CN116927760A

CN116927760A - Downhole instrument fixing device with locking and damping functions and fixing method

Info

Publication number: CN116927760A
Application number: CN202210356486.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵金海; 程光明; 陈武君; 刘奔; 廖洪千
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-06
Filing date: 2022-04-06
Publication date: 2023-10-24

Abstract

The application provides a downhole instrument fixing device with locking and damping functions, which comprises: the first locking unit comprises a first locking shell, a transmission assembly and a first wedge reducing mechanism, wherein the first wedge reducing mechanism comprises a first elastomer; a shock absorbing unit; the second locking unit comprises a second locking shell and a second wedge reducing mechanism, and the second wedge reducing mechanism comprises a second elastomer; the upper end of the downhole instrument is connected with the first locking unit through the damping unit, the first wedge reducing mechanism can be opened in the radial direction to enable the first elastic body to be locked with the inner wall of the drilling tool, vibration generated by the drilling tool can be absorbed through the damping unit and the first elastic body, and/or the lower end of the downhole instrument is connected with the second locking unit, the second wedge reducing mechanism can be opened in the radial direction to enable the second elastic body to be locked with the inner wall of the drilling tool, and vibration generated by the drilling tool can be absorbed through the second elastic body. The application also provides a method for fixing the downhole instrument.

Description

Downhole instrument fixing device with locking and damping functions and fixing method

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of well drilling and completion, and particularly relates to a downhole instrument fixing device with locking and damping functions and a use method thereof.

Background

With the continuous deep exploration and development, the application of highly deviated wells, directional wells and horizontal wells is increasing. In order to accurately control the track of the well, accurately and efficiently hit a target point, the development cost is reduced, and an underground electronic measuring instrument becomes an indispensable configuration in the drilling process. Due to the severe drilling conditions, downhole tools are often subjected to high-intensity vibrations and shocks, which lead to great challenges in the fixation and shock absorption of downhole tools. In order to ensure the normal operation of the instrument, the underground measuring instrument adopts various vibration prevention and impact resistance technologies, and mainly comprises a vibration prevention circuit, a vibration prevention material filled in the underground measuring instrument, a rubber centralizing wing, a conductive bow-shaped piece and other vibration absorption structures arranged outside the underground measuring instrument.

The existing damping structures such as the external rubber centralizing wings, the conductive bow-shaped sheets and the like are simple and practical, but have some problems, such as unadjustable radial contact force, gradually reduced abrasion along with elements, limited damping effect, no axial positioning function, fixing by other devices, suitability for drilling tools with specific inner diameters, frequent replacement of the centralizing wings, the bow-shaped sheets and the like according to the inner diameters of the drilling tools, incapability of effectively protecting measuring instruments, and increased field workload.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the application aims to provide the downhole instrument fixing device with the locking and damping functions and the fixing method, and the downhole instrument fixing device can be applied to drilling tools with different inner diameters to install and fix the downhole instrument.

To this end, according to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a downhole tool holder with locking and damping functions, comprising: the first locking unit comprises a first locking shell, a transmission assembly arranged in the first locking shell and a first wedge reducing mechanism arranged on the outer surface of the first locking shell, wherein the first wedge reducing mechanism comprises a first elastomer; a shock absorbing unit for connection with a downhole tool; the second locking unit comprises a second locking shell and a second wedge reducing mechanism arranged on the outer surface of the second locking shell, and the second wedge reducing mechanism comprises a second elastomer; the upper end of the downhole tool is connected with the first locking unit through the damping unit, the transmission assembly can drive the first wedge reducing mechanism to be opened in the radial direction, so that the first elastic body and the inner wall of the drilling tool are locked, vibration generated by the drilling tool can be absorbed through the damping unit and the first elastic body, and/or the lower end of the downhole tool is connected with the second locking unit, the second locking unit is configured to be capable of rotating relative to the downhole tool, and the second wedge reducing mechanism can be opened in the radial direction through the downhole tool pressing down, so that the second elastic body and the inner wall of the drilling tool are locked, and vibration generated by the drilling tool can be absorbed through the second elastic body.

In one embodiment, the transmission assembly comprises a transmission bolt and a transmission nut arranged inside the first locking housing, the transmission bolt being inserted into the first locking housing and being adapted to be connected with the transmission nut, the transmission nut being movable in an axial direction by rotating the transmission bolt.

