CN116929929A - Compression mechanical property test device - Google Patents
Compression mechanical property test device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116929929A CN116929929A CN202310907969.6A CN202310907969A CN116929929A CN 116929929 A CN116929929 A CN 116929929A CN 202310907969 A CN202310907969 A CN 202310907969A CN 116929929 A CN116929929 A CN 116929929A
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- liquid storage
- plate
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0464—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils with provisions for testing more than one specimen at the time
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a compression mechanical property test device, which relates to the technical field of material mechanical property test and comprises the following components: the central shaft of the support ring is vertical; the liquid storage disc is hollow, liquid is arranged in the hollow part of the liquid storage disc, and the liquid storage disc and the hollow part are cylindrical and coaxial with the support ring; the center of the top surface of the liquid storage disc is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the vertical compression bar, and the vertical compression bar is in sealing and sliding fit with the first through hole; the testing mechanism is distributed along the circumference of the liquid storage disc, and each testing mechanism comprises a sliding groove, a first clamp, a second clamp and a horizontal compression bar. The compression mechanical property test device improves the stability and the precision of the compression mechanical property test of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material mechanical property testing, in particular to a compression mechanical property testing device.
Background
Novel materials with excellent properties such as carbon fiber composite materials have very wide application in the fields of aerospace, high-speed rail, automobiles, wind power generation and the like, and a large number of tests are often required. The compression performance is one of important mechanical properties of the novel material, and the corresponding compression test is also one of important tests of the novel material.
The existing compression test generally has various difficulties such as rotation clamping of a compression platform, instability of a sample due to load deviation, difficult clamping, high test operation difficulty, clamping of a guide rod and the like, and the test is time-consuming and labor-consuming, is difficult to obtain the actual compression strength of the material, and is extremely easy to cause material waste and economic loss.
In order to solve the problems of rotation clamping of a compression platform, instability of a sample due to load deviation, difficult clamping, high test operation difficulty, clamping of a guide rod and the like, the prior measures to avoid the problems are as follows: the design of the sample is modified, and a small-size square block is adopted, and the square block does not need a special compression clamp and only needs to be placed on a compression platform. The defects of the technology are that the samples are more in layering, large in thickness, more in material waste, large in layering workload, large in solidifying and processing difficulty, and more defects are more easily generated, so that the strength of the materials is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compression mechanical property test device which is used for solving the problems in the prior art and improving the stability and the precision of a compression mechanical property test on a material.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a compression mechanical property test device, which comprises:
a support ring having a central axis vertical;
the liquid storage disc is hollow, liquid is arranged in the hollow part of the liquid storage disc, and the liquid storage disc and the hollow part are cylindrical and coaxial with the support ring;
the center of the top surface of the liquid storage disc is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the vertical compression bar, and the vertical compression bar is in sealing and sliding fit with the first through hole; the vertical compression bar is used for transmitting a vertically downward pressing load of the pressing mechanism;
the testing mechanisms are distributed along the circumferential direction of the liquid storage disc, each testing mechanism comprises a sliding groove, a first clamp, a second clamp and a horizontal pressing rod, the length direction of the sliding groove and the length direction of the horizontal pressing rod are the same as the radial direction of the supporting ring, one end of the sliding groove is fixedly connected with the liquid storage disc, and the other end of the sliding groove is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the supporting ring; the side wall of the liquid storage disc is provided with a second through hole corresponding to each horizontal compression bar, and the horizontal compression bars are in sealing and sliding fit with the corresponding second through holes; the first clamp is fixedly connected or abutted to one end of the horizontal compression bar, extending out of the liquid storage disc, of the first clamp, the second clamp is in sliding fit with the sliding groove, the first clamp is used for clamping one end of a compression sample, the second clamp is used for clamping the other end of the compression sample, and the compression sample is located between the first clamp and the second clamp.
Preferably, the first clamp comprises a first clamp plate and a second clamp plate, the first clamp plate is an L-shaped plate, the second clamp plate is a rectangular plate, the second clamp plate can be connected with the horizontal portion of the first clamp plate through bolts, the end portion of the compression sample can be clamped between the second clamp plate and the horizontal portion of the first clamp plate, and the vertical portion of the first clamp plate is fixedly connected with or abutted to the horizontal compression rod.
