CN116972408A - Automatic regulation control method for negative pressure of boiler furnace - Google Patents
Automatic regulation control method for negative pressure of boiler furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN116972408A CN116972408A CN202311072738.4A CN202311072738A CN116972408A CN 116972408 A CN116972408 A CN 116972408A CN 202311072738 A CN202311072738 A CN 202311072738A CN 116972408 A CN116972408 A CN 116972408A
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- negative pressure
- value
- opening
- air door
- deviation
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L13/00—Construction of valves or dampers for controlling air supply or draught
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic regulation control method of boiler furnace negative pressure, firstly setting a plurality of groups of setting ranges of current throttle baffle opening values and corresponding setting ranges of negative pressure deviation absolute values, wherein each group of setting ranges of current throttle baffle opening values and corresponding setting ranges of negative pressure deviation absolute values correspond to corresponding throttle baffle opening regulating values, and establishing judging conditions of the plurality of groups of throttle baffle opening regulating values; and then, adjusting according to the throttle baffle judgment conditions established by matching the acquired current throttle opening value and the acquired absolute value of the deviation. The advantages are that: the control method has the advantages that the implementation process is simple, the control process is efficient, the automatic adjustment of the negative pressure of the hearth can be realized by setting new judgment conditions and control logic in the original boiler control system, and no additional investment is required; the influence of the current throttle baffle opening value on the opening degree adjustment quantity is fully considered, the hearth fluctuation in the adjustment process is reduced, and the stable boiler combustion is facilitated.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the field of automatic control of boilers, in particular to an automatic regulation control method of negative pressure of a boiler furnace.
The background technology is as follows:
in the combustion process of the boiler, the hearth is required to be operated in a negative pressure state under the condition of meeting the air quantity. The negative pressure of the hearth greatly affects the energy saving and safe operation of the boiler, when the negative pressure is too large, the combustion heat taken away by the flue gas is increased, and meanwhile, the load of an induced draft fan and the heat loss of the discharged flue gas are increased, so that the coal consumption of the boiler is increased; the negative pressure is too low or positive pressure, so that the problems of smoke back of the boiler, fire back outside the boiler and the like can occur, and the safety of equipment and personnel is seriously threatened. The stable and reliable control of the negative pressure of the boiler directly influences the operation safety and economic benefit of the boiler.
At present, PID control is mostly adopted in boiler furnace negative pressure control, the control process is shown in fig. 1, namely, control deviation is formed according to a furnace negative pressure given value and an actual output value, the deviation is combined into control quantity according to the relationships of proportion, integration, differentiation and the like to control a controlled object (a furnace negative pressure regulating valve), and the control is linear control. However, in the actual production process, the boiler operation parameters are affected by coal quality change, air quantity change and the like to show nonlinear characteristics, so that the PID control logic of the regulating valve cannot effectively track, and in the PID automatic control operation process, the opening degree of the damper baffle is greatly changed, and the negative pressure of the hearth is severely fluctuated. Therefore, the auxiliary manual adjustment needs to be performed by operators for a long time, the adjustment process is lag, the randomness is high, the adjustment effect is unstable, and the stable combustion of the boiler can be seriously influenced by frequent adjustment, so that the economy and the safety of the unit are influenced.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a hearth negative pressure automatic regulation control method which comprehensively considers the influence of the opening of a current air door baffle and a negative pressure deviation value on the opening regulating quantity and realizes the accurate control of the hearth negative pressure by establishing an associated control loop.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: the automatic regulation and control method of boiler furnace negative pressure is characterized by that in the furnace interior a negative pressure sensor is set, and the opening of air door baffle plate can be used for controlling negative pressure in the furnace interior; the method comprises the following steps:
s100: setting a plurality of groups of setting ranges of opening values of the current air door baffles and corresponding setting ranges of absolute values of negative pressure deviation, wherein each group of setting ranges of opening values of the current air door baffles and corresponding setting ranges of absolute values of negative pressure deviation correspond to corresponding opening adjustment values of the air door baffles, and establishing judging conditions of the plurality of groups of opening adjustment values of the air door baffles;
