CN116943877A - Surface hydrophobicity coated heavy medium flotation equipment and process - Google Patents
Surface hydrophobicity coated heavy medium flotation equipment and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116943877A CN116943877A CN202311118069.XA CN202311118069A CN116943877A CN 116943877 A CN116943877 A CN 116943877A CN 202311118069 A CN202311118069 A CN 202311118069A CN 116943877 A CN116943877 A CN 116943877A
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- heavy medium
- raw ore
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- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 39
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 39
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052611 pyroxene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical class N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical class O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/16—Flotation machines with impellers; Subaeration machines
- B03D1/22—Flotation machines with impellers; Subaeration machines with external blowers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
- B03D1/025—Froth-flotation processes adapted for the flotation of fines
Abstract
The invention discloses surface hydrophobicity coated heavy medium flotation equipment and a process, and belongs to the technical field of mineral separation. The flotation equipment comprises a flotation tank (7) and a concentrate port (7), wherein the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank (7) is an inclined surface and is inclined to the concentrate port (10). The process comprises the following steps: s1, grinding to obtain raw ore pulp; s2, feeding a heavy medium (11) with rubber coated on the surface and raw ore pulp into flotation equipment according to a proportion; s3, stirring strongly, stirring again after adding kerosene and No. 2 oil, and performing aerated flotation to obtain concentrate and tailings; s4, carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation to separate heavy medium particles. The process is simple and easy to operate, the equipment is simple, the moving parts are few, the work is stable, the energy consumption is low, the existing flotation machine is simply changed to creatively combine the heavy medium ore dressing and the flotation together, and the heavy suspension with higher specific gravity and more uniform internal heavy medium distribution is realized; and the heavy matters are well recovered, so that the loss in the beneficiation process is little, and the method has development and application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses surface hydrophobicity coated heavy medium flotation equipment and a process, and belongs to the technical field of mineral separation.
Background
Dense media beneficiation (heavy medium separation, HMS) is the process by which mineral particles are separated in a dense medium. The basic principle is that the Archimedes principle is to separate minerals with different specific gravity from each other in direct fluid or two-phase fluid by using the floating and sinking principle. The specific gravity of the sorting medium used is between that of the mineral particles of high and low specific gravity being sorted. The ore particles with small specific gravity float upwards, and the ore particles with large specific gravity sink downwards, so as to achieve the aim of sorting. While the heavy medium means a medium having a density greater than that of water (1 g/cm 3 ) Heavy liquid or heavy suspension fluid of (a). Specific gravity is also known as relative density, the specific gravity of a solid or liquid being the density of the substance (fully dense state) and pure H at standard atmospheric pressure, and 3.98 DEG C 2 Density under O (999.972 kg/m) 3 ) Is a ratio of (2). The specific gravity is a dimensionless quantity, i.e. the specific gravity is a value without units, and generally varies with temperature and pressure.
For sorting purposes, the density of the heavy liquid or heavy suspension fluid, which is balanced with the heavy medium, should be between the heavy and light minerals, i.e.: the ρ light is less than ρ heavy liquid or the resuspended liquid is less than ρ heavy, so that in the medium, the light mineral floats upwards and the heavy mineral sinks, thereby realizing the purpose of sorting.
The separation is performed according to the Archimedes buoyancy principle, but centrifugal force or other mechanical force is generally introduced to improve the production efficiency, so that the layering speed of light and heavy minerals in heavy liquid or heavy suspension is improved.
Existing heavy media are of two types:
1. heavy liquid- -is an organic liquid with a density greater than water or an aqueous solution of high density salts;
2. resuspension-solid particles of particularly high density are ground to fine particles and then formulated with water), which are scarcely used in production because they are expensive and often toxic.
The heavy media used industrially are all heavy suspensions. The heavy medium particles are mixed in the concentrate and the tailings, medium removal is needed under high-frequency vibration of a medium removal sieve, namely the heavy medium mixed in the concentrate and the tailings is screened out under high-frequency vibration, so that recovery of the heavy medium mixed in the concentrate and the tailings is realized, and the technical terms are as follows: and regenerating the medium.