In one embodiment, a shoulder extending inwards in the radial direction is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the first locking shell, a bearing is arranged on the upper end face of the shoulder, and the transmission bolt is inserted into the first locking shell through the bearing.

In one embodiment, an elastic member is mounted inside the first locking housing, one end of the elastic member abuts against the lower end surface of the shoulder, and the other end abuts against the drive nut.

In one embodiment, the first wedge reducing mechanism further comprises:

the plurality of first sliding grooves are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the first locking shell, and the outer side end surface of each first sliding groove is configured to be a first inclined surface;

the first sliding wings are provided with first sliding blocks on the inner sides, second inclined planes which can be matched with the first inclined planes are formed on the two sides of the first sliding blocks, and the first elastic bodies are formed on the outer side surfaces of the first sliding wings;

the first sliding block is adaptively installed in the first sliding groove, and the first sliding wing can move relative to the first sliding groove along the axial direction and stretch out and draw back along the radial direction under the action of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane.

In one embodiment, the bottom of the first chute is provided with a communication groove penetrating through the first locking shell, the inner side of the sliding block is provided with a sliding wing handle, the transmission nut is uniformly provided with a plurality of mounting holes along the circumferential direction,

the sliding vane handle passes through the communication groove and is adapted to be mounted in the corresponding mounting hole so as to form a connection with the drive nut.

In one embodiment, the shock absorbing unit includes:

the inner wall of the damping shell is provided with a limiting step with the end face facing downwards;

the connecting shaft is used for connecting an underground instrument and is provided with a disc-shaped bulge;

an elastic element disposed within the shock absorbing housing; and

the compression nut is fixedly connected with the damping shell and axially compresses the elastic element on the limiting step;

the elastic element presses the upper end face and the lower end face of the disc-shaped bulge, and the upper end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the elastic element and is fixedly connected with a fastening nut, so that elastic connection is formed between the connecting shaft and the damping shell.

In one embodiment, the elastic element is made of rubber or elastic metal, and gaskets are respectively arranged at two ends of the elastic element.

In one embodiment, the compression nut adopts an inner hexagonal split nut, and the part of the outer wall of the connecting shaft corresponding to the compression nut is configured into an outer hexagonal shape, so that the connecting shaft can rotate synchronously with the damping shell.

In one embodiment, the second wedge reducing mechanism further comprises:

the second sliding grooves are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the second locking shell, and the outer side end surface of the second sliding groove is configured to be a third inclined surface;

the second sliding wings are provided with second sliding blocks on the inner sides, fourth inclined planes which can be matched with the third inclined planes are formed on the two sides of the second sliding blocks, and second elastic bodies are formed on the outer side surfaces of the second sliding wings;

the second sliding block is adaptively installed in the second sliding groove, and the second sliding wing can move along the axial direction relative to the second sliding groove and stretch out and draw back along the radial direction under the action of the third inclined plane and the fourth inclined plane.

In one embodiment, the second locking unit further comprises a locking ring and a positioning ring which are fixed on the downhole instrument, the lower end surface of the locking ring is provided with a lock tongue, the outer peripheral surface of the locking ring is uniformly distributed with a plurality of baffle plates,

the second locking shell is positioned between the lock ring and the axial direction of the positioning ring, the upper end of the second locking shell is provided with grooves and locking grooves which are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, the grooves and the locking grooves are positioned between the adjacent second sliding grooves,

wherein, the catch is configured to make the separation blade form axial limit to the second wedge reducing mechanism when the spring bolt is adapted with the locking groove, and release the axial limit to the second wedge reducing mechanism when the spring bolt is adapted with the fluting.

In one embodiment, a reset element is sleeved on the downhole instrument, two ends of the reset element respectively lean against the lower end face of the second locking shell and the upper end face of the positioning ring, and are used for pressing the lock tongue into the slot or the locking slot,

the second locking shell can compress the reset element and complete the switching of the lock tongue between the slotting and the locking slots through rotation.

