CN116966839A - Green synthetic ammonia control system and method - Google Patents

Green synthetic ammonia control system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116966839A
CN116966839A CN202310801264.6A CN202310801264A CN116966839A CN 116966839 A CN116966839 A CN 116966839A CN 202310801264 A CN202310801264 A CN 202310801264A CN 116966839 A CN116966839 A CN 116966839A
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China
Prior art keywords
adjusting
temperature
regulating valve
compressor
opening
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
唐硕
马明燕
陈胜彬
万克西
赵红霞
陈萍
吴艳
杨洁
孙小康
杨桂春
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China National Petroleum Corp
China Huanqiu Contracting and Engineering Corp
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China National Petroleum Corp
China Huanqiu Contracting and Engineering Corp
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Priority to CN202310801264.6A priority Critical patent/CN116966839A/en
Publication of CN116966839A publication Critical patent/CN116966839A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/20Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/001Controlling catalytic processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0285Heating or cooling the reactor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01CAMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/04Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
    • C01C1/0405Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
    • C01C1/0482Process control; Start-up or cooling-down procedures

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a green synthetic ammonia control system and a method. The system comprises a first compressor, a second compressor, an ammonia synthesis reactor, a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve, a third regulating valve, a fourth regulating valve, a first cooler, a separator, a temperature detection device and a control device; the first compressor, the ammonia synthesis reactor, the first cooler and the separator are connected in sequence; the temperature detection device is connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor and is suitable for detecting the temperatures of different positions of the ammonia synthesis reactor; the control device is used for adjusting the opening of the fourth adjusting valve according to the temperature detection result, judging whether the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches a first preset threshold value, and if not, adjusting the opening of the first adjusting valve and/or adjusting the opening of the second adjusting valve and/or adjusting the opening of the third adjusting valve so as to enable the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor to reach the first preset threshold value; the system can realize rapid flexible load adjustment within the range of 10% -100%, and ensures the stable and safe operation of the system.

Description

Green synthetic ammonia control system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy and chemical industry, in particular to a system and a method for controlling green synthetic ammonia.
Background
With the aggravation of climate change and energy safety problems, the development of clean energy and the promotion of energy revolution become important measures for solving the energy problems. The hydrogen energy is used as an energy carrier with high heat value, has the advantages of abundant reserves, zero pollution and the like, and can realize the green, clean and sustainable development of energy by developing the hydrogen energy.
At present, more than 90% of hydrogen is derived from fossil energy, the production process is often accompanied by carbon dioxide emission, green hydrogen is produced by renewable energy power generation, the phenomena of wind abandon, electricity abandon and the like can be solved, the problem of new energy consumption can be solved, and the method is an important direction for realizing zero carbon emission, so that green hydrogen becomes a new development direction of energy supply.
At present, the conventional synthetic ammonia industry generally obtains raw materials and energy through fossil fuel, carbon dioxide is discharged in the process, and then the synthetic ammonia is produced through an ammonia synthesis process, and along with the progress of technology, the development of carbon emission reduction technology and energy revolution, the green synthetic ammonia technology for producing synthetic ammonia by utilizing green hydrogen gradually becomes a new direction of ammonia synthesis development. Compared with the traditional ammonia synthesis process, the environment-friendly ammonia synthesis technology adopts the hydrogen prepared by renewable energy power generation as the raw material, can reduce carbon emission, and is more environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enrich the product types of the synthetic ammonia control system and increase the selection space of the synthetic ammonia control mode, the embodiment of the invention provides a green synthetic ammonia control system and a method.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a green ammonia synthesis control system, including a first compressor, a second compressor, an ammonia synthesis reactor, a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve, a third regulating valve, a fourth regulating valve, a first cooler, a separator, a temperature detecting device, and a control device;
the first compressor, the ammonia synthesis reactor, the first cooler and the separator are connected in sequence; the second compressor is respectively connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor and the separator;
the ammonia synthesis reactor is provided with a first catalyst bed layer, a second catalyst bed layer and a third catalyst bed layer;
the first regulating valve is respectively connected with the first compressor, the second compressor and the first catalyst bed;
the second regulating valve is respectively connected with the first compressor, the second compressor and the second catalyst bed;
the third regulating valve is respectively connected with the first compressor, the second compressor and the third catalyst bed;
the fourth regulating valve is respectively connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor and the second compressor;
the temperature detection device is connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor and is suitable for detecting the temperatures of different positions of the ammonia synthesis reactor;
the control device is used for obtaining a temperature detection result of the temperature detection device, adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve according to the temperature detection result, judging whether the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches a first preset threshold, and if not, adjusting the opening of the first regulating valve, and/or adjusting the opening of the second regulating valve, and/or adjusting the opening of the third regulating valve, so that the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches the first preset threshold.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the temperature detection device includes a first temperature detector, a second temperature detector, a third temperature detector, and a fourth temperature detector;
the first temperature detector is arranged at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor;
the second temperature detector is arranged on the first catalyst bed layer;
the third temperature detector is arranged on the second catalyst bed layer;
the fourth temperature detector is arranged on the third catalyst bed.