The method has the defects that: in theory, the separation of two minerals is possible by a specific gravity difference of 0.1, but in actual production, the separation of metal ores by a heavy medium is limited by the density of the heavy medium (heavy medium: solid particles in which the heavy suspension is disposed), and it is difficult to prepare a suspension having a very high density, and the heavier particles settle faster in water, and a heavy suspension having a uniform specific gravity cannot be formed for a long period of time. Heavy medium suspensions, which are only slightly denser than the light minerals, can generally be formulated.
Such as: the specific gravity of the resuspension liquid prepared by ferrosilicon is up to 3.8, the specific gravity of ilmenite is 4.4-5, and the specific gravity of spodumene and titano-olivine is 3.6-3.9 and 3.6-4.1; therefore, the heavy medium separation is difficult to apply to metal ore dressing, the specific gravity difference of the clean coal and the gangue is large, the specific gravity of the clean coal and the gangue is not high, and heavy suspension between the specific gravity of the clean coal and the specific gravity of the gangue is easy to prepare by heavy medium, so that the coal dressing is realized. So the heavy medium is mainly used in coal dressing industry at present, and has great defect in the separation of colored minerals.
Therefore, for metal ore dressing, especially for nonferrous minerals, it is difficult to obtain high-grade final concentrate by adopting a heavy medium dressing method, because the specific gravity of many gangue is higher than that of the prepared heavy medium suspension, only low-density monomer gangue or surrounding rock mixed in mining can be removed, and the method can only be used as pre-sorting. In theory, the heavy medium separation can separate two minerals as long as there is a specific gravity difference of 0.1, but the prior art means and publications do not provide a specific gravity configuration of a heavy suspension to a theoretically required specific gravity for separating metal minerals.
Flotation (flotation) refers to the use of surfactant-frothing agents that generate large numbers of bubbles. When air is introduced into water or air is introduced into water due to stirring of water, the hydrophobic end of the surfactant is oriented towards the air of the bubbles at the gas-liquid interface, and the hydrophilic end is still in the solution, so that the bubbles are formed; another surfactant that serves as a trapping agent (typically a cationic surfactant, also including fatty amines) is adsorbed onto the surface of the solid mineral powder. The adsorption has a certain selectivity according to the nature of minerals, and the basic principle is to utilize lattice defects of the crystal surface, and the outward hydrophobic end is partially inserted into bubbles.
By utilizing the principle, in a flotation machine, ore pulp treated by adding a medicament is stirred and aerated, so that certain ore particles are selectively fixed on bubbles; the floating slurry is scraped to form foam products, and the rest part of the foam products are remained in the slurry so as to achieve the purpose of separating minerals. The flotation machine has a plurality of structural forms, and the most common use is a mechanical stirring type flotation machine, so that the purpose of mineral separation is achieved. Flotation is suitable for treating fine particles and fine particle materials, and other beneficiation methods are used for difficultly recovering fine mineral particles smaller than 10 mu m, and can also be used for treating by a flotation method. Some flotation techniques that specifically treat very fine particles have lower recoverable particle size limits, and ultra-fine flotation and ion flotation techniques can recover a wide range of materials ranging from colloidal particles to molecular and ionic states. Flotation can also select the intermediate products of pyrometallurgy, volatile matters and useful components in slag, treat hydrometallurgical leaching slag and displaced precipitation products, and recycle chemical products (such as paper pulp, surface active substances and the like) and inorganic matters and organic matters in wastewater.
The method has the defects that: although flotation is capable of processing minerals with particle sizes of approximately 10 microns, it is a precondition that the wettability (floatability) of the separated minerals and gangue surfaces to water is very different, or that after the action of the flotation agent, the wettability of the two surfaces is very different; when the micro-fine ilmenite, the gangue titanium olivine and the spodumene are separated, the surface wettability difference of the micro-fine ilmenite, the gangue titanium olivine and the spodumene is not large, and the surface wettability difference of the micro-fine ilmenite is not obvious after the flotation agent is added, so that the titanium ore in the tailings is mainly micro-fine ilmenite in the Panzhihua area. This is a technical problem in ilmenite flotation in the Panxi area at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide surface hydrophobic coating heavy medium flotation equipment and process capable of effectively separating ilmenite from tailings.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the surface hydrophobicity cladding heavy medium flotation equipment comprises a flotation tank, wherein a concentrate opening is formed in the lower end of the flotation tank, the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank is of an inclined surface structure, and the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank is inclined towards the concentrate opening.
