CN116919685A - Metal vascular stent, stent production method, press-holding forming device and protective sleeve - Google Patents
Metal vascular stent, stent production method, press-holding forming device and protective sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN116919685A CN116919685A CN202311188124.2A CN202311188124A CN116919685A CN 116919685 A CN116919685 A CN 116919685A CN 202311188124 A CN202311188124 A CN 202311188124A CN 116919685 A CN116919685 A CN 116919685A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2240/00—Manufacturing or designing of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2240/001—Designing or manufacturing processes
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a metal vascular stent, a stent production method, a press-holding forming device and a protective sleeve, belonging to the technical field of medical appliances, wherein the metal vascular stent is made of a bioabsorbable material; in the production process of the metal vascular stent: cutting the planar plate by adopting a planar cutting mode to form a planar unfolded bracket shape; the planar plate is subjected to a bracket forming process to form a metal vascular bracket; the metal vascular stent comprises: a bar-shaped connecting part and a bending fault-tolerant section; the strip-shaped connecting parts are multiple and extend along the circumferential direction of the metal vascular stent; the strip-shaped connecting parts are connected through the bending fault-tolerant section to form the metal vascular stent. The metal vascular stent is manufactured by adopting the plate cutting mode, so that the problems that the uniformity of the components of the tube is poor and the second phase distribution is not as uniform as that of a plate material which is specially rolled in the conventional tube manufacturing process can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a metal vascular stent, a stent production method, a press-holding forming device and a protective sleeve.
Background
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is a heart disease, often referred to as coronary heart disease, caused by coronary artery angiogenic atherosclerotic lesions that cause stenosis or blockage of the lumen of blood vessels, resulting in ischemia, hypoxia or necrosis of the heart muscle. Coronary heart disease is one of the important factors causing human death, in 1977, gruentzig doctor performed world first coronary artery balloon dilatation, initiated a new era of interventional cardiology, after which percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was continuously explored and perfected over 30 years, with the advantages of increasingly obvious advantages, small trauma, high surgical success rate, and extremely low mortality and complications.
The existing metal vascular stent mainly comprises the following components: the first generation PLA degradable sub-expansion stent is a magnesium alloy AE21 material stent, and then the magnesium alloy stent is subjected to layer treatment in the later period. However, the PLA degradable sub-expandable stent, the magnesium alloy AE21 material stent and the magnesium alloy stent subjected to layer treatment all face the problems of excessively thick wall thickness and low strength of the stent. As a first person to examine the absorbable metal stent, the peer examined the feasibility and safety of the metal stent in blood vessels, and animal experiments were also performed by developing an iron stent, and the experimental results also show that the absorbable iron stent can be safely used in animals. However, the degradation corrosion rate of the iron stent is not uniform, and the slow corrosion characteristic becomes an obstacle to the development of the iron stent for treating coronary heart disease. In particular, the existing pipe manufacturing process causes the problem that the uniformity of the pipe components is poor, and the second phase distribution is not uniform as that of the specific rolled flat plate material.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a production method of a metal vascular stent and the metal vascular stent. In order to solve the problems that the uniformity of the components of the tube is poor and the second phase distribution is not as uniform as that of a specific rolled flat plate material in the existing tube manufacturing process, the invention provides a metal vascular stent which is a bioabsorbable material; in the production process of the metal vascular stent, the following steps are adopted: cutting the planar plate by adopting a planar cutting mode to form a planar unfolded bracket shape; the planar plate is subjected to a bracket forming process to form the metal vascular bracket;
the metal vascular stent comprises: a bar-shaped connecting part and a bending fault-tolerant section;
the strip-shaped connecting parts are multiple and extend along the circumferential direction of the metal vascular stent; the strip-shaped connecting parts are connected through the bending fault-tolerant sections to form the metal vascular stent.
Optionally, the strip-shaped connection part includes:
the radial support sections are W-shaped wave structures which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip-shaped connecting part;
the circumferential expansion sections are U-shaped wave structures which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip-shaped connecting part; the circumferential expanding section and the radial supporting section are sequentially connected in a staggered manner;
The axial bending resistance section is a T-shaped connecting rod arranged in the radial direction of the strip-shaped connecting part.
Optionally, the fault-tolerant section of bending is C type ripples structure, and the both ends of fault-tolerant section of bending respectively with axial bending resistance section with circumference expansion section links to each other.
Optionally, the radial support section, the circumferential expansion section, the axial bending-resistant section and the bending fault-tolerant section enclose a closed unit.
Optionally, the adjacent radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a mortise-tenon structure, so that the radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are welded and fixed; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adjacent radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a planar staggered splicing structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the radial support section and the circumferential expansion section which are adjacent are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a first planar graph splicing structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support section and the circumferential expansion section; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adjacent radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a second planar graph splicing structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The radial support section and the circumferential expansion section which are adjacent are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a plane mortise-tenon structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support section and the circumferential expansion section; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a flat splicing structure so as to realize the welding and fixing of the circumferential expansion sections; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adjacent radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a lamination overlapping structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
adjacent radial support section with circumference expansion section is through tooth mosaic structure concatenation pre-fixation links to each other, in order to realize radial support section with circumference expansion section welded fastening.