Preferably, the second clamp comprises a third clamp plate and a fourth clamp plate, the third clamp plate is an L-shaped plate or a rectangular plate, the fourth clamp plate is a rectangular plate, the third clamp plate can be connected with the fourth clamp plate through bolts, and the end part of the compression sample can be clamped between the third clamp plate and the fourth clamp plate.
Preferably, an end of the second clamp away from the first clamp can abut against the inner wall of the support ring.
Preferably, the inner wall of the support ring is provided with an abutting groove corresponding to the second clamp, and a vertical abutting plane for abutting against one end, away from the first clamp, of the second clamp is arranged in the abutting groove.
Preferably, the test device further comprises a steel cushion block, and the steel cushion block is used for clamping the test mechanism without clamping the compressed sample when the number of the compressed samples is smaller than that of the test mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the compression mechanical property test device improves the stability and the precision of the compression mechanical property test of the material.
Specifically, when the compression mechanical property test device is used for testing, the vertical pressing load of the universal testing machine drives the vertical pressing rod to move downwards, the load is transmitted to liquid in the liquid storage disc, the influence of rotation blocking of the compression block on the load centering is avoided, and the probability of sample waste caused by early instability of a sample due to poor compression load centering is reduced; the load of the testing machine is converted into liquid pressure to push the horizontal compression bar to horizontally move along the axis of the second through hole, so that the first clamp and the second clamp are driven to move along the constrained direction, and the problem of guide rod blocking in the existing compression testing method is avoided; the compression mechanical property test device can obtain more real material compression strength.
Because the vertical portion butt of the first splint in compression sample one end and the first anchor clamps, so only need screw up the bolt on the first anchor clamps press from both sides tightly can, reduced the degree of difficulty in general anchor clamps centering, the sample installation is easier, avoids the test sample like general anchor clamps to repeat the condition of centre gripping installation many times, reduces the operating time of sample installation centre gripping. The device provided by the invention avoids the problems of difficult repeated installation and repeated test and debugging of installation and clamping, and is easy to test compressed samples in batches.
The diameters of the horizontal press rods in different test mechanisms are the same, the transmitted loads are the same, a plurality of compression samples can be tested simultaneously by one test machine, and the test efficiency can be greatly improved.
The first clamp and the second clamp move along the sliding groove in the horizontal direction, the weight of the clamp cannot generate load in the horizontal direction, and the precision of the compression mechanical property test is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compression mechanical property test device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the compression mechanical property test device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a part of the compression mechanical property test device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a steel pad in the compression mechanical property test device of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a supporting ring; 2. a liquid storage disc; 3. a vertical compression bar; 4. a chute; 5. an abutment groove; 6. a horizontal compression bar; 7. a first clamping plate; 8. a second clamping plate; 9. a third clamping plate; 10. a fourth clamping plate; 11. and a steel cushion block.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a compression mechanical property test device which is used for solving the problems in the prior art and improving the stability and the precision of a compression mechanical property test on a material.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a compression mechanical property test device, including:
the support ring 1, the central axis of the support ring 1 is vertical;
the liquid storage disc 2 is hollow, liquid is arranged in the hollow part of the liquid storage disc 2, and the liquid storage disc 2 and the hollow part are cylindrical and coaxial with the support ring 1;
the center of the top surface of the liquid storage disc 2 is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the vertical compression bar 3, and the vertical compression bar 3 is in sealing and sliding fit with the first through hole; the vertical compression bar 3 is used for transmitting a vertically downward pressing load of the pressing mechanism; the vertical compression bar 3 is sealed with the first through hole through a sealing ring.
The four testing mechanisms are distributed along the circumferential direction of the liquid storage disc 2, and in practical application, the specific number of the testing mechanisms can be adaptively adjusted according to practical requirements.
