CN116950739B - Brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system and method - Google Patents
Brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116950739B CN116950739B CN202310998070.XA CN202310998070A CN116950739B CN 116950739 B CN116950739 B CN 116950739B CN 202310998070 A CN202310998070 A CN 202310998070A CN 116950739 B CN116950739 B CN 116950739B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004514 thermodynamic simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/30—Solar heat collectors using working fluids with means for exchanging heat between two or more working fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/06—Flash distillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of thermal cycle, in particular to a Brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system and method, wherein the system comprises: the heat collection circulation comprises a heat collection device, a first heater and a heat conduction oil pump, wherein the heat collection device, the first heater and the heat conduction oil pump are connected with a heat collection pipeline; the main power generation cycle comprises a main circulation pipeline connected with a first heater, and a CO2 turbine, a high-temperature heat regenerator and a low-temperature heat regenerator which are sequentially connected with the main circulation pipeline, wherein a hot side output end of the low-temperature heat regenerator is branched out of a first backflow path and a second backflow path; the first reflux path is provided with a second heater, the cold side of the second heater is connected with a flash evaporation power generation cycle, the flash evaporation power generation cycle comprises a flash evaporation turbine group and a flash evaporation separator which are connected in series by a flash evaporation circulation pipeline, and the flash evaporation turbine group comprises an organic working medium turbine. The application eliminates the direct cooling requirement of working medium in the Brayton cycle, effectively reduces the cost, effectively reduces the irreversible loss of heat, greatly reduces the waste of heat energy resources and effectively improves the overall power generation efficiency of the Brayton cycle power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of thermal cycle, in particular to a Brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system and method.
Background
The Brayton cycle is a thermodynamic cycle taking gas as a working medium, CO 2 is taken as a natural substance, has the advantages of safety, no toxicity, low cost, good stability and the like, has higher suitability with the Brayton cycle, has higher thermal efficiency, more compact equipment structure, stronger load response flexibility and better environmental protection compared with other power generation technologies when being applied to the Brayton cycle, and along with the improvement of the working medium state control capability, supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO 2) is gradually perfected as the technology of the working medium applied to the Brayton cycle, has the characteristics of high efficiency, flexibility, reliability and the like, and has great development potential in the field of high-temperature heat sources (more than 500 ℃).
In recent years, a great deal of researches are carried out on the CO 2 working medium Brayton cycle power generation technology by a plurality of students at home and abroad, and the fact that when power generation is carried out, the heat energy consumption and the electric energy output are often mismatched, the CO 2 working medium at the outlet of the turbine machine still has higher temperature, when the conventional Brayton cycle is applied to actual industrial power generation, a cooling device is directly adopted to cool working medium fluid at the outlet of the turbine machine, so that the cost is increased, meanwhile, the excessive heat of the CO 2 working medium cannot be used for cycle power generation, so that a higher proportion of irreversible loss exists in the heat exchange process, larger heat energy resource waste exists, and the cycle power generation efficiency is severely limited.
In summary, how to improve the cooling mode of the CO 2 working medium at the turbine outlet in the brayton cycle, reduce energy waste, and improve the cycle efficiency becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently by researchers in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the application aims to provide a brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system and method, and aims to solve the problems that the cost is increased due to the fact that a cooling device is directly adopted to cool working medium fluid at a turbine mechanical outlet, and meanwhile, excessive heat of CO 2 working medium cannot be used for cycle power generation, so that high proportion of irreversible loss exists in a heat exchange process, large heat energy resource waste exists, and the cycle power generation efficiency is severely limited.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system comprising:
The heat collection circulation comprises a heat collection device, a first heater and a heat conduction oil pump, wherein the heat collection device, the first heater and the heat conduction oil pump are connected end to end through a heat collection pipeline to form a circulation path, and the heat collection pipeline is filled with heat conduction oil and connected to the hot side of the first heater;
the main power generation cycle comprises a main circulation pipeline, a CO 2 turbine, a high-temperature heat regenerator and a low-temperature heat regenerator, wherein the main circulation pipeline is sequentially connected with the CO 2 turbine, the high-temperature heat regenerator and the low-temperature heat regenerator from the cold side output end of the first heater and flows back to the cold side input end of the first heater, the output end of the CO 2 turbine is connected with the hot side input end of the high-temperature heat regenerator, the hot side output end of the high-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the hot side input end of the low-temperature heat regenerator, the hot side output end of the low-temperature heat regenerator is shunted out of a first reflux path and a second reflux path, the first reflux path flows back to the cold side input end of the low-temperature heat regenerator, the cold side output end of the low-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the cold side input end of the high-temperature heat regenerator, the cold side output end of the high-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the first heater, and the heat regenerator is filled with a working medium in the main heat regenerator 2;
The first reflux path is provided with a second heater, the first reflux path penetrates through the hot side of the second heater, the cold side of the second heater is connected with a flash evaporation power generation cycle, the flash evaporation power generation cycle comprises a flash evaporation turbine set and a flash evaporation separator which are connected in series through a flash evaporation circulation pipeline, the flash evaporation turbine set comprises an organic working medium turbine connected to the output end of the flash evaporation separator, and the flash evaporation circulation pipeline is filled with an organic working medium.