A method for producing a metallic vascular stent, which is used for producing the metallic vascular stent and comprises the following steps:
step S1, cutting a bracket: cutting the planar plate by adopting a planar cutting mode to form a planar unfolded bracket shape; the plane plate is made of a bioabsorbable material;
step S2, forming a bracket: performing crimping forming operation on the planar plate after finishing the bracket cutting operation;
Step S3, welding a bracket: welding and connecting the plane plates curled into a cylindrical structure;
step S4, polishing the stent to form the metal vascular stent.
Optionally, in step S1, the stent cutting is laser cutting, and the laser type includes: femtosecond laser, picosecond or fiber laser; the wavelength range of the laser is between 780 nm-1500 nm near infrared. The planar laser cutting technology is adopted, so that the weak heat influence of the direct cutting part is ensured not to influence the structural strength and the corrosion rate of raw materials.
Optionally, in step S3, the area where the connecting end surface and/or the cross section are located at the boundary of the planar sheet is welded and connected;
before welding work, the connecting ends of the planar plates of the metal vascular stent are clamped and connected in advance through an assembling structure;
the assembly structure comprises: mortise and tenon joint structure, face and face mosaic structure.
Optionally, in step S3, the bracket welding is laser welding, and the laser type includes: femtosecond laser, picosecond or fiber laser; the wavelength interval of the laser is between 780nm and 1100nm in the near infrared region and the short wave region; the welding technology realizes high-quality connection of complex structural members, and reduces the porosity of welding seams. And/or the number of the groups of groups,
The bracket welding is fusion welding or pressure welding;
when the bracket is welded by fusion welding, the adopted welding process is arc welding, electron beam welding or laser welding;
when the bracket is welded by pressure welding, the welding process adopted is resistance welding or friction welding.
Optionally, the planar plate is a Ti plate or an alloy plate containing Ti material; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the plane plate is an Fe plate or an alloy plate containing Fe materials; the Fe plate or the alloy plate containing the Fe material can be gradually degraded after being implanted into a blood vessel and fully endothelialized, so that the restenosis probability is reduced and the elasticity of the blood vessel is restored. And/or the number of the groups of groups,
the planar plate is an Mg plate or an alloy plate containing Mg materials.
Optionally, when the planar sheet is an Fe sheet or an alloy sheet containing an Fe material, the planar sheet is manufactured by cold rolling. The processing temperature of the planar sheet is below the recrystallization temperature, and the grains are elongated in the rolling direction to form a deformed texture, resulting in work hardening. Has higher tensile and yield strength compared with the drawn pipe with the same unit volume. Namely, compared with the same-strength pipe, the pipe has more excellent industrial molding rate and unit consumption value, is friendly, and has better radial support force and thinner wall thickness. Compared with the drawn pipe made of the same material, the metal vascular stent has the second phase which is more uniformly distributed, so that the degradation corrosion of the metal vascular stent is more uniform, and the pitting corrosion is more uniform.
Optionally, in step S4, the method further includes: a membranous protective layer is also arranged in the welding point area of the metal vascular stent; the membranous protective layer is used for enhancing the strength of the welding spot area, and can slow down and control the degradability of the metal vascular stent.
The membranous protective layer is made of a metal material with metal mobility larger than that of the metal vascular stent.
Optionally, when the planar plate is an Fe plate or an alloy plate containing an Fe material, the film-like protective layer is made of Zn or Mg; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the membranous protective layer is made of polymer degradable materials, and is PLLA, PDLA or PLGA.
Optionally, in step S4, when the planar plate is a degradable metal, the method further includes performing a hole forming treatment on the surface of the metal vascular stent, so as to smooth degradation corrosion.
Optionally, in step S3, when the planar sheet is a degradable metal, the connection portion for connecting the metal vascular stent is: the degradation speed is greater than that of the metal or nonmetal material of the plane plate; the connecting part is used for welding and connecting the planar plates and curling the planar plates into a cylindrical structure. After the stent is implanted into a blood vessel and fully endothelialized, the connection section part is degraded preferentially. So that the partially degraded stent becomes a partially coupled state. Which can provide sufficient radial support while greatly reducing implant volume. Thereby restoring the elasticity of the blood vessel and reducing the occurrence of thrombus and restenosis.
Optionally, in step S3, the welding position of the planar sheet is a non-stress concentration area, and the non-strain concentration area;
the maximum stress applied to the welding position of the planar plate meets the following conditions: less than 60% of the peak stress of the whole metal vascular stent;
the maximum strain of the welding position of the planar plate meets the following conditions: less than 60% of the peak strain experienced by the metallic stent as a whole.
Optionally, the connection mode of mortise and tenon joint structure is face-to-face connection, mortise and tenon joint structure includes: notch tenons, tongue-and-groove tenons and dovetails.
