CN116945801A - Engraving method of hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing - Google Patents
Engraving method of hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000010147 laser engraving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 120
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 103
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011960 computer-aided design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/362—Laser etching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/006—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
- B44C1/225—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching by engraving
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
- B44C1/228—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching by laser radiation
Abstract
The application provides an engraving method of hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing, which comprises the steps of completing engraving operation of a non-hollowed-out area and a hollowed-out area through combination of cutter engraving and laser engraving, comparing a three-dimensional image of an object to be engraved with a three-dimensional model image of an expected finished product, determining a first engraving contour line for engraving the non-hollowed-out area, and controlling a cutter to perform cutter engraving operation on the object to be engraved according to corresponding engraving action parameters; and comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product subjected to the engraving operation of the cutter with the three-dimensional model image, determining a second engraving contour line for engraving the hollow area, controlling the laser beam to perform the laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product according to the corresponding laser projection parameters, and fully ensuring that the cutter firstly shapes the basic outline of the engraving finished product by engraving the object to be engraved in a two-step mode, and then engraving the hollow area by using the laser, so that the engraving accuracy of the hollow area is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of image processing design, in particular to an engraving method of hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing.
Background
The dental engravings are a conventional engraving process, which performs different engraving on a specific material, thereby obtaining an engraving artwork having a specific shape. The traditional dental engraving artware is obtained through a manual engraving mode and has no drawing in the engraving process, so that engraving personnel are required to have a clinker engraving process and enrich the imagination of three-dimensional graphics to finish the whole dental engraving operation. The factors severely limit the development of the dental engraving process, cannot provide a standardized mode for the dental engraving operation, cannot effectively improve the efficiency, accuracy and yield of the dental engraving, reduce the yield of the dental engraving process and cannot accurately and reliably perform the dental engraving operation according to different engraving shape requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an engraving method of hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing, which mainly comprises the steps of completing engraving operation of a non-hollowed-out area and a hollowed-out area through combination of cutter engraving and laser engraving, comparing a three-dimensional image of an object to be engraved with a three-dimensional model image of an expected finished product, determining a first engraving contour line for engraving the non-hollowed-out area, and controlling a cutter to perform cutter engraving operation on the object to be engraved according to corresponding engraving action parameters; comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product subjected to the engraving operation of the cutter with the three-dimensional model image, determining a second engraving contour line for engraving the hollowed-out area, controlling the laser beam to perform the laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product according to the corresponding laser projection parameters, and fully ensuring that the cutter firstly shapes the basic outline of the engraved finished product by performing two-step engraving on the object to be engraved, and then performing engraving on the hollowed-out area by using the laser, so as to improve the engraving accuracy of the hollowed-out area; and the defect repair is also carried out on the engraved finished product, so that the engraved yield is improved and the requirements of different engraved shapes are met.
The application is realized by the following technical scheme:
an engraving method of a hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing comprises the following steps:
comparing the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved with the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product, and determining a first engraving contour line corresponding to the non-hollowed-out area engraving of the object to be engraved; generating carving action parameters for performing cutter carving operation on the object to be carved based on the distribution state information of the first carving contour lines, so as to control a cutter to perform cutter carving operation on the object to be carved;
comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product subjected to the cutter carving operation with the three-dimensional model image, and determining a second carving contour line corresponding to the carving of the hollow area of the semi-finished product; generating laser projection parameters for performing laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product based on the distribution state information of the second contour engraving lines, so as to control a laser beam to perform laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product;
analyzing the three-dimensional image of the final engraving product to determine an engraving defect area of the final engraving product; and carrying out defect repair operation on the engraving defect area based on the shape and structure information of the engraving defect area.
Optionally, before comparing the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved with the three-dimensional model image of the intended finished product, the method further comprises:
carrying out panoramic scanning shooting on the object to be engraved to obtain a panoramic scanning image of the object to be engraved; generating a three-dimensional image corresponding to the object to be engraved based on the panoramic scanning image; and mapping the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved and the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product into the same image space coordinate system.