Further, the flash evaporation turbine set further comprises a two-phase expander, the two-phase expander is connected to the cold side output end of the second heater, the flash evaporation separator is connected between the two-phase expander and the organic working medium turbine, the gas phase end of the flash evaporation separator is connected with the input end of the organic working medium turbine, and the liquid phase end of the flash evaporation separator is connected with the cold side input end of the second heater after being converged with the output end of the organic working medium turbine.
Further, the flash evaporation power generation cycle further comprises a mixer, an organic working medium regenerator and an organic working medium condenser, wherein the output end of the organic working medium turbine is connected with the hot side input end of the organic working medium regenerator, the hot side input end of the organic working medium regenerator is connected with the organic working medium condenser, the organic working medium condenser is connected with the cold side input end of the organic working medium regenerator, the cold side output end of the organic working medium regenerator is connected with the mixer, and the liquid phase end of the flash evaporation separator is connected with the mixer to be converged with the output end of the organic working medium turbine.
Further, the main circulation line is provided with a temperature control valve at a position at which the first return path and the second return path are branched, and the temperature control valve setting position includes at least one of a start end of the first return path and a start end of the second return path.
Further, a first compressor is arranged on the first backflow path and connected between the hot side output end of the second heater and the low-temperature regenerator, and a second compressor is arranged on the second backflow path.
Further, a CO 2 condenser is also connected between the first compressor and the second heater.
Further, the flash evaporation power generation cycle further comprises a first working medium pump and a second working medium pump, wherein the first working medium pump is connected between the organic working medium condenser and the cold side input end of the organic working medium regenerator, and the second working medium pump is connected between the liquid phase end of the flash evaporation separator and the mixer.
Further, the heat collecting device comprises a solar heat collector, the heat collecting cycle further comprises a heat conduction oil heat exchanger connected with the solar heat collector in parallel, and a heat storage tank group connected with the heat conduction oil heat exchanger, and the heat storage tank group comprises a plurality of heat storage tanks for storing heat conduction oil in different temperature ranges.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation method suitable for generating power using a brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system as described above, comprising:
the heat collection device is used for collecting heat, and heat is transferred to the hot side of the first heater by using heat conduction oil so as to heat the CO 2 working medium on the cold side of the first heater;
The CO 2 working medium after being heated by the first heater enters the main power generation cycle, and firstly enters the CO 2 turbine to do work and generate power;
The CO 2 working medium output from the CO 2 turbine enters the hot side of the high-temperature heat regenerator and the hot side of the low-temperature heat regenerator to exchange heat;
Splitting the CO 2 working medium output by the hot side of the low-temperature heat regenerator to the first reflux path and/or the second reflux path;
the CO 2 working medium entering the first reflux path heats the organic working medium in the flash circulation through the second heater, so that the heated organic working medium is used for acting on the organic working medium turbine to generate electricity;
The CO 2 working medium output from the second heater flows back to the cold side of the low-temperature heat regenerator to exchange heat, and then flows back to the cold side of the high-temperature heat regenerator together with the CO 2 working medium in the second return path to exchange heat;
And the CO 2 working medium output from the cold side of the high-temperature heat regenerator flows back to the first heater to form a circulation path.