setting a setting range of a standard negative pressure deviation absolute value and a hearth negative pressure set value;
s200: acquiring the current hearth negative pressure through the negative pressure sensor;
s300: calculating to obtain the absolute value of negative pressure deviation between the current hearth negative pressure and the hearth negative pressure set value obtained in the step S200;
s400: judging the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation in the step S300, and if the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is within the set range of the absolute value of the standard negative pressure deviation, returning to the steps S200, S300 and S400; if the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is not in the set range of the absolute value of the standard negative pressure deviation, acquiring the opening value of the current air door baffle;
s500: according to the judgment condition that the current throttle baffle opening value obtained in S400 and the negative pressure deviation absolute value obtained in S300 are matched with the throttle baffle opening adjustment value established in S100, obtaining a throttle baffle opening adjustment value; and obtaining a negative pressure deviation value;
s600: adjusting the opening of the air door baffle by using the air door baffle opening adjusting value and the negative pressure deviation value obtained in the step S500; when the negative pressure deviation value is a positive value, the opening of the damper baffle is increased; when the opening of the damper baffle is a negative value, the opening of the damper baffle is reduced;
s700: and after the adjustment is finished, the air door baffle is in a delay stage, and in the delay stage, the air door baffle does not act, and after the delay is finished, the air door baffle returns to the step S200 again for circulation.
Preferably, in step S100, when the setting ranges of the negative pressure deviation absolute values are the same, the damper flap opening adjustment value and the current damper flap opening value are positively correlated.
Preferably, the step S100 is to preset a furnace pressure limit value, and the steps S200 and S300 further include the following steps: and (3) judging whether the current hearth negative pressure in the step (S200) reaches or exceeds a preset hearth pressure limit value, if so, switching automatic control into manual control, and sending an alarm.
Preferably, the damper flap opening deviation value is preset in step S100, and in the delay stage of step S700, the method further includes the following steps: the actual opening of the on-site air door baffle is obtained, the deviation value of the theoretical opening of the air door baffle after being regulated and the actual opening of the on-site air door baffle is calculated, and when the deviation value exceeds the preset air door baffle opening deviation value, the automatic control is stopped and the alarm is sent out.
The invention has the advantages that: the control method has the advantages that the implementation process is simple, the control process is efficient, the automatic adjustment of the negative pressure of the hearth can be realized by setting new judgment conditions and control logic in the original boiler control system, and no additional investment is required; the method comprises the steps that judging conditions of opening adjustment values of a plurality of air door baffles are established in an original control system, the air door baffles automatically execute corresponding adjustment control according to the monitored hearth negative pressure deviation value, the negative pressure deviation value of the boiler hearth can be kept within a set range of a standard negative pressure deviation absolute value by means of the judging conditions and the automatic control, the problem that the traditional PID cannot track and adjust in real time is solved, manual operation is reduced in the automatic control process, and the working intensity of operators is reduced; when the judging conditions are established, the influence of the opening value of the current air door baffle on the opening adjustment quantity is fully considered, when the opening of the current air door baffle is smaller, the corresponding opening adjustment quantity of the air door baffle is smaller, the fluctuation of a hearth in the adjusting process is reduced, the combustion of the boiler is facilitated to be stabilized, and the economical efficiency and the safety of the operation of the boiler are improved. And a time delay is arranged after the adjustment is finished, so that sufficient reaction time is provided for the boiler system, and stable combustion of the boiler is facilitated.
Description of the drawings:
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a prior art PID control process.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an automatic regulation control method for the negative pressure of a boiler furnace.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the automatic regulation control method of the boiler furnace negative pressure shown in fig. 2, a negative pressure sensor is arranged in the furnace to monitor the furnace negative pressure, and in general, the number of the negative pressure sensors is more than one, and the average furnace negative pressure value monitored by a plurality of negative pressure sensors is used as the current furnace negative pressure value; and controlling the negative pressure in the hearth by adjusting the opening of the damper baffle.