Each test mechanism comprises a chute 4, a first clamp, a second clamp and a horizontal compression bar 6, the length direction of the chute 4 and the length direction of the horizontal compression bar 6 are the same as the radial direction of the support ring 1, one end of the chute 4 is fixedly connected with the liquid storage disc 2, and the other end is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the support ring 1; the side wall of the liquid storage disc 2 is provided with a second through hole corresponding to each horizontal pressure rod 6, the horizontal pressure rods 6 are in sealing and sliding fit with the corresponding second through holes, and the horizontal pressure rods 6 are sealed with the second through holes through sealing rings; the first anchor clamps link firmly or the butt with the one end that horizontal depression bar 6 stretched out liquid storage disc 2, and first anchor clamps and second anchor clamps all with spout 4 sliding fit, first anchor clamps are used for the one end of centre gripping compression sample, and the second anchor clamps are used for the other end of centre gripping compression sample, and compression sample is located between first anchor clamps and the second anchor clamps. A test mechanism is used to test a compressed sample.
It should be noted that the diameters of the horizontal compression bars 6 in different test mechanisms are the same, so that the loads transmitted by the different horizontal compression bars 6 are the same, one test machine can test a plurality of compressed samples at a time, and the test efficiency can be greatly improved.
The first clamp comprises a first clamp plate 7 and a second clamp plate 8, the first clamp plate 7 is an L-shaped plate, the second clamp plate 8 is a rectangular plate, the second clamp plate 8 can be connected with the horizontal part of the first clamp plate 7 through bolts, the end part of a compression sample can be clamped between the second clamp plate 8 and the horizontal part of the first clamp plate 7, and the vertical part of the first clamp plate 7 is fixedly connected with or abutted against the horizontal compression rod 6.
The second clamp includes a third clamp plate 9 and a fourth clamp plate 10, both of the third clamp plate 9 and the fourth clamp plate 10 are rectangular plates, the third clamp plate 9 can be connected with the fourth clamp plate 10 by bolts, and the end of the compressed sample can be clamped between the third clamp plate 9 and the fourth clamp plate 10. In addition, the third clamping plate 9 may be an L-shaped plate as in the first clamping plate 7, and when the third clamping plate 9 is an L-shaped plate, the end portion of the compressed sample can be clamped between the horizontal portion of the third clamping plate 9 and the fourth clamping plate 10.
One end of the second clamp far away from the first clamp can be abutted against the inner wall of the support ring 1; the inner wall of the support ring 1 is provided with an abutment groove 5 corresponding to the second clamp, and a vertical abutment plane for abutting against one end of the second clamp far away from the first clamp is arranged in the abutment groove 5.
When the number of compressed samples is smaller than the number of test mechanisms, the steel pad 11 is used for clamping by the test mechanism that does not clamp the compressed samples.
The specific process of testing the compressed sample by using the compression mechanical property test device of the embodiment is as follows:
1) A compression clamp is arranged at the pressing end of the pressing mechanism, and the pressing end of the pressing mechanism can vertically move downwards to press; the pressing mechanism can adopt a universal testing machine common in the field;
2) Placing the assembled compression mechanical property testing device of the embodiment on a universal testing machine table, and enabling the top end of the vertical compression rod 3 to be positioned right below a compression clamp of the pressing mechanism;
3) The first clamping plate 7 and the third clamping plate 9 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the same chute 4;
4) Placing the compressed sample on the first clamping plate 7 and the third clamping plate 9;
5) Placing a second clamping plate 8 and a fourth clamping plate 10 at two ends above the compressed sample;
6) The second clamping plate 8 is fixedly connected with the first clamping plate 7 through bolts, so that the second clamping plate 8 clamps one end of the compressed sample with the first clamping plate 7; the fourth clamping plate 10 is fixedly connected with the third clamping plate 9 through bolts, so that the other end of the compressed sample is clamped by the fourth clamping plate 10 and the third clamping plate 9; so far, the two ends of the compressed sample are clamped;
7) In the testing mechanism without clamping the compressed sample, placing the steel cushion block 11, so that a first clamp and a second clamp in the testing mechanism without clamping the compressed sample clamp two ends of the steel cushion block 11, and the steel cushion block 11 is used for supporting the horizontal compression bar 6 when being loaded; the steel cushion blocks 11 are in one-to-one correspondence with the test mechanisms which do not clamp the compressed test sample;
8) Setting a strain gauge on the compression sample, and connecting the strain gauge with a strain gauge;