According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a downhole tool securing method comprising the steps of:

providing a downhole tool holder as described above;

assembling the downhole instrument to form a downhole instrument string which sequentially comprises a first locking unit, a damping unit, the downhole instrument and a second locking unit from top to bottom;

feeding the downhole tool string to a predetermined position, and forming a lock with an inner wall of the drilling tool by radially expanding the second locking unit;

the first locking unit is radially opened to form locking with the inner wall of the drilling tool, so that the downhole instrument string is fixed in the drilling tool.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that:

according to the downhole instrument fixing device with locking and damping functions, the wedge-shaped mechanism is adopted, axial force and motion are converted into radial force and motion through the first wedge reducing mechanism and the second wedge reducing mechanism, locking of the wedge-shaped mechanism is achieved through the axial force, fixing force is adjustable, and reliability and stability of downhole instrument fixing are remarkably improved. And the radial positions of the corresponding sliding wings can be adjusted through the wedge-shaped mechanism, so that the downhole instrument can be installed in drilling tools with various inner diameters, and the application range of the downhole instrument fixing device is improved. The second wedge reducing mechanism is provided with a locking mechanism, so that the misoperation of the second sliding wing can be prevented. Meanwhile, the underground instrument fixing device can absorb vibration generated by the drilling tool through the first locking unit, the damping unit and the second locking unit, so that an effective damping effect is formed on the underground instrument. In addition, the first locking unit, the damping unit and the second locking unit can be used independently or in different modes, so that the damping device is applied to an underground instrument to meet different damping and fixing requirements, and the damping device is simple and convenient to operate and is beneficial to improving the operation efficiency.

Drawings

The present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 and 2 schematically show the structure of a downhole tool holder with locking and damping functions according to the present application.

Fig. 3a, 3b and 3c schematically show the unitary construction of the first locking unit and the shock absorbing unit in the downhole tool holder of fig. 1.

Fig. 4a and 4b schematically show the structure of the housing of the first locking unit and the shock absorbing unit shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 5a and 5b schematically show the construction of the drive nut in the first locking unit shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 6a and 6b schematically show the structure of the first sliding wing in the first locking unit shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 7a, 7b and 7c schematically show a radially opened state of the first wedge reducing mechanism in the first locking unit shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 8a, 8b and 8c schematically show the construction of a separate first locking unit in the downhole tool holder according to fig. 3.

Fig. 9a, 9b and 9c schematically show the construction of a separate damping unit in the downhole tool holder according to fig. 3.

Fig. 10a, 10b and 10c schematically show the construction of a second locking unit in the downhole tool holder according to fig. 1.

Fig. 11a and 11b schematically show the structure of the second locking housing in the second locking unit shown in fig. 10.

Fig. 12a and 12b schematically show the structure of the second sliding wings in the second locking unit shown in fig. 10.

Fig. 13a, 13b and 13c schematically show a structure in which the second wedge diameter-changing mechanism in the second locking unit shown in fig. 10 is in an unlocked state.

Fig. 14 schematically shows the second wedge reducing mechanism of fig. 13 in a radially expanded state.

Fig. 15-17 schematically illustrate operation of the downhole tool holder of fig. 1.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the first locking unit and shock absorbing unit combination applied to a downhole tool.

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of a second locking unit alone applied to a downhole tool.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a first locking unit, two shock absorbing units and a second locking unit in combination applied to a downhole tool.

In the present application, all of the figures are schematic drawings which are intended to illustrate the principles of the application only and are not to scale.

Detailed Description

The application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are provided only for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

For ease of understanding, in the present application, the end closer to the wellhead is defined as the upper end, upstream end or the like, and the end farther from the wellhead is defined as the lower end, downstream end or the like. When referring to the longitudinal direction, axial direction, or the like along the length of the downhole tool holder, the direction perpendicular thereto is referred to as the lateral direction, radial direction, or the like.

Fig. 1 and 2 schematically illustrate the structure of a downhole tool holder 100 having locking and shock absorbing functions according to the present application. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the downhole tool holder 100 includes a first locking unit 1, a damping unit 2, and a second locking unit 4. The damping unit 2 is elastically connected with the downhole tool 3 and is used for damping the downhole tool 3. The first locking unit 1 is connected to the upper end of the shock absorbing unit 2, the second locking unit 4 is connected to the lower end of the downhole instrument 3, and the downhole instrument 3 can be fixed inside the drilling tool 5 and kept axially fixed through the first locking unit 1 and the second locking unit 4, so that the downhole instrument 3 can be fixedly installed. The first locking unit 1 includes a first locking housing 103, a transmission assembly provided in the first locking housing 103, and a first wedge reducing mechanism 104 provided on an outer surface of the first locking housing 103, the first wedge reducing mechanism 104 including a first elastic body 10402. The second locking unit 4 includes a second locking housing 402 and a second wedge reducing mechanism 403 provided on an outer surface of the second locking housing 402, the second wedge reducing mechanism 403 including a second elastic body 40302.

