CN116920003B - Method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose - Google Patents
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- 241000219925 Oenothera Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 235000004496 Oenothera biennis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000002212 flavone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- AEQPIBDYEXHEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate;ethanol Chemical compound CCO.CCCCOC(C)=O AEQPIBDYEXHEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- LJQKCYFTNDAAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCO.CCOC(C)=O LJQKCYFTNDAAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 33
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PVGBHEUCHKGFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;n-[5-amino-2-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonylphenyl]sulfonylacetamide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 PVGBHEUCHKGFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 229940045761 evening primrose extract Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 flavonoid compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- JMGZEFIQIZZSBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bioquercetin Natural products CC1OC(OCC(O)C2OC(OC3=C(Oc4cc(O)cc(O)c4C3=O)c5ccc(O)c(O)c5)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1O JMGZEFIQIZZSBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N eriodictyol 7-O-rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C=C3C(C(C(O)=C(O3)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)=O)=C(O)C=2)O1 IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002481 ethanol extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002213 flavones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N quercetin rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 FDRQPMVGJOQVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKGXIBQEEMLURG-BKUODXTLSA-N rutin Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@@H]1OC[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 IKGXIBQEEMLURG-BKUODXTLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALABRVAAKCSLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N rutin Natural products CC1OC(OCC2OC(O)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1OC3=C(Oc4cc(O)cc(O)c4C3=O)c5ccc(O)c(O)c5 ALABRVAAKCSLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005493 rutin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960004555 rutoside Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001649187 Campsis radicans Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010008132 Cerebral thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035150 Hypercholesterolemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061216 Infarction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000001429 Intracranial Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HDPISCIDKUMRDI-UHFFFAOYSA-M N(=O)[O-].[Na+].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Al+3] Chemical compound N(=O)[O-].[Na+].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Al+3] HDPISCIDKUMRDI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000219929 Onagraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001754 anti-pyretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002221 antipyretic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940089020 evening primrose oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010475 evening primrose oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007760 free radical scavenging Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCCETWTMQHEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-Linolensaeure Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCC(O)=O VZCCETWTMQHEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCCETWTMQHEPK-QNEBEIHSSA-N gamma-linolenic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O VZCCETWTMQHEPK-QNEBEIHSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020664 gamma-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002733 gamolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007574 infarction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002417 nutraceutical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021436 nutraceutical agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0261—Solvent extraction of solids comprising vibrating mechanisms, e.g. mechanical, acoustical
- B01D11/0265—Applying ultrasound
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/15—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving mechanical treatment, e.g. chopping up, cutting or grinding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of extraction of plant total flavonoids, and provides a method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose, which comprises the following steps: s1, mixing evening primrose and a pretreatment agent, and grinding into powder to obtain an evening primrose pretreatment; s2, adding the evening primrose pretreatment into an ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to be alkaline, extracting, and filtering to obtain a first extract and a filter cake; s3, adding the filter cake into an ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to be alkaline, extracting, and filtering to obtain a second extract; s4, mixing the first extracting solution and the second extracting solution, regulating the pH to be acidic, uniformly stirring, standing, filtering to obtain a precipitate, and drying to obtain the evening primrose total flavone extract; the evening primrose is dried before use. By the technical scheme, the problems of low extraction rate, poor product quality, high extraction temperature and adverse industrialized production of the evening primrose total flavonoids in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction of total flavonoids of plants, and particularly relates to a method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose.
Background
Evening primrose is a perennial herb of the genus Oenothera of the family Onagraceae, commonly known as Indian trumpet creeper, and is yellow in flower, light in fragrance and elegant due to night flowering, and also known as evening primrose. The original america has become wild in the provinces of black longjiang, jilin, liaoning, etc. It can be used in mountain area, sunny slope, lin Jianhuo forest margin, and roadside. Evening primrose is a medicinal plant with versatile uses, and seed oil is edible; the flower contains aromatic oil and can be prepared into extractum; the stem bark can be used for manufacturing artificial fibers; the root is a good antipyretic and anti-inflammatory medicine; seeds and roots can be used for brewing wine; the stem and She Youqing have the effects of heat and toxic materials removal and pain relief; the oil content of the evening primrose seeds is high and reaches 22.6% -30.1%, and the seed oil is called evening primrose oil. In addition, evening primrose is the most important nutraceutical found in this century. Can be used for treating various diseases, regulating lipid substances in blood, and treating coronary infarction, atherosclerosis and cerebral thrombosis caused by hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia.