In one or some optional embodiments, the control device is configured to adjust the opening of the first adjusting valve according to the temperature detection result of the second temperature detector, and/or adjust the opening of the second adjusting valve, and/or adjust the opening of the third adjusting valve, until the temperature of the first catalyst bed reaches a second preset threshold;
the control device is used for adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve according to the temperature detection result of the third temperature detector, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the second adjusting valve, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the second catalyst bed reaches a third preset threshold value;
the control device is used for adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve according to the temperature detection result of the fourth temperature detector, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the second adjusting valve, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the third catalyst bed reaches a fourth preset threshold value.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the green ammonia control system further comprises a hydrogen input device and a fifth regulator valve coupled;
the fifth regulating valve is connected with the first compressor and is suitable for controlling the hydrogen gas inflow.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the control device is further configured to adjust the opening degree of the fifth adjustment valve according to an operation load.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the green ammonia control system further comprises a nitrogen input device and a sixth regulator valve coupled;
the sixth regulating valve is connected with the first compressor and is suitable for controlling the nitrogen inlet.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the control device is further configured to adjust the opening of the sixth adjusting valve according to the hydrogen gas inlet amount and the mixing ratio of the hydrogen gas and the nitrogen gas.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the green ammonia control system further comprises a pressure protection device;
the pressure protection device comprises a seventh regulating valve and a second cooler which are connected;
the seventh regulating valve is connected with the outlet of the first compressor;
the second cooler is connected to the inlet of the first compressor.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the green ammonia control system further comprises a pressure detector;
the pressure detector is arranged at the outlet of the first compressor;
the control device is used for acquiring a pressure detection result of the pressure detector, opening the seventh regulating valve according to the pressure detection result, and/or regulating the rotating speed of the first compressor so as to control the pressure in the first compressor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a green ammonia synthesis control method, including:
adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve according to the temperature detection result of the temperature detection device;
judging whether the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches a first preset threshold value;
if not, the opening degree of the first regulating valve is regulated, and/or the opening degree of the second regulating valve is regulated, and/or the opening degree of the third regulating valve is regulated, so that the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches a first preset threshold value.
In one or some optional embodiments, the adjusting the opening of the first adjusting valve, and/or the opening of the second adjusting valve, and/or the opening of the third adjusting valve, so that the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches the first preset threshold value specifically includes:
adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve and/or the opening degree of the second adjusting valve and/or the opening degree of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the first catalyst bed reaches a second preset threshold;
adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve and/or the opening degree of the second adjusting valve and/or the opening degree of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the second catalyst bed reaches a third preset threshold;
and adjusting the opening of the first adjusting valve and/or the opening of the second adjusting valve and/or the opening of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the third catalyst bed reaches a fourth preset threshold value so as to enable the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor to reach the first preset threshold value.
In one or some alternative embodiments, before determining whether the temperature at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches the preset threshold, further comprising:
adjusting the opening of the fifth regulating valve according to the operation load to control the hydrogen gas inflow amount;
and adjusting the opening of the sixth regulating valve according to the hydrogen gas inlet amount and the mixing proportion of the hydrogen gas and the nitrogen gas so as to control the nitrogen gas inlet amount.
In one or some alternative embodiments, before or after adjusting the opening of the first adjusting valve, and/or adjusting the opening of the second adjusting valve, and/or adjusting the opening of the third adjusting valve to make the temperature of the output air at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reach the preset temperature value, the method further includes:
judging whether the pressure in the first compressor is higher than a preset pressure value;
if yes, opening a seventh regulating valve and/or regulating the rotation speed of the first compressor;
if not, the rotation speed of the first compressor is regulated.