During operation, the first locking unit 1, the damping unit 2, and the second locking unit 4 can be used alone or in combination in different ways. The upper end of the downhole tool 3 is connected with the first locking unit 1 through the damping unit 2, and the first wedge reducing mechanism 104 can be opened in the radial direction to lock the first elastic body 10402 with the inner wall of the drilling tool 5, so that the downhole tool 3 can absorb the vibration generated by the drilling tool 5 through the damping unit 2 and the first elastic body 10402. And/or the lower end of the downhole tool 3 is connected to the second locking unit 4, the second wedge reducing mechanism 403 is capable of being radially expanded to lock the second elastic body 40302 to the inner wall of the drilling tool 5, whereby the downhole drilling tool 5 is capable of absorbing shocks generated by the drilling tool 5 through the second elastic body 40302.

As shown in fig. 3a, 3b and 3c, the transmission assembly comprises a transmission bolt 101 and a transmission nut 106 arranged inside the first lock housing 103, the transmission bolt 101 being inserted into the first lock housing 103 and being in a threaded, mating connection with the transmission nut 106, the transmission nut 106 being axially movable by turning the transmission bolt 101.

A shoulder extending radially inward is provided on an inner wall of an upper end of the first lock housing 103, a bearing 102 is provided on an upper end surface of the shoulder, and a drive bolt 101 is inserted into the first lock housing 103 through the bearing 102. Thereby, the rotation of the drive bolt 101 is facilitated.

Inside the first lock housing 103 is mounted an elastic member 105, one end of the elastic member 105 abutting against the lower end face 10301 of the shoulder (see fig. 4 a) and the other end abutting against the drive nut 106. The elastic piece 105 can effectively prevent the transmission bolt 101, the transmission nut 106 and the first wedge reducing mechanism 104 from axially moving. The elastic member 105 may be, for example, a compression spring.

According to the present application, the first wedge reducing mechanism 104 further includes a plurality of first sliding grooves 1041 and a plurality of first sliding wings 1042 circumferentially uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the first locking housing 103. The outer end face of the first chute 1041 is configured as a first inclined surface 10303. The first slider 10401 is formed at the inner side of the first sliding wing 1042, the second inclined surface 10403 which can be adapted to the first inclined surface 10303 is formed at both sides of the first slider 10401, and the first elastic body 10402 is formed at the outer side surface of the first sliding wing 1042. The first slider 10401 is adaptively installed in the first sliding groove 1042, and the first sliding wing 1042 can move along the axial direction relative to the first sliding groove 1041 and can extend and retract along the radial direction under the action of the first inclined plane 10303 and the second inclined plane 10403. Fig. 3 shows the first wedge diameter reducing mechanism 104 in a retracted state. Fig. 7 shows the first wedge reducing mechanism 104 in a radially extended state.

A communication groove 10307 (see fig. 4 b) penetrating through a side wall of the first lock housing 103 is provided at a bottom of the first chute 1041, and as shown in fig. 5a and 5b, a plurality of mounting holes 10602 are uniformly provided in the drive nut 106 in the circumferential direction. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 6a and 6b, the inner side of the first slider 10401 is provided with a sliding vane 10404. The sliding vane handle 10404 passes through the communication slot 10307 and fits into the corresponding mounting hole 10602, thereby connecting the first sliding vane 1042 with the drive nut 106. The inner wall of the drive nut 106 forms internal threads 10601. The mounting hole 10602 is preferably provided as a square hole extending radially through the drive nut.