Optionally, in step S4, the method further includes: spraying the metal vascular stent with the medicine; the components of the medicament sprayed by the metal vascular stent are as follows: rapamycin or paclitaxel; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in step S4, further comprising: and carrying out galvanization treatment on the welding area of the metal vascular stent.
The metallic vascular stent can also be subjected to ethylene oxide or radiation sterilization treatment, and the product is stored in an inert gas package or a vacuum package, and the shelf life is 1-36 months.
A crimping tool for a metallic vascular stent, comprising:
the upper die is of a columnar rod structure with a semicircular cross section;
The lower die is of a columnar rod structure with a semicircular cross section; the shape of the lower die is matched with the shape of the upper die;
in the use process of the pressing and holding forming device, the hollowed-out planar plate for completing the cutting work of the support is wrapped on the lower die, and the upper die and the lower die are driven to be clamped, so that the welding plane of the hollowed-out planar plate is flattened. The press-holding forming device enables the butt joint planes to be kept parallel, finally meets the requirement of high-quality welding planes, improves the welding quality, and reduces the occurrence probability of welding defects.
Optionally, a welding hollowed-out hole is further formed in the lower die; the welding hollowed-out holes penetrate through the lower die and are arranged towards the connecting end of the hollowed-out planar plate.
Optionally, the upper die is made of stainless steel, tungsten steel, brass, beryllium bronze, beryllium copper, rubber or resin; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the lower die is made of stainless steel, tungsten steel, brass, beryllium bronze, beryllium copper, rubber or resin.
The bracket protecting sleeve is sleeved on the metal vascular bracket and is used for positioning and protecting the metal vascular bracket in the galvanization process of the metal vascular bracket;
The support protective sleeve is a hollow sleeve, and a through hole for a medium to pass through is formed in the support protective sleeve.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the metal vascular stent provided by the invention is made of a bioabsorbable material; in the production process of the metal vascular stent, the following steps are adopted: cutting the planar plate by adopting a planar cutting mode to form a planar unfolded bracket shape; the planar plate is subjected to a bracket forming process to form the metal vascular bracket; the metal vascular stent comprises: a bar-shaped connecting part and a bending fault-tolerant section; the strip-shaped connecting parts are multiple and extend along the circumferential direction of the metal vascular stent; the strip-shaped connecting parts are connected through the bending fault-tolerant sections to form the metal vascular stent.
In the prior art, a metal vascular stent is produced and molded by drawing a tube, so that the uniformity of the tube components is poor in the tube manufacturing process, and the second phase distribution is inferior to that of a specific rolled flat plate material. In order to solve the problems, the degradable metal vascular stent is processed by a bending and forming process. The bracket plate is formed by cold rolling. The processing temperature is below the recrystallization temperature, and the crystal grains are elongated along the rolling direction to form deformed textures, so that the processing hardening is generated. Has higher tensile and yield strength compared with the drawn pipe with the same unit volume. Namely, compared with the vascular stent cut by the same-strength tubular product, the vascular stent has more excellent industrial molding rate and friendly unit consumption value, so that the vascular stent has better radial support force and thinner wall thickness after being manufactured.
2. The invention provides a metal vascular stent, wherein the strip-shaped connecting part comprises: the radial support sections are W-shaped wave structures which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip-shaped connecting part; the circumferential expansion sections are U-shaped wave structures which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip-shaped connecting part; the circumferential expanding section and the radial supporting section are sequentially connected in a staggered manner; the axial bending resistance section is a T-shaped connecting rod arranged in the radial direction of the strip-shaped connecting part. The bending fault-tolerant section is of a C-shaped wave structure, and two ends of the bending fault-tolerant section are respectively connected with the axial bending-resistant section and the circumferential unfolding section.
In the invention, the axial bending-resistant section of the T-shaped connecting rod is connected with the adjacent wave part, so that the metallic vascular stent has stronger welding fault tolerance and axial adaptability after being curled; the support structure can meet the welding requirements of the inner side and the outer side without interference.
In addition, the metallic stent of the present invention comprises: the circumferential expansion section of the U-shaped wave structure, the radial support section of the W-shaped wave structure, the axial bending-resistant section of the T-shaped connecting rod structure and the bending fault-tolerant section of the C-shaped wave structure enable the curled metal vascular stent to have stronger welding fault-tolerant rate and axial adaptability; the support structure can meet the welding requirements of the inner side and the outer side without interference.
3. According to the metal vascular stent provided by the invention, the adjacent radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through the mortise and tenon structures, so that the radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are welded and fixed; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adjacent radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a planar staggered splicing structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the radial support section and the circumferential expansion section which are adjacent are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a first planar graph splicing structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support section and the circumferential expansion section; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adjacent radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a second planar graph splicing structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the radial support section and the circumferential expansion section which are adjacent are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a plane mortise-tenon structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support section and the circumferential expansion section; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a flat splicing structure so as to realize the welding and fixing of the circumferential expansion sections; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The adjacent radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a lamination overlapping structure so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support sections and the circumferential expansion sections; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
adjacent radial support section with circumference expansion section is through tooth mosaic structure concatenation pre-fixation links to each other, in order to realize radial support section with circumference expansion section welded fastening.
