CN116949517A - Equipment for preparing lead-barium alloy by molten salt primary battery method and application - Google Patents
Equipment for preparing lead-barium alloy by molten salt primary battery method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN116949517A CN116949517A CN202310988782.3A CN202310988782A CN116949517A CN 116949517 A CN116949517 A CN 116949517A CN 202310988782 A CN202310988782 A CN 202310988782A CN 116949517 A CN116949517 A CN 116949517A
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910000600 Ba alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 229910001422 barium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DUPIXUINLCPYLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium lead Chemical compound [Ba].[Pb] DUPIXUINLCPYLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002142 lead-calcium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/34—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of metals not provided for in groups C25C3/02 - C25C3/32
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/005—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells of cells for the electrolysis of melts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
Abstract
The invention discloses equipment for preparing lead-barium alloy by a molten salt primary cell method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of methods and equipment for producing, recycling or refining metal by an electrolytic method. The Pb-Ba alloy is prepared by self-made complete equipment through a principle similar to a primary cell. The method is characterized in that a barium block is used as a negative electrode, molten salt is used as a reaction medium and electrolyte, pb liquid is used as a positive electrode, under the protection of inert gas, a heating furnace melts the salt and Pb, a metal barium block is used as a battery negative electrode to lose electrons to generate barium ions and enter the molten salt, the barium ions are reduced at a liquid lead positive electrode to generate barium so as to generate lead-barium alloy, the Pb-Ba alloy is produced by using the device, the electrolyte can be recycled, continuous production can be realized in a bottom lead release mode, the reaction temperature is low, the environment is friendly, the alloy components can be more uniform and stable, and the design and the operation are simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of methods and equipment for producing, recovering or refining metals by an electrolytic method, in particular to equipment for preparing lead-barium alloy by a molten salt primary battery method and application thereof.
Background
Among the grid materials for lead-acid batteries, there have been developed a great deal of researches on lead-base alloys, in which lead-antimony alloys and lead-calcium alloys are widely used. In recent years, the research shows that the addition of a small amount of barium into the lead substrate gate material can also have a beneficial effect on the performance of the lead substrate gate material, so that the preparation of the lead-barium alloy is also more important. At present, a doping smelting method and a fused salt electrolysis method are mostly adopted for preparing the lead alloy, but the former is also researched to a certain extent, and the former has a higher melting point of barium, so that the mixing degree of the molten lead alloy is difficult to reach uniformity due to the low barium content of the lead alloy, and the molten lead alloy is easy to oxidize in air; the latter is to electrolyze barium chloride salt to obtain Ba at the cathode and further to obtain Pb-Ba alloy, but the chlorine generated by the anode can pollute the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for preparing a lead-barium alloy by a molten salt primary cell method, which makes alloy distribution more uniform and stable and environmentally friendly;
the equipment for preparing the lead-barium alloy comprises a heating system, a reaction system and a material conveying system;
the heating system comprises a heating furnace 1; the heating furnace 1 includes a heating body 101;
the reaction system comprises a reactor 2 and a furnace cover 3;
the material conveying system comprises a lead conveying pipe 203, a charging port 302, an air inlet 305, an air outlet 306, a lifting mechanism 4 and a feeder 5; the feeder 5 comprises a guide rod 501 and a feeding container 502 fixedly connected with the guide rod 501;
a reactor 2 is arranged in the heating furnace 1, and a heating body 101 provides heat for the reactor 2 and is used for increasing the working temperature to enable molten salt and lead to be melted to form a lead solution 10 and a salt solution 11;
the furnace cover 3 is arranged at the opening at the top of the reactor 2, and can provide a closed reaction environment for the reactor 2 when being covered; the furnace cover 3 is provided with a feed inlet 302, an air inlet 305 and an air outlet 306 which are respectively used for feeding reaction raw materials and protecting gas in and out;
the lead conveying pipe 203 is arranged at the bottom of the reactor 2 and penetrates through the bottom wall of the heating furnace 1, and is used for outputting the obtained liquid lead-barium alloy after reaction;
the lifting mechanism 4 is arranged above the charging hole 302, and is used for controlling the guide rod 501 to move in the vertical direction while covering and sealing the charging hole 302, so as to drive the charging container 502 to lift; the charging container 502 is provided with a plurality of small holes, and hollow out to form a containing space for placing barium and enabling the barium to be in contact with the salt solution 11 formed by molten salt in the reaction.
