CN116961475A - DC motor starting control method and device, electrical equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
DC motor starting control method and device, electrical equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN116961475A CN116961475A CN202310899068.7A CN202310899068A CN116961475A CN 116961475 A CN116961475 A CN 116961475A CN 202310899068 A CN202310899068 A CN 202310899068A CN 116961475 A CN116961475 A CN 116961475A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 13
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/18—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual dc motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/06—Details with automatic reconnection
- H02H3/066—Reconnection being a consequence of eliminating the fault which caused disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/0811—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for dc motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/0816—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors concerning the starting sequence, e.g. limiting the number of starts per time unit, monitoring speed during starting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of motor control, and discloses a direct current motor starting control method, a device, electrical equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after receiving a starting instruction of the direct current motor, sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power-on of the direct current motor for a first preset time period, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully or not in the three-phase winding power-on process; if the direct current motor is not started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a second preset time period, returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase electrifying preset time period of the direct current motor, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process or not until the power-off times reach the first preset power-off times; and if the direct current motor is successfully started in the three-phase winding electrifying process, controlling the direct current motor to enter a normal running mode. By utilizing the three-phase winding of the direct current motor to sequentially perform multiphase switching starting, the starting failure of the balance position is avoided, and the running reliability of the motor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor control, in particular to a direct current motor starting control method, a direct current motor starting control device, electrical equipment and a storage medium.
Background
With the increase of the types and demands of household appliances, the requirements of users on the performances of the household appliances are also higher, and the direct current motor is used as a common internal driving component and is widely applied to various household appliances, such as a range hood, an air purifier and the like. However, if the stator and the rotor are at a specific weak point, namely a balance position, when the direct current motor is started, the starting torque is smaller and the load cannot be driven to rotate, so that the starting failure is caused. Therefore, how to achieve reliable starting of the dc motor in the equilibrium position is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, an electrical device and a storage medium for controlling the start of a dc motor, so as to solve the problem of failure in starting the dc motor at a balance position in the related art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling the start of a dc motor, including:
after receiving a starting instruction of a direct current motor, sequentially controlling the single-phase power-on of a three-phase winding of the direct current motor for a first preset time period, and detecting whether the direct current motor is successfully started or not in the power-on process of the three-phase winding;
if the direct current motor is not started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a second preset time period, returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase electrifying preset time periods of the direct current motor, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process until the power-off times reach a first preset power-off times;
and if the direct current motor is successfully started in the three-phase winding electrifying process, controlling the direct current motor to enter a normal running mode.
Therefore, in the starting process of the direct current motor, the three-phase winding of the direct current motor is utilized to sequentially perform multiphase switching starting, the problem that the direct current motor cannot be started at the balance position is solved through switching of the internal starting angle, the running reliability of the motor is further improved through increasing the number of starting periods, the compatibility of products is improved, and the use experience of users to the products is improved.
In an alternative embodiment, if the dc motor is successfully started during the three-phase winding energization, before the dc motor is controlled to enter the normal operation mode, the method further includes:
detecting whether the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is smaller than a first preset rotating speed threshold value or not;
and when the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is not smaller than the first preset rotating speed threshold value, controlling the direct current motor to enter a normal running mode.
Therefore, before the direct current motor is controlled to normally operate, the rotating speed of the direct current motor is detected, the rotating speed of the direct current motor can be guaranteed to meet the normal operation requirement of a load, the stability and the reliability of the direct current motor in the operation process are further guaranteed, and the use experience of a user on products is improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises:
and when the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is smaller than the first preset rotating speed threshold value, after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a third preset time period, returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power on of the direct current motor for the first preset time period, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding power on process until the power off times reach the second preset power off times, and controlling the direct current motor to stop and/or perform fault alarm.