In one or some alternative embodiments, before determining whether the pressure within the first compressor is above the preset pressure value, further comprising:
the opening degree of the seventh regulating valve is regulated to control the reflux amount of the hydrogen and the nitrogen.
In one or some alternative embodiments, the mixing ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen is 3:1.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least the following steps are included:
according to the green synthesis ammonia control system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor is directly communicated with the second compressor by opening the fourth regulating valve, so that the produced gas can directly flow back to the ammonia synthesis reactor without cooling, the temperature in the ammonia synthesis reactor is maintained during low load, the pressure in the system is kept relatively stable, the stable ammonia synthesis reaction is ensured, and further, the opening of the fourth regulating valve is regulated, so that the rapid flexible load regulation of the green synthesis ammonia control system within the range of 10% -100% is realized, the stable pressure of an ammonia synthesis loop is maintained, and the stable and safe operation of the system is ensured. The opening degrees of the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve and the third regulating valve are regulated, so that the temperature in the ammonia synthesis reactor is rapidly controlled, further, rapid flexible wide-load regulation is realized, the pressure fluctuation in the system is reduced, and the safety and stability of the system operation are further ensured.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a green ammonia synthesis control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a green ammonia synthesis control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1 is a first compressor, 2 is a second compressor, 3 is an ammonia synthesis reactor, 31 is a first catalyst bed, 32 is a second catalyst bed, 33 is a third catalyst bed, 4 is a first regulating valve, 5 is a second regulating valve, 6 is a third regulating valve, 7 is a fourth regulating valve, 8 is a first cooler, 9 is a separator, and 10 is a control device;
11 is a first temperature detector, 12 is a second temperature detector, 13 is a third temperature detector, and 14 is a fourth temperature detector;
15 is a hydrogen input device, 16 is a fifth regulating valve, 17 is a nitrogen input device, 18 is a sixth regulating valve, 19 is a seventh regulating valve, 20 is a second cooler, and 21 is a pressure detector.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "far," "near," "front," "rear," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The inventor finds that the raw material hydrogen yield of the green ammonia synthesis technology is unstable due to the instability of renewable energy sources, but the existing ammonia synthesis process system is generally stable to operate, needs a stable raw material source and cannot be suitable for the ammonia synthesis production with unstable raw material hydrogen yield, if the problem of electric energy stability is solved through an energy storage technology, the equipment construction investment is higher, the economical efficiency is poor, and the practical significance is not realized. In addition, the traditional ammonia synthesis process has the defects that the system capacity is large, the time delay is long when the load fluctuates, the temperature and pressure change are slow, the rapid adjustment cannot be realized by adopting the traditional control method, the self-balancing cannot be realized by excessive hydrogen or nitrogen in the system, the reaction is out of control if the adjustment process is improper, and the device cannot continue to operate. Thus, there is a need for a synthetic ammonia control system and method that enables wide load flexible regulation.
Based on this, the present invention provides a green ammonia synthesis control system and method, which will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a green synthetic ammonia control system, which is shown by referring to FIG. 1 and comprises a first compressor 1, a second compressor 2, an ammonia synthesis reactor 3, a first regulating valve 4, a second regulating valve 5, a third regulating valve 6, a fourth regulating valve 7, a first cooler 8, a separator 9, a temperature detection device and a control device 10;
the first compressor 1, the ammonia synthesis reactor 3, the first cooler 8 and the separator 9 are connected in sequence; the second compressor 2 is respectively connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 and the separator 9;
the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 is provided with a first catalyst bed 31, a second catalyst bed 32 and a third catalyst bed 33;
the first regulating valve 4 is respectively connected with the first compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the first catalyst bed 31;
the second regulating valve 5 is respectively connected with the first compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the second catalyst bed 32;
the third regulating valve 6 is respectively connected with the first compressor 1, the second compressor 2 and the third catalyst bed 33;
the fourth regulating valve 7 is respectively connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 and the second compressor 2;
the temperature detection device is connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 and is suitable for detecting the temperatures of different positions of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3;
the control device 10 is configured to obtain a temperature detection result of the temperature detection device, adjust an opening of the fourth adjusting valve 7 according to the temperature detection result, and determine whether the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches a first preset threshold, and if not, adjust an opening of the first adjusting valve 4, and/or adjust an opening of the second adjusting valve 5, and/or adjust an opening of the third adjusting valve 6, so that the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches the first preset threshold.