Further, the splitting the CO 2 working medium output from the hot side of the low-temperature regenerator to the first backflow path and/or the second backflow path includes:
acquiring a preset temperature-proportion table, wherein the temperature-proportion table stores the corresponding relation between at least one group of working medium temperature intervals and working medium split proportion;
Before the split flow, detecting the working medium temperature of the CO 2 working medium output by the hot side of the low-temperature heat regenerator;
Matching the temperature-proportion table based on the working medium temperature, and determining a target distribution proportion from one or more working medium distribution proportions so that the working medium temperature falls into the working medium temperature interval corresponding to the target distribution proportion;
And splitting the CO 2 working medium to the first reflux path and the second reflux path according to the target splitting ratio.
As described above, the Brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system and method provided by the application have at least the following beneficial effects:
The flash evaporation power generation cycle is coupled to the turbine output end of the Brayton cycle, and the redundant heat of the CO 2 working medium is used for flash evaporation cycle power generation, so that the direct cooling requirement of the working medium in the Brayton cycle is eliminated, the cost is effectively reduced, the irreversible loss of heat is effectively reduced, the heat energy resource waste is greatly reduced, and the overall power generation efficiency of the Brayton cycle power generation is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system shown in an exemplary embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a heat collection cycle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a main power generation cycle shown in an exemplary embodiment of the application
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flash power generation cycle shown in an exemplary embodiment of the application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a Brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation process shown in an exemplary embodiment of the application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of a step S400 of a Brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-heat collection cycle; 101-a heat collecting pipeline; 11-a heat collecting device; 12-a first heater; 13-a heat conduction oil pump; 14-a heat conduction oil heat exchanger; 15-a heat storage tank;
2-main power generation cycle; 201-a main circulation pipeline; 202-a first return path; 203-a second return path; 204—a temperature control valve; a 21-CO 2 turbine; 22-high temperature regenerator; 23-a low temperature regenerator; 24-a second heater; 25-a first compressor; 26-a second compressor; a 27-CO 2 condenser;
3-flash power generation cycle; 301-flash circulation line; 31-flash separator; 32-an organic working medium turbine; 33-two-phase expander; 34-a mixer; 35-an organic working medium regenerator; 36-an organic working medium condenser; 37-a first working medium pump; 38-a second working medium pump.
Detailed Description
In order that the application may be readily understood, a more complete description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the application. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
Based on this, the present application is intended to provide a solution to the above technical problem, the details of which will be described in the following examples.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1-4, the present application shows a brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system comprising a heat collection cycle 1, a main power generation cycle 2, and a flash power generation cycle 3 coupled to the main power generation cycle 2, in particular, the specific structural composition and function of each cycle is as follows:
The heat collecting cycle 1 is a cycle for collecting heat energy and delivering the heat energy through a working medium, wherein the heat energy comprises but is not limited to heat energy from solar energy, the heat collecting cycle 1 comprises a heat collecting device 11, a first heater 12 and a heat conducting oil pump 13, the heat collecting device 11, the first heater 12 and the heat conducting oil pump 13 are connected end to end through a heat collecting pipeline 101 to form a circulating path, the heat collecting pipeline 101 is filled with heat conducting oil serving as the working medium, and the heat collecting pipeline 101 is connected to the hot side of the first heater 12; it should be noted that, the heater and the regenerator described later are used for heat transfer, and each of the two paths includes at least two paths, namely a cold side and a hot side, and when the working medium passes through the cold side and the hot side respectively, the working medium on the two paths exchanges heat, so as to achieve the purpose of heat transfer.
The main power generation cycle 2 is a cycle path based on brayton cycle, the cycle path is connected with the heat collection cycle 1, the heat energy provided by the heat collection cycle 1 is converted into mechanical energy to perform work, thereby generating power, in this embodiment, the main power generation cycle 2 specifically comprises a main cycle pipeline 201, a CO 2 turbine 21, a high-temperature regenerator 22 and a low-temperature regenerator 23, the main cycle pipeline 201 is a pipeline through which a working medium circulates in the main power generation cycle 2, in this embodiment, the main cycle pipeline 201 is filled with a working medium CO 2, the main cycle pipeline 201 is sequentially connected with the CO 2 turbine 21, the high-temperature regenerator 22 and the low-temperature regenerator 23 from a cold side output end of the first heater 12, and flows back to a cold side input end of the first heater 12, wherein the output end of the CO 2 turbine 21 is connected with a hot side input end of the high-temperature regenerator 22, the hot side output end of the high-temperature regenerator 22 is connected with a hot side input end of the low-temperature regenerator 23, the hot side output end of the low-temperature regenerator 23 is shunted out of the first reflux path 202 and the second reflux path 203, the first reflux path 201 is filled with the working medium in the main cycle pipeline 201, the cold side of the low-temperature regenerator 23 is connected with the cold side of the low-temperature regenerator 23, and the cold side of the high-temperature regenerator 23 is connected with the cold side input end of the high-temperature regenerator 22;
It can be understood that, in the main power generation cycle 2, the main circulation pipeline 201 is connected to the cold side of the first heater 12, the CO 2 working medium therein exchanges heat with the heat conduction oil on the hot side, the working medium heated and warmed to form a gas phase enters the CO 2 turbine 21 to do work and generate power, the CO 2 working medium output by the CO 2 turbine 21 sequentially enters the hot side of the high-temperature regenerator 22 and the hot side of the low-temperature regenerator 23 to exchange heat, and the CO 2 working medium at this time can be split into the first reflux path 202 and the second reflux path 203 to exchange heat and enter the cold side of the high-temperature regenerator 22 and the cold side of the low-temperature regenerator 23 to absorb heat.