Therefore, when the rotating speed of the direct current motor can not meet the normal running requirement of a load, the direct current motor is controlled to restart after power failure, so that the problem that components and parts heat due to continuous power supply when the locked rotor is abnormal is avoided, and the temporary starting faults can be discharged through restarting the starting process of the direct current motor, so that the running efficiency of the direct current motor is improved, and when the direct current motor can not always meet the load running requirement, operation staff can conduct fault investigation on the direct current motor in a fault alarming mode, damage to the direct current motor is avoided in a mode of controlling the direct current motor to stop, and the service life of the direct current motor is prolonged.
In an alternative embodiment, the detecting whether the dc motor is started successfully during the energizing of the three-phase winding includes:
detecting the real-time rotating speed of the direct current motor in the process of electrifying the three-phase windings;
judging whether the real-time rotating speed is larger than a second preset rotating speed threshold value or not;
and if the real-time rotating speed is larger than the second preset rotating speed threshold value, determining that the direct current motor is successfully started.
Therefore, the starting condition of the direct current motor can be accurately judged by detecting the rotating speed of the direct current motor in real time in the reversing starting process of the direct current motor, and whether the direct current motor can normally run or not is determined.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises:
and if the real-time rotating speed is not greater than the second preset rotating speed threshold value, determining that the direct current motor is not started successfully.
Therefore, the starting condition of the direct current motor can be accurately judged by detecting the rotating speed of the direct current motor in real time in the reversing starting process of the direct current motor, and whether the direct current motor can normally run or not is determined.
In an alternative embodiment, the first preset duration, the second preset duration, and the first preset power-off number are determined by the following formula:
M＝(a+b)c-b
wherein M represents the longest time for reaching a first preset rotating speed threshold value after the direct current motor is started, a represents a first preset time length, b represents a second preset time length, and c represents a first preset power-off frequency.
Therefore, the single-phase starting time length, the power-off interval time length and the power-off times of the direct-current motor are set by utilizing the longest time that the direct-current motor reaches the normal running rotating speed after being started, the flexible control of the starting of the direct-current motor is realized, and the starting success rate and the reliability of the detection result of the direct-current motor are further improved.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a dc motor start control apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the first control module is used for sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power-on of the direct current motor for a first preset time period after receiving a starting instruction of the direct current motor, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully or not in the three-phase winding power-on process;
the second control module is used for returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power-on preset time length of the direct current motor after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a second preset time length if the direct current motor is not started successfully in the three-phase winding power-on process, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding power-on process or not until the power-off times reach a first preset power-off times;
and the third control module is used for controlling the direct current motor to enter a normal running mode if the direct current motor is successfully started in the three-phase winding electrifying process.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electrical apparatus comprising: a dc motor and a controller, the controller comprising: the direct current motor starting control method comprises the steps of storing a computer instruction in a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are in communication connection, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the direct current motor starting control method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment of the first aspect is executed.
In an alternative embodiment, the electrical device is a range hood or an air purifier.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the dc motor start control method of the first aspect or any one of the embodiments corresponding thereto.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a direct current motor start control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of another dc motor start control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of another direct current motor start control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific control process for DC motor start-up according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of DC motor fault detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a direct current motor start control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a controller in an electrical apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
With the increase of the types and demands of household appliances, the requirements of users on the performances of the household appliances are also higher, and the direct current motor is used as a common internal driving component and is widely applied to various household appliances, such as a range hood, an air purifier and the like. However, if the stator and the rotor are at a specific weak point (balance position) during starting, the starting torque of the direct current motor is smaller, and the load cannot be driven to rotate, so that the starting failure is caused. Under the condition of not changing the structure of the motor, how to avoid the problems caused by the driving of the range hood is a technology worthy of research.
According to the direct current motor starting control scheme, the multi-angle reversing starting control method of the built-in drive in the software design of the internal drive of the direct current motor supports multi-phase switching starting operation, the problem of motor starting failure in the balance position is solved, the direct current motor can be normally started in the balance position, reliable operation of the direct current motor is guaranteed, and compatibility and reliability of products are improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a direct current motor start control method embodiment, it being noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the drawings may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different from that herein.