In the embodiment of the invention, a fourth regulating valve 7 is arranged between the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 and the second compressor 2, when the fourth regulating valve 7 is opened, the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 is directly communicated with the second compressor 2, and high-temperature produced gas flowing out of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 can flow through the fourth regulating valve 7 and then enter the second compressor 2, and after being pressurized in the second compressor 2, the high-temperature produced gas returns to the ammonia synthesis reactor 3. The temperature of the produced gas is far higher than that of the raw material gas entering the ammonia synthesis reactor 3, and the produced gas returns into the ammonia synthesis reactor 3, so that the temperature in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 can be maintained at low load, and the stable performance of the catalytic reaction in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 is ensured, thereby enabling the green synthesis ammonia control system to stably operate within a wide load range, and being further suitable for the production of synthesis ammonia by adopting hydrogen produced by renewable energy power generation as a raw material.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to enable the catalytic reaction in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 to be performed stably, it is necessary to control the temperature of each bed layer in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 to meet the temperature requirement of the catalytic reaction, so that the first regulating valve 4, the second regulating valve 5 and the third regulating valve 6 capable of regulating the internal temperature of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 are provided. The principle of regulating the internal temperature of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 by the first regulating valve 4, the second regulating valve 5 and the third regulating valve 6 is as follows: since the ammonia synthesis reaction is an exothermic reaction, the temperature of the feed gas is lower than the temperature in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3, and when the first, second and third regulating valves 4, 5 and 6 are opened, the feed gas can directly enter the first, second and third catalyst beds 31, 32 and 33 in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3, and the temperatures of the first, second and third catalyst beds 31, 32 and 33 can be rapidly adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of the first, second and third regulating valves 4, 5 and 6, so that the catalytic reaction can be stably performed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the process of producing synthetic ammonia by using the green synthetic ammonia control system specifically comprises the following steps: the hydrogen and the nitrogen are mixed and then are introduced into a first compressor 1 to be pressurized, the pressurized raw gas enters a first catalyst bed 31, a second catalyst bed 32 and a third catalyst bed 33 in an ammonia synthesis reactor 3 to be catalyzed to obtain high-temperature produced gas (high-temperature ammonia), the high-temperature produced gas flows out of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 and then enters a first cooler 8 to be cooled, the cooled gas-liquid mixture enters a separator 9 to be separated, liquid ammonia obtained after separation is conveyed to a storage device (not shown in the figure) to be stored as a product, and the ammonia obtained after separation is pressurized by a second compressor 2 and then returned to the ammonia synthesis reactor 3; further, when the load is low and the temperature required by the catalytic reaction cannot be maintained in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3, the fourth regulating valve 7 is opened, and the opening degree of the fourth regulating valve is regulated, so that a proper amount of high-temperature produced gas is returned to the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 to maintain the temperature in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3; further, when the temperatures of the first catalyst bed 31, the second catalyst bed 32 and the third catalyst bed 33 do not meet the temperature requirement of the catalytic reaction, the opening degrees of the first regulating valve 4, the second regulating valve 5 and the third regulating valve 6 are quickly regulated, and the temperatures of the catalyst beds are regulated, so that the catalytic reaction is stably carried out.