9) Starting a universal testing machine, namely a pressing mechanism, driving a vertical compression rod 3 to move downwards through a compression clamp, transmitting load to liquid in a liquid storage disc 2, compressing the liquid in the liquid storage disc 2 by the vertical compression rod 3, and driving a horizontal compression rod 6 to slide outwards horizontally, so as to drive a first clamp and a second clamp to move along a constrained direction;
10 Record load (compression load = test vehicle load value x coefficient K, K = cross-sectional area of horizontal strut 6 +.cross-sectional area of vertical load strut 3) and strain;
11 Stress (stress = compressive load/(cross-sectional area of test section of specimen) versus strain curve.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "center", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A compression mechanical property test device, characterized by comprising:
a support ring having a central axis vertical;
the liquid storage disc is hollow, liquid is arranged in the hollow part of the liquid storage disc, and the liquid storage disc and the hollow part are cylindrical and coaxial with the support ring;
the center of the top surface of the liquid storage disc is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the vertical compression bar, and the vertical compression bar is in sealing and sliding fit with the first through hole; the vertical compression bar is used for transmitting a vertically downward pressing load of the pressing mechanism;
the testing mechanisms are distributed along the circumferential direction of the liquid storage disc, each testing mechanism comprises a sliding groove, a first clamp, a second clamp and a horizontal pressing rod, the length direction of the sliding groove and the length direction of the horizontal pressing rod are the same as the radial direction of the supporting ring, one end of the sliding groove is fixedly connected with the liquid storage disc, and the other end of the sliding groove is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the supporting ring; the side wall of the liquid storage disc is provided with a second through hole corresponding to each horizontal compression bar, and the horizontal compression bars are in sealing and sliding fit with the corresponding second through holes; the first clamp is fixedly connected or abutted to one end of the horizontal compression bar, extending out of the liquid storage disc, of the first clamp, the second clamp is in sliding fit with the sliding groove, the first clamp is used for clamping one end of a compression sample, the second clamp is used for clamping the other end of the compression sample, and the compression sample is located between the first clamp and the second clamp.
2. The compression mechanical property testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the first clamp comprises a first clamp plate and a second clamp plate, the first clamp plate is an L-shaped plate, the second clamp plate is a rectangular plate, the second clamp plate can be connected with the horizontal portion of the first clamp plate through bolts, the end portion of the compression sample can be clamped between the second clamp plate and the horizontal portion of the first clamp plate, and the vertical portion of the first clamp plate is fixedly connected with or abutted to the horizontal compression rod.
3. The compression mechanical property testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the second clamp comprises a third clamp plate and a fourth clamp plate, the third clamp plate is an L-shaped plate or a rectangular plate, the fourth clamp plate is a rectangular plate, the third clamp plate can be connected with the fourth clamp plate through bolts, and the end part of the compression sample can be clamped between the third clamp plate and the fourth clamp plate.
4. The compression mechanical property testing device according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the second clamp far away from the first clamp can be abutted with the inner wall of the support ring.
5. The compression mechanical property testing device according to claim 4, wherein: the inner wall of the support ring is provided with an abutting groove corresponding to the second clamp, and a vertical abutting plane for abutting one end, away from the first clamp, of the second clamp is arranged in the abutting groove.
6. The compression mechanical property testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the test device further comprises a steel cushion block, and when the number of the compressed samples is smaller than that of the test mechanisms, the steel cushion block is used for clamping the test mechanisms without clamping the compressed samples.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310907969.6A CN116929929B (en) | 2023-07-21 | Compression mechanical property test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310907969.6A CN116929929B (en) | 2023-07-21 | Compression mechanical property test device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116929929A true CN116929929A (en) | 2023-10-24 |
| CN116929929B CN116929929B (en) | 2024-07-05 |
Family
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| CN114858591A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-08-05 | 上海华橹科技有限公司 | High-speed tensile test device |
| CN218239608U (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2023-01-06 | 江苏汇丰薄膜有限公司 | Film tension testing device |
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| Title |
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