Preferably, the equipment for preparing the lead-barium alloy further comprises a heat preservation system; the heat preservation system comprises a heat preservation material 102, a fireproof heat preservation brick 103 and a furnace cover heat preservation material 301; the heat insulation material 102 is filled in the heating furnace 1, the refractory heat insulation brick 103 is paved at the bottom of the heating furnace 1, and the refractory heat insulation brick 103 can further provide support for the reactor 2 while providing heat insulation function; the furnace cover insulating material 301 is filled in the furnace cover 3.
Preferably, the ceramic coating 202 is attached to the inner wall of the reactor 2, so that the physical and chemical stability of the reactor 2 can be increased and the adhesion between the raw materials and the inner wall can be prevented.
Preferably, the furnace cover 3 is also provided with an observation mechanism; the observation means includes an observation port 303 and an observation port cover 6, and the observation means may be used for observing an internal reaction condition or for a thermocouple to detect an actual temperature.
Further preferably, the apparatus for preparing lead barium alloy further comprises a cooling system; the cooling system comprises a furnace mouth cooling water path 201 arranged at the outer edge of the opening at the top of the reactor 2, and a furnace cover cooling water path 304 arranged at the outer walls of the charging hole 302 and the observation hole 303, wherein cooling water flows in the cooling water path and is used for taking away redundant heat.
It is further preferable that a gasket 7 is disposed between the reactor 2 and the furnace cover 3, between the charging port 302 and the lifting mechanism 4, and between the observation port 303 and the observation port cover 6, for further improving the sealing property.
Further preferably, the reactor 2 and the furnace cover 3, the charging hole 302 and the lifting mechanism 4, and the observation hole 303 and the observation hole cover 6 are all in a locking and pressing mode so as to be convenient to open and close.
Preferably, the furnace cover 3 is further provided with stirring holes for the rotation shaft of the stirring device to pass through, and the lead liquid 10 is stirred during the operation of the device so as to increase the uniformity of alloying.
Preferably, the lead pipe 203 is provided with a lead valve 8 for controlling the flow rate of the liquid; the lead conveying pipe 203 and the lead valve 8 are further wound with heating wires 9, so that the temperature of the lead conveying pipe and the lead valve can be raised, and the liquid can be conveyed more smoothly.
Preferably, the reactor 2 is made of a material having good thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance; the guide 501 is made of a corrosion resistant material.
Further preferably, the reactor 2 is made of stainless steel or graphite; the guide 501 is made of stainless steel or molybdenum.
In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the apparatus of the first aspect of the invention, in particular apparatus for preparing a lead-barium alloy by molten salt galvanic cell method, by which indirect alloying reaction of barium and lead is effected to prepare a lead-barium alloy.
Based on the equipment structure provided by the invention, the design thought and the application flow of the invention are as follows:
the invention prepares the lead-barium alloy by self-made complete equipment in a similar principle to a primary battery. The method is characterized in that a barium block is used as a battery cathode, molten salt is used as a reaction medium and electrolyte, lead liquid is used as an anode, under the protection of inert gas, a heating furnace melts the molten salt, the metal barium block is used as the battery cathode to lose electrons to generate barium ions and enter the molten salt, the barium ions are reduced at the liquid lead cathode to generate barium so as to generate lead-barium alloy, the metal barium and lead are separated by the molten salt, the indirect alloy reaction is realized, and the reaction speed is controlled by the mass transfer speed of the barium ions in the molten salt. The molten salt alloy reaction can control the dissolution and deposition rate of barium, avoid a great deal of heat generated by the direct reaction of barium and lead, and can convert heat energy into electric energy. The whole alloy reaction process does not consume molten salt electrolyte, and the molten salt can be reused. The equipment does not need to reach the high temperature required by melting barium in a smelting method, does not need to have chlorine generated by a fused salt electrolysis method, and can lead the alloy components to be more uniform and stable, thereby being beneficial to the better performance of the subsequent lead storage battery grid material. The device is simple in design and operation, can be used for preparing products with good performance, can be used for recycling molten salt electrolyte, is high in reaction speed, can realize continuous production in a bottom lead-discharging mode, and can be used for replacing lead and barium each time according to the content of required lead-barium alloy.