Optionally, comparing the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved with the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product, determining a first engraved contour line corresponding to the non-hollowed-out area engraving of the object to be engraved, including:
performing recognition processing on the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product to obtain shape profile distribution information of all non-hollowed-out areas in the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product; mapping the shape contour distribution information into a three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved in the image space coordinate system to obtain distribution state information of engraving contour lines of non-hollow areas corresponding to all non-hollow areas formed after engraving the object to be engraved;
and obtaining a first carving contour line corresponding to non-hollowed-out area carving of the object to be carved in the real space coordinate system based on the coordinate system transformation relation between the image space coordinate system and the real space coordinate system corresponding to carving operation and the distribution state information of the non-hollowed-out area carving contour line.
Optionally, based on the distribution state information of the first carving outline, generating carving action parameters for performing tool carving operation on the object to be carved, so as to control the tool to perform tool carving operation on the object to be carved, including:
and generating a cutter moving track, a cutter blade pose orientation and a cutter engraving depth of the to-be-engraved object for performing cutter engraving operation on the engraved object based on the line trend track information of the first engraving contour line, so as to control the corresponding moving track, the cutter blade pose orientation and the engraving depth in the process of performing non-hollowed-out area engraving on the engraved object by the cutter.
Optionally, controlling the orientation of the corresponding blade pose in the process of carving the non-hollowed-out area on the carved object by the cutter includes:
and in the process that the cutter engraves the non-hollowed-out area of the engraved object, adjusting the pitch angle and/or the rolling angle of the cutter blade relative to the surface of the non-hollowed-out area.
Optionally, comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product after the carving operation of the cutter with the three-dimensional model image, and determining a second carving contour line corresponding to the carving of the hollow area of the semi-finished product, including:
performing panoramic scanning shooting on the semi-finished product subjected to the cutter carving operation to obtain a panoramic scanning image of the semi-finished product; generating a three-dimensional image corresponding to the semi-finished product based on the panoramic scanning image; mapping the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product and the three-dimensional model image into the same image space coordinate system;
performing recognition processing on the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product to obtain shape profile distribution information of all hollowed-out areas in the three-dimensional model image; mapping the shape contour distribution information into a three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product in the image space coordinate system to obtain distribution state information of carved contour lines of all hollowed-out areas corresponding to all hollowed-out areas formed after the secondary carving of the semi-finished product;
and obtaining a second carving outline corresponding to carving the semi-finished product in the hollow area in the real space coordinate system based on the coordinate system transformation relation between the image space coordinate system and the real space coordinate system corresponding to the secondary carving operation and the distribution state information of the carving outline of the hollow area.
Optionally, generating laser projection parameters for performing laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product based on the distribution state information of the second contour engraving lines, so as to control the laser beam to perform laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product, including:
and generating a laser spot projection moving track, a laser spot projection area and a laser spot projection intensity for performing secondary laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product based on the line trend track of the second contour engraving line, so as to control the laser spot projection moving track, the laser spot projection area and the laser spot projection intensity corresponding to the laser beam in the secondary laser engraving process of the hollow area on the semi-finished product.
Optionally, analyzing the three-dimensional image of the final engraved finished product to determine an engraving defect area of the final engraved finished product, including:
carrying out panoramic scanning shooting on the final engraving finished product to obtain a panoramic scanning image of the final engraving finished product; generating a three-dimensional image corresponding to the final engraving finished product based on the panoramic scanning image; then, carrying out recognition analysis on the three-dimensional image of the final engraving finished product to obtain the surface roughness distribution information of the final engraving finished product;
and determining the surface area with the actual surface roughness larger than a preset roughness threshold value in the final engraving finished product as an engraving defect area based on the surface roughness distribution information.
Optionally, performing a defect repair operation on the engraved defective area based on shape structure information of the engraved defective area, including:
and adjusting the polishing speed corresponding to the polishing repair operation of the engraving defect area based on the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area.