The various bioactive components such as gamma-linolenic acid, fatty acid and steroid contained in the evening primrose body have proved to have various effects of resisting sugar, regulating blood lipid, resisting thrombus and the like, and the evening primrose flavone is a natural antioxidant, and has excellent free radical scavenging capability and is widely applied to various fields such as food, medicine, beauty and health care and the like. Flavonoids are generally highly hydrophilic and lipophilic and can therefore be dissolved simultaneously by water and organic solvents. But the choice of organic solvents for different flavonoids is different. The existing evening primrose extract generally adopts hot water or ethanol extraction technology with the volume fraction of 40% -80%, and the obtained evening primrose extract has incomplete types of flavonoid compounds, low content and low extraction rate. The invention provides a method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose, which adopts ultrasound and different extracting solutions to extract the total flavonoids, thereby improving the extraction rate of the total flavonoids in the evening primrose and the content of the total flavonoids in the total flavonoids extract of the evening primrose.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose, which solves the problems of low extraction rate of the total flavonoids in evening primrose and low content of the total flavonoids in evening primrose, which are obtained by using a hot water or ethanol extraction method in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose comprises the following steps:
S1, mixing evening primrose and a pretreatment agent, and grinding into powder to obtain an evening primrose pretreatment;
S2, adding the evening primrose pretreatment into an ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to be alkaline, extracting, and filtering to obtain a first extract and a filter cake;
S3, adding the filter cake into an ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to be alkaline, extracting, and filtering to obtain a second extract;
S4, mixing the first extracting solution and the second extracting solution, regulating the pH to be acidic, uniformly stirring, standing, filtering to obtain a precipitate, and drying to obtain the evening primrose total flavone extract;
the evening primrose is dried before use.
As a further technical scheme, the pretreatment agent in step S1 is prepared from the following components in mass ratio of 2: 8-6: 4 sodium chloride and borax.
As a further technical scheme, the pretreatment agent in step S1 is prepared from the following components in mass ratio 3:7 sodium chloride and borax.
As a further technical scheme, the dosage of the pretreatment agent in the step S1 is 10-20% of the mass of the evening primrose.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S2 and the step S3, the extraction is ultrasonic extraction after soaking.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S2, the volume ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate is 3-1: 1.
As a further technical scheme, in step S2, the volume ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate is 2:1.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S3, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the butyl acetate is 5-3: 1.
As a further technical scheme, in step S3, the volume ratio of ethanol to butyl acetate is 4:1.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S2 and the step S3, the pH is adjusted to 8-10; in the step S4, the pH is adjusted to 2-3.
As a further technical scheme, ammonia water is used for adjusting the pH in the step S2 and the step S3; the pH is adjusted using hydrochloric acid in step S4.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S2 and the step S3, the soaking time is 1-2 h, and the ultrasonic time is 30-60 min.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S4, the standing time is 1-2 h, the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 2-3 h.
As a further technical scheme, in step S2, the mass-volume ratio of the evening primrose pretreatment and the ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution is 1:5 to 20.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S3, the mass-volume ratio of the evening primrose pretreatment to the ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution is 1:5 to 20.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. In the invention, the basic ethanol-ethyl acetate solution and the basic ethanol-butyl acetate solution are used as the extraction solutions, so that the flavones with different molecular weights and different polarities in the evening primrose can be extracted, and the extraction rate of the total flavones in the evening primrose is further improved.