Wherein the inclination angle of the bottom surface in the flotation tank in the device is 3-30 degrees.
The surface hydrophobic coating heavy medium flotation process comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding raw ore to obtain raw ore pulp;
s2, feeding the heavy medium with the rubber coated surface and the raw ore pulp into any surface hydrophobic coated heavy medium flotation equipment according to the proportion;
s3, stirring strongly, adding kerosene in the stirring process, continuing stirring, adding pine oil, stirring again, and separating after aerated flotation to obtain concentrate and tailings;
s4, respectively carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the obtained concentrate and tailings, and carrying out magnetic separation on heavy media mixed in the concentrate and the tailings for reuse.
Wherein, in the step S1, a ball mill is adopted to grind the raw ore, and the grinding fineness of the obtained raw ore pulp is-0.074 mm, and the content of the obtained raw ore pulp accounts for 65-75%.
Wherein the thickness of the rubber in the step S2 is 10-20 um, the granularity of the heavy medium is 0.038-0.074 mm
Wherein, in the process, the proportion of the heavy medium coated with rubber in the step S2 to the raw ore pulp is 1:9.
Wherein the rotation speed of the strong stirring in the step S3 in the process is 1500-2300 r/min.
Wherein, in the step S3, 1000-2000 g/t of kerosene is added for continuous stirring for 2-3 min, 30-80 g/t of pine oil is added for stirring for 1-2 min.
Wherein the time of the aeration flotation in the step S3 in the process is 2-3 min.
Wherein, in the step S4 of the process, a drum-type magnetic separator is adopted, and the magnetic separation field intensity is 70-80 kA/m.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the scheme designs the process and the equipment which combine the advantages of dense medium ore dressing and flotation, can better realize micro-fine mineral separation, and has the advantages of simple structure, less moving parts, stable work and low energy consumption, and the dense medium ore dressing and flotation are combined together by simply changing the existing flotation machine, so that the heavy suspension with higher specific gravity and more uniform internal dense medium distribution is realized. The heavy medium is well recovered, and the loss in the beneficiation process is little, so that the method is a beneficiation process and equipment with development and application prospects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the flotation device according to the invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the materials of the flotation process of the present invention.
Marked in the figure as: 1. pulley, 2, stirring shaft, 3, normal pressure air, 4, stirring shaft sleeve, 5, impeller, 6, heavy medium with surface adhered air bubble, 7, flotation tank, 8, ore feeding port, 9, float overflow port, 10, concentrate port, 11, heavy medium with surface coated rubber, 12, heavy mineral, 13, light mineral.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the surface hydrophobic coating heavy medium flotation device comprises a flotation tank 7, wherein a concentrate port 10 is arranged at the lower end of the flotation tank 7, the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank 7 is of an inclined surface structure, and the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank 7 is inclined towards the concentrate port 10. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the existing flotation apparatus mainly comprises a pulley 1, a stirring shaft 2, a stirring shaft sleeve 4, an impeller 5 and a flotation tank 7, wherein the stirring shaft 2 and the impeller 5 are driven by the pulley 1 to rotate in the flotation tank 7, a feed port 8 is arranged on one side of the upper end of the flotation tank 7, a float overflow port 9 is arranged on the other side, so that light minerals 13, namely tailings, can be discharged, and a concentrate port 10 is arranged at the lower end of the flotation tank 7, so that heavy minerals 12, namely concentrate, can be discharged. Compared with the existing flotation machine, the flotation equipment of the scheme is improved to a certain extent, in order to facilitate timely discharge of heavy media and heavy minerals 12 in the flotation machine, the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank 7 is preferably of an inclined surface structure, and the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank 7 is inclined towards the concentrate port 10.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the bottom surface in the flotation tank 7 in the above device is 3 to 30 °. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the inclination angle of the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank 7 is preferably 3 to 30 deg., preventing accumulation of heavy minerals 12 and heavy media at the bottom of the flotation tank 7.