The working temperature bearable by the equipment is between normal temperature and 900 ℃, and when the equipment works, molten salt is added into the reactor 2 through a charging port 302, inert gas is introduced through an air inlet and outlet and circulated, so that a protective atmosphere is created for the reaction; the lead liquid is conveyed into the reactor 2 by a lead conveying pipe 203, molten salt is melted into liquid salt liquid 11 under the heating of the heater 101, and the density of the salt liquid 11 is smaller than that of the lead liquid 10, so that a salt layer is positioned above the lead layer in the reactor 2; the lifting mechanism 5 controls the lifting of the charging container 502, so that the barium pre-placed in the charging container 502 is contacted with the salt solution 11 but not contacted with the lead solution 10; through constant current discharge, the metal barium block is taken as a battery cathode to lose electrons to generate barium ions and enter the salt solution 11, and then the barium ions are reduced at a liquid lead cathode (namely the lead solution 11) to generate barium so as to generate lead-barium alloy. After the reaction is completed, the lead liquid at the lower layer is converted into liquid lead-barium alloy, the liquid lead-barium alloy is discharged through a lead conveying pipe 203, and the lead-barium alloy cast ingot can be obtained after cooling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention provides equipment for preparing lead-barium alloy by a molten salt primary cell method, which can realize continuous production without generating chlorine, and has the advantages of high efficiency and environment friendliness.
The invention provides an application of a device for preparing a lead-barium alloy by a molten salt primary battery method, which utilizes the molten salt primary battery principle to produce the lead-barium alloy, and can reduce the reaction temperature and the energy consumption and the loss of lead at high temperature. The device can control the reaction to be carried out in the reactor, and can effectively avoid the problem of alloy segregation and segregation caused by uneven diffusion due to the action of a magnetic field on metal, so that the alloy distribution is more uniform and stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an apparatus for preparing a lead-barium alloy by molten salt primary cell method;
FIG. 2 is a front view of an apparatus for preparing a lead barium alloy by molten salt primary cell method;
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of an apparatus for preparing a lead barium alloy by molten salt primary cell method;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of an apparatus for preparing a lead barium alloy by molten salt primary cell method;
FIG. 5 is a right side plan view of an apparatus for preparing a lead barium alloy by molten salt primary cell method;
FIG. 6 is a top cross-sectional view of an apparatus for preparing a lead barium alloy by molten salt primary cell method;
in the figure: 1. a heating furnace; 101. a heating body; 102. a thermal insulation material; 103. refractory insulating bricks; 2. a reactor; 201. a furnace mouth cooling water path; 202. a ceramic coating; 203. a lead pipe; 3. a furnace cover; 301. a furnace cover heat-insulating material; 302. a feed inlet; 303. an observation port; 304. a furnace cover cooling waterway; 305. an air inlet; 306. an air outlet; 4. a lifting mechanism; 5. a feeder; 501. a guide rod; 502. a charging container; 6. observing the opening cover; 7. a sealing gasket; 8. a lead valve; 9. a heating wire; 10. a lead liquid; 11. and (5) salt solution.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, were selected according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial specifications.
In the following examples:
the fused salt is NaCl-KCl-BaCl 2 A mixed salt with a molar ratio of 0.286:0.407:0.307, melting point 543 ℃;
the shielding gas is commercially available argon.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 to 6, the apparatus for preparing the lead-barium alloy by the molten salt primary battery method of the embodiment is composed of a heating system, a reaction system, a material conveying system, a heat preservation system and a cooling system. The heating system comprises a heating furnace 1, wherein a heating body 101 is arranged in the heating furnace 1; the reaction system comprises a reactor 2 made of stainless steel and a furnace cover 3; the material conveying system comprises a lead conveying pipe 203, a charging port 302, an air inlet 305, an air outlet 306, a lifting mechanism 4 and a feeder 5; the feeder 5 comprises a guide rod 501 and a feeding container 502 fixedly connected with the guide rod 501 made of stainless steel; the heat preservation system comprises a heat preservation material 102, a refractory heat preservation brick 103 and a furnace cover heat preservation material 301; the heat insulation material 102 is filled in the heating furnace 1, the refractory heat insulation brick 103 is paved at the bottom of the heating furnace 1, and the refractory heat insulation brick 103 can further provide support for the reactor 2 while providing heat insulation function; the furnace cover heat insulation material 301 is filled in the furnace cover 3; the cooling system comprises a furnace mouth cooling water path 201 arranged at the outer edge of the opening at the top of the reactor 2 and a furnace cover cooling water path 304 arranged at the outer walls of the charging hole 302 and the observation hole 303, wherein the cooling water flows in the cooling water path and is used for taking away redundant heat.