Optionally, based on the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area, adjusting a polishing speed corresponding to polishing repair operation on the engraving defect area, including:
step S1, determining the polishing speed corresponding to the polishing repair operation of the engraving defect area according to the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area by using the following formula (1),
in the above formula (1), V (i) represents a polishing speed corresponding to polishing repair operation for the i-th engraving defect area; v (V) msx Representing the actual allowable maximum grinding speed; μ represents an actual surface roughness of the engraved defective area; s (i) represents the area of the ith engraving defect area; n represents the total number of the engraving defect areas;substituting the value of i from 1 to n into a bracket to obtain the minimum value in the bracket;
step S2, adjusting the polishing acceleration of the polishing equipment according to the distance between the engraving defect area currently subjected to polishing repair operation and the engraving defect area next required to be subjected to polishing repair operation, the polishing speed of the current polishing repair operation and the polishing speed corresponding to the engraving defect area next required to be subjected to polishing repair operation by using the following formula (2), so that when the polishing equipment reaches the engraving defect area next required to be subjected to polishing repair operation, the polishing speed of the polishing equipment can meet the corresponding polishing speed requirement,
in the above formula (2), a (i→i+1) represents the polishing acceleration of the polishing apparatus in the process of moving from the i-th engraving defect area to the i+1-th engraving defect area; v (i+1) represents a polishing speed corresponding to polishing repair operation on the (i+1) th engraving defect area; l (i→i+1) represents a distance value between the i-th engraving defect area and the i+1-th engraving defect area;
step S3, determining the polishing speed of the second polishing repair operation for the engraving defect area according to the polishing speed of the first polishing repair operation for the engraving defect area and the area of the engraving right defect area by using the following formula (3),
in the above formula (3), V2 (i) represents the polishing speed of the second polishing repair operation for the engraved defective area;the value of i is substituted from 1 to n into the brackets to obtain the maximum value in the brackets.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the carving method of the hollowed-out dental carving based on image processing, disclosed by the application, the carving operation of a non-hollowed-out area and a hollowed-out area is completed through the combination of cutter carving and laser carving, a three-dimensional image of an object to be carved is compared with a three-dimensional model image of an expected finished product, a first carving contour line for carving the non-hollowed-out area is determined, and the cutter is controlled to perform cutter carving operation on the object to be carved according to corresponding carving action parameters; comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product subjected to the engraving operation of the cutter with the three-dimensional model image, determining a second engraving contour line for engraving the hollowed-out area, controlling the laser beam to perform the laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product according to the corresponding laser projection parameters, and fully ensuring that the cutter firstly shapes the basic outline of the engraved finished product by performing two-step engraving on the object to be engraved, and then performing engraving on the hollowed-out area by using the laser, so as to improve the engraving accuracy of the hollowed-out area; and the defect repair is also carried out on the engraved finished product, so that the engraved yield is improved and the requirements of different engraved shapes are met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an engraving method of the hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be readily understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof herein are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, an engraving method for a hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing according to an embodiment of the present application includes:
comparing the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved with the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product, and determining a first engraving contour line corresponding to the non-hollowed-out area engraving of the object to be engraved; based on the distribution state information of the first carving outline, generating carving action parameters for performing cutter carving operation on the object to be carved, so as to control the cutter to perform cutter carving operation on the object to be carved;
comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product subjected to the cutter carving operation with the three-dimensional model image to determine a second carving contour line corresponding to the carving of the hollow area of the semi-finished product; generating laser projection parameters for performing laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product based on the distribution state information of the second contour engraving lines, so as to control the laser beam to perform laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product;
analyzing the three-dimensional image of the final engraving product to determine engraving defect areas of the final engraving product; and carrying out defect repairing operation on the engraving defect area based on the shape and structure information of the engraving defect area.
The method for engraving the hollowed-out dental engravings based on the image processing has the advantages that the engraving operation of the non-hollowed-out area and the hollowed-out area is completed through the combination of cutter engraving and laser engraving, the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved is compared with the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product, the first engraving contour line for engraving the non-hollowed-out area is determined, and the cutter is controlled to perform the cutter engraving operation on the object to be engraved according to the corresponding engraving action parameters; comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product subjected to the engraving operation of the cutter with the three-dimensional model image, determining a second engraving contour line for engraving the hollowed-out area, controlling the laser beam to perform the laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product according to the corresponding laser projection parameters, and fully ensuring that the cutter firstly shapes the basic outline of the engraved finished product by performing two-step engraving on the object to be engraved, and then performing engraving on the hollowed-out area by using the laser, so as to improve the engraving accuracy of the hollowed-out area; and the defect repair is also carried out on the engraved finished product, so that the engraved yield is improved and the requirements of different engraved shapes are met.
In another embodiment, before comparing the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved with the three-dimensional model image of the intended finished product, the method further comprises:
carrying out panoramic scanning shooting on the object to be engraved to obtain a panoramic scanning image of the object to be engraved; generating a three-dimensional image corresponding to the object to be engraved based on the panoramic scanning image; and mapping the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved and the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product into the same image space coordinate system.