According to the present application, as shown in fig. 3c, the damper unit 2 includes a damper housing 201, a compression nut 202, a connection shaft 203, a fastening nut 205, and an elastic member 206. The inner wall of the shock absorbing shell 201 is provided with a limit step 10304 (see fig. 4 b) facing downwards. The connection shaft 203 is used to connect the downhole tool 3. The connection shaft 203 is provided with a disc-shaped protrusion 208. The elastic member 206 is disposed within the damper housing 201. Preferably, there are 2 elastic members 206, and the 2 elastic members 206 are respectively located at both axial sides of the disc-shaped protrusion 208. The compression nut 202 is used for pressing the elastic element 206, and the compression nut 202 is fixedly connected with the damping shell 201 and axially compresses the elastic element 206 on the limit step 10304. The elastic member 206 presses the upper and lower end surfaces of the disc-shaped protrusion 208, and the upper end of the connection shaft 203 passes through the elastic member 206 and is fixedly connected with the fastening nut 205, thereby forming an elastic connection between the connection shaft 203 and the damper housing 201.

The elastic member 206 is made of rubber or elastic metal, such as a spring, a disc spring, etc. At both ends of the elastic member 206, gaskets 207 are provided, respectively, and the gaskets 207 can position and protect the elastic member 206.

In one embodiment, the compression nut 202 employs an inner hexagonal split nut, and the portion of the outer wall of the connection shaft 203 corresponding to the compression nut 202 is configured as an outer hexagonal, thereby enabling the connection shaft 203 to rotate in synchronization with the damper housing 201 while being axially movable with respect to the compression nut 202. An internal thread 107 is provided at the lower end of the connection shaft 203 for connecting the downhole tool 3.

According to the application, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the first locking housing 103 and the shock absorbing housing 201 may be constructed as one piece, thereby integrating the first locking unit 1 and the shock absorbing unit 2 in one nipple.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the first locking housing 103 and the damper housing 201 may be constructed as a separate structure, and the first locking housing 103 and the damper housing 201 are fixedly coupled by screw threads.

According to the present application, the second wedge reducing mechanism 403 includes a plurality of second sliding grooves 4031 and a plurality of second sliding wings 4032 circumferentially uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the second locking housing 402. The outer end face of the second slide groove 4031 is configured as a third inclined face 40203. A second slider 40301 is formed on the inner side of the second slide 4032, and fourth inclined surfaces 40303 that can be fitted to the third inclined surfaces 40203 are formed on both sides of the second slider 40301. The second elastic body 40302 is formed on the outer side surface of the second slide wing 4032. The second slider 40301 is adapted to be mounted in the second chute 4031 and the second slide wing 4032 is axially movable relative to the second chute 4031 and radially retractable under the action of the third ramp 40203 and the fourth ramp 40303.

The second locking unit 4 further comprises a locking ring 401 and a positioning ring 405 fixed on the downhole instrument 3, a lock tongue 40101 is arranged on the lower end face of the locking ring 401, and a plurality of baffle plates 40102 are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the locking ring 401. The second lock housing 402 is located between the lock ring 401 and the axial direction of the positioning ring 405, and the upper end of the second lock housing 402 is provided with a slot 40201 and a locking groove 40202 which are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the slot 40201 and the locking groove 40202 are located between the circumferences of the adjacent second sliding grooves 4031. The lock ring 401 is configured to cause the catch 40102 to axially limit the second wedge reducing mechanism 403 when the lock tongue 40101 is mated with the lock groove 40202, and to release the axial limit of the second wedge reducing mechanism 403 when the lock tongue 40101 is mated with the groove 40201. Fig. 10 shows the second wedge reducing mechanism 403 in the second locking unit 4 in a locked state, where the locking tongue 40101 on the locking ring 401 is fitted into the locking groove 40202. Fig. 13 shows the second wedge reducing mechanism 403 in the second locking unit 4 in an unlocked state, where the locking tongue 40101 on the locking ring 401 is fitted into the slot 40201. Fig. 14 schematically shows the second wedge reducing mechanism 403 of fig. 13 in a radially expanded state.

According to the application, the second locking unit 4 further comprises a reset element 404, the reset element 404 being arranged around the downhole tool 3. Both ends of the reset element 404 respectively abut against the lower end surface of the second locking housing 402 and the upper end surface of the positioning ring 405, for pressing the latch bolt 40101 into the notch 40201 or the lock groove 40202. The second lock housing 402 is capable of compressing the reset element 404 and completing the switching of the latch 40101 between the notch 40201 and the latch groove 40202 by rotation.