In this embodiment, a method for controlling the start of a dc motor is provided, where the method may be used for a controller, i.e. a control chip, of the dc motor, such as an MCU, a single-chip microcomputer, etc., fig. 1 is a flowchart of the method for controlling the start of the dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, and the flowchart includes the following steps:
step S101, after receiving a starting instruction of the direct current motor, sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power-on of the direct current motor for a first preset time period, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully or not in the three-phase winding power-on process.
Specifically, the inside of the direct current motor is provided with u, v and w three-phase windings, the three-phase windings can be randomly sequenced, the three-phase windings are electrified for 4s in sequence, and whether the direct current motor is started successfully in each phase of electric communication process is detected.
The first preset duration is the longest time for successful start of the motor after the single-phase power-on of the direct-current motor, and the first preset duration can be measured according to a related start experiment of the type of the direct-current motor, and is exemplified by 4s in the embodiment of the invention, and in practical application, the first preset duration can be flexibly set according to the type of the direct-current motor, the start requirement and the like, such as 3s, and the invention is not limited thereto.
Step S102, if the direct current motor is not started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a second preset time period, returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase electrifying preset time period of the direct current motor, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process until the power-off times reach the first preset power-off times.
The second preset time length is a power-off time interval of the two restarting processes of the direct current motor, and the purpose of setting the power-off time interval is to avoid continuous power supply when the locked rotor is abnormal, the components generate heat, and on the other hand, the power-off restarting is also to reinitialize built-in driving of the motor. The second preset duration is, for example, 3s, and may be selected empirically, or may be flexibly adjusted according to the actual locked-rotor requirement, for example, 4s, or the like. The first preset power-off times are the maximum starting times of the motor in a single starting period, so that the force angle is changed through multiple reversals, the starting success rate is improved, and specific numerical values can be flexibly set according to the starting requirements of the motor, such as: 2 times, 3 times, etc., the invention is not limited thereto.
Step S103, if the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, the direct current motor is controlled to enter a normal operation mode.
Specifically, if the direct current motor is started successfully, the direct current motor can work normally with load and enter a normal running mode, and the electric equipment provided with the direct current motor is taken as a range hood for example, and the motor can normally drive the fan to rotate.
Therefore, in the starting process of the direct current motor, the three-phase winding of the direct current motor is utilized to sequentially perform multiphase switching starting, the problem that the direct current motor cannot be started at the balance position is solved through switching of the internal starting angle, the running reliability of the motor is further improved through increasing the number of starting periods, the compatibility of products is improved, and the use experience of users to the products is improved.
In this embodiment, another method for controlling the start of a dc motor is provided, where the method may be used for a controller, i.e. a control chip, of the dc motor, such as an MCU, a single-chip microcomputer, etc., and fig. 2 is a flowchart of the method for controlling the start of the dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, where the flowchart includes the following steps:
step S201, after receiving a starting instruction of the direct current motor, sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power on of the direct current motor for a first preset time period, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding power on process.
Specifically, the step S201 specifically includes the following steps:
step S2011, after receiving a starting instruction of the direct current motor, sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power on of the direct current motor for a first preset time length, and detecting the real-time rotating speed of the direct current motor in the three-phase winding power on process.
Specifically, the frequency of the hall signal can be detected by a manner of embedding the hall device in the motor and then converted into the real-time rotating speed of the motor, and in addition, the real-time rotating speed of the motor can also be detected by detecting the alternating signal of the induced electromotive force of the motor.
Step S2012, determining whether the real-time rotation speed is greater than a second preset rotation speed threshold.
The second preset rotating speed threshold is the minimum rotating speed corresponding to the starting of the direct current motor, and is exemplified by 50rpm/min, if the real-time rotating speed of the motor is greater than 50rpmmin, the starting of the motor is considered to be successful, otherwise, the starting of the motor is considered to be failed.
And step S2013, if the real-time rotating speed is larger than a second preset rotating speed threshold value, determining that the direct current motor is started successfully.
And step S2014, if the real-time rotating speed is not greater than the second preset rotating speed threshold value, determining that the direct current motor is not started successfully.
Therefore, the starting condition of the direct current motor can be accurately judged by detecting the rotating speed of the direct current motor in real time in the reversing starting process of the direct current motor, and whether the direct current motor can normally run or not is determined.