The green ammonia synthesis control system provided by the embodiment can realize rapid temperature regulation, and prevent the temperature from greatly decreasing or greatly increasing in a short time due to load change, so that the generation of larger pressure fluctuation in the system is avoided, compared with the traditional ammonia synthesis process with slow temperature and pressure change, the sensitivity to the temperature and pressure change is improved, and the stability and safety of the system operation are improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the temperature detecting device includes a first temperature detector 11, a second temperature detector 12, a third temperature detector 13, and a fourth temperature detector 14. The first temperature detector 11 is arranged at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 and is used for detecting the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3, namely the temperature of the high-temperature produced gas at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3; the second temperature detector 12 is disposed at the outlet of the first catalyst bed 31, and is configured to detect a temperature at the outlet of the first catalyst bed 31, that is, a temperature of the gas flowing out from the outlet of the first catalyst bed 31; the third temperature detector 13 is disposed at the outlet of the second catalyst bed 32, and is configured to detect a temperature at the outlet of the second catalyst bed 32, that is, a temperature of the effluent gas at the outlet of the second catalyst bed 32; the fourth temperature detector 14 is disposed at the outlet of the third catalyst bed 33, and is configured to detect the temperature at the outlet of the third catalyst bed 33, i.e. the temperature of the effluent gas at the outlet of the third catalyst bed 33.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the control device 10 is configured to obtain the temperature detection results of the first temperature detector 11, the second temperature detector 12, the third temperature detector 13, and the fourth temperature detector 14, and control and adjust the fourth regulating valve 7, the first regulating valve 4, the second regulating valve 5, and the third regulating valve 6 according to the obtained temperature detection results, so that the temperatures of the temperature detection points reach the target temperature, thereby ensuring that the synthesis ammonia reaction in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 proceeds smoothly. Specifically, the control device 10 is configured to obtain a temperature detection result of the first temperature detector 11, adjust an opening of the fourth adjusting valve 7 according to the temperature detection result, and determine whether the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches a first preset threshold, and if not, adjust an opening of the first adjusting valve 4, and/or adjust an opening of the second adjusting valve 5, and/or adjust an opening of the third adjusting valve 6 until the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches the first preset threshold.
Further, the control device 10 may be further configured to adjust the opening of the first adjusting valve 4 and/or the opening of the second adjusting valve 5 and/or the opening of the third adjusting valve 6 according to the temperature detection result of the second temperature detector 12 until the temperature at the outlet of the first catalyst bed 31 reaches the second preset threshold.
Further, the control device 10 may be further configured to adjust the opening of the first adjusting valve 4 and/or the opening of the second adjusting valve 5 and/or the opening of the third adjusting valve 6 according to the temperature detection result of the third temperature detector 13 until the temperature at the outlet of the second catalyst bed 32 reaches a third preset threshold.
Further, the control device 10 may be further configured to adjust the opening of the first adjusting valve 4 and/or the opening of the second adjusting valve 5 and/or the opening of the third adjusting valve 6 according to the temperature detection result of the fourth temperature detector 14 until the temperature at the outlet of the third catalyst bed 33 reaches a fourth preset threshold.
In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the green ammonia synthesis control system further includes a hydrogen input device 5 and a fifth regulating valve 16 connected, the fifth regulating valve 16 is connected to the first compressor 1, and the amount of hydrogen introduced can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the fifth regulating valve 16. The control device 10 may control the opening degree of the fifth control valve 16 according to the operation load control, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen gas to be introduced. The green hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of renewable energy sources is input into the first compressor 1 through the hydrogen input device 5 to be pressurized and then enters the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 as raw material gas to carry out catalytic reaction, the green hydrogen has the characteristic of unstable yield, when the hydrogen quantity is insufficient, the system is in a low-load running state, and at the moment, the opening of the fourth regulating valve 7 is regulated through the controller according to the temperature detection result of the temperature detection device, so that the normal production of the synthetic ammonia can be maintained.
In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the green ammonia synthesis control system further includes a nitrogen input device 17 and a sixth regulating valve 18 connected, the sixth regulating valve 18 is connected to the first compressor 1, and the nitrogen inlet amount can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the sixth regulating valve 18. The control device 10 may be configured to control and adjust the opening of the sixth adjusting valve 18 according to the hydrogen gas inlet amount and the mixing ratio of the hydrogen gas and the nitrogen gas, so that the hydrogen gas and the nitrogen gas enter the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 according to the preset mixing ratio to perform the catalytic reaction. The mixing ratio of hydrogen and nitrogen was 3:1.
In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the green ammonia control system further comprises a pressure detector 21 and a pressure protection device for protecting the first compressor 1. The pressure detector 21 is provided at the outlet of the first compressor 1 for detecting the pressure at the outlet of the first compressor 1. The pressure protection device comprises a seventh regulating valve 19 and a second cooler 20 connected, the seventh regulating valve 19 being connected to the outlet of the first compressor 1, the second cooler 20 being connected to the inlet of the first compressor 1. The control device 10 can obtain the pressure detection result of the pressure detector 21, and adjust the opening of the seventh adjusting valve 19 according to the pressure detection result, and/or adjust the rotation speed of the first compressor 1 to control the pressure in the first compressor 1, so as to prevent the pressure in the first compressor 1 from being too high and dangerous. The opening of the seventh regulating valve 19 is regulated according to the performance curve of the first compressor 1 at a certain load gas inlet flow rate, so that the first compressor 1 does not surge during the regulation of the seventh regulating valve 19, and ensures that the compressor can be operated in the operating interval range under various loads while minimizing the energy consumption of the compressor.