The present application also provides a downhole tool securing method using the downhole tool securing apparatus 100 having locking and shock absorbing functions according to the present application. The method of securing the downhole tool is described in detail below. As shown in figures 15 to 17 of the drawings,

first, the downhole tool 3 is assembled, and the downhole tool 3 is connected to the downhole tool holder 100 to form a downhole tool string including the first locking unit 1, the damper unit 2, the downhole tool 3, and the second locking unit 4 in this order from top to bottom.

According to the inner diameter of the drilling tool 5, the initial position of the second sliding wing 4032 of the second locking unit 4 on the third inclined surface 40203 is adjusted, and meanwhile, the initial position of the first sliding wing 1042 on the first inclined surface 10303 is adjusted by rotating the transmission bolt 101, so that the outer diameters of the first locking unit 1 and the second locking unit 4 are slightly larger than the inner diameter of the drilling tool 5. Thereby, the first elastic body 10402 and the second elastic body 40302 are initially compressed and deformed, and friction force is generated with the inner wall of the drill 5. Through the above adjustment, the downhole tool holder 100 may be adapted for use with a variety of different inner diameter drilling tools.

The tool string is then fed into the tool 5 at a predetermined position inside the tool, and locked with the inner wall of the tool 5 by radially expanding the second locking unit 4. Specifically, the downhole tool string is lifted a certain distance, and the second sliding wings 4032 and the second locking housing 402 remain relatively stationary with the drilling tool 5 due to the friction between the second elastic body 40302 and the inner wall of the drilling tool 5, and the positioning ring 405 compresses the reset element 404 and moves up with the downhole tool string. At this time, the bolt 40101 is disengaged from the locking groove 40202, so that the downhole tool string can be rotated. The first locking housing 103 is rotated, and then the connecting shaft 203 is driven to rotate by the inner hexagon of the inner hexagon split nut 202, so that the downhole tool 3 is driven to rotate together. When the bolt 40101 is aligned with the slot 40201, the downhole tool string is released, and the bolt 40101 is matched with the slot 40201. Under the influence of the reset element 404, the latch 40101 remains in the slot 40201 and the catch 40102 no longer limits the relative movement of the second slide 4032. At this time, as shown in fig. 15, the second wedge diameter-changing mechanism 403 is in an unlocked state.

Further, the downhole tool string is pressed downward, the second sliding wings 4032 are relatively fixed to the drilling tool 5 under the action of friction force, the second locking housing 402 moves downward relative to the second sliding wings 4032, and under the action of the third inclined surface 40203 and the fourth inclined surface 40303, the outer diameter of the second sliding wings 4032 of the second locking unit 4 expands, so that the second elastic body 40302 is further compressed, friction force is increased, and further fixation of the second locking unit 4 to the downhole tool string is achieved. At this time, as shown in fig. 16, the second locking unit 4 is in an open state and forms a fixed installation with the inner wall of the drill 5.

Thereafter, the downhole tool 3 is fixedly installed by the first locking unit 1. Specifically, the first locking housing 103 is fixed, the driving bolt 101 is rotated, the driving nut 106 of the driving bolt 101 moves upwards under the action of the screw thread, so as to drive the first sliding wing 1042 to move upwards, the outer diameter of the first sliding wing 1042 increases under the action of the first inclined plane 10303 and the second inclined plane 10403, and the first elastic body 10402 is compressed further, the friction force increases, and the fixing of the downhole instrument string is completed. During this process, the downhole tool 3 is moved further downwards, so that the second locking unit 4 is locked further. As shown in fig. 17, at this time, the first locking unit 1 and the second locking unit 4 are both in an open state and form a fixed installation with the inner wall of the drilling tool 5, thereby realizing the fixed installation of the downhole tool 3.

During drilling, the vibrations generated by the drilling tool 5 are absorbed in part by the axial, circumferential and radial vibrations after passing through the first elastic body 10402 and the second elastic body 40302. Meanwhile, since the connecting shaft 203 is connected with the first locking housing 103 through the elastic element 206, the shock transmitted to the downhole tool 3 is further absorbed, thereby playing a role of shock absorption and protection for the tool.