Step S202, if the direct current motor is not started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a second preset time period, returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase electrifying preset time period of the direct current motor, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process or not until the power-off times reach the first preset power-off times. Details are related to the step S102 shown in fig. 1, and will not be described herein.
Step S203, if the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, the direct current motor is controlled to enter a normal operation mode. Details are related to step S103 shown in fig. 1, and will not be described here again.
In this embodiment, there is provided another dc motor start control method, which may be used for a controller, i.e., a control chip, of a dc motor, such as an MCU, a single-chip microcomputer, etc., fig. 3 is a flowchart of a dc motor start control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, where the flowchart includes the following steps:
step S301, after receiving a starting instruction of the direct current motor, sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power on of the direct current motor for a first preset time period, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding power on process. Details are related to the step S201 shown in fig. 2, and will not be described here again.
Step S302, if the direct current motor is not started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a second preset time period, returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase electrifying preset time period of the direct current motor, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process or not until the power-off times reach the first preset power-off times. Details are related to the step S202 shown in fig. 2, and will not be described herein.
Step S303, if the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, the direct current motor is controlled to enter a normal operation mode.
Specifically, the step S303 includes:
step S3031, if the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, detecting whether the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is smaller than a first preset rotating speed threshold value.
The first preset rotation speed threshold is a rotation speed of the direct current motor capable of normally carrying out load operation, and is related to a requirement of a load, and by taking the load of the direct current motor as an example of a fan of the range hood, the first preset rotation speed threshold is 300rmp/min, and in practical application, the first preset rotation speed threshold can be flexibly set according to the requirement of the actual load, such as 500rmp/min, etc., and the invention is not limited thereto.
Step S3032, when the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is not less than the first preset rotating speed threshold value, the direct current motor is controlled to enter a normal operation mode.
Therefore, before the direct current motor is controlled to normally operate, the rotating speed of the direct current motor is detected, the rotating speed of the direct current motor can be guaranteed to meet the normal operation requirement of a load, the stability and the reliability of the direct current motor in the operation process are further guaranteed, and the use experience of a user on products is improved.
Step S3033, when the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is smaller than a first preset rotating speed threshold value, after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a third preset time period, the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power on of the direct current motor for the first preset time period is returned, and whether the direct current motor is started successfully or not is detected in the three-phase winding power on process until the power off times reach a second preset power off times, and the direct current motor is controlled to be stopped and/or a fault alarm is carried out.
The third preset time length is a power-off time interval between two starting periods of the direct current motor, and the purpose of setting the power-off time interval is to avoid continuous power supply when the abnormal locked rotor exists, so that the components generate heat, and on the other hand, the power-off restarting is also to reinitialize built-in driving of the motor. The third preset duration is, for example, 4s, and may be selected empirically, or may be flexibly adjusted according to the actual locked-rotor requirement, for example, 3s, or the like. The second preset power-off times can be flexibly set according to the detection precision requirement, whether the motor rotation speed reaches the load capacity is judged for many times, the detection reliability is improved, erroneous judgment is avoided, and the starting success rate of the direct current motor is further improved.
Therefore, when the rotating speed of the direct current motor can not meet the normal running requirement of a load, the direct current motor is controlled to restart after power failure, so that the problem that components and parts heat due to continuous power supply when the locked rotor is abnormal is avoided, and the temporary starting faults can be discharged through restarting the starting process of the direct current motor, so that the running efficiency of the direct current motor is improved, and when the direct current motor can not always meet the load running requirement, operation staff can conduct fault investigation on the direct current motor in a fault alarming mode, damage to the direct current motor is avoided in a mode of controlling the direct current motor to stop, and the service life of the direct current motor is prolonged.
In some alternative embodiments, the first preset time period and the second preset time period and the first preset power-off number are determined by the following formula (1):
M＝(a+b)c-b(1)
wherein M represents the longest time for reaching a first preset rotating speed threshold value after the direct current motor is started, a represents a first preset time length, b represents a second preset time length, and c represents a first preset power-off frequency.