The surface hydrophobic coating heavy medium flotation process comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding raw ore to obtain raw ore pulp;
s2, feeding the heavy medium 11 coated with rubber and raw ore pulp into any surface hydrophobic coating heavy medium flotation equipment according to a proportion;
s3, stirring strongly, adding kerosene in the stirring process, continuing stirring, adding pine oil, stirring again, and separating after aerated flotation to obtain concentrate and tailings;
s4, respectively carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the obtained concentrate and tailings, and carrying out magnetic separation on heavy media mixed in the concentrate and the tailings for reuse. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the solution uses fine-grained ferrosilicon or heavy media with heavier specific gravity, the surface of which is coated with rubber or other hydrophobic thin layers, to prepare suspension, different heavy media are selected according to the needs to perform heavy media mineral separation, the heavy media coated with rubber can be worn and recycled, and a small amount of flotation reagent can play a strong role on the surface of the rubber or other hydrophobic thin layers, so that the surface of the heavy media coated with rubber is more hydrophobic under the action of the flotation reagent, so that the air-philic, a foaming agent is added, the stirring shaft sleeve 4 is filled with normal-pressure air 3, so that a large amount of fine-grained bubbles are generated in ore pulp under the action of inflation, the surface of the heavy media 11 coated with rubber is attached with a large amount of bubbles to form a heavy media 6 with surface adhesion bubbles, then the heavy media continuously rises to the pulp liquid level, after a period of time, the heavy media drop from the pulp surface to the bottom of the separator and are carried back to the pulp level by new bubbles. Thus, the effect of continuous circulation movement of heavy media in the separation tank is realized. Therefore, the specific gravity of each part in the heavy medium suspension is stable, the mixture of the ground ore pulp and the heavy medium 11 with the surface coated rubber is fed into the flotation equipment according to a certain proportion (the mass content of the heavy medium is 10% -50%), after the mixture is added with the agent and stirred and aerated, the heavy medium 11 with the surface coated rubber forms a uniform heavy suspension state in the flotation equipment, the useful minerals with the specific gravity greater than that of the heavy suspension can be settled to the bottom of the separator and discharged into concentrate, and gangue minerals with the specific gravity less than that of the heavy suspension can float and overflow and be discharged. According to the advanced calculation result and experimental verification, the resuspension liquid with different granularity and concentration can be prepared according to the specific gravity difference of gangue and minerals, so that the separation specific gravity higher than that of the common heavy medium mineral separation is realized, and the heavy medium mineral separation of metal minerals can be realized. In the separation process, a beneficiation reagent which only acts on the surface of rubber and does not act on two ore grains to be separated is selected, and almost all colored minerals and gangue minerals can be separated by matching kerosene with pine oil in actual operation.
Preferably, in the step S1 of the process, a ball mill is adopted to grind the raw ore, and the grinding fineness of the obtained raw ore pulp is-0.074 mm, and the content of the obtained raw ore pulp accounts for 65-75%. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in order to ensure the granularity and beneficiation quality of the raw ore pulp, the process preferably adopts a ball mill to grind the raw ore, and the grinding fineness of the obtained raw ore pulp is-0.074 mm, and the content of the raw ore pulp accounts for 65% -75%.
Preferably, in the step S2, the thickness of the rubber is 10-20 um, and the granularity of the heavy medium is 0.038-0.074 mm. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that in order to ensure the quality of the heavy medium and the ore dressing result, the rubber thickness of the process is preferably 10-20 um, and the granularity of the heavy medium is 0.038-0.074 mm.
Preferably, in the process, the proportion of the heavy medium 11 coated with rubber in the step S2 to the raw ore pulp is 1:9-1:1. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present process is only preferred for the ratio of the surface coated rubber heavy medium 11 to the raw ore slurry, and specifically the ratio of the surface coated rubber heavy medium 11 to the raw ore slurry is 1:9 to 1:1.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the strong stirring in the step S3 in the process is 1500-2300 r/min. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in order to ensure uniform mixing of the heavy medium with the raw ore slurry, the speed of the intensive agitation is preferably 1500 to 2300r/min.