According to the circulation, only the heat transfer and heat balance of the CO 2 working medium in the self circulation are realized, the heat carried by the working medium fluid at the outlet of the turbine machinery, namely the CO 2 working medium output by the CO 2 turbine 21, is not sufficiently utilized effectively, therefore, the embodiment is further provided with a flash evaporation power generation circulation 3, specifically, the first reflux path 202 is provided with the second heater 24, the first reflux path 202 passes through the hot side of the second heater 24, the cold side of the second heater 24 is connected with the flash evaporation power generation circulation 3, the flash evaporation power generation circulation 3 comprises a flash evaporation turbine group and a flash evaporation separator 31 which are connected in series by the flash evaporation circulation pipeline 301, the flash evaporation turbine group comprises an organic working medium turbine 32 connected to the output end of the flash evaporation separator 31, the flash evaporation circulation pipeline 301 is filled with the organic working medium, the CO 2 working medium shunted to the first reflux path 202 generates heat transfer in the second heater 24, the organic working medium in the flash evaporation circulation pipeline 301 is heated, the organic working medium enters the flash evaporation separator 31 to separate the high-temperature organic phase, and the high-temperature gas phase is processed by the flash evaporation separator 31, and the heat energy is directly returned to the heat recovery path 5257 from the heat generator through the flash evaporation circulation circuit to the heat exchanger 2 due to the fact that the heat energy is higher than the heat energy of the heat is directly returned to the heat of the second heat generator through the flash evaporation power generation circulation path 2, and the heat energy is directly connected to the heat energy of the heat generator through the heat transfer path through the flash evaporation heat generator through the heat transfer channel.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the low temperature regenerator 23 and the high temperature regenerator 22 are common terms in the art, and the low temperature and the high temperature are not used for the fuzzy description for expanding the description range, but are used for the convenience of understanding of those skilled in the art, and one of the purposes is to distinguish the temperature difference of the CO 2 working medium in the two regenerators.
In summary, in the brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system shown in the application, the flash power generation cycle 3 is coupled to the turbine output end of the brayton cycle, and the redundant heat of the CO 2 working medium is used for flash cycle power generation, so that the direct cooling requirement of the working medium in the brayton cycle is eliminated, the cost is effectively reduced, the irreversible loss of heat is effectively reduced, the waste of heat energy resources is greatly reduced, and the overall power generation efficiency of the brayton cycle power generation is effectively improved.
In this embodiment, the flash evaporation turbine set further includes a two-phase expander 33, the two-phase expander 33 is connected to the cold side output end of the second heater 24, the flash separator 31 is connected between the two-phase expander 33 and the organic working medium turbine 32, the gas phase end of the flash separator 31 is connected to the input end of the organic working medium turbine 32, the liquid phase end of the flash separator 31 is joined to the output end of the organic working medium turbine 32 and then connected to the cold side input end of the second heater 24, the two-phase expander 33 is a device capable of converting the energy of the two-phase fluid into mechanical work, and is mainly used for converting the energy into mechanical work through an expansion process by utilizing the high-pressure and high-temperature energy in the two-phase steam or other two-phase working medium, so as to generate power.