The above embodiment has the beneficial effects that the dental engravings mainly adopt the block materials made of specific materials as the objects to be engraved, the shape and the size of the objects to be engraved directly affect the size of the space allowed to be engraved on the objects to be engraved, for example, the volume of some block materials is larger, but the surface of the block materials has more concave-convex structures such as pits, and the like, so that the areas where the block materials can be engraved are not more. Therefore, panoramic scanning shooting and analysis conversion are firstly carried out on the object to be engraved to obtain a three-dimensional image corresponding to the object to be engraved, and accordingly, the shape and the size of the object to be engraved are represented. In addition, before carving, a three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product (the expected finished product of carving) is formed by a computer model design mode, the three-dimensional model image is used as a pattern for implementing carving operation, the basis of subsequent carving control is improved, and the three-dimensional model image can be formed by drawing software such as CAD (computer aided design) and the like. And simultaneously mapping the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved and the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product to the same image space coordinate system (such as the image space coordinate system of corresponding drawing software), so that the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved and the three-dimensional model image are conveniently compared in the same image space coordinate system, and the calibration of the non-hollowed-out area needing to be engraved is accurately performed on the object to be engraved.
In another embodiment, comparing the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved with the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product, determining a first engraved contour line corresponding to the non-hollowed-out area engraving of the object to be engraved, including:
performing recognition processing on the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product to obtain shape contour distribution information of all non-hollowed-out areas in the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product; mapping the shape profile distribution information into a three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved in the image space coordinate system to obtain distribution state information of engraving profile lines of non-hollow areas corresponding to all non-hollow areas formed after engraving the object to be engraved;
and obtaining a first carving contour line corresponding to the non-hollowed-out area carving of the object to be carved in the real space coordinate system based on the coordinate system transformation relation between the image space coordinate system and the real space coordinate system corresponding to the carving operation and the distribution state information of the carving contour line of the non-hollowed-out area.
The method has the beneficial effects that in the engraving process of the object to be engraved, in order to ensure the attractiveness of the final engraving finished product, the object to be engraved needs to be engraved with a hollow structure and a non-hollow structure, and corresponding hollow structures and non-hollow areas are correspondingly formed on the object to be engraved. The engraving process of the non-hollow structure is simple compared with that of the hollow structure, and in order to ensure the engraving efficiency, the non-hollow structure is firstly engraved on the object to be engraved. For this reason, the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product is identified and processed, and the shape contour distribution information of all non-hollowed-out areas in the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product is obtained; mapping the shape contour distribution information into the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved in the image space coordinate system to obtain the distribution state information of the engraving contour lines of the non-hollow areas corresponding to all the non-hollow areas formed after the object to be engraved is engraved, so that the distribution state information of the contour lines of the corresponding engraving forming non-hollow areas is matched and determined on the object to be engraved by taking the non-hollow areas on the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product as the reference, and accurate engraving contour line reference is provided for the subsequent engraving forming non-hollow areas on the object to be engraved by using a cutter.
In another embodiment, based on the distribution state information of the first carving outline, generating carving action parameters for performing a tool carving operation on the object to be carved, so as to control the tool to perform the tool carving operation on the object to be carved, including:
based on the line trend track information of the first carving outline line, a cutter moving track, a cutter point pose orientation and a carving depth of the cutter in the to-be-carved object are generated, so that the corresponding moving track, the cutter point pose orientation and the carving depth in the non-hollowed-out area carving process of the carving object by the cutter are controlled.
According to the beneficial effects of the embodiment, according to the line trend track information of the first contour carving contour line, the moving track of the cutter, the pose orientation of the cutter blade and the carving depth of the cutter on the object to be carved are generated, so that the moving path of the cutter can be controlled in the process of forming a non-hollowed-out area on the object to be carved by adopting cutter carving, parameters such as the pose orientation of the cutter blade and the carving depth of the cutter on the object to be carved are controlled, and the cutter can be ensured to accurately form a corresponding carving texture structure on the object to be carved.
In another embodiment, controlling the orientation of the corresponding blade pose in the process of carving the non-hollowed-out area on the carved object by the cutter includes:
and in the process of carving the non-hollowed-out area of the carving object by the cutter, adjusting the pitch angle and/or the rolling angle of the blade of the cutter relative to the surface of the non-hollowed-out area.