When the downhole tool string needs to be removed from the drilling tool 5, the first locking unit 1 is unlocked first, the transmission bolt 101 is rotated reversely, the transmission nut 106 moves downwards under the action of the threads, the first sliding wings 1042 are driven to move downwards, the outer diameter of the first locking unit 1 is reduced, and the friction force is reduced. Then, the tool string is lifted up directly, the second locking unit 4 is unlocked, and the tool string is taken out.

According to the present application, the first locking unit 1, the damping unit 2, the second locking unit 4 can be used alone or in combination in different ways, thereby being applied to the downhole tool 3 to meet different damping and fixing requirements.

For example, as shown in fig. 18, one first locking unit 1 and one damping unit 2 are used in combination, which is the first locking unit 1, the damping unit 2 and the downhole tool 3 in this order from the top down, thereby fixedly mounting the downhole tool 3 inside the drilling tool 5, and at the same time, absorbing the shock generated by the drilling tool 5 through the first locking unit 1 and the damping unit 2, thereby forming a damping effect on the downhole tool 3.

As shown in fig. 19, a second locking unit 2 is separately applied to the downhole tool 3 to achieve a fixed mounting of the downhole tool 3, thereby fixedly mounting the downhole tool 3 inside the drilling tool 5. At the same time, the second locking unit 2 is able to absorb the shock generated by the drilling tool 5, thereby providing a shock absorbing effect to the downhole tool 3.

As shown in fig. 20, one first locking unit 1, two damping units 2, and one second locking unit 4 are used in combination, in order from top to bottom, the first locking unit 1, the damping unit 2, the downhole tool 3, the damping unit 2, and the second locking unit 4, thereby fixedly mounting the downhole tool 3 inside the drilling tool 5, and simultaneously absorbing vibration generated from the drilling tool 5 through the first locking unit 1, the damping unit 2, and the second locking unit 4, thereby forming a damping effect on the downhole tool 3.

The downhole tool fixing device 100 with locking and damping functions according to the present application adopts a wedge mechanism, which converts axial force and motion into radial force and motion through the first wedge reducing mechanism 104 and the second wedge reducing mechanism 403, and realizes locking of the wedge mechanism through the axial force, the fixing force is adjustable, and the reliability and stability of the downhole tool fixing installation are significantly improved. And the radial positions of the corresponding sliding wings can be adjusted through the wedge-shaped mechanism, so that the downhole instrument can be installed in drilling tools with various inner diameters, and the application range of the downhole instrument fixing device is improved. The second wedge reducing mechanism 403 is provided with a lock mechanism, and can prevent the second slide 4032 from malfunctioning. Meanwhile, the downhole tool fixing device 100 can absorb vibration generated by the drilling tool 5 during drilling through the first locking unit 1, the damping unit 2 and the second locking unit 4, thereby forming an effective damping effect on the downhole tool 3. In addition, the first locking unit 1, the damping unit 2 and the second locking unit 4 can be used independently or in combination in different modes, so that the device is applied to the downhole instrument 3 to meet different damping and fixing requirements, and the device is simple and convenient to operate and is beneficial to improving the working efficiency.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only of a preferred embodiment of the application and is not to be construed as limiting the application in any way. Although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the techniques described in the foregoing examples, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A downhole tool securing apparatus, comprising:

a first locking unit (1) comprising a first locking housing (103), a transmission assembly arranged in the first locking housing, a first wedge reducing mechanism (104) arranged on the outer surface of the first locking housing, the first wedge reducing mechanism comprising a first elastomer (10402);

a damping unit (2) for connection with a downhole tool (3);

a second locking unit (4) comprising a second locking housing (402) and a second wedge reducing mechanism (403) provided on an outer surface of the second locking housing, the second wedge reducing mechanism comprising a second elastic body (40302);

wherein the upper end of the downhole instrument is connected with the first locking unit through the damping unit, the transmission assembly can drive the first wedge reducing mechanism to open along the radial direction so as to lock the first elastomer and the inner wall of the drilling tool (5) and absorb the vibration generated by the drilling tool through the damping unit and the first elastomer,

and/or the lower end of the downhole tool is connected with the second locking unit, the second locking unit is configured to rotate relative to the downhole tool, and the second wedge reducing mechanism can be opened in the radial direction by pressing the downhole tool down, so that the second elastomer is locked with the inner wall of the drilling tool, and vibration generated by the drilling tool can be absorbed by the second elastomer.

