CN116943867A - Electrostatic precipitator design method based on electric field energy density - Google Patents
Electrostatic precipitator design method based on electric field energy density Download PDFInfo
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- CN116943867A CN116943867A CN202311145453.9A CN202311145453A CN116943867A CN 116943867 A CN116943867 A CN 116943867A CN 202311145453 A CN202311145453 A CN 202311145453A CN 116943867 A CN116943867 A CN 116943867A
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
- B03C3/68—Control systems therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a type selection method of an electrostatic precipitator, in particular to a design method of the electrostatic precipitator based on electric field energy density. The method of the invention provides the concept of the electric field energy density of the electrostatic precipitator, namely: the electric field energy density is the product of the electric field strength and the plate current density. The method can guide the power supply type selection of the electrostatic precipitator through the electric field energy density, can guide the operation control of each electric field of the electrostatic precipitator through the electric field energy density, and can also provide guidance for the high-density power supply scheme of the electrostatic precipitator. The method can design the electrostatic precipitator from the aspects of electrical parameters and body parameters, particularly strengthen the dedusting efficiency of an electric field, reduce the supply of electric field energy density of all electric fields at the back, and meet the requirements of high efficiency and energy conservation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a type selection method of an electrostatic precipitator, in particular to a design method of the electrostatic precipitator based on electric field energy density.
Background
The electrostatic precipitator has an indispensable important role in the smoke treatment and the ultralow emission control of the smoke in the coal-fired power plant by virtue of the efficient and stable dust collection effect. The working principle of electrostatic dust collection of an electrostatic dust collector is that dust is charged in an electric field and deposited to a dust collection electrode under the action of electric field force, and the electrostatic dust collection mainly relates to the following four physical processes:
1) Negative high-voltage discharge, smoke ionization and negative ion generation;
2) The dust is charged under the action of an electric field and space anions;
3) The charged dust is collected to the anode plate under the action of electric field force and ion wind;
4) Dust collected on the anode plate is collected in the ash bucket under the vibration action.
Failure to meet design requirements in any of the four processes described above may result in high emissions from the electric precipitation.
The electrostatic precipitator in the electric power industry mainly develops the type selection of the electrostatic precipitator according to the modified Deutsch formula proposed in the 60 th century, and the design and the type selection of domestic electric precipitation continue the method to date.
The modified Deutsch formula is:
wherein: omega k : the effective driving speed of the dust is cm/s;
k: empirical coefficient (k≡0.5);
s: specific dust collection area, m of electric precipitation 2 /m 3 S is defined as followsA: total dust collecting anode plate area of electric dust removing, m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Q: flue gas flow, m, to be treated by electric precipitation 3 /s。
According to the traditional selection and design principle, the discharge of the electric dust collector is related to the concentration of dust at an electric dust collector inlet, the driving speed of the dust and the specific dust collection area of the electric dust collector, and the larger the specific dust collection area is and the larger the driving speed is, the higher the dust collection efficiency is. Under the condition of a certain flue gas volume, in order to improve the electric dust collection efficiency, the area of a dust collection anode plate must be increased to increase the specific dust collection area. In addition, the dust driving speed is semi-empirical, and different coal types and boilers have different value ranges. The electric dust removal enterprises also suggest databases of dust driving speeds related to sulfur, sodium and the like in coal according to the characteristics of the coal. The design and manufacture of electric dust removal firstly select the dust driving speed and then push out the integrated area of the electric dust removal ratio and the dust removal efficiency according to an equation. However, from the application of electric dust removal, even under the condition of the same coal type and the same boiler, different high-voltage power supply technologies or different body structural designs are adopted, the electric dust removal has different dust removal efficiencies, and the traditional electric dust removal type selection method cannot provide reasonable design and improvement schemes for different power supply types (power frequency, high frequency, three phases and pulses) and body structural designs (such as small electric fields and small partitions). Under the conditions of new electric precipitation technology and ultralow emission index requirements, electric precipitation design and model selection deviation are relatively large according to the driving speed. The modified Deutsch formula does not give a reasonable design solution.