For a clearer description of the implementation of the embodiments of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided for describing the implementation of the present invention in detail as follows:
taking a green synthesis ammonia control system with the yield of 100 ten thousand tons/year as an example, controlling the molar flow ratio of raw material hydrogen to nitrogen to be 3:1, and controlling the yield of liquid ammonia to be 125 tons/hour, wherein the flow of the raw material hydrogen is about 24-25 ten thousand standard square/hour.
Under the working condition that the operation load is 100%, the feeding amount of raw material hydrogen is 249000Nm3/h, the fourth regulating valve 7 is not required to be opened, the first regulating valve 4, the second regulating valve 5 and the third regulating valve 6 are not required to be regulated in general, hydrogen and nitrogen can perform stable catalytic reaction in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3, the first regulating valve 4 and/or the second regulating valve 5 and/or the third regulating valve 6 can be regulated in a small range if necessary (for example, the temperature in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 fluctuates), and the temperature in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 is kept stable. The parameters of the ammonia synthesis production reaction at 100% operating load are shown in table 1 below.
Under the working condition that the operation load is 30%, the feeding amount of raw material hydrogen is 83,000Nm < 3 >/h, the opening of a fourth regulating valve 7 is required to be regulated, and high-temperature produced gas flowing out of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 is directly returned to the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 so as to maintain the temperature in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 and ensure that the catalytic reaction is stably carried out; thereafter, if the temperature at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 has not reached the first preset threshold, the opening of the first regulating valve 4 is regulated, and/or the opening of the second regulating valve 5 is regulated, and/or the opening of the third regulating valve 6 is regulated, so that the temperature at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches the first preset threshold, and the temperature of each catalyst bed in the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches the target temperature, so that the pressure is stable. The parameters of the ammonia synthesis production reaction at 30% operating load are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 reaction parameters under different load conditions
Project Unit (B) 100% load condition 30% load condition
Raw material hydrogen Nm3/h 249000 74700
Raw nitrogen Nm3/h 83000 24900
Pressure detector display MPaG 15 15
Second temperature detector display 498 498
Third temperature Detector display 462 462
Fourth temperature Detector display 441 441
First temperature detector display 244 244
Liquid ammonia production T/h 125 37.5
As can be seen from Table 1, the green ammonia synthesis control system provided by the embodiment of the invention can perform stable ammonia synthesis production under 30% and 100% of operation load, and the temperature and pressure are stable, and the fluctuation caused by load change is avoided, so that the temperature and pressure of each detection point are kept unchanged or the fluctuation range is not more than 5%. Further, the inventors have found, based on a number of operations and calculations similar to the above examples, that the green ammonia synthesis control system is capable of stable ammonia synthesis production over a load range of 10-100%.
The green synthetic ammonia control system provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize rapid adjustment of synthetic ammonia load within the range of 10-100%, can be suitable for synthetic ammonia production by taking green hydrogen as raw material gas, obviously reduces the hydrogen storage and energy storage requirements, and further can improve renewable resource power generation and power consumption and resource utilization aiming at the electricity abandoning phenomenon caused by wind and photoelectric Internet surfing difficulty.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a green ammonia synthesis control method, as shown in fig. 2, including:
s101: adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve 7 according to the temperature detection result of the temperature detection device;
s102: judging whether the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches a first preset threshold value, if not, executing step S103;
s103: the opening degree of the first regulating valve 4 is regulated, and/or the opening degree of the second regulating valve 5 is regulated, and/or the opening degree of the third regulating valve 6 is regulated, so that the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches a first preset threshold value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the green ammonia synthesis control method corresponds to the green ammonia synthesis control system described in the first embodiment, and the specific implementation process may refer to the process of implementing green ammonia synthesis control by applying the green ammonia synthesis control system in the first embodiment, and the repetition is omitted herein.