Specifically, the automatic adjustment control method in the invention comprises the following steps:
s100: setting a plurality of groups of setting ranges of opening values of the current air door baffles and corresponding setting ranges of absolute values of negative pressure deviation, wherein each group of setting ranges of opening values of the current air door baffles and corresponding setting ranges of absolute values of negative pressure deviation correspond to corresponding opening adjustment values of the air door baffles, and establishing judging conditions of the plurality of groups of opening adjustment values of the air door baffles; setting a setting range of standard negative pressure deviation absolute value, a hearth negative pressure set value and a hearth pressure limit value;
taking a certain boiler working condition as an example, the judgment conditions of the opening adjustment values of the plurality of groups of air door baffles are as follows:
judging condition A: the opening value of the current air door baffle is less than 30%, and the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is 100-300 Pa, so that the corresponding opening adjusting value of the air door baffle is 1%;
judging a condition B: the opening value of the current air door baffle is smaller than 30%, and the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is larger than 300Pa, so that the corresponding opening adjusting value of the air door baffle is 3%;
judging condition C: the opening value of the current air door baffle is 30-45%, and the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is 100-300 Pa, so that the corresponding opening adjusting value of the air door baffle is 2%;
judging condition D: the opening value of the current air door baffle is 30-45%, and the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is more than 300Pa, so that the corresponding opening adjusting value of the air door baffle is 6%;
judging condition E: the opening value of the current air door baffle is more than 45%, and the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is 100-300 Pa, so that the corresponding opening adjusting value of the air door baffle is 3%;
judging condition F: the opening value of the current air door baffle is more than 45 percent, the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is more than 300Pa, and the corresponding opening adjusting value of the air door baffle is 10 percent.
In the traditional PID control process, the negative pressure deviation is converted into the opening degree of the damper baffle by utilizing PID system operation according to the negative pressure deviation value. The larger the negative pressure deviation is, the larger the throttle flap opening is, and the smaller the deviation is, the smaller the throttle flap opening is. Compared with the traditional PID control, the influence of the opening of the current air door baffle is considered, under different opening of the air door baffle, the hearth negative pressure change interval is different, under the condition of the same action of 1%, the smaller the opening of the current air door baffle is, the larger the hearth negative pressure change is, otherwise, the smaller the hearth negative pressure change is, so that the automatic control loop formed at the position can effectively reduce hearth fluctuation in the adjusting process.
After the judging conditions of the switch regulating values of the air door baffle plates are established, the established judging conditions are used for automatically regulating and controlling the negative pressure of the hearth. That is to say,
s200: acquiring the current hearth negative pressure through a negative pressure sensor; judging whether the current hearth negative pressure reaches or exceeds a preset hearth pressure limit value, and if the current hearth negative pressure does not reach or exceeds the preset hearth pressure limit value, performing step S300;
if the current hearth negative pressure reaches or exceeds the preset hearth pressure limit value, delaying, judging whether the current hearth negative pressure reaches or exceeds the preset hearth pressure limit value again after the delay, if the delayed current hearth negative pressure does not reach or exceeds the preset hearth pressure limit value, executing step S300, and if the delayed current hearth negative pressure still reaches or exceeds the preset hearth pressure limit value, exiting automatic control and giving an alarm.
Taking a certain boiler working condition as an example, presetting the furnace pressure limit value to be 1000 Pa-2000 Pa respectively, if the current furnace negative pressure still reaches or is higher than 1000Pa or reaches or is lower than-2000 Pa after time delay, exiting the automatic control, and sending out an alarm.
S300: calculating to obtain the absolute value of negative pressure deviation between the current hearth negative pressure and the hearth negative pressure set value obtained in the step S200;
s400: judging the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation in the step S300, and if the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is within the set range of the absolute value of the standard negative pressure deviation, returning to the step S200-S400; if the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is not in the set range of the absolute value of the standard negative pressure deviation, acquiring the opening value of the current air door baffle;
s500: according to the judgment condition that the current throttle baffle opening value obtained in S400 and the negative pressure deviation absolute value obtained in S300 are matched with the throttle baffle opening adjustment value established in S100, obtaining a throttle baffle opening adjustment value; and obtaining a negative pressure deviation value;
s600: and (3) adjusting the opening of the air door baffle by using the air door baffle opening adjusting value and the negative pressure deviation value obtained in the step (S500), when the negative pressure deviation value is a positive value, adjusting the opening of the air door baffle to be large, and when the negative pressure deviation value is a negative value, adjusting the opening of the air door baffle to be small.