Specifically, in practical application, the longest time for reaching the first preset rotating speed threshold after the direct current motor is started can be obtained according to test detection, and finally determined longest time can be flexibly adjusted according to actual detection requirements on the basis of the actual longest time obtained through test detection, and only needs to be noted, so that misjudgment is easy to happen due to too short time, and response is not timely due to too long time.
Therefore, the single-phase starting time length, the power-off interval time length and the power-off times of the direct-current motor are set by utilizing the longest time that the direct-current motor reaches the normal running rotating speed after being started, the flexible control of the starting of the direct-current motor is realized, and the starting success rate and the reliability of the detection result of the direct-current motor are further improved.
The method for controlling the start of the dc motor according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific application examples.
When the driving method of single-phase energization is adopted, if the motor is just in the equilibrium position, the magnetic flux generated by energizing the stator and the rotor is opposite to the direction of the induction magnetic pole, enough starting moment cannot be generated, and the motor cannot be started. In order to ensure reliable operation of a motor, the invention provides a direct current motor starting control method, which solves the problem that a balancing position cannot be started by carrying out multi-angle reversing starting in a starting period, and a main control E fault detection logic of a range hood and a built-in driving program of the motor are required to be modified, and specific program flowcharts are shown in fig. 4 and 5. The specific embodiment is as follows:
(1) master E fault detection logic
In order to ensure that the built-in drive has enough commutation starting time, the running time parameter and the number of times of starting attempts are designed. As shown in fig. 4, after the range hood is powered on, the power-on working time is 30s, a built-in driving program of the motor is executed in the period, if the detected motor rotation speed does not reach 300rpm after the driving is finished, the power-on is restarted for 4s, the cycle is executed for 3 periods, and if the motor still reaches the preset rotation speed after the cycle is finished, the fault E is reported. The execution of 3 periods is equivalent to internal restarting, if three times of restarting can not be started, a fault is reported, if two times or three times of restarting can be started normally, the operation is continued, and other starting faults which can be processed by restarting are solved.
(2) Built-in driving logic of motor
The built-in driving program of the motor adopts the switching of the internal starting angle, as shown in fig. 5, the direct current motor enters a variable angle starting period after being electrified, three phases of the u, v and w three-phase windings are respectively and sequentially tried to be started, the single-phase is electrified for 4s, if the built-in Hall device of the motor does not detect the starting operation of the motor, namely, the rotating speed is lower than 50rpm, the built-in Hall device of the motor is stopped for 3s, and the process is repeated again, so that the internal operation starting period is increased, and the operation reliability of the motor is improved.
It should be explained that: k represents a three-phase winding, i=0, 1, 2 is winding direction switching, i.e., k [0] =u, k [1] =v, k [2] =w, j represents the number of cycles. The motor starts at one time in three windings u, v and w, if the motor is not started to run at each time of powering up different windings in the period, the motor is stopped for 3 seconds, and then the winding powering up cycle is executed again, namely the second period is started. The program is a built-in driving program of the motor in the main logic, and is responsible for driving the motor and detecting the starting operation of the motor.
According to the embodiment of the invention, by setting the fault detection logic of the range hood and the multi-angle reversing starting control method of the built-in drive of the motor, the starting operation reliability of the unit can be effectively improved, the multiphase switching starting operation is supported, the problem of starting failure of the motor at the balance position is solved, and the compatibility and reliability of products are improved. In the software design of the internal drive of the range hood and the motor, the direct current motor can be normally started at the balance position, so that the reliable operation of the range hood is ensured, and the use experience of a user is improved.
In this embodiment, a dc motor start control device is further provided, and the device is used to implement the foregoing embodiments and preferred embodiments, and will not be described again. As used below, the term "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. While the means described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
The present embodiment provides a dc motor start control device, as shown in fig. 6, including:
the first control module 601 is configured to sequentially control a three-phase winding of the dc motor to be electrified for a first preset period of time after receiving a start command of the dc motor, and detect whether the dc motor is started successfully during the three-phase winding electrifying process;
the second control module 602 is configured to, if the dc motor is not started successfully in the three-phase winding powering-on process, return to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase powering-on preset time length of the dc motor after the dc motor is controlled to be powered off for a second preset time length, and detect whether the dc motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding powering-on process until the number of times of power failure reaches a first preset number of times of power failure;
the third control module 603 is configured to control the dc motor to enter the normal operation mode if the dc motor is successfully started during the energizing process of the three-phase winding.