In a specific embodiment, the adjusting the opening of the first adjusting valve 4, and/or the opening of the second adjusting valve 5, and/or the opening of the third adjusting valve 6, so that the temperature at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches the first preset threshold value specifically includes:
adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve 4 and/or the opening degree of the second adjusting valve 5 and/or the opening degree of the third adjusting valve 6 until the temperature of the first catalyst bed 31 reaches a second preset threshold;
adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve 4 and/or the opening degree of the second adjusting valve 5 and/or the opening degree of the third adjusting valve 6 until the temperature of the second catalyst bed 32 reaches a third preset threshold;
the opening degree of the first regulating valve 4 is regulated and/or the opening degree of the second regulating valve 5 is regulated and/or the opening degree of the third regulating valve 6 is regulated until the temperature of the third catalyst bed 33 reaches a fourth preset threshold value, so that the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches a first preset threshold value.
In one embodiment, before determining whether the temperature at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reaches the preset threshold, it further comprises:
the opening degree of the fifth regulating valve 16 is regulated according to the operation load to control the hydrogen gas inflow amount;
the opening degree of the sixth regulating valve 18 is adjusted according to the hydrogen gas introduction amount and the mixing ratio of hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas to control the nitrogen gas introduction amount.
In a specific embodiment, before or after adjusting the opening of the first adjusting valve 4, and/or adjusting the opening of the second adjusting valve 5, and/or adjusting the opening of the third adjusting valve 6, to make the temperature of the produced air at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor 3 reach the preset temperature value, the method further includes:
judging whether the pressure in the first compressor 1 is higher than a preset pressure value;
if so, opening the seventh regulating valve 19 and/or regulating down the rotation speed of the first compressor 1;
if not, the rotation speed of the first compressor 1 is increased.
In an embodiment, before determining whether the pressure in the first compressor 1 is higher than the preset pressure value, the method further includes:
the opening degree of the seventh regulating valve 19 is adjusted to control the reflux amount of hydrogen and nitrogen.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. The present disclosure is not limited to the precise construction that has been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (15)

1. The green synthetic ammonia control system is characterized by comprising a first compressor, a second compressor, an ammonia synthesis reactor, a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve, a third regulating valve, a fourth regulating valve, a first cooler, a separator, a temperature detection device and a control device;
the first compressor, the ammonia synthesis reactor, the first cooler and the separator are connected in sequence; the second compressor is respectively connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor and the separator;
the ammonia synthesis reactor is provided with a first catalyst bed layer, a second catalyst bed layer and a third catalyst bed layer;
the first regulating valve is respectively connected with the first compressor, the second compressor and the first catalyst bed;
the second regulating valve is respectively connected with the first compressor, the second compressor and the second catalyst bed;
the third regulating valve is respectively connected with the first compressor, the second compressor and the third catalyst bed;
the fourth regulating valve is respectively connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor and the second compressor;
the temperature detection device is connected with the ammonia synthesis reactor and is suitable for detecting the temperatures of different positions of the ammonia synthesis reactor;
the control device is used for obtaining a temperature detection result of the temperature detection device, adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve according to the temperature detection result, judging whether the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches a first preset threshold, and if not, adjusting the opening of the first regulating valve, and/or adjusting the opening of the second regulating valve, and/or adjusting the opening of the third regulating valve, so that the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches the first preset threshold.
2. The green ammonia control system of claim 1, wherein the temperature detection device comprises a first temperature detector, a second temperature detector, a third temperature detector, and a fourth temperature detector;
the first temperature detector is arranged at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor;
the second temperature detector is arranged on the first catalyst bed layer;
the third temperature detector is arranged on the second catalyst bed layer;
the fourth temperature detector is arranged on the third catalyst bed.
3. The green ammonia control system according to claim 2, wherein the control device is configured to adjust the opening degree of the first adjusting valve, and/or adjust the opening degree of the second adjusting valve, and/or adjust the opening degree of the third adjusting valve, according to the temperature detection result of the second temperature detector, until the temperature of the first catalyst bed reaches a second preset threshold;
the control device is used for adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve according to the temperature detection result of the third temperature detector, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the second adjusting valve, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the second catalyst bed reaches a third preset threshold value;
the control device is used for adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve according to the temperature detection result of the fourth temperature detector, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the second adjusting valve, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the third catalyst bed reaches a fourth preset threshold value.