The connecting ends of the metal vascular stents are spliced before welding, so that the connecting ends of the metal vascular stents can be effectively pre-fixed, and the welding quality is improved.
4. The invention provides a production method of a metal vascular stent, which is used for producing the metal vascular stent and comprises the following steps: step S1, cutting a bracket: cutting the planar plate by adopting a planar cutting mode to form a planar unfolded bracket shape; the plane plate is made of a bioabsorbable material; step S2, forming a bracket: performing crimping forming operation on the planar plate after finishing the bracket cutting operation; step S3, welding a bracket: welding and connecting the plane plates curled into a cylindrical structure; step S4, polishing the stent to form the metal vascular stent.
In the invention, the bio-absorbable planar plate which is rolled is a metal vascular stent which is processed by the bending forming and welding processes and has excellent uniformity and the manufacturing mode thereof, and the bio-absorbable planar plate is characterized by good corrosion uniformity and structural strength.
5. In the production method of the metal vascular stent provided by the invention, in the step S1, the stent is cut into laser cuts, and the laser types comprise: femtosecond laser, picosecond or fiber laser; the wavelength range of the laser is between 780nm-1500nm near infrared. In step S3, the bracket welding is laser welding, and the laser includes: femtosecond laser, picosecond or fiber laser; the wavelength interval of the laser is between 780nm and 1500nm in the near infrared region and the short wave region; the welding technology realizes high-quality connection of complex structural members, and reduces the porosity of welding seams.
The plane laser cutting technology is adopted, so that the weak heat influence of the direct cutting part is ensured not to influence the structural strength and the corrosion rate of the raw materials, the laser welding technology is adopted in the rear bracket welding process, no additive is added in the welding process, no new element is introduced, the welding technology realizes high-quality connection of complex structural parts, the porosity of welding seams is reduced, the connection strength of welding sites is higher than 80% of the structural strength of the raw materials, and the condition that welding spots are broken in the bracket opening process is avoided.
6. The production method of the metal vascular stent provided by the invention further comprises the following steps in step S4: a membranous protective layer is also arranged in the welding point area of the metal vascular stent;
the membranous protective layer is used for enhancing the strength of the welding spot area, and can slow down and control the degradability of the metal vascular stent. The membranous protective layer is made of a metal material with metal mobility larger than that of the metal vascular stent.
7. The invention provides a press-holding molding device for a metal vascular stent, which comprises: the upper die is of a columnar rod structure with a semicircular cross section; the lower die is of a columnar rod structure with a semicircular cross section; the shape of the lower die is matched with the shape of the upper die; in the use process of the pressing and holding forming device, the hollowed-out planar plate for completing the cutting work of the support is wrapped on the lower die, and the upper die and the lower die are driven to be clamped, so that the welding plane of the hollowed-out planar plate is flattened.
According to the press-holding former, the welding planes are kept parallel by pressing and holding on the die, so that the requirements of high-quality welding planes are finally met, the welding quality is improved, and the probability of occurrence of welding defects is reduced.
8. The invention provides a press-holding forming device for a metal vascular stent, wherein a welding hollowed-out hole is further formed in a lower die; the welding hollowed-out holes penetrate through the lower die and are arranged towards the connecting end of the hollowed-out planar plate.
In the invention, the welding hollowed-out holes are arranged on the lower die, and the hollowed-out positions are welding spot welding areas, so that the welding sight is not blocked. The lower die is coated with the rolled metal vascular stent, and the upper die and the lower die are clamped to finish flattening a welding plane by placing the rolled metal vascular stent into a pressing and holding device.
9. The bracket protecting sleeve for the metal vascular bracket is sleeved on the metal vascular bracket and is used for positioning and protecting the metal vascular bracket in the galvanization process of the metal vascular bracket; the support protective sleeve is a hollow sleeve, and a through hole for a medium to pass through is formed in the support protective sleeve.