The method has the beneficial effects that in the process that the cutter engraves the non-hollowed-out area of the engraved object, the pitch angle and/or the rolling angle of the blade of the cutter relative to the surface of the non-hollowed-out area are adjusted, so that the cutter engraves different morphological contours of the non-hollowed-out area, and the engraving flexibility of the non-hollowed-out area is improved.
In another embodiment, comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product with the three-dimensional model image to determine a second engraved contour line corresponding to the engraving of the hollow area of the semi-finished product, including:
performing panoramic scanning shooting on the semi-finished product subjected to the cutter carving operation to obtain a panoramic scanning image of the semi-finished product; generating a three-dimensional image corresponding to the semi-finished product based on the panoramic scanning image; mapping the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product and the three-dimensional model image into the same image space coordinate system;
performing recognition processing on the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product to obtain shape profile distribution information of all hollowed-out areas in the three-dimensional model image; mapping the shape contour distribution information into a three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product in the image space coordinate system to obtain distribution state information of carved contour lines of all hollowed-out areas corresponding to all hollowed-out areas formed after the secondary carving of the semi-finished product;
and obtaining a second carving contour line corresponding to the carving of the hollow area on the semi-finished product in the real space coordinate system based on the coordinate system transformation relation between the image space coordinate system and the real space coordinate system corresponding to the secondary carving operation and the distribution state information of the carving contour line of the hollow area.
The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned embodiment, in the sculpture process, the fretwork area is compared in the sculpture degree of difficulty and the sculpture fineness of non-fretwork area bigger, adopts the cutter to carry out fretwork area's sculpture will be difficult to guarantee fretwork area's sculpture accuracy and efficiency, adopts laser sculpture's mode to carry out fretwork area's sculpture for this reason. And after the engraving of the non-hollowed-out area is finished on the object to be engraved by adopting the cutter, panoramic scanning shooting and analysis conversion are carried out on the obtained semi-finished product, so that a three-dimensional image corresponding to the semi-finished product is obtained. And simultaneously mapping the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product and the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product into the same image space coordinate system, so that the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product and the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product are conveniently compared in the same image space coordinate system, and the calibration of a hollowed-out area needing to be carved on the semi-finished product is accurately determined. Specifically, with the hollowed-out area on the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product as a reference, the distribution state information of the outline lines of the corresponding hollowed-out area is matched and determined on the semi-finished product, so that accurate reference of the carved outline lines is provided for carving the hollowed-out area on the semi-finished product by using laser beams.
In another embodiment, generating laser projection parameters for performing laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product based on the distribution state information of the second contour engraving line, so as to control the laser beam to perform laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product, includes:
and generating a laser spot projection movement track, a laser spot projection area and a laser spot projection intensity for performing secondary laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product based on the line trend track of the second contour engraving line, so as to control the laser spot projection movement track, the laser spot projection area and the laser spot projection intensity corresponding to the laser beam in the secondary laser engraving process of the hollow area on the semi-finished product.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are that the laser spot projection moving track, the laser spot projection area and the laser spot projection intensity for performing secondary laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product are generated according to the line trend track of the second contour engraving line, so that the secondary laser engraving of the hollowed-out area can be performed on the semi-finished product in a laser beam irradiation mode, and the high-precision carving of the hollowed-out area is ensured by utilizing the characteristics of high intensity of laser beams, small spot area and the like.
In another embodiment, analyzing the three-dimensional image of the final engraved finished product to determine engraving defect areas of the final engraved finished product includes:
carrying out panoramic scanning shooting on the final engraving finished product to obtain a panoramic scanning image of the final engraving finished product; based on the panoramic scanning image, generating a three-dimensional image corresponding to the final engraving finished product; then, carrying out recognition analysis on the three-dimensional image of the final engraving finished product to obtain the surface roughness distribution information of the final engraving finished product;
and determining the surface area with the actual surface roughness greater than a preset roughness threshold value in the final engraving finished product as an engraving defect area based on the surface roughness distribution information.