4. The green ammonia control system of claim 1, further comprising a hydrogen input device and a fifth regulator valve coupled;
the fifth regulating valve is connected with the first compressor and is suitable for controlling the hydrogen gas inflow.
5. The green ammonia control system according to claim 4, wherein the control means is further configured to adjust the opening degree of the fifth regulating valve in accordance with an operation load.
6. The green ammonia control system of claim 5, further comprising a nitrogen input device and a sixth regulator valve coupled;
the sixth regulating valve is connected with the first compressor and is suitable for controlling the nitrogen inlet.
7. The green ammonia control system according to claim 6, wherein the control means is further configured to adjust the opening degree of the sixth regulating valve according to the hydrogen gas inflow amount and the mixing ratio of hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas.
8. The green ammonia control system of claim 1, further comprising a pressure protection device;
the pressure protection device comprises a seventh regulating valve and a second cooler which are connected;
the seventh regulating valve is connected with the outlet of the first compressor;
the second cooler is connected to the inlet of the first compressor.
9. The green ammonia control system of claim 8, further comprising a pressure detector;
the pressure detector is arranged at the outlet of the first compressor;
the control device is used for acquiring a pressure detection result of the pressure detector, opening the seventh regulating valve according to the pressure detection result, and/or regulating the rotating speed of the first compressor so as to control the pressure in the first compressor.
10. A green ammonia synthesis control method, comprising:
adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve according to the temperature detection result of the temperature detection device;
judging whether the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches a first preset threshold value;
if not, the opening degree of the first regulating valve is regulated, and/or the opening degree of the second regulating valve is regulated, and/or the opening degree of the third regulating valve is regulated, so that the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches a first preset threshold value.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the adjusting the opening of the first adjusting valve and/or the opening of the second adjusting valve and/or the opening of the third adjusting valve to make the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reach the first preset threshold value specifically comprises:
adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve and/or the opening degree of the second adjusting valve and/or the opening degree of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the first catalyst bed reaches a second preset threshold;
adjusting the opening degree of the first adjusting valve and/or the opening degree of the second adjusting valve and/or the opening degree of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the second catalyst bed reaches a third preset threshold;
and adjusting the opening of the first adjusting valve and/or the opening of the second adjusting valve and/or the opening of the third adjusting valve until the temperature of the third catalyst bed reaches a fourth preset threshold value so as to enable the temperature of the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor to reach the first preset threshold value.
12. The green ammonia control method according to claim 10, further comprising, before determining whether the temperature of the ammonia synthesis reactor outlet reaches a preset threshold:
adjusting the opening of the fifth regulating valve according to the operation load to control the hydrogen gas inflow amount;
and adjusting the opening of the sixth regulating valve according to the hydrogen gas inlet amount and the mixing proportion of the hydrogen gas and the nitrogen gas so as to control the nitrogen gas inlet amount.
13. The green ammonia control method according to claim 10, characterized in that before or after adjusting the opening degree of the first regulating valve, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the second regulating valve, and/or adjusting the opening degree of the third regulating valve so that the temperature of the produced air at the outlet of the ammonia synthesis reactor reaches a preset temperature value, further comprising:
judging whether the pressure in the first compressor is higher than a preset pressure value;
if yes, opening a seventh regulating valve and/or regulating the rotation speed of the first compressor;
if not, the rotation speed of the first compressor is regulated.
14. The green ammonia control method of claim 13, further comprising, prior to determining whether the pressure in the first compressor is above a preset pressure value:
the opening degree of the seventh regulating valve is regulated to control the reflux amount of the hydrogen and the nitrogen.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein the mixing ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen is 3:1.
CN202310801264.6A 2023-06-30 2023-06-30 Green synthetic ammonia control system and method Pending CN116966839A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117509671A (en) * 2024-01-08 2024-02-06 华电曹妃甸重工装备有限公司 System for dynamic synthesis of green ammonia by new energy hydrogen production and operation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117509671A (en) * 2024-01-08 2024-02-06 华电曹妃甸重工装备有限公司 System for dynamic synthesis of green ammonia by new energy hydrogen production and operation method thereof
CN117509671B (en) * 2024-01-08 2024-03-22 华电曹妃甸重工装备有限公司 System for dynamic synthesis of green ammonia by new energy hydrogen production and operation method thereof

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