According to the invention, the metal vascular stent can be effectively positioned and protected through the stent protective sleeve, so that the high-purity inert gas is introduced into the metal vascular stent, and the galvanization is completed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a metal vascular stent according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stent cutting plane structure of a metal vascular stent made of bioabsorbable materials according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic enlarged partial view of a connection structure of adjacent strip-shaped connection parts of a metal vascular stent according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a mortise and tenon joint structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a planar misalignment splicing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first planar graphic splicing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second planar graphic splicing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a planar mortise and tenon joint structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat-spliced structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a laminated stacked structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a toothed splicing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a solid grip forming tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a press-holding molding tool with a welded hollow hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a support protective sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a bar-shaped connection part; 2-bending fault-tolerant sections; 3-metal vascular stents; 4-a radial support section; 5-a circumferential expansion section; 6-an axial bending-resistant section; 7-closing the cell; 8-mortise and tenon joint structure; 9-a plane dislocation splicing structure; 10-a first planar graphic splicing structure; 11-a second planar graphic mosaic; 12-plane mortise and tenon joint structure; 13-flat splice construction; 14-laminating the superimposed structure; 15-tooth-shaped splicing structures; 16-upper die; 17-lower die; 18-hollowed-out plane plates; 19-welding the hollowed-out holes; 20-a bracket protective sleeve; 21-through holes.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a metal vascular stent, as shown in fig. 1, the metal vascular stent 3 is a bioabsorbable material; in the production process of the metal vascular stent 3: cutting the planar plate by adopting a planar cutting mode to form a planar unfolded bracket shape; the planar plate is subjected to a bracket forming process to form the metal vascular bracket 3;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the metallic stent 3 includes: the strip-shaped connecting part 1 and the bending fault-tolerant section 2; the strip-shaped connecting parts 1 are multiple and extend along the circumferential direction of the metal vascular stent 3; the strip-shaped connecting parts 1 are connected through the bending fault-tolerant section 2 to form the metal vascular stent 3.
The strip-shaped connection part 1 includes:
the radial support sections 4 are W-shaped wave structures which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip-shaped connecting part 1;
the circumferential expansion sections 5 are U-shaped wave structures which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip-shaped connecting part 1; the circumferential unfolding sections 5 and the radial supporting sections 4 are sequentially connected in a staggered manner;
the axial bending resistance section 6, the axial bending resistance section 6 is a T-shaped connecting rod arranged in the radial direction of the strip-shaped connecting part 1.
The bending fault-tolerant section 2 is of a C-shaped wave structure, and two ends of the bending fault-tolerant section 2 are respectively connected with the axial bending-resistant section 6 and the circumferential unfolding section 5.
And as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the radial support section 4, the circumferential expansion section 5, the axial bending-resistant section 6 and the bending fault-tolerant section 2 enclose a closed unit 7.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the adjacent radial support section 4 and the circumferential expansion section 5 are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a mortise and tenon structure 8, so as to realize welding and fixing of the radial support section 4 and the circumferential expansion section 5;
of course, the fixing manner of the adjacent radial support sections 4 and the circumferential expansion sections 5 is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the adjacent radial support sections 4 and the circumferential expansion sections 5 are spliced and pre-fixed and connected by a planar dislocation splicing structure 9, so as to realize the welding and fixing of the radial support sections 4 and the circumferential expansion sections 5.
Of course, the fixing manner of the adjacent radial support section 4 and the circumferential expansion section 5 is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the adjacent radial support section 4 and the adjacent circumferential expansion section 5 are spliced and pre-fixedly connected by a first planar graphic splicing structure 10, so as to achieve welding and fixing of the radial support section 4 and the circumferential expansion section 5.
Of course, the fixing manner of the adjacent radial support section 4 and the circumferential expansion section 5 is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the adjacent radial support section 4 and the adjacent circumferential expansion section 5 are spliced and pre-fixedly connected by a second planar pattern splicing structure 11, so as to achieve welding and fixing of the radial support section 4 and the circumferential expansion section 5.
Of course, the fixing manner of the adjacent radial support sections 4 and the circumferential expansion sections 5 is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, the adjacent radial support sections 4 and the circumferential expansion sections 5 are spliced and pre-fixed and connected by a planar mortise-tenon structure 12, so as to realize the welding and fixing of the radial support sections 4 and the circumferential expansion sections 5.
Of course, in this embodiment, the manner of splicing and pre-fixing the adjacent circumferential expansion sections 5 is not specifically limited, and in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 9, the circumferential expansion sections 5 are spliced and pre-fixed and connected by a flat splicing structure 13, so as to realize welding and fixing of the circumferential expansion sections 5.
Of course, the fixing manner of the adjacent radial support sections 4 and the circumferential expansion sections 5 is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 10, the adjacent radial support sections 4 and the circumferential expansion sections 5 are spliced and pre-fixedly connected by a lamination stack structure 14, so as to achieve welding and fixing of the radial support sections 4 and the circumferential expansion sections 5.
Of course, the fixing manner of the adjacent radial support section 4 and the circumferential expansion section 5 is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 11, the adjacent radial support section 4 and the adjacent circumferential expansion section 5 are spliced and pre-fixedly connected by a toothed splicing structure 15, so as to realize the welding and fixing of the radial support section 4 and the circumferential expansion section 5.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a crimping tool for a metallic stent, as shown in fig. 13, comprising:
the upper die 16 is a columnar rod structure with a semicircular cross section; the upper die 16 is made of stainless steel;
the lower die 17 is a columnar rod structure with a semicircular cross section; the shape of the lower die 17 is matched with that of the upper die 16; the upper die 16 is made of stainless steel; the lower die 17 is also provided with a welding hollow hole 19; the welding hollow hole 19 penetrates through the lower die 17 and is disposed towards the connection end of the hollow planar plate 18.