In this embodiment, a reactor 2 is placed inside the heating furnace 1, and the ceramic coating 202 is attached to the inner wall of the reactor 2, so that the physical and chemical stability of the reactor 2 can be increased and the adhesion between the raw materials and the inner wall can be prevented. During operation, a heating body 101 in the heating furnace 1 provides heat for the reactor, so that the working temperature is increased, and molten salt and lead are melted to form lead liquid 10 and salt liquid 11; the bottom of the heating furnace 1 is paved with refractory insulating bricks 103 and filled with insulating materials 102, so that the support and the insulation of the reactor 2 can be provided.
The lead conveying pipe 203 is arranged at the bottom of the reactor 2, and through holes are arranged at corresponding positions at the bottom of the heating furnace 1, so that the lead conveying pipe 203 can penetrate through the bottom wall of the reactor; the lead conveying pipe 203 is also provided with a lead valve 8 for controlling the flow of liquid, the heating wire 9 is wound outside the lead conveying pipe 203 and the lead valve 8, and the heating wire 9 can raise the temperature of the lead conveying pipe 203 and the lead valve 8 when in operation, so that the liquid can be conveyed more smoothly. When the equipment is operated, lead is input through the feed inlet 302, at the moment, the lead valve 8 on the lead conveying pipe 203 is in a closed state, after the liquid lead-barium alloy is obtained after the reaction, the lead valve 8 can be opened to flow out for preparing cast ingots.
The furnace cover 3 is provided with a feed inlet 302, an air inlet 305, an air outlet 306 and an observation mechanism, the inside of the furnace cover is filled with a furnace cover heat insulation material 301 capable of delaying heat dissipation, and the furnace cover 3 is covered at the opening of the reactor 2 to provide a closed reaction environment for the reactor 2. The reaction raw materials can be fed into the reactor 2 through a feed port 302, and a protective gas is fed in from a gas inlet 305 and is fed out from a gas outlet 306, so that a protective atmosphere is provided for the reaction through gas circulation. The observation mechanism, including the observation port 303 and the observation port cover 6, can be used for observing the internal reaction condition or for a thermocouple to detect the actual temperature.
The lifting mechanism 4 is arranged above the charging hole 302 of the furnace cover 3, and can be used for controlling the movement of the guide rod 501 in the vertical direction while covering and sealing the charging hole 302 so as to drive the charging container 502 to lift. The charging container 502 is provided with a plurality of small holes, and hollow out to form a containing space for placing barium and enabling the barium to be in contact with the salt solution 11 formed by molten salt in the reaction.
The reactor 2 and the furnace cover 3, the charging hole 302 and the lifting mechanism 4, and the observation hole 303 and the observation hole cover 6 are all in a lock catch compression mode, and are provided with sealing gaskets 7, so that the sealing performance is further improved, and meanwhile, the opening and the closing are facilitated.
Example 2
The apparatus structure for preparing a lead-barium alloy by the molten salt primary cell method of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, a stirring hole adapted to the rotation shaft of the stirring device is also preset on the furnace cover 3. When the device works, the rotating shaft extends to the lead liquid 10 in the reactor 2 from the stirring hole to stir the lead liquid, so that the uniformity of lead and barium alloying in the lead liquid 10 is improved.
Example 3
The apparatus structure for producing a lead-barium alloy by the molten salt primary cell method of this example is basically the same as that of example 1, except that the reactor 2 in this example is made of graphite.
Example 4
The apparatus structure for producing a lead-barium alloy by the molten salt primary cell method of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the guide rod 501 in this embodiment is made of molybdenum.
Example 5
This example uses the molten salt primary cell method of the structure of example 1 to prepare a lead barium alloy. In operation, 20kg of lead and 10kg of NaCl-KCl-BaCl 2 The mixed salt is added into the reactor 2 through a feed port 302, a furnace cover 3 is covered, argon is introduced into the furnace at the speed of 2L/min, and a lead valve 8 is in a closed state; heating the reactor 2 to 600 ℃ through a heating furnace 1 to melt lead and mixed salt until the temperature is stable, and melting the mixed salt in the reactor 2, wherein the depth of the molten salt 11 is about 10 cm; 100g of barium is placed in a charging container 502 connected with a guide rod 501 and is quickly placed in molten salt 11, and the height is adjusted through a lifting mechanism 4 so that the barium is completely immersed in the molten salt 11 and is not in contact with lead liquid 11; controlling the temperature at 600 ℃, taking barium as a primary battery cathode and lead liquid 11 as an anode; as shown in fig. 1, constant-current discharge is carried out between an anode and a cathode, barium ions generated by dissolution of the barium cathode enter molten salt, and the barium ions are alloyed with a lead anode at the cathode to generate lead-barium alloy; when the barium on the cathode is consumed, the temperature in the furnace is reduced and stabilized between 400 and 500 ℃ to solidify molten salt, the lead conveying pipe 203 and the lead valve 8 are heated to 350 ℃ by the heating wire 9 during the process, the lead valve 8 is opened to discharge liquid barium-lead alloy from the bottom lead conveying pipe 203, and the lead-barium alloy cast ingot is obtained after cooling.