Preferably, in the step S3, 1000-2000 g/t of kerosene is added, stirring is continued for 2-3 min, 30-80 g/t of pine oil is added, and stirring is continued for 1-2 min. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that in order to prepare a reasonable heavy liquid, the process preferably adds 1000-2000 g/t kerosene and continuously stirs for 2-3 min, and then adds 30-80 g/t pine oil and stirs for 1-2 min.
Preferably, the time of the aeration flotation in the step S3 in the process is 2-3 min. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in order to ensure flotation quality, the process preferably requires an aerated flotation time of 2 to 3 minutes.
Preferably, in the step S4 of the process, a drum-type magnetic separator is adopted, and the magnetic separation field intensity is 70-80 kA/m. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that after the dense media beneficiation is complete, the overflow float and sinking discharge heavy mineral 12 will be entrained with a relatively large amount of dense media particles of surface coated rubber or other hydrophobic lamina. The process preferably adopts a drum type magnetic separator, and the magnetic separation field intensity is 70-80 kA/m. When ferromagnetic metal particles (metal iron powder, metal manganese powder and the like) are used as heavy media, a low-intensity magnetic separator with extremely low cost can be used for recycling the heavy media with the concentration of more than 99.8 percent through simple to two-stage low-intensity magnetic separation.
Example 1
TiO-containing tailings (namely ilmenite raw ore-like raw ore) of vanadium titanomagnetite in Panxi certain place after dry iron separation 2 9.67 percent of main gangue is silicate minerals such as pyroxene, the ilmenite is separated by adopting the process, the ilmenite raw ore is ground by adopting a ball mill, the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm, and the content is 65 percent75% to obtain raw ore pulp. The heavy medium 11 (the thickness of the rubber is 10 um-20 um, the granularity of the heavy medium is 0.038-0.074 mm) with the rubber coated on the surface and raw ore pulp are fed into the flotation equipment according to the ratio of 1:9. And (3) carrying out strong stirring at a rotating speed of 1500-2300r/min, adding 1000-2000 g/t of kerosene in the stirring process, continuously stirring for 2-3 min, adding 30-80 g/t of pine oil, stirring for 1min, carrying out aerated flotation for 3min, and then carrying out separation, thereby obtaining concentrate and tailings. And (3) respectively carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the obtained concentrate and tailings, adopting a drum-type magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic separation field intensity is 80kA/m, and carrying out magnetic separation on heavy medium particles mixed in the concentrate and the tailings to be combined to be used as regenerated heavy medium for repeated use, wherein the recovery rate of the heavy medium is more than 99.8%. TiO-containing concentrate of titanium from which heavy medium is removed 2 47.41 percent, the recovery rate of the operation is 78.99 percent.
Comparative example 1
TiO-containing tailings (namely ilmenite raw ore-like raw ore) of vanadium titanomagnetite in Panxi certain place after dry iron separation 2 9.67 percent, the main gangue is silicate minerals such as pyroxene, and due to the magnetic property and floatation behavior of the spodumene which are similar to those of ilmenite, the TiO can be obtained by adopting the existing high gradient pre-enrichment-desulfurization-one coarse-three fine-two-sweep ore dressing process 2 The grade is 45.64%, the operation recovery rate is 68.28%, and the existing process is more complicated for the titanium concentrate with the iron tailings recovery rate of 46.75%.
As can be seen from example 1 and comparative example 1: ilmenite concentrate TiO obtained in this example 1 2 The grade and the recovery rate are improved to a great extent. Meanwhile, the process flow is short, the floatation time is short, and the production cost is reduced. This shows that the process and the equipment provided by the invention have the advantages of short flow, easy operation, stable index and low energy consumption.