In some alternative embodiments, if the dc motor is started successfully during the three-phase winding energization, before controlling the dc motor to enter the normal operation mode, the dc motor start control apparatus further includes:
the detection judging module is used for detecting whether the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is smaller than a first preset rotating speed threshold value or not;
and the fourth control module is used for controlling the direct current motor to enter a normal running mode when the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is not smaller than a first preset rotating speed threshold value.
In some alternative embodiments, the dc motor start control apparatus further includes:
and the fifth control module is used for controlling the direct current motor to be powered off for a third preset time period when the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is smaller than a first preset rotating speed threshold value, returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power on of the direct current motor for the first preset time period, detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding power on process, and controlling the direct current motor to stop and/or perform fault alarm until the power-off times reach a second preset power-off times.
In some alternative embodiments, the first control module 601 specifically includes:
the real-time rotating speed detection unit is used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the direct current motor in the process of electrifying the three-phase winding;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the real-time rotating speed is larger than a second preset rotating speed threshold value or not;
and the starting success judging unit is used for determining that the direct current motor is successfully started if the real-time rotating speed is greater than a second preset rotating speed threshold value.
In some alternative embodiments, the first control module 601 further comprises:
and the starting failure judging unit is used for determining that the direct current motor is not started successfully if the real-time rotating speed is not greater than the second preset rotating speed threshold value.
In some alternative embodiments, the first preset time period and the second preset time period and the first preset power-off number are determined by the following formula:
M＝(a+b)c-b
wherein M represents the longest time for reaching a first preset rotating speed threshold value after the direct current motor is started, a represents a first preset time length, b represents a second preset time length, and c represents a first preset power-off frequency.
Further functional descriptions of the above respective modules and units are the same as those of the above corresponding embodiments, and are not repeated here.
The dc motor start control device in this embodiment is presented in the form of a functional unit, where the unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit ) circuit, a processor and a memory executing one or more software or fixed programs, and/or other devices that can provide the above functions.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electrical apparatus, referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical apparatus provided in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, where the electrical apparatus includes: a controller 702 for the dc motor 701. The controller 702 has the dc motor start control device shown in fig. 6.
In some embodiments, the electrical device may be a range hood or an air purifier. In the embodiment of the present invention, the range hood is taken as an example of the electrical equipment, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the controller 702 according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the controller 702 includes: one or more processors 10, memory 20, and interfaces for connecting the various components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The various components are communicatively coupled to each other using different buses and may be mounted on a common motherboard or in other manners as desired. The processor may process instructions executing within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of the GUI on an external input/output device, such as a display device coupled to the interface. In some alternative embodiments, multiple processors and/or multiple buses may be used, if desired, along with multiple memories and multiple memories. Also, multiple computer devices may be connected, each providing a portion of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a set of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). One processor 10 is illustrated in fig. 8.
The processor 10 may be a central processor, a network processor, or a combination thereof. The processor 10 may further include a hardware chip, among others. The hardware chip may be an application specific integrated circuit, a programmable logic device, or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device, a field programmable gate array, a general-purpose array logic, or any combination thereof.
Wherein the memory 20 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 10 to cause the at least one processor 10 to perform a method for implementing the embodiments described above.
The memory 20 may include a storage program area that may store an operating system, at least one application program required for functions, and a storage data area; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the computer device, etc. In addition, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, memory 20 may optionally include memory located remotely from processor 10, which may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
Memory 20 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk, or solid state disk; the memory 20 may also comprise a combination of the above types of memories.
The controller 702 also includes a communication interface 30 for the controller to communicate with other devices or communication networks.
The embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable storage medium, and the method according to the embodiments of the present invention described above may be implemented in hardware, firmware, or as a computer code which may be recorded on a storage medium, or as original stored in a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine readable storage medium downloaded through a network and to be stored in a local storage medium, so that the method described herein may be stored on such software process on a storage medium using a general purpose computer, a special purpose processor, or programmable or special purpose hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a flash memory, a hard disk, a solid state disk or the like; further, the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above. It will be appreciated that a computer, processor, microprocessor controller or programmable hardware includes a storage element that can store or receive software or computer code that, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor or hardware, implements the methods illustrated by the above embodiments.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for controlling the start of a dc motor, the method comprising:
after receiving a starting instruction of a direct current motor, sequentially controlling the single-phase power-on of a three-phase winding of the direct current motor for a first preset time period, and detecting whether the direct current motor is successfully started or not in the power-on process of the three-phase winding;
if the direct current motor is not started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process, after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a second preset time period, returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase electrifying preset time periods of the direct current motor, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding electrifying process until the power-off times reach a first preset power-off times;
and if the direct current motor is successfully started in the three-phase winding electrifying process, controlling the direct current motor to enter a normal running mode.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein if the dc motor is successfully started during the three-phase winding energization, the method further comprises, prior to controlling the dc motor to enter a normal operating mode:
detecting whether the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is smaller than a first preset rotating speed threshold value or not;
and when the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is not smaller than the first preset rotating speed threshold value, controlling the direct current motor to enter a normal running mode.
3. The method as recited in claim 2, further comprising:
and when the current rotating speed of the direct current motor is smaller than the first preset rotating speed threshold value, after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a third preset time period, returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power on of the direct current motor for the first preset time period, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding power on process until the power off times reach the second preset power off times, and controlling the direct current motor to stop and/or perform fault alarm.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first and second preset durations and the first preset number of power-off times are determined by the following formula:
M＝(a+b)c-b
wherein M represents the longest time for reaching a first preset rotating speed threshold value after the direct current motor is started, a represents a first preset time length, b represents a second preset time length, and c represents a first preset power-off frequency.
5. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein detecting whether the dc motor has started successfully during the three-phase winding energization includes:
detecting the real-time rotating speed of the direct current motor in the process of electrifying the three-phase windings;
judging whether the real-time rotating speed is larger than a second preset rotating speed threshold value or not;
and if the real-time rotating speed is larger than the second preset rotating speed threshold value, determining that the direct current motor is successfully started.
6. The method as recited in claim 5, further comprising:
and if the real-time rotating speed is not greater than the second preset rotating speed threshold value, determining that the direct current motor is not started successfully.
7. A direct current motor start control device, characterized in that the device comprises:
the first control module is used for sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power-on of the direct current motor for a first preset time period after receiving a starting instruction of the direct current motor, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully or not in the three-phase winding power-on process;
the second control module is used for returning to the step of sequentially controlling the three-phase winding single-phase power-on preset time length of the direct current motor after the direct current motor is controlled to be powered off for a second preset time length if the direct current motor is not started successfully in the three-phase winding power-on process, and detecting whether the direct current motor is started successfully in the three-phase winding power-on process or not until the power-off times reach a first preset power-off times;
and the third control module is used for controlling the direct current motor to enter a normal running mode if the direct current motor is successfully started in the three-phase winding electrifying process.
8. An electrical device, comprising: a dc motor and a controller, the controller comprising:
a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory having stored therein computer instructions, the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the direct current motor start control method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. The electrical appliance according to claim 8, wherein the electrical appliance is a range hood or an air purifier.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the direct current motor start control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310899068.7A CN116961475A (en) | 2023-07-20 | 2023-07-20 | DC motor starting control method and device, electrical equipment and storage medium |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310899068.7A CN116961475A (en) | 2023-07-20 | 2023-07-20 | DC motor starting control method and device, electrical equipment and storage medium |
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| CN116961475A true CN116961475A (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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| CN202310899068.7A Pending CN116961475A (en) | 2023-07-20 | 2023-07-20 | DC motor starting control method and device, electrical equipment and storage medium |
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