The method has the beneficial effects that after the carving of all the non-hollowed-out areas and all the hollowed-out areas is finished, a final carving finished product is obtained, and then the final carving finished product is subjected to analysis and conversion of panoramic scanning shooting, so that a three-dimensional image corresponding to the final carving finished product is obtained. And then, carrying out recognition analysis on the three-dimensional image of the final engraving product object to obtain the surface roughness distribution information of the final engraving product, thereby carrying out quantitative analysis on the roughness distribution condition of the surface of the final engraving product. And determining a surface area with the actual surface roughness larger than a preset roughness threshold value in the final engraving finished product as an engraving defect area, so that the subsequent targeted surface grinding and polishing of the final engraving finished product is facilitated, and the aesthetic property of the final engraving finished product is improved.
In another embodiment, performing a defect repair operation on the engraved defective area based on shape structure information of the engraved defective area includes:
and adjusting the polishing speed corresponding to the polishing repair operation of the engraving defect area based on the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area.
The method has the beneficial effects that based on the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area, the polishing speed corresponding to polishing repair operation on the engraving defect area is adjusted, and when the actual surface roughness is larger, the polishing speed on the corresponding engraving defect area is also larger, so that the surface smoothness of a final engraving finished product is effectively improved.
In another embodiment, adjusting the polishing speed corresponding to the polishing repair operation for the engraved defective area based on the actual surface roughness of the engraved defective area includes:
step S1, determining the polishing speed corresponding to the polishing repair operation of the engraving defect area according to the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area by using the following formula (1),
in the above formula (1), V (i) represents a polishing speed corresponding to polishing repair operation for the i-th engraving defect area; v (V) max Representing the actual allowable maximum grinding speed; μ represents the actual surface roughness of the engraved defective area; s (i) represents the area of the ith engraving defect area; n represents the total number of the engraving defect areas;substituting the value of i from 1 to n into a bracket to obtain the minimum value in the bracket;
step S2, adjusting the polishing acceleration of the polishing equipment according to the distance between the engraving defect area currently subjected to polishing repair operation and the engraving defect area next required to be subjected to polishing repair operation, the polishing speed of the current polishing repair operation and the polishing speed corresponding to the engraving defect area next required to be subjected to polishing repair operation by using the following formula (2), so that when the polishing equipment reaches the engraving defect area next required to be subjected to polishing repair operation, the polishing speed of the polishing equipment can meet the corresponding polishing speed requirement,
in the above formula (2), a (i→i+1) represents the polishing acceleration of the polishing apparatus in the process of moving from the i-th engraving defect area to the i+1-th engraving defect area; v (i+1) represents a polishing speed corresponding to polishing repair operation for the (i+1) th engraving defect area; l (i→i+1) represents a distance value between the i-th engraving defect area and the i+1-th engraving defect area;
step S3, determining the polishing speed of the second polishing repair operation for the engraving defect area according to the polishing speed of the first polishing repair operation for the engraving defect area and the area of the engraving right defect area by using the following formula (3),
in the above formula (3), V2 (i) represents the polishing speed of the second polishing repair operation for the engraved defective area;the value of i is substituted from 1 to n into the brackets to obtain the maximum value in the brackets.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are that by utilizing the formula (1), the polishing speed corresponding to the polishing repair operation of the engraving defect area is determined according to the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area, so that the polishing speed is controlled according to the area of the area and the roughness, so that the controlled polishing speed has a theoretical basis, and the polishing is more scientifically performed; according to the distance between the engraving defect area needing to be subjected to the polishing repair operation and the engraving defect area needing to be subjected to the polishing repair operation, the polishing speed of the polishing repair operation and the polishing speed corresponding to the engraving defect area needing to be subjected to the polishing repair operation are adjusted by using the formula (2), so that when the polishing equipment reaches the engraving defect area needing to be subjected to the polishing repair operation, the polishing speed of the polishing equipment can meet the corresponding polishing speed requirement, the power consumption can not be further ensured to be wasted, and the appropriate polishing speed can be performed on each engraving defect area, thereby saving the system efficiency; and finally, determining the polishing speed of the second polishing repair operation of the engraving defect area according to the polishing speed of the first polishing repair operation of the engraving defect area and the area of the engraving right defect area by utilizing the formula (3), so that the polishing speed is properly increased according to the area of the area, and the reliability and the high efficiency of the secondary polishing are ensured.