In the use process of the press-holding forming device, the hollowed-out planar plate 18 which completes the cutting work of the support is wrapped on the lower die 17, and the upper die 16 and the lower die 17 are driven to be clamped, so that the welding plane of the hollowed-out planar plate 18 is flattened.
Of course, the specific structure of the press-holding molding tool is not particularly limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 12, the welding hollow hole 19 is not provided on the lower die 17 of the press-holding molding tool.
Of course, in this embodiment, the materials of the upper die 16 and the lower die 17 of the press-holding forming tool are not particularly limited, and in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 12, the material of the upper die 16 may be tungsten steel, brass, beryllium bronze, beryllium copper, rubber or resin; the lower die 17 may be made of tungsten steel, brass, beryllium bronze, beryllium copper, rubber or resin.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 14, the present embodiment provides a stent protecting sleeve for a metal vascular stent, wherein a stent protecting sleeve 20 is sleeved on the metal vascular stent 3, and is used for positioning and protecting the metal vascular stent 3 during the galvanization process of the metal vascular stent 3; the support protection sleeve 20 is a hollow sleeve, and a through hole 21 for a medium to pass through the support protection sleeve 20 is formed in the support protection sleeve 20.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a production method of a metal vascular stent, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, cutting a bracket: cutting the planar plate by adopting a planar cutting mode to form a planar unfolded bracket shape; the plane plate is made of a bioabsorbable material; in the step S1, the stent is cut by laser, and the laser type is femtosecond laser;
Step S2, forming a bracket: performing crimping forming operation on the planar plate after finishing the bracket cutting operation;
step S3, welding a bracket: welding and connecting the plane plates curled into a cylindrical structure; the connecting end face at the boundary of the planar plate is welded with the area where the section is located; before the welding work, the connecting ends of the planar plates of the metal vascular stent 3 are clamped and connected in advance through an assembling structure; the assembly structure is a mortise-tenon connection structure, a face-to-face splicing structure and the like; in step S3 of the present embodiment, the bracket welding is laser welding, and the laser type is femto-second laser; the welding technology realizes high-quality connection of complex structural members, and reduces the porosity of welding seams; in this step, the connection portion for connecting the metal stent 3 is: the degradation speed is greater than that of the metal or nonmetal material of the plane plate; the connecting part is used for welding and connecting the planar plates and curling the planar plates into a cylindrical structure.
Step S4, polishing the stent to form the metallic vascular stent 3. A membranous protective layer is also arranged in the welding point area of the metal vascular stent 3; the membranous protective layer is made of a metal material with metal mobility larger than that of the metal vascular stent 3. In this embodiment, when the planar plate is an Fe plate or an alloy plate containing an Fe material, the material of the film-like protective layer is Zn or Mg. In addition, in this step, when the planar plate is a degradable metal, the method further comprises the step of performing hole forming treatment on the surface of the metal vascular stent 3 so as to smooth degradation and corrosion. In addition, the embodiment also comprises the step of galvanization treatment on the welding area of the metal vascular stent 3. In addition, in step S4, further including: spraying the metal vascular stent 3 with a medicine; the components of the medicament sprayed by the metal vascular stent 3 are as follows: rapamycin or paclitaxel; and, step S4 further includes: and (3) carrying out galvanization treatment on the welding area of the metal vascular stent 3.
In this embodiment, the planar plate is an Fe plate or an alloy plate containing an Fe material; the Fe plate or the alloy plate containing the Fe material can be gradually degraded after being implanted into a blood vessel and fully endothelialized, so that the restenosis probability is reduced and the elasticity of the blood vessel is restored. Further, when the flat plate is an Fe plate or an alloy plate containing an Fe material, the flat plate is cold-rolled. The processing temperature is below the recrystallization temperature, and the crystal grains are elongated along the rolling direction to form deformed textures, so that the processing hardening is generated. Has higher tensile and yield strength compared with the drawn pipe with the same unit volume. Namely, compared with the vascular stent cut by the same-strength pipe, the metal vascular stent 3 has more excellent industrial molding rate and friendly unit consumption value, so that the metal vascular stent has better radial support force and thinner wall thickness after being manufactured.
In this embodiment, in step S3, the welding position of the planar sheet is a non-stress concentration area and a non-strain concentration area; the maximum stress applied to the welding position of the planar plate meets the following conditions: less than 60% of the peak stress to which the metallic stent 3 is subjected as a whole; the maximum strain of the welding position of the planar plate meets the following conditions: less than 60% of the peak strain experienced by the metallic stent 3 as a whole.
Of course, the type of laser cutting in the step S1 is not particularly limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, in the step S1, the stent is cut by laser, and the type of laser may be picoseconds or fiber laser; the wavelength range of the laser is between 780nm-1500nm near infrared.
Of course, in this embodiment, whether the metal vascular stent 3 is assembled and connected before the welding operation is not limited specifically, and in other embodiments, the planar plate connecting end of the metal vascular stent 3 is directly welded and connected without being assembled and fixed in advance.