2. According to the invention, the pretreatment agent and the evening primrose are firstly adopted for grinding to obtain the evening primrose pretreatment matter, then the total flavonoids in the evening primrose are extracted through soaking and ultrasound, the volatilization of the flavonoids in the evening primrose can be prevented by utilizing sodium chloride and borax in the pretreatment agent, the stability of the total flavonoids in the evening primrose can be improved, and the cell wall of the evening primrose is damaged by grinding and the existence of the sodium chloride and the borax, so that Huang Tongshi in the evening primrose is released, and the extraction rate of the total flavonoids in the evening primrose is improved; because phenolic hydroxyl exists in the flavonoid structure, the stability is poor, and oxidation is easy to occur after direct crushing and extraction, borax is added into the pretreatment agent, so that the oxidation of the flavonoid compound and the destruction of the parent nucleus of the flavonoid compound when the extracting solution is in alkalinity can be prevented, and the color development reaction of the flavonoid compound can be avoided; the sodium chloride is added into the pretreatment agent to prevent volatile organic substances in the evening primrose from volatilizing and prevent the extracting solution from volatilizing in the extracting process of the flavonoid compounds, so that the extracting rate of the total flavonoids of the evening primrose is obviously improved, and the content of the total flavonoids in the evening primrose extract is also obviously improved, thereby effectively solving the problems of low content of the total flavonoids in the evening primrose extract and low extracting rate in the prior art.
3. According to the invention, the extraction process is optimized and improved, and ultrasonic treatment is used in the extraction process, so that the extraction temperature is prevented from being too high, the volatilization of flavonoids in evening primrose and the structure of flavonoids in evening primrose are prevented from being damaged, and therefore, the extraction rate of the total flavonoids in evening primrose and the content of the total flavonoids in evening primrose extract can be improved by using the technical scheme of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose comprises the following steps:
S1, drying evening primrose at 60 ℃, taking 20g of dried evening primrose, adding 3g of pretreatment agent, mixing the evening primrose and the pretreatment agent, and grinding into powder to obtain an evening primrose pretreatment;
Wherein the pretreatment agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7, sodium chloride and borax;
s2, adding the evening primrose pretreatment into 200mL of ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 9 by using ammonia water, soaking for 1.5h, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 60min, and filtering to obtain a first extract and a filter cake;
wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate is 2:1, a step of;
S3, adding the filter cake into 200mL of ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 9 by using ammonia water, soaking for 1.5h, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 60min, and filtering to obtain a second extract;
Wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to butyl acetate is 4:1, a step of;
s4, mixing the first extracting solution and the second extracting solution, regulating the pH value to 2.5 by using hydrochloric acid, uniformly stirring, standing for 1.5 hours, filtering to obtain a precipitate, drying at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain a evening primrose total flavone extract, and measuring the total flavone content in the evening primrose total flavone extract by a spectrophotometry.
Example 2
A method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose comprises the following steps:
S1, drying evening primrose at 60 ℃, taking 20g of dried evening primrose, adding 4g of pretreatment agent, mixing the evening primrose and the pretreatment agent, and grinding into powder to obtain an evening primrose pretreatment;
Wherein the pretreatment agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7, sodium chloride and borax;
s2, adding the evening primrose pretreatment into 115mL of ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 8 by using ammonia water, soaking for 2 hours, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 45 minutes, and filtering to obtain a first extract and a filter cake;
wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate is 2:1, a step of;
s3, adding the filter cake into 115mL of ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 8 by using ammonia water, soaking for 2h, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 45min, and filtering to obtain a second extract;
Wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to butyl acetate is 4:1, a step of;
S4, mixing the first extracting solution and the second extracting solution, regulating the pH to 2 by using hydrochloric acid, stirring uniformly, standing for 1h, filtering to obtain a precipitate, drying at 80 ℃ for 2.5h to obtain a evening primrose total flavone extract, and measuring the total flavone content in the evening primrose total flavone extract by a spectrophotometry.