In this embodiment, the flash power generation cycle 3 further includes a mixer 34, an organic working medium regenerator 35 and an organic working medium condenser 36, the output end of the organic working medium turbine 32 is connected to the hot side input end of the organic working medium regenerator 35, the hot side input end of the organic working medium regenerator 35 is connected to the organic working medium condenser 36, the organic working medium condenser 36 is connected to the cold side input end of the organic working medium regenerator 35, the cold side output end of the organic working medium regenerator 35 is connected to the mixer 34, and the liquid phase end of the flash separator 31 is connected to the mixer 34 to join the output end of the organic working medium turbine 32.
In this embodiment, the main circulation pipeline 201 is provided with a temperature control valve 204 at a position where the first backflow path 202 and the second backflow path 203 are branched, where the position where the temperature control valve 204 is provided includes at least one of the start end of the first backflow path 202 and the start end of the second backflow path 203, and is used to control the ratio of the CO 2 working medium branched to the first backflow path 202 and the second backflow path 203, so as to adjust the branched ratio based on the guidance of parameters such as test data or simulation calculation results, so that the overall system has better thermal circulation efficiency.
In this embodiment, the first backflow path 202 is provided with a first compressor 25, the first compressor 25 is connected between the hot side output end of the second heater 24 and the low temperature regenerator 23, the second backflow path 203 is provided with a second compressor 26, the CO 2 working medium enters supercritical carbon dioxide (scco 2) in a supercritical state through compression of the first compressor 25 and the second compressor 26, the same weight is used for occupying smaller volume, the same volume is used for occupying higher heat capacity, and the supercritical carbon dioxide is used for brayton cycle of the circulating working medium, and compared with conventional circulating power generation, the advantages of small volume, light weight, low heat loss and high circulating heat efficiency are achieved.
In this embodiment, a CO 2 condenser 27 is further connected between the first compressor 25 and the second heater 24, so as to further reduce the temperature of the CO 2 working medium output by the second heater 24, improve the compression efficiency, and improve the heat exchange efficiency in the low-temperature regenerator 23.
In this embodiment, the flash power generation cycle 3 further includes a first working medium pump 37 and a second working medium pump 38, where the first working medium pump 37 is connected between the organic working medium condenser 36 and the cold side input end of the organic working medium regenerator 35, and the second working medium pump 38 is connected between the liquid phase end of the flash separator 31 and the mixer 34, so as to facilitate increasing the pressure in the pipeline and ensure the full flow of the working medium.
It can be understood that the organic working medium condenser 36 and the CO 2 condenser 27 cool down the working medium passing through the condenser through external circulation, so that certain energy conversion loss can be generated, and therefore, the system shown in the embodiment is very advantageous in that the reflux path of the CO 2 working medium can be reasonably controlled, and is beneficial to searching for an overall circulation path with the optimal comprehensive performance of energy conversion.
In this embodiment, the heat collecting device 11 is, for example, a solar heat collector, and solar energy is used as a representative renewable energy source, and has the characteristics of universality, cleanliness, and storage capacity of infinity, and the heat collecting cycle 1 further includes a heat transfer oil heat exchanger 14 connected in parallel with the solar heat collector, and a heat storage tank 15 group connected with the heat transfer oil heat exchanger 14, where the heat storage tank 15 group includes a plurality of heat storage tanks 15 for storing heat transfer oil in different temperature intervals, and if the heat energy in the heat transfer oil is higher than the power generation requirement, a part of the heated heat transfer oil enters the heat transfer oil heat exchanger 14, and the heat energy is stored in the heat storage tank 15 body in a heat exchange mode and is reused when needed, and in this embodiment, the heat storage tank 15 is provided with a plurality of, for example, two heat storage tanks, and in some embodiments, the heat storage tanks may be further classified into, for example, a high temperature tank and a low temperature tank according to the difference of the stored heat.