Of course, the welding manner of the bracket in the step S3 is not particularly limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, in the step S3 of this embodiment, the welding of the bracket is laser welding, and the laser type may be picoseconds or fiber laser; the wavelength interval of the laser is between 780nm and 1500nm in the near infrared region; the welding technology realizes high-quality connection of complex structural members, and reduces the porosity of welding seams.
Or the bracket is welded by fusion welding or pressure welding; when the bracket is welded by fusion welding, the adopted welding process is arc welding, electron beam welding or laser welding; when the bracket is welded by pressure welding, the welding process adopted is resistance welding or friction welding.
Of course, the specific material of the planar plate is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, the planar plate may be a Ti plate or an alloy plate containing a Ti material; alternatively, the planar sheet is a Mg plate or an alloy sheet containing Mg material.
Of course, the specific material of the film-shaped protective layer is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, the film-shaped protective layer may be a polymer degradable material, and the film-shaped protective layer may be PLLA, PDLA or PLGA.
Of course, in this embodiment, whether or not the surface of the metal stent 3 is subjected to the hole forming treatment is not particularly limited, and in other embodiments, the surface of the metal stent 3 is not subjected to the hole forming treatment.
Of course, the concrete structure of the mortise and tenon joint structure is not limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, the mortise and tenon joint structure may be a notch tenon, a tongue-and-tenon, or a dovetail tenon.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (22)
1. A metallic vascular stent, characterized in that the metallic vascular stent (3) is a bioabsorbable material; in the production process of the metal vascular stent (3): cutting the planar plate by adopting a planar cutting mode to form a planar unfolded bracket shape; the planar plate is subjected to a bracket forming process to form the metal vascular bracket (3);
the metallic stent (3) comprises: a strip-shaped connecting part (1) and a bending fault-tolerant section (2);
the strip-shaped connecting parts (1) are multiple and extend along the circumferential direction of the metal vascular stent (3); the strip-shaped connecting parts (1) are connected through the bending fault-tolerant section (2) to form the metal vascular stent (3).
2. A metallic vascular stent according to claim 1, wherein the strip-shaped connection (1) comprises:
the radial support sections (4), the radial support sections (4) are W-shaped wave structures which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip-shaped connecting part (1);
the circumferential expansion sections (5), and the circumferential expansion sections (5) are of U-shaped wave structures which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the strip-shaped connecting part (1); the circumferential unfolding sections (5) and the radial supporting sections (4) are sequentially connected in a staggered manner;
The axial bending-resistant section (6), the axial bending-resistant section (6) is a T-shaped connecting rod arranged in the radial direction of the strip-shaped connecting part (1).
3. The metallic stent of claim 2, wherein the bent fault-tolerant section (2) is of a C-wave structure, and two ends of the bent fault-tolerant section (2) are respectively connected with the axial bending-resistant section (6) and the circumferential expansion section (5).
4. A metallic stent according to claim 3, characterized in that the radial support section (4), the circumferential development section (5), the axial bending resistance section (6) and the bending tolerance section (2) all enclose a closed unit (7).
5. The metallic stent according to claim 2, wherein adjacent radial support sections (4) and circumferential expansion sections (5) are spliced and pre-fixedly connected by mortise and tenon structures (8) to realize the welded fixation of the radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adjacent radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5) are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a plane dislocation splicing structure (9) so as to realize the welding and fixing of the radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The adjacent radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5) are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a first planar graph splicing structure (10) so as to realize the welding and fixing of the radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adjacent radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5) are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a second planar graph splicing structure (11) so as to realize the welding and fixing of the radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adjacent radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5) are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a plane mortise-tenon structure (12) so as to realize the welding and fixing of the radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the circumferential expansion sections (5) are spliced and pre-fixedly connected through a flat splicing structure (13) so as to realize the welding and fixing of the circumferential expansion sections (5); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the adjacent radial support sections (4) and the adjacent circumferential expansion sections (5) are spliced, pre-fixed and connected through a lamination superposition structure (14) so as to realize the welding fixation of the radial support sections (4) and the circumferential expansion sections (5); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
Adjacent radial support section (4) with circumference expansion section (5) are through tooth mosaic structure (15) concatenation prefixed link to each other to realize radial support section (4) with circumference expansion section (5) welded fastening.
6. A method of producing a metallic vascular stent as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step S1, cutting a bracket: cutting the planar plate by adopting a planar cutting mode to form a planar unfolded bracket shape; the plane plate is made of a bioabsorbable material;
step S2, forming a bracket: performing crimping forming operation on the planar plate after finishing the bracket cutting operation;
step S3, welding a bracket: welding and connecting the plane plates curled into a cylindrical structure;
step S4, polishing the stent to form the metal vascular stent (3).