Example 3
A method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose comprises the following steps:
S1, drying evening primrose at 60 ℃, taking 20g of dried evening primrose, adding 2g of pretreatment agent, mixing the evening primrose and the pretreatment agent, and grinding into powder to obtain an evening primrose pretreatment;
Wherein the pretreatment agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7, sodium chloride and borax;
S2, adding the evening primrose pretreatment into 440mL of ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 10 by using ammonia water, soaking for 1h, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, and filtering to obtain a first extract and a filter cake;
wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate is 2:1, a step of;
s3, adding the filter cake into 440mL of ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 10 by using ammonia water, soaking for 1h, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, and filtering to obtain a second extract;
Wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to butyl acetate is 4:1, a step of;
S4, mixing the first extracting solution and the second extracting solution, regulating the pH to 3 by using hydrochloric acid, stirring uniformly, standing for 2 hours, filtering to obtain a precipitate, drying at 80 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a evening primrose total flavone extract, and measuring the total flavone content in the evening primrose total flavone extract by a spectrophotometry.
Example 4
The difference between this example and example 1 is only that the mass ratio of sodium chloride and borax of the pretreatment agent in step S1 is 2:8.
Example 5
The difference between this example and example 1 is only that the mass ratio of sodium chloride and borax of the pretreatment agent in step S1 is 6:4.
Example 6
The difference between this example and example 1 is only that the mass ratio of sodium chloride and borax of the pretreatment agent in step S1 is 5:5.
Example 7
This example differs from example 1 only in that the volume ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate is 1:1.
Example 8
This example differs from example 1 only in that the volume ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate is 3:1.
Example 9
This example differs from example 1 only in that the volume ratio of ethanol to butyl acetate is 5:1.
Example 10
This example differs from example 1 only in that the volume ratio of ethanol to butyl acetate is 3:1.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that borax is not added to the pretreatment agent in step S1.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that no sodium chloride was added to the pretreatment agent in step S1.
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example differs from example 1 only in that no pretreatment agent was added in step S1.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution used in step S2 was replaced with an equal amount of the ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution of step S3, and the ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution used in step S3 was replaced with an equal amount of the ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution of step S2.
The evening primrose and the obtained evening primrose total flavone extracts used in the preparation methods of examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were weighed, and the extraction rate of evening primrose total flavone was calculated according to the following formula:
Total flavone extraction (%) = (mass of evening primrose total flavone extract/mass of evening primrose) ×100;
The aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite method is one of the most used methods for measuring the flavone content in plants at present, rutin is often selected as a reference, and the total flavone content of the total flavone extract in evening primrose is measured by a spectrophotometry. Determination of total flavonoids content of evening primrose total flavonoids extract: precisely weighing 20mg of the extract of the total flavonoids in the evening primrose, putting the extract into a 25mL volumetric flask, and fixing the volume by distilled water. Sucking 6.0mL of sample solution, adding 2.0mL of 5% sodium nitrite solution into a 25mL volumetric flask, and reacting for 6min; then, adding 2.0mL of 10% aluminum nitrate, and reacting for 6min; then 10.0mL of 4% sodium hydroxide solution and distilled water were added to the scale. After 15min of reaction, an ultraviolet spectrophotometer is used for measuring absorbance value at a position of 510nm by a cuvette of 1cm, and the content of total flavonoids in the evening primrose total flavonoids extract is calculated according to a prepared rutin standard curve:
Table 1 extraction yield of total flavonoids from evening primrose and content of total flavonoids in evening primrose extract in examples and comparative examples
| Sequence number | Total flavone extraction/g | Total flavone extraction yield/% | Content of total flavonoids/% |
| Example 1 | 1.452 | 7.26 | 76.94 |
| Example 2 | 1.510 | 7.55 | 78.24 |
| Example 3 | 1.396 | 6.98 | 76.33 |
| Example 4 | 1.278 | 6.39 | 70.52 |
| Example 5 | 1.306 | 6.53 | 70.72 |
| Example 6 | 1.350 | 6.75 | 71.17 |
| Example 7 | 1.378 | 6.89 | 73.26 |
| Example 8 | 1.342 | 6.71 | 75.62 |
| Example 9 | 1.364 | 6.82 | 74.59 |
| Example 10 | 1.358 | 6.79 | 74.23 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.832 | 4.16 | 57.95 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.072 | 5.36 | 64.52 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.650 | 3.25 | 51.26 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1.208 | 6.04 | 69.45 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, in examples 1 to 10, the extraction rate of the total flavonoids of evening primrose and the total flavonoids content in the total flavonoids of evening primrose extract were higher than those in comparative examples 1 to 4, and compared with example 1, comparative example 1 was free from borax, comparative example 2 was free from sodium chloride, comparative example 3 was free from pretreatment agent, and as a result, the extraction rate of the total flavonoids of evening primrose and the total flavonoids content in the total flavonoids of evening primrose extract were lower than those in example 1, indicating that the extraction rate of the total flavonoids of evening primrose and the total flavonoids content of the total flavonoids of evening primrose can be further improved by adding sodium chloride and borax at the same time.