In the conventional Deutsch formula, only the approach speed (i.e., the electric field strength) and the bulk parameter are related to the electrical parameters, and only the specific dust collection area. In practical application, in order to realize efficient dust removal, the electric part needs to consider the electric field intensity and the plate current density at the same time; the body part has different dust collecting efficiency of different electric field quantity under the condition of the same specific dust collecting area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electrostatic precipitator design method based on electric field energy density, aiming at the problem that the existing electrostatic precipitator type selection formula can not effectively design an electrostatic precipitator.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: an electrostatic precipitator design method based on electric field energy density, the electric field energy density based on the method is the product of electric field intensity and plate current density, ω=e·j, wherein: omega: electric field energy density, E: electric field strength, J: plate current density; the power supply of the electrostatic precipitator is divided into m grades according to voltage values from large to small, the voltage of the first grade power supply is D1, the voltage of the second grade power supply is D2, the voltage of the third grade power supply is D3, and the voltage of the mth grade power supply is Dm, the electric field intensity E1 = D1/Da corresponding to the first grade power supply is the heteropolar distance, the electric field energy density omega 1 = D1/Da.J1 corresponding to the first grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the first grade power supply, the electric field intensity E2 = D2/Da corresponding to the second grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the second grade power supply, the electric field energy density omega 2 = D2/Da.J2 corresponding to the second grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the third grade power supply, the electric field intensity E3 = D3/Da.J3 corresponding to the third grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the third grade power supply, and the electric field energy density omega 3 = D3/Da corresponding to the third grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the second grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the third grade, and the electric field density omega 2 = Dm/Da corresponding to the first grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the third grade; taking the electric field energy density omega 1 corresponding to the first-level power supply as a standard, if the electrostatic precipitator adopts the second-level power supply and wants to achieve the same dust collection effect as that after adopting the first-level power supply, if omega 2 = omega 1, D1/Da.J1 = D2/Da.J2, and J2 = D1.J1/D2; if the electrostatic precipitator adopts the third-level power supply and is required to achieve the same dust collection effect as that after adopting the first-level power supply, and ω3=ω1, then d1/da·j1=d3/da·j3, and j3=d1·j1/D3; by analogy, if the m-th stage power source is used in the electrostatic precipitator, if ωm=ω1 is set to be equal to ωm=dm/da·jm, jm=d1·j1/Dm, and the like, the effect of dust collection is to be achieved after the first stage power source is used.
According to the design method of the electrostatic precipitator based on the electric field energy density, the electrostatic precipitator is provided with n electric fields, the electric field energy density of each electric field is obtained by dividing the electric field energy density of each electric field by the electric field serial number, if the electric field energy density of one electric field is omega, the electric field energy density of two electric fields is omega/2, the electric field energy density of three electric fields is omega/3, the electric field energy density of four electric fields is omega/4, the electric field energy density of five electric fields is omega/5, and the electric field energy density of n electric fields is omega/n.
According to the design method of the electrostatic precipitator based on the electric field energy density, the electric field energy density is increased by increasing the plate current density under the condition that the power supply of the electrostatic precipitator is selected.
The method can design the electrostatic precipitator from the aspects of electric parameters (namely electric field intensity, plate current density) and body parameters (small electric field and small partition), particularly strengthen the dedusting efficiency of an electric field, reduce the supply of electric field energy density of all electric fields at the back and meet the requirements of high efficiency and energy conservation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of controlling effects of each electric field in the second application prospect of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an electrostatic precipitator electric field energy density concept, namely: the electric field energy density is the product of the electric field strength and the plate current density.
ω＝E·J
Wherein: omega: electric field energy density, KVA/m 3 ；
E: electric field strength, KV/cm;
j: plate current density, mA/m 2
From ω=e·j units KVA/m 3 It can be seen that the electric field energy density reflects the power source energy value acting in the electric field space, and the electric field energy density integrates the electric characteristics of the electric field and the body characteristics of the electric field, so that the higher the electric field energy density is, the better the dust collection effect is.
The power supply of the electrostatic precipitator is divided into m grades according to voltage values from large to small, the voltage of the first grade power supply is D1, the voltage of the second grade power supply is D2, the voltage of the third grade power supply is D3, and the voltage of the mth grade power supply is Dm, the electric field intensity E1 = D1/Da corresponding to the first grade power supply is the heteropolar distance, the electric field energy density omega 1 = D1/Da.J1 corresponding to the first grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the first grade power supply, the electric field intensity E2 = D2/Da corresponding to the second grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the second grade power supply, the electric field energy density omega 2 = D2/Da.J2 corresponding to the second grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the third grade power supply, the electric field intensity E3 = D3/Da.J3 corresponding to the third grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the third grade power supply, and the electric field energy density omega 3 = D3/Da corresponding to the third grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the second grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the third grade, and the electric field density omega 2 = Dm/Da corresponding to the first grade power supply is the plate current density corresponding to the third grade; taking the electric field energy density omega 1 corresponding to the first-level power supply as a standard, if the electrostatic precipitator adopts the second-level power supply and wants to achieve the same dust collection effect as that after adopting the first-level power supply, if omega 2 = omega 1, D1/Da.J1 = D2/Da.J2, and J2 = D1.J1/D2; if the electrostatic precipitator adopts the third-level power supply and is required to achieve the same dust collection effect as that after adopting the first-level power supply, and ω3=ω1, then d1/da·j1=d3/da·j3, and j3=d1·j1/D3; by analogy, if the m-th stage power source is used in the electrostatic precipitator, if ωm=ω1 is set to be equal to ωm=dm/da·jm, jm=d1·j1/Dm, and the like, the effect of dust collection is to be achieved after the first stage power source is used.
Application prospect
1. The power supply type selection of the electrostatic precipitator can be guided through the electric field energy density. If the power supply voltage of the electrostatic precipitator is 80KV (first class power supply), the electric field strength is 4KV/cm, and the plate current density is 0.4mA/m 2 Then the electric field energy density is 0.16KVA/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The existing power supply voltage is 72KV (second level power supply), the electric field strength is 3.6KV/cm, and 0.16KVA/m is ensured 3 It can be seen that the plate current density of the power supply is selected to be 0.44mA/m 2 Thus, two power supplies with different grades can be ensured to realize the same dust removal efficiency. If the existing power supply voltage is 66KV (third-level power supply), the electric field strength is 3.3KV/cm, and 0.16KVA/m is ensured 3 It can be seen that the plate current density of the power supply is selected to be 0.49mA/m 2 Thus canSo as to ensure that two power supplies with different grades realize the same dust removal efficiency.