In general, the carving method of the hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing is used for completing carving operations of a non-hollowed-out area and a hollowed-out area through combination of cutter carving and laser carving, comparing a three-dimensional image of an object to be carved with a three-dimensional model image of an expected finished product, determining a first carving contour line for carving the non-hollowed-out area, and controlling a cutter to perform cutter carving operations on the object to be carved according to corresponding carving action parameters; comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product subjected to the engraving operation of the cutter with the three-dimensional model image, determining a second engraving contour line for engraving the hollowed-out area, controlling the laser beam to perform the laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product according to the corresponding laser projection parameters, and fully ensuring that the cutter firstly shapes the basic outline of the engraved finished product by performing two-step engraving on the object to be engraved, and then performing engraving on the hollowed-out area by using the laser, so as to improve the engraving accuracy of the hollowed-out area; and the defect repair is also carried out on the engraved finished product, so that the engraved yield is improved and the requirements of different engraved shapes are met.
The foregoing is merely one specific embodiment of the application, and any modifications made in light of the above teachings are intended to fall within the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. An engraving method of a hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
comparing the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved with the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product, and determining a first engraving contour line corresponding to the non-hollowed-out area engraving of the object to be engraved; generating carving action parameters for performing cutter carving operation on the object to be carved based on the distribution state information of the first carving contour lines, so as to control a cutter to perform cutter carving operation on the object to be carved;
comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product subjected to the cutter carving operation with the three-dimensional model image, and determining a second carving contour line corresponding to the carving of the hollow area of the semi-finished product; generating laser projection parameters for performing laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product based on the distribution state information of the second contour engraving lines, so as to control a laser beam to perform laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product;
analyzing the three-dimensional image of the final engraving product to determine an engraving defect area of the final engraving product; and carrying out defect repair operation on the engraving defect area based on the shape and structure information of the engraving defect area.
2. The engraving method of the hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing as in claim 1, wherein:
before comparing the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved with the three-dimensional model image of the intended finished product, the method further comprises:
carrying out panoramic scanning shooting on the object to be engraved to obtain a panoramic scanning image of the object to be engraved; generating a three-dimensional image corresponding to the object to be engraved based on the panoramic scanning image; and mapping the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved and the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product into the same image space coordinate system.
3. The engraving method of the hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing as in claim 2, wherein:
comparing the three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved with the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product, determining a first engraving contour line corresponding to the engraving of the non-hollowed-out area of the object to be engraved, and comprising the following steps:
performing recognition processing on the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product to obtain shape profile distribution information of all non-hollowed-out areas in the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product; mapping the shape contour distribution information into a three-dimensional image of the object to be engraved in the image space coordinate system to obtain distribution state information of engraving contour lines of non-hollow areas corresponding to all non-hollow areas formed after engraving the object to be engraved;
and obtaining a first carving contour line corresponding to non-hollowed-out area carving of the object to be carved in the real space coordinate system based on the coordinate system transformation relation between the image space coordinate system and the real space coordinate system corresponding to carving operation and the distribution state information of the non-hollowed-out area carving contour line.
4. The engraving method of the hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing as in claim 3, wherein:
based on the distribution state information of the first carving outline, generating carving action parameters for performing cutter carving operation on the object to be carved, so as to control the cutter to perform cutter carving operation on the object to be carved, including:
and generating a cutter moving track, a cutter blade pose orientation and a cutter engraving depth of the to-be-engraved object for performing cutter engraving operation on the engraved object based on the line trend track information of the first engraving contour line, so as to control the corresponding moving track, the cutter blade pose orientation and the engraving depth in the process of performing non-hollowed-out area engraving on the engraved object by the cutter.
5. The method for engraving an image-processing-based hollowed-out dental engravings as in claim 4, wherein:
controlling the orientation of the corresponding blade pose in the process of carving the non-hollowed-out area of the carving object by the cutter, comprising:
and in the process that the cutter engraves the non-hollowed-out area of the engraved object, adjusting the pitch angle and/or the rolling angle of the cutter blade relative to the surface of the non-hollowed-out area.