Example 2
TiO (titanium dioxide) contained in iron tailings of vanadium titano-magnetite out-of-surface ore of Panzhihua certain place 2 7.88 percent, adopting the process and the equipment to sort the ilmenite, adopting a ball mill to grind the ilmenite raw ore, wherein the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm, and the content accounts for 65-75 percent, thus obtaining raw ore pulp; iron metal spherical particles (rubber thickness) coated with rubber on the surfaceThe degree is 10 um-20 um, the granularity of the heavy medium is 0.038-0.074 mm) and the raw ore pulp are fed into flotation equipment according to the proportion of 1.5:8.5; strong stirring is carried out at the rotating speed of 1300-2100r/min, 800-1800 g/t of kerosene is added in the stirring process, stirring is continued for 2-3 min, 30-80 g/t of pine oil is added, stirring is carried out for 1min, air flotation is carried out for 3min, and then separation is carried out, so that concentrate and tailings are obtained; and (3) respectively carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the obtained concentrate and tailings, adopting a drum-type magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic separation field intensity is 82kA/m, and carrying out magnetic separation on heavy medium particles mixed in the concentrate and the tailings to be combined to be used as regenerated heavy medium for repeated use, wherein the recovery rate of the heavy medium is more than 99.6%. Titanium concentrate TiO for removing heavy medium 2 47.89% and a working recovery rate of 78.09% of titanium concentrate.
Comparative example 2
TiO (titanium dioxide) contained in iron tailings of vanadium titano-magnetite out-of-surface ore of Panzhihua certain place 2 7.88 percent, and the TiO-containing material can be obtained by adopting a strong magnetic pre-selection-floatation (two coarse, four fine and two sweeping) combined process 2 48.20% and a flotation operation recovery rate of 75.65% are ideal, but the existing technology can be seen to be longer and complex.
As can be seen from example 2 and comparative example 2: ilmenite concentrate TiO obtained in this example 2 2 The grade is similar, but the recovery rate is improved to a greater extent. Most importantly, the process flow is short, the floatation time is short, and the production cost is reduced. This shows that the process and the equipment provided by the invention have the advantages of short flow, easy operation, stable index and low energy consumption.
Claims (10)
1. The surface hydrophobicity cladding heavy medium flotation equipment comprises a flotation tank (7), wherein a concentrate port (7) is formed in the lower end of the flotation tank (7), and the surface hydrophobicity cladding heavy medium flotation equipment is characterized in that: the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank (7) is of an inclined surface structure, and the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank (7) is inclined towards the concentrate outlet (10).
2. The surface hydrophobic coated dense media flotation process of claim 1 wherein: the inclination angle of the inner bottom surface of the flotation tank (7) is 3-30 degrees.
3. The surface hydrophobic coating heavy medium flotation process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, grinding raw ore to obtain raw ore pulp;
s2, feeding the heavy medium (11) coated with rubber and raw ore pulp into any surface hydrophobic coating heavy medium flotation equipment according to a proportion;
s3, stirring strongly, adding kerosene in the stirring process, continuing stirring, adding No. 2 oil, stirring again, and separating after aerated flotation to obtain concentrate and tailings;
s4, respectively carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on the obtained concentrate and tailings, and carrying out magnetic separation on heavy media mixed in the concentrate and the tailings for reuse.
4. A surface hydrophobicity coated dense media flotation process according to claim 3, wherein: in the step S1, a ball mill is adopted to grind the raw ore, and the grinding fineness of the obtained raw ore pulp is-0.074 mm, and the content of the raw ore pulp accounts for 65-75%.
5. A surface hydrophobicity coated dense media flotation process according to claim 3, wherein: in the step S2, the thickness of the rubber is 10-20 um, and the granularity of the heavy medium is 0.038-0.074 mm.
6. A surface hydrophobicity coated dense media flotation process according to claim 3, wherein: the proportion of the heavy medium (11) coated with rubber to the raw ore pulp in the step S2 is 1:9-1:1.
7. A surface hydrophobicity coated dense media flotation process according to claim 3, wherein: the rotation speed of the strong stirring in the step S3 is 1500-2300 r/min.
8. A surface hydrophobicity coated dense media flotation process according to claim 3, wherein: in the step S3, 1000-2000 g/t of kerosene is added, stirring is continued for 2-3 min, 30-80 g/t of pine oil is added, and stirring is continued for 1-2 min.
9. A surface hydrophobicity coated dense media flotation process according to claim 3, wherein: and (3) the time of the aerated flotation in the step S3 is 2-3 min.
10. A surface hydrophobicity coated dense media flotation process according to claim 3, wherein: in the step S4, a drum-type magnetic separator is adopted, and the magnetic separation field intensity is 70-80 kA/m.
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| CN202311118069.XA CN116943877A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Surface hydrophobicity coated heavy medium flotation equipment and process |
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