2. The operation control of each electric field of the electrostatic precipitator can be guided through the energy density of the electric field.
In the operation process, different electric field energy densities can be configured according to the dust characteristics and the dust quantity of each electric field. Can save electricity consumption of electric dust removal and reduce station service power consumption of the electric dust removal on the premise of high-efficiency dust removal. The electric field energy density of each electric field can be obtained by dividing the electric field energy density by the electric field sequence number if the electric field energy density of an electric field is 0.16KW A/m 3 The electric field energy density of the two electric fields is 0.08KW A/m 3 The electric field energy density of the three electric fields is 0.053KW A/m 3 The electric field energy density of the four electric fields is 0.04KW A/m 3 The electric field energy density of the five electric fields is 0.032KW A/m 3 . Thus, the high-efficiency and stable dust collection efficiency can be realized. The dust removal efficiency of an electric field is enhanced, the supply of electric field energy density of all electric fields at the back can be reduced, and the requirements of high efficiency and energy conservation are met. The electric field energy density of the single electric field determines the dust collection efficiency of the single electric field, and the superposition of the dust collection efficiencies of the plurality of electric fields is the dust collection efficiency of the whole electric dust collector. The electric field energy density is proportional to the dust concentration of the electric field and inversely proportional to the electric field number. As can be seen from fig. 1, the electric field energy density of each electric field is gradually reduced according to the dust concentration, so that high-efficiency and stable dust collection efficiency can be realized.
3. Can provide guidance for a high-density power supply scheme of the electrostatic precipitator.
Combining the formula omega=E.J can obtain that the current density of the single electric field plate is increased by 50% -100%, and the dust removal efficiency can be increased by 3% -5%. In order to improve the dust removal efficiency of an electric field, the cathode line arrangement of the electric field can be changed into bipolar line arrangement, and an electric field discharge point is increased, namely the plate current density is increased, and then the electric field energy density of the electric field is increased. The single electric field dust removal efficiency can be increased by 3-5% under the condition that the existing electric field is unchanged in size.
Claims (3)
1. The electrostatic precipitator design method based on electric field energy density is characterized in that: the method is based on an electric field energy density that is the product of the electric field strength and the plate current density, ω= E.J, where: omega: electric field energy density, E: electric field strength, J: plate current density; the power supply of the electrostatic precipitator is divided into m grades according to the voltage value from large to small, the voltage of a first grade power supply is D1, the voltage of a second grade power supply is D2, the voltage of a third grade power supply is D3, and the voltage of an mth grade power supply is Dm; the electric field intensity E1 = D1/Da corresponding to the first level power supply, da is the heteropolar distance, the electric field energy density omega 1 = D1/Da corresponding to the first level power supply, J1 is the plate current density corresponding to the first level power supply, the electric field intensity E2 = D2/Da corresponding to the second level power supply, the electric field energy density omega 2 = D2/Da. J2, J2 is the plate current density corresponding to the second level power supply, the electric field intensity E3 = D3/Da corresponding to the third level power supply, the electric field energy density omega 3 = D3/Da. J3, J3 is the plate current density corresponding to the third level power supply, and so on, the electric field intensity Em = Dm/Da corresponding to the m level power supply, the electric field energy density m = Dm/Da. Jm corresponding to the m level power supply; taking the electric field energy density omega 1 corresponding to the first-level power supply as a standard, if the electrostatic precipitator adopts the second-level power supply, the same dust collection effect as that after adopting the first-level power supply is required to be achieved, and if omega 2 = omega 1, D1/Da. J1 = D2/Da. J2, J2 = D1. J1/D2; if the electrostatic precipitator adopts a third-level power supply and is required to achieve the same dust collection effect as that after adopting a first-level power supply, and ω3=ω1, D1/Da.J1=D3/Da.J3, J3=D1.J1/D3; by analogy, if the electrostatic precipitator adopts the m-th grade power supply, and if the same dust collection effect is required as that after the first grade power supply is adopted, and ωm=ω1, D1/Da. J1=Dm/Da. Jm, jm=D1.j1/Dm.
2. The electrostatic precipitator design method based on electric field energy density according to claim 1, wherein: the electrostatic precipitator has n electric fields, the electric field energy density of each electric field is obtained by dividing the electric field energy density by the electric field serial number, the electric field energy density of one electric field is omega, the electric field energy density of two electric fields is omega/2, the electric field energy density of three electric fields is omega/3, the electric field energy density of four electric fields is omega/4, the electric field energy density of five electric fields is omega/5, and the electric field energy density of n electric fields is omega/n.
3. The electrostatic precipitator design method based on electric field energy density according to claim 2, wherein: electrostatic precipitators increase the electric field energy density by increasing the plate current density under power selected conditions.
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