjusted in real time according to the pressure change to maintain a constant pressure at the sample end.
Example 5: in the impact test of bulletproof materials, the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method can be used for simulating the protection capability of the bulletproof materials when the bulletproof materials are impacted by bullets. Before testing, a constant pressure was applied to the ballistic resistant material to simulate the static loading of the material under normal conditions. During the impact test, the control valve of the hydraulic system is adjusted in real time according to the pressure change to maintain a constant pressure at the sample end.
Example 6: in the impact test of the high-speed train carriage structure, the novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method can be used for simulating the impact load born by the train in the high-speed running process. Before testing, a constant pressure is applied to the car structure to simulate the loading of the train in a normal operating condition. During the impact test, the control valve of the hydraulic system is adjusted in real time according to the pressure change to maintain a constant pressure at the sample end.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method is characterized in that a constant pressure is loaded on one end of a sample before impact test; when the sample is tested, the sample can bend and deform under the action of impact load, so that the pressure of the sample end can be reduced and changed, and for the accuracy of the test process, when the pressure measured by the test system is slightly changed, a control valve of the hydraulic system can be opened to instantaneously supplement hydraulic oil and nitrogen to the oil cylinder, so that the constant pressure of the sample end is maintained.
2. The novel specimen boundary transient following open loop loading method of claim 1, comprising: the sample is arranged between the two reaction frames through bolts, one end of the sample is provided with a loading oil cylinder, the loading oil cylinder is connected with the reaction frames and the sample through springs, and the loading oil cylinder adopts a high-speed reaction structure design with special design; the cylinder is divided into two parts, namely a rod cavity and a rodless cavity.
3. The novel specimen boundary transient following open loop loading method of claim 1, wherein the novel specimen boundary transient following open loop loading method further comprises: the front end is provided with a loading piston part of the front-end oil cylinder, and the rod cavity is connected with the auxiliary oil tank through a large-flow valve; the rear end is a rodless cavity of the quick response device and is connected with high-pressure gas of the energy accumulator group.
4. The novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method of claim 1, wherein when a test is performed, the front end of the piston is propped against the sample, the ejection force is 600 tons at maximum, and the maximum stroke of the piston is 500 millimeters; the two cavities of the rear rodless cavity keep an oil-gas balance state; when the device is used for impact test, the sample is instantaneously deformed and contracted under the action of impact force, the pressure of the oil cylinder and the pressure of the contact end of the sample instantaneously drops, the control system detects the pressure drop change through the pressure sensor and sends out a control signal, hydraulic oil and high-pressure gas in the rear cavity of the loading oil cylinder are controlled to quickly push the piston to move forwards so as to continuously keep the test force constant, and the following loading speed of the loading oil cylinder can reach 7m/s.
5. The novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading method of claim 1, wherein hydraulic oil with a rod cavity of a loading oil cylinder flows back to a secondary oil tank through a high-flow oil drain port; the pressure of the oil cylinder system is calculated by the control system, so that the loading force value can be controlled to be more than 80% of the constant load-keeping force.
6. The novel sample boundary instantaneous following open-loop loading system is characterized in that the novel sample boundary instantaneous following open-loop loading method is characterized in that high-precision instantaneous following of boundary pressure in a structural test is realized by adopting technologies such as a high-speed response loading oil cylinder, open-loop control, liquid-gas combined supply and the like, and real load action can be simulated to obtain accurate test data.
7. The novel specimen boundary transient following open loop loading system of claim 6, comprising:
auxiliary oil tank: the auxiliary oil tank is connected with a hydraulic source and is used for storing hydraulic oil and circulating the hydraulic oil; after being pressurized by a hydraulic source, the hydraulic oil flows into an auxiliary oil tank and is used by a loading oil cylinder and an energy accumulator group;
loading oil cylinder: the loading oil cylinder is connected with the auxiliary oil tank and the energy accumulator group; hydraulic oil flows into the loading oil cylinder from the auxiliary oil tank, so that the loading oil cylinder generates thrust and applies loading to the sample;
an accumulator set: the energy accumulator group is connected with the auxiliary oil tank and the loading oil cylinder; the energy accumulator group is responsible for storing energy and releasing the energy when a large amount of hydraulic oil needs to be provided rapidly; in the loading process, the energy accumulator group can quickly release energy to provide enough power for the loading oil cylinder;
and (3) a hydraulic source: the hydraulic source is connected with the auxiliary oil tank and is responsible for providing hydraulic oil with stable pressure for the auxiliary oil tank; the hydraulic source can be a hydraulic pump or a pneumatic pump, and proper pressure and flow are selected according to the system requirement;
and (3) a spring: the spring is connected with the loading oil cylinder and is used for providing restoring force when the system is unloaded; in the unloading process of the loading oil cylinder, the spring can provide a reaction force, so that the loading oil cylinder quickly returns to the initial position, and the response speed of the system is improved.
8. The novel sample boundary transient following open loop loading system of claim 6, wherein the pressure change is monitored in real time by a detection system in an open loop control manner; a high flow valve and return line are used.
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| EP0225397A1 (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-06-16 | Carl Schenck Ag | Method and apparatus for producing intermittent loading of a specimen |
| US20200319070A1 (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-10-08 | Shandong University Of Science And Technology | Rock impact loading-unloading confining pressure test system and usage method therefor |
| CN112697615A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-23 | 山东大学 | Gas-liquid composite rapid following oil cylinder capable of applying dynamic and static loads and implementation method |
| CN113188919A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-30 | 山东大学 | Single-power-source high-low pressure self-adaptive high-precision dynamic and static loading test system |
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2023
- 2023-08-02 CN CN202310963811.0A patent/CN116973251A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0225397A1 (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-06-16 | Carl Schenck Ag | Method and apparatus for producing intermittent loading of a specimen |
| US20200319070A1 (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-10-08 | Shandong University Of Science And Technology | Rock impact loading-unloading confining pressure test system and usage method therefor |
| CN112697615A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-23 | 山东大学 | Gas-liquid composite rapid following oil cylinder capable of applying dynamic and static loads and implementation method |
| CN113188919A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-30 | 山东大学 | Single-power-source high-low pressure self-adaptive high-precision dynamic and static loading test system |
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