Example 6
In this example, the apparatus for preparing a lead-barium alloy by the molten salt primary battery method having the structure as in example 1 was increased in size in equal proportion to the apparatus of example 5, so that 1000kg of lead and 500kg of mixed salt could be contained, while ensuring that the height of the brine 10 was not less than 10cm. The rest of the production process is identical with that of the example 5, and the required lead-barium alloy cast ingot can be prepared in the same way.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a molten salt primary cell method preparation lead barium alloy's equipment, includes heating system, reaction system, material conveying system, its characterized in that:
the heating system comprises a heating furnace (1), wherein the heating furnace (1) comprises a heating body (101); the reaction system comprises a reactor (2) and a furnace cover (3); the feeding system comprises a lead conveying pipe (203), a feeding port (302), an air inlet (305), an air outlet (306), a lifting mechanism (4) and a feeder (5), wherein the feeder (5) comprises a guide rod (501) and a feeding container (502) fixedly connected with the guide rod (501);
the reactor (2) is arranged in the heating furnace (1), and the heating body (101) provides heat for the reactor (2); the furnace cover (3) is arranged at the opening at the top of the reactor (2), and the furnace cover (3) is provided with a feed inlet (302), an air inlet (305) and an air outlet (306); the lead conveying pipe (203) is arranged at the bottom of the reactor (2) and penetrates through the bottom wall of the heating furnace (1); the lifting mechanism (4) is arranged above the charging opening (302), covers and seals the charging opening (302) and controls the guide (501) to move in the vertical direction so as to drive the charging container (502) to lift; the charging container (502) is provided with a plurality of small holes.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the equipment for preparing the lead-barium alloy by the molten salt primary battery method also comprises a heat preservation system, wherein the heat preservation system comprises a heat preservation material (102), a fireproof heat preservation brick (103) and a furnace cover heat preservation material (301); the heat preservation material (102) is filled in the heating furnace (1), and the fireproof heat preservation bricks (103) are paved at the bottom of the heating furnace (1); the furnace cover heat insulation material (301) is filled in the furnace cover (3).
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the reactor (2) is attached with a ceramic coating (202).
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace cover 3 is provided with an observation mechanism, and the observation mechanism comprises an observation port (303) and an observation port cover (6).
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the device for preparing the lead-barium alloy by the molten salt primary cell method further comprises a cooling system, wherein the cooling system comprises a furnace mouth cooling water channel (201) arranged at the outer edge of the opening at the top of the reactor (2), and a furnace cover cooling water channel (304) arranged at the outer walls of the feed inlet (302) and the observation port (303).
6. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the reactor (2) and the furnace cover (3), the charging opening (302) and the lifting mechanism (4) and the observation opening (303) and the observation opening cover (6) are all in a lock catch compression mode, and sealing gaskets (7) are arranged.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace cover (3) is provided with a stirring hole for the stirring rotating shaft to pass through.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the lead conveying pipe (203) is provided with a lead valve (8), and heating wires (9) are wound outside the lead conveying pipe (203) and the lead valve (8).
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the reactor (2) is made of stainless steel or graphite; the guide rod (501) is made of stainless steel or molybdenum.
10. Use of the apparatus for preparing lead-barium alloy by molten salt galvanic method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: and (3) adopting a molten salt primary battery method to prepare the lead-barium alloy, and realizing indirect alloy reaction of barium and lead by the molten salt primary battery method to prepare the lead-barium alloy.
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| CN202310988782.3A CN116949517A (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Equipment for preparing lead-barium alloy by molten salt primary battery method and application |
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| CN202310988782.3A CN116949517A (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Equipment for preparing lead-barium alloy by molten salt primary battery method and application |
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