S700: and after the adjustment is finished, the air door baffle is in a delay stage, and in the delay stage, the air door baffle does not act, and after the delay is finished, the air door baffle returns to the step S200 again for circulation.
In addition, in step S100, a damper opening deviation value may be preset, and accordingly, the following operations are performed in the delay stage of step S700: the actual opening degree of the on-site air door baffle is obtained, the deviation value of the theoretical opening degree and the on-site actual opening degree of the air door baffle after being regulated is calculated, when the deviation value exceeds the preset air door baffle opening degree deviation value, the on-site air door baffle cannot be synchronously controlled, and the automatic control is stopped and the alarm is sent out.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The automatic regulation and control method of boiler furnace negative pressure is characterized by that in the furnace interior a negative pressure sensor is set, and the opening of air door baffle plate can be used for controlling negative pressure in the furnace interior; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s100: setting a plurality of groups of setting ranges of opening values of the current air door baffles and corresponding setting ranges of absolute values of negative pressure deviation, wherein each group of setting ranges of opening values of the current air door baffles and corresponding setting ranges of absolute values of negative pressure deviation correspond to corresponding opening adjustment values of the air door baffles, and establishing judging conditions of the plurality of groups of opening adjustment values of the air door baffles;
setting a setting range of a standard negative pressure deviation absolute value and a hearth negative pressure set value;
s200: acquiring the current hearth negative pressure through the negative pressure sensor;
s300: calculating to obtain the absolute value of negative pressure deviation between the current hearth negative pressure and the hearth negative pressure set value obtained in the step S200;
s400: judging the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation in the step S300, and if the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is within the set range of the absolute value of the standard negative pressure deviation, returning to the steps S200, S300 and S400; if the absolute value of the negative pressure deviation is not in the set range of the absolute value of the standard negative pressure deviation, acquiring the opening value of the current air door baffle;
s500: according to the judgment condition that the current throttle baffle opening value obtained in S400 and the negative pressure deviation absolute value obtained in S300 are matched with the throttle baffle opening adjustment value established in S100, obtaining a throttle baffle opening adjustment value; and obtaining a negative pressure deviation value;
s600: adjusting the opening of the air door baffle by using the air door baffle opening adjusting value and the negative pressure deviation value obtained in the step S500; when the negative pressure deviation value is a positive value, the opening of the damper baffle is increased; when the opening of the damper baffle is a negative value, the opening of the damper baffle is reduced;
s700: and after the adjustment is finished, the air door baffle is in a delay stage, and in the delay stage, the air door baffle does not act, and after the delay is finished, the air door baffle returns to the step S200 again for circulation.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S100, the throttle flap opening adjustment value is positively correlated with the current throttle flap opening value when the setting range of the negative pressure deviation absolute value is the same.
3. The automatic regulation control method of negative pressure of boiler furnace according to claim 1, wherein the furnace pressure limit value is preset in step S100, and the following steps are further included between step S200 and step S300: and (3) judging whether the current hearth negative pressure in the step (S200) reaches or exceeds a preset hearth pressure limit value, if so, switching automatic control into manual control, and sending an alarm.
4. A method for automatically controlling the negative pressure of a boiler furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the throttle flap opening deviation value is preset in step S100, and the method further comprises the following steps in the delay stage of step S700:
the actual opening of the on-site air door baffle is obtained, the deviation value of the theoretical opening of the air door baffle after being regulated and the actual opening of the on-site air door baffle is calculated, and when the deviation value exceeds the preset air door baffle opening deviation value, the automatic control is stopped and the alarm is sent out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311072738.4A CN116972408A (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | Automatic regulation control method for negative pressure of boiler furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311072738.4A CN116972408A (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | Automatic regulation control method for negative pressure of boiler furnace |
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| CN116972408A true CN116972408A (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202311072738.4A Pending CN116972408A (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | Automatic regulation control method for negative pressure of boiler furnace |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116972408A (en) |
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- 2023-08-23 CN CN202311072738.4A patent/CN116972408A/en active Pending
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