6. The engraving method of the hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing as in claim 1, wherein:
comparing the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product subjected to the cutter carving operation with the three-dimensional model image, determining a second carving contour line corresponding to the carving of the hollow area of the semi-finished product, and comprising the following steps:
performing panoramic scanning shooting on the semi-finished product subjected to the cutter carving operation to obtain a panoramic scanning image of the semi-finished product; generating a three-dimensional image corresponding to the semi-finished product based on the panoramic scanning image; mapping the three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product and the three-dimensional model image into the same image space coordinate system;
performing recognition processing on the three-dimensional model image of the expected finished product to obtain shape profile distribution information of all hollowed-out areas in the three-dimensional model image; mapping the shape contour distribution information into a three-dimensional image of the semi-finished product in the image space coordinate system to obtain distribution state information of carved contour lines of all hollowed-out areas corresponding to all hollowed-out areas formed after the secondary carving of the semi-finished product;
and obtaining a second carving outline corresponding to carving the semi-finished product in the hollow area in the real space coordinate system based on the coordinate system transformation relation between the image space coordinate system and the real space coordinate system corresponding to the secondary carving operation and the distribution state information of the carving outline of the hollow area.
7. The method for engraving an image-processing-based hollowed-out dental engravings as in claim 6, wherein:
generating laser projection parameters for performing laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product based on the distribution state information of the second contour engraving lines, so as to control the laser beam to perform laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product, comprising:
and generating a laser spot projection moving track, a laser spot projection area and a laser spot projection intensity for performing secondary laser engraving operation on the semi-finished product based on the line trend track of the second contour engraving line, so as to control the laser spot projection moving track, the laser spot projection area and the laser spot projection intensity corresponding to the laser beam in the secondary laser engraving process of the hollow area on the semi-finished product.
8. The engraving method of the hollowed-out dental engravings based on image processing as in claim 1, wherein:
analyzing the three-dimensional image of the final engraved finished product to determine an engraving defect area of the final engraved finished product, comprising:
carrying out panoramic scanning shooting on the final engraving finished product to obtain a panoramic scanning image of the final engraving finished product; generating a three-dimensional image corresponding to the final engraving finished product based on the panoramic scanning image; then, carrying out recognition analysis on the three-dimensional image of the final engraving finished product to obtain the surface roughness distribution information of the final engraving finished product;
and determining the surface area with the actual surface roughness larger than a preset roughness threshold value in the final engraving finished product as an engraving defect area based on the surface roughness distribution information.
9. The method for engraving an image-processing-based hollowed-out dental engravings as in claim 8, wherein:
performing defect repair operation on the engraving defect area based on the shape and structure information of the engraving defect area, wherein the defect repair operation comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the polishing speed corresponding to the polishing repair operation of the engraving defect area based on the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area.
10. The method for engraving an image-processing-based hollowed-out dental engravings as in claim 9, wherein:
based on the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area, adjusting the polishing speed corresponding to polishing repair operation on the engraving defect area, including:
step S1, determining the polishing speed corresponding to the polishing repair operation of the engraving defect area according to the actual surface roughness of the engraving defect area by using the following formula (1),
in the above formula (1), V (i) represents a polishing speed corresponding to polishing repair operation for the i-th engraving defect area; v (V) max Representing the actual allowable maximum grinding speed; μ represents an actual surface roughness of the engraved defective area; s (i) represents the area of the ith engraving defect area; n represents the total number of the engraving defect areas;substituting the value of i from 1 to n into a bracket to obtain the minimum value in the bracket;
step S2, adjusting the polishing acceleration of the polishing equipment according to the distance between the engraving defect area currently subjected to polishing repair operation and the engraving defect area next required to be subjected to polishing repair operation, the polishing speed of the current polishing repair operation and the polishing speed corresponding to the engraving defect area next required to be subjected to polishing repair operation by using the following formula (2), so that when the polishing equipment reaches the engraving defect area next required to be subjected to polishing repair operation, the polishing speed of the polishing equipment can meet the corresponding polishing speed requirement,
in the above formula (2), a (i→i+1) represents the polishing acceleration of the polishing apparatus in the process of moving from the i-th engraving defect area to the i+1-th engraving defect area; v (i+1) represents a polishing speed corresponding to polishing repair operation on the (i+1) th engraving defect area; l (i→i+1) represents a distance value between the i-th engraving defect area and the i+1-th engraving defect area;
step S3, determining the polishing speed of the second polishing repair operation for the engraving defect area according to the polishing speed of the first polishing repair operation for the engraving defect area and the area of the engraving right defect area by using the following formula (3),
the above formula(3) Wherein V2 (i) represents a polishing speed of a second polishing repair operation for the engraved defective area;the value of i is substituted from 1 to n into the brackets to obtain the maximum value in the brackets.
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