Compared with example 1, examples 4-6 change the mass ratio of sodium chloride and borax, and the results show that the extraction rate of the evening primrose total flavonoids in examples 4-6 and the content of the total flavonoids in the evening primrose total flavonoids extract are lower than those in example 1, and the mass ratio of sodium chloride to borax is 3:7, the extraction rate of the evening primrose total flavonoids is high and the content of the total flavonoids in the evening primrose total flavonoids extract is high.
Compared with example 1, the extraction sequence of the ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution and the ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution is changed in comparative example 4, and as a result, the extraction rate of the total flavonoids of evening primrose and the content of the total flavonoids in the total flavonoids of evening primrose extract in comparative example 4 are lower than those in example 1, which shows that the extraction is carried out by using the ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution and then using the ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution, so that the extraction rate of the total flavonoids of evening primrose and the content of the total flavonoids in the total flavonoids of evening primrose extract can be further improved.
Compared with example 1, examples 7-8 changed the volume ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate, examples 9-10 changed the volume ratio of ethanol to butyl acetate, and as a result, the extraction rate of total flavonoids of evening primrose and the content of total flavonoids in the total flavonoids of evening primrose extract in examples 7-10 were both lower than example 1, indicating that when the volume ratio of ethanol to ethyl acetate was 2:1, the volume ratio of ethanol to butyl acetate is 4:1, the extraction rate of the evening primrose total flavonoids and the content of the total flavonoids in the evening primrose total flavonoids extract can be further improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose, comprising the following steps:
S1, mixing evening primrose and a pretreatment agent, and grinding into powder to obtain an evening primrose pretreatment;
S2, adding the evening primrose pretreatment into an ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to be alkaline, extracting, and filtering to obtain a first extract and a filter cake;
S3, adding the filter cake into an ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution, adjusting the pH to be alkaline, extracting, and filtering to obtain a second extract;
S4, mixing the first extracting solution and the second extracting solution, regulating the pH to be acidic, uniformly stirring, standing, filtering to obtain a precipitate, and drying to obtain the evening primrose total flavone extract;
the evening primrose is dried before use;
The pretreatment agent in the step S1 is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 8-6: 4, sodium chloride and borax;
In the step S2 and the step S3, the extraction is ultrasonic extraction after soaking;
In the step S2, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the ethyl acetate is 3-1: 1, a step of; in the step S3, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the butyl acetate is 5-3: 1, a step of;
in the step S2 and the step S3, the pH is regulated to 8-10; in the step S4, the pH is regulated to 2-3;
Ammonia water is used for adjusting the pH in the step S2 and the step S3; the pH is adjusted using hydrochloric acid in step S4.
2. The method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the pretreatment agent in the step S1 is 10% -20% of the mass of the evening primrose.
3. The method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose according to claim 1, wherein the soaking time is 1-2 h and the ultrasonic time is 30-60 min in the step S2 and the step S3.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the time for standing is 1-2 hours, the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 2-3 hours.
5. The method for extracting total flavonoids from evening primrose as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the evening primrose pretreatment to the ethanol-ethyl acetate mixed solution in the step S2 is 1: 5-20; in the step S3, the mass volume ratio of the evening primrose pretreatment to the ethanol-butyl acetate mixed solution is 1:5 to 20.
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