In another embodiment, the present application provides a brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation method, suitable for generating power using the brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system shown in the previous embodiment, referring to fig. 5, comprising the steps of:
Step S100, a heat collecting device collects heat, and heat is transferred to the hot side of the first heater by using heat conduction oil so as to heat a CO 2 working medium on the cold side of the first heater;
Step S200, the CO 2 working medium enters a main power generation cycle after being heated by a first heater, and firstly enters a CO 2 turbine to do work and generate power;
step S300, a CO 2 working medium output from the CO 2 turbine enters a high-temperature heat regenerator and the hot side of a low-temperature heat regenerator to exchange heat;
Step S400, splitting the CO 2 working medium output from the hot side of the low-temperature heat regenerator to a first reflux path and/or a second reflux path;
step S500, the CO 2 working medium entering the first reflux path heats the organic working medium in the flash circulation through the second heater, so that the heated organic working medium is used for acting on the organic working medium turbine to generate power;
Step S600, the CO 2 working medium output from the second heater flows back to the cold side of the low-temperature heat regenerator to exchange heat, and then flows back to the cold side of the high-temperature heat regenerator together with the CO 2 working medium in the second return path to exchange heat;
and step S700, the CO 2 working medium output from the cold side of the high-temperature heat regenerator flows back to the first heater to form a circulation path.
It will be appreciated that steps S100-S700 described above are applicable to power generation using the brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system shown in the foregoing embodiments, and therefore, the structures and devices described in the foregoing steps may be those shown in the foregoing embodiments, and since the brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system has been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, the description will not be repeated here.
In summary, in the brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation method disclosed by the application, the brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system disclosed by the embodiment is used for cycle power generation, and the flash cycle power generation cycle is coupled to the turbine output end of the brayton cycle, so that the redundant heat of the CO 2 working medium is used for flash cycle power generation, the direct cooling requirement of the working medium in the brayton cycle is eliminated, the cost is effectively reduced, the irreversible loss of heat is effectively reduced, the waste of heat energy resources is greatly reduced, and the overall power generation efficiency of the brayton cycle power generation is effectively improved.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, for step S400, namely, the step of splitting the CO 2 working medium output from the hot side of the low-temperature regenerator into the first reflux path and/or the second reflux path, the method further specifically includes the following steps:
Step S410, a preset temperature-proportion table is obtained, and at least one group of corresponding relations between working medium temperature intervals and working medium split proportion are stored in the temperature-proportion table;
Step S420, detecting the working medium temperature of the CO 2 working medium output by the hot side of the low-temperature heat regenerator before splitting;
Step S430, matching the temperature-proportion table based on the temperature of the working medium, and determining a target distribution proportion from one or more distribution proportions of the working medium so that the temperature of the working medium falls into a working medium temperature interval corresponding to the target distribution proportion;
Step S440, the CO 2 working medium is split into a first reflux path and a second reflux path according to the target split ratio.
It should be understood that the temperature interval of the working medium and the flow dividing ratio of the working medium in the temperature-ratio table may be predetermined by means of test verification, thermodynamic simulation and the like based on the actual parameters of the brayton cycle, and the possible temperature interval of the output working medium of the low-temperature regenerator and the flow dividing ratio of the working medium corresponding to the interval may be obtained with higher energy utilization efficiency, that is, compared with the case where no flow dividing method is adopted for the working medium of CO 2, in this embodiment, steps S410 to S440 may reasonably allocate the flow of the working medium of CO 2 for participating in flash evaporation cycle power generation, thereby being beneficial to improving the overall heat energy utilization efficiency.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system comprising:
The heat collection circulation comprises a heat collection device, a first heater and a heat conduction oil pump, wherein the heat collection device, the first heater and the heat conduction oil pump are connected end to end through a heat collection pipeline to form a circulation path, and the heat collection pipeline is filled with heat conduction oil and connected to the hot side of the first heater;
the main power generation cycle comprises a main circulation pipeline, a CO 2 turbine, a high-temperature heat regenerator and a low-temperature heat regenerator, wherein the main circulation pipeline is sequentially connected with the CO 2 turbine, the high-temperature heat regenerator and the low-temperature heat regenerator from the cold side output end of the first heater and flows back to the cold side input end of the first heater, the output end of the CO 2 turbine is connected with the hot side input end of the high-temperature heat regenerator, the hot side output end of the high-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the hot side input end of the low-temperature heat regenerator, the hot side output end of the low-temperature heat regenerator is shunted out of a first reflux path and a second reflux path, the first reflux path flows back to the cold side input end of the low-temperature heat regenerator, the cold side output end of the low-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the cold side input end of the high-temperature heat regenerator, the cold side output end of the high-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the first heater, and the heat regenerator is filled with a working medium in the main heat regenerator 2;