2. A downhole tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a transmission bolt (101) and a transmission nut (106) arranged inside the first locking housing, the transmission bolt being inserted into the first locking housing and being adapted to be connected with the transmission nut, the transmission nut being axially movable by turning the transmission bolt.

3. A downhole tool holder according to claim 2, wherein a radially inwardly extending shoulder is provided on an inner wall of the upper end of the first locking housing, and a bearing (102) is provided on an upper end surface of the shoulder, through which bearing the drive bolt is inserted into the first locking housing.

4. A downhole tool holder according to claim 3, wherein a resilient member (105) is mounted inside the first locking housing, one end of the resilient member abutting the lower end face of the shoulder and the other end abutting the drive nut.

5. A downhole tool holder according to claim 3, wherein the first wedge reducing mechanism further comprises:

a plurality of first sliding grooves (1041) circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the first locking housing, wherein the outer end surfaces of the first sliding grooves are configured as first inclined surfaces (10303);

a plurality of first sliding wings (1042), wherein a first sliding block (10401) is formed on the inner side of the first sliding wings, second inclined planes (10403) which can be matched with the first inclined planes are formed on the two sides of the first sliding block, and the first elastic bodies (10402) are formed on the outer side surfaces of the first sliding wings;

6. The downhole tool holder according to claim 5, wherein the bottom of the first runner is provided with a communication groove (10307) penetrating the first locking housing, the inner side of the first slider is provided with a sliding wing handle (10404), the driving nut is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (10602) uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction,

7. The downhole tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the shock absorbing unit comprises:

the damping shell (201) is provided with a limit step (10304) with a downward end face on the inner wall;

a connection shaft (203) for connecting a downhole tool, the connection shaft being provided with a disc-shaped protrusion (208);

-an elastic element (206) arranged inside the shock absorbing shell; and

the compression nut (202) is used for pressing the elastic element, is fixedly connected with the damping shell and axially compresses the elastic element on the limiting step;

the elastic element presses the upper end face and the lower end face of the disc-shaped bulge, and the upper end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the elastic element and is fixedly connected with a fastening nut (205), so that elastic connection is formed between the connecting shaft and the damping shell.

8. A downhole tool holder according to claim 7, wherein the resilient element is made of rubber or resilient metal elements and gaskets (207) are provided at each end of the resilient element.

9. The downhole tool holder of claim 7, wherein the compression nut is an internal hexagonal split nut and the portion of the outer wall of the connection shaft corresponding to the compression nut is configured as an external hexagonal split nut to allow the connection shaft to rotate in synchronization with the shock housing.

10. The downhole tool holder of claim 1, wherein the second wedge reducing mechanism further comprises:

a plurality of second sliding grooves (4031) circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the second locking housing, wherein the outer end surface of the second sliding grooves is configured as a third inclined surface (40203);

a plurality of second sliding wings (4032), wherein a second sliding block (40301) is formed on the inner side of the second sliding wings, fourth inclined planes (40303) which can be matched with the third inclined planes are formed on two sides of the second sliding block, and a second elastic body (40302) is formed on the outer side surface of the second sliding wings;

11. The downhole tool holder according to claim 10, wherein the second locking unit further comprises a locking ring (401) and a positioning ring (405) fixed on the downhole tool, wherein a lock tongue (40101) is provided on a lower end surface of the locking ring, a plurality of blocking pieces (40102) are uniformly distributed on an outer peripheral surface of the locking ring,

the second locking shell is positioned between the lock ring and the axial direction of the positioning ring, the upper end of the second locking shell is provided with grooves (40201) and locking grooves (40202) which are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, the grooves and the locking grooves are positioned between the adjacent second sliding grooves,

12. A downhole tool holder according to claim 11, wherein a return element (404) is arranged around the downhole tool, the return element having two ends abutting against the lower end face of the second locking housing and the upper end face of the retaining ring, respectively, for pressing the locking tongue into the slot or the locking slot,

13. A method of downhole tool fixation comprising the steps of:

providing a downhole tool holder according to any of claims 1 to 12;

feeding the downhole tool string to a predetermined position, forming a lock with the inner wall of the drilling tool (5) by radially expanding the second locking unit;

the first locking unit is radially opened to form a lock with the inner wall of the drilling tool (5), so that the downhole tool string is fixed in the drilling tool.