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step S1, the stent is cut by laser cutting, and the laser type includes: femtosecond laser, picosecond or fiber laser; the wavelength range of the laser is between 780 nm-1500 nm near infrared.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step S3, the areas where the connecting end surfaces and/or the cross sections are located at the boundaries of the planar sheet material are welded together;
before welding work, the connecting ends of the planar plates of the metal vascular stent (3) are clamped and connected in advance through an assembling structure;
the assembly structure comprises: mortise and tenon joint structure, face and face mosaic structure.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein in step S3, the stent welding is laser welding, and the laser type includes: femtosecond laser, picosecond or fiber laser; the wavelength interval of the laser is between 780nm and 1100nm in the near infrared region and the short wave region; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the bracket welding is fusion welding or pressure welding;
when the bracket is welded by fusion welding, the adopted welding process is arc welding, electron beam welding or laser welding;
when the bracket is welded by pressure welding, the welding process adopted is resistance welding or friction welding.
10. The method for producing a metallic stent as defined in claim 6, wherein,
the planar plate is a Ti plate or an alloy plate containing Ti materials; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The plane plate is an Fe plate or an alloy plate containing Fe materials; the Fe plate or the alloy plate containing the Fe material can be gradually degraded after being implanted into a blood vessel and fully endothelialized, so that the restenosis probability is reduced and the elasticity of the blood vessel is restored; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the planar plate is an Mg plate or an alloy plate containing Mg materials.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein when the planar sheet is an Fe sheet or an alloy sheet containing an Fe material, the planar sheet is cold-rolled.
12. The method of producing a metallic stent as recited in claim 10, further comprising, in step S4: a membranous protective layer is also arranged in the welding point area of the metal vascular stent (3);
the membranous protective layer is made of a metal material with metal mobility larger than that of the metal vascular stent (3).
13. The method for producing a metallic stent as recited in claim 12, wherein when the planar plate material is an Fe plate or an alloy plate material containing an Fe material, the material of the film-like protective layer is Zn or Mg; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the membranous protective layer is made of polymer degradable materials, and is PLLA, PDLA or PLGA.
14. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step S4, when the planar sheet is a degradable metal, further comprising performing a hole forming treatment on the surface of the metal stent (3) to smooth the degradation corrosion.
15. The method of producing a metallic stent as defined in claim 6, wherein in step S3, when the planar sheet material is a degradable metal, the connection portion for connecting the metallic stent (3) is: the degradation speed is greater than that of the metal or nonmetal material of the plane plate; the connecting part is used for welding and connecting the planar plates and curling the planar plates into a cylindrical structure.
16. The method of claim 6, wherein in step S3, the welding position of the planar sheet is a non-stress concentration region and a non-strain concentration region;
the maximum stress applied to the welding position of the planar plate meets the following conditions: less than 60% of the peak stress of the whole metal vascular stent (3);
the maximum strain of the welding position of the planar plate meets the following conditions: less than 60% of the peak strain experienced by the metallic stent (3) as a whole.
17. The method for producing a metallic stent as defined in claim 8, wherein the connection mode of the mortise and tenon connection structure is surface-to-surface connection, and the mortise and tenon connection structure comprises: notch tenons, tongue-and-groove tenons and dovetails.
18. The method of producing a metallic stent as recited in claim 6, further comprising, in step S4: spraying the metal vascular stent (3) with a medicine; the components of the medicament sprayed by the metal vascular stent (3) are as follows: rapamycin or paclitaxel; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in step S4, further comprising: and (3) galvanization treatment is carried out on the welding area of the metal vascular stent (3).
19. A crimping tool for a metallic stent, comprising:
the upper die (16) is of a columnar rod structure with a semicircular cross section;
the lower die (17) is of a columnar rod structure with a semicircular cross section; the shape of the lower die (17) is matched with that of the upper die (16);
in the using process of the press-holding forming device, the hollowed-out plane plate (18) for completing the cutting work of the support is wrapped on the lower die (17), and the upper die (16) and the lower die (17) are driven to be clamped, so that the welding plane of the hollowed-out plane plate (18) is flattened.
20. The press-holding molding tool for the metal vascular stent according to claim 19, wherein the lower die (17) is further provided with a welding hollow hole (19); the welding hollowed-out holes (19) penetrate through the lower die (17) and are arranged towards the connecting end of the hollowed-out planar plate (18).
21. The crimping tool for a metal stent of claim 20, wherein the upper die (16) is made of stainless steel, tungsten steel, brass, beryllium bronze, beryllium copper, rubber, or resin; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the lower die (17) is made of stainless steel, tungsten steel, brass, beryllium bronze, beryllium copper, rubber or resin.
22. A stent protecting sleeve for a metal vascular stent, characterized in that the stent protecting sleeve (20) is sleeved on the metal vascular stent (3) and is used for positioning and protecting the metal vascular stent (3) in the galvanization process of the metal vascular stent (3);
the support protection sleeve (20) is a hollow sleeve, and a through hole (21) for a medium to pass through the support protection sleeve (20) is formed in the support protection sleeve (20).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311188124.2A CN116919685B (en) | 2023-09-14 | 2023-09-14 | Metal vascular stent, stent production method, press-holding forming device and protective sleeve |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN116919685B (en) | 2023-12-15 |
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