The first reflux path passes through the hot side of the second heater, the cold side of the second heater is connected with a flash evaporation power generation cycle, the flash evaporation power generation cycle comprises a flash evaporation turbine group and a flash evaporation separator which are connected in series by a flash evaporation circulation pipeline, the flash evaporation turbine group comprises an organic working medium turbine connected to the output end of the flash evaporation separator, and the flash evaporation circulation pipeline is filled with an organic working medium;
The flash evaporation turbine set further comprises a two-phase expander, the two-phase expander is connected to the cold side output end of the second heater, the flash evaporation separator is connected between the two-phase expander and the organic working medium turbine, the gas phase end of the flash evaporation separator is connected with the input end of the organic working medium turbine, and the liquid phase end of the flash evaporation separator is connected with the cold side input end of the second heater after converging with the output end of the organic working medium turbine;
The flash evaporation power generation cycle further comprises a mixer, an organic working medium regenerator and an organic working medium condenser, wherein the output end of the organic working medium turbine is connected with the hot side input end of the organic working medium regenerator, the hot side input end of the organic working medium regenerator is connected with the organic working medium condenser, the organic working medium condenser is connected with the cold side input end of the organic working medium regenerator, the cold side output end of the organic working medium regenerator is connected with the mixer, and the liquid phase end of the flash evaporation separator is connected with the mixer to be converged with the output end of the organic working medium turbine;
the main circulation pipeline is provided with a temperature control valve at a position of separating out the first backflow path and the second backflow path, and the temperature control valve setting position comprises at least one of the starting end of the first backflow path and the starting end of the second backflow path.
2. The brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system of claim 1, wherein a first compressor is disposed on the first return path, the first compressor being coupled between the hot side output of the second heater and the low temperature regenerator, and a second compressor is disposed on the second return path.
3. The brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system of claim 2, wherein a CO 2 condenser is also connected between the first compressor and the second heater.
4. The brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system of claim 1, wherein the flash power generation cycle further comprises a first working fluid pump connected between the organic working fluid condenser and a cold side input of the organic working fluid regenerator and a second working fluid pump connected between a liquid phase end of the flash separator and the mixer.
5. The brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system of any of claims 1, wherein the heat collection device comprises a solar heat collector, the heat collection cycle further comprising a heat transfer oil heat exchanger connected in parallel with the solar heat collector, and a heat storage tank set connected to the heat transfer oil heat exchanger, the heat storage tank set comprising a plurality of heat storage tanks for storing heat transfer oil in different temperature intervals.
6. A brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation process adapted for power generation using a brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation system of any of claims 1-5, said process comprising:
the heat collection device is used for collecting heat, and heat is transferred to the hot side of the first heater by using heat conduction oil so as to heat the CO 2 working medium on the cold side of the first heater;
The CO 2 working medium after being heated by the first heater enters the main power generation cycle, and firstly enters the CO 2 turbine to do work and generate power;
The CO 2 working medium output from the CO 2 turbine enters the hot side of the high-temperature heat regenerator and the hot side of the low-temperature heat regenerator to exchange heat;
Splitting the CO 2 working medium output by the hot side of the low-temperature heat regenerator to the first reflux path and/or the second reflux path;
the CO 2 working medium entering the first reflux path heats the organic working medium in the flash circulation through the second heater, so that the heated organic working medium is used for acting on the organic working medium turbine to generate electricity;
The CO 2 working medium output from the second heater flows back to the cold side of the low-temperature heat regenerator to exchange heat, and then flows back to the cold side of the high-temperature heat regenerator together with the CO 2 working medium in the second return path to exchange heat;
And the CO 2 working medium output from the cold side of the high-temperature heat regenerator flows back to the first heater to form a circulation path.
7. The brayton cycle combined flash cycle power generation method of any of claims 6, wherein said diverting CO 2 working fluid output from a hot side of said low temperature regenerator to said first return path and/or said second return path comprises:
acquiring a preset temperature-proportion table, wherein the temperature-proportion table stores the corresponding relation between at least one group of working medium temperature intervals and working medium split proportion;
Before the split flow, detecting the working medium temperature of the CO 2 working medium output by the hot side of the low-temperature heat regenerator;
Matching the temperature-proportion table based on the working medium temperature, and determining a target distribution proportion from one or more working medium distribution proportions so that the working medium temperature falls into the working medium temperature interval corresponding to the target distribution proportion;
And splitting the CO 2 working medium to the first reflux path and the second reflux path according to the target splitting ratio.
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| US8250847B2 (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2012-08-28 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Combined Brayton-Rankine cycle |
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