CN116919587A - Method for constructing femoral head model with cavity structure matched with necrotic focus - Google Patents
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- CN116919587A CN116919587A CN202310815473.6A CN202310815473A CN116919587A CN 116919587 A CN116919587 A CN 116919587A CN 202310815473 A CN202310815473 A CN 202310815473A CN 116919587 A CN116919587 A CN 116919587A
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- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 210000004394 hip joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 claims description 75
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000588 acetabulum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 208000019155 Radiation injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000002082 fibula Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003692 ilium Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011541 total hip replacement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010061818 Disease progression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005750 disease progression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000013435 necrotic lesion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computerised tomographs
- A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/50—Clinical applications
- A61B6/505—Clinical applications involving diagnosis of bone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
- A61B2034/101—Computer-aided simulation of surgical operations
- A61B2034/105—Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
- A61B2034/108—Computer aided selection or customisation of medical implants or cutting guides
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a femoral head model with a cavity structure matched with a necrotic focus, which comprises the steps of processing acquired hip joint image data by utilizing three-dimensional reconstruction software, separating a simulated three-dimensional model of a femoral head from a simulated three-dimensional model of a necrotic focus target area pair to obtain an independent three-dimensional model of the femoral head with the cavity structure and the necrotic focus target area matched with the femoral head without the necrotic focus target area, and importing the data of the three-dimensional model into a 3D printer to obtain a solid three-dimensional model of the femoral head with the cavity structure and the necrotic focus target area matched with the femoral head.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hip joint repair, in particular to a method for constructing a femoral head model with a cavity structure matched with a necrotic focus.
Background
Femoral head necrosis is one of the diseases which are not solved so far in the orthopedics field, and is an orthopedics disease which is common in clinic and has high disability rate. Total hip replacement remains the most reliable and accepted treatment for advanced femoral head necrosis, but for pre-collapse and young patients, proper hip protection surgery treatment prior to femoral head collapse is important in terms of mobility requirements, prosthesis life, complications, and revision surgery difficulties, to delay disease progression and thereby delay or even avoid total hip replacement.
In the implementation process of the traditional femoral head necrosis hip-protecting operation, an operator mainly knows corresponding information according to imaging examination data of a patient, then constructs a three-dimensional impression in the brain according to experience of the operator, and the removal of the femoral head necrosis focus in the operation mainly depends on experience of a doctor, has strong subjectivity and has the risks of inaccurate focus positioning, incomplete removal or excessive removal of normal bone tissues, penetration of cartilage surfaces of the femoral head and the like. Most scholars tend to consider whether the removal of the femoral head necrosis focus is thoroughly one of the key factors affecting the curative effect of the operation, and whether the femoral head necrosis focus can be thoroughly removed is related to whether the necrosis focus can be accurately positioned and visualized.
In summary, at present, few methods in clinic can observe necrotic femoral head and femoral head necrosis focus in three-dimensional visualization, and a necrotic femoral head three-dimensional model which is customized according to personalized 3D printing and has a cavity structure matched with a target area of the necrotic focus is not used for assisting in accurate hip protection and treatment of femoral head necrosis, and a corresponding three-dimensional model construction method is also not used.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a femoral head model construction method with reasonable structural design and matching of a cavity structure and a necrotic focus.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: a method for constructing a femoral head model with a cavity structure matched with a necrosis focus comprises the steps of processing acquired hip joint image data by utilizing three-dimensional reconstruction software to obtain a femoral head three-dimensional model with a cavity structure and a necrosis focus target area matched with the femoral head three-dimensional model, and importing data of the three-dimensional model into a 3D printer to obtain a solid three-dimensional model with the cavity structure and the necrosis focus target area matched with the femoral head three-dimensional model.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring hip joint image data by performing thin-layer scanning on a hip joint by using CT;
s2, reconstructing the obtained hip joint image data by utilizing three-dimensional reconstruction software, removing the hip joint, and reserving the femoral head to obtain a three-dimensional model of the femoral head;
s3, determining a necrosis focus target area for the three-dimensional model of the femoral head on reconstruction software;
s4, reconstructing a three-dimensional model of the femoral head necrosis focus to obtain a three-dimensional model of the femoral head with a necrosis focus area;
s5, reconstructing on a femoral head three-dimensional model with a necrosis focus area, and obtaining a femoral head three-dimensional model with a cavity structure and a necrosis focus target area matched with the femoral head three-dimensional model with the necrosis focus target area;
s6, the obtained necrosis femoral head three-dimensional model with the cavity structure matched with the necrosis focus target area is guided into a 3D printer to be subjected to 3D printing to form a solid model.
Further: s2, importing hip joint image data into the Mimics software in a Dicom format, obtaining a mask in the Mimics software by utilizing threshold segmentation and region growing, separating acetabulum and femoral head layer by utilizing an editing mask tool, erasing the hip joint, reserving the femoral head, extracting the femur by utilizing region growing, storing the femur as a new femur mask, completing separation of the acetabular side by utilizing a Boolean operation function, and completing three-dimensional model reconstruction of the femoral head by utilizing mask fairing and calculating a 3D model.
Further: and S3, designing a necrosis focus target area part by utilizing a Mimics software MedCAD module, respectively adjusting the position of the target area in sagittal, coronal and axial views, and determining the necrosis focus target area.
Further: in S4, using threshold segmentation and region growing in the Mimics software to obtain a mask, reserving a necrotic focus, removing bones near the necrotic focus, storing the necrotic focus mask, and completing the reconstruction of the necrotic focus three-dimensional model by calculating a 3D model to obtain the femoral head three-dimensional model with a necrotic focus region.
Further: in s5, using boolean operation function in the mic software to perform boolean operation on the necrotic femoral head and the necrotic focus to obtain a cavity necrotic femoral head three-dimensional model with the necrotic focus removed, namely obtaining a three-dimensional model with a cavity structure femoral head three-dimensional model with a necrosis focus target area removed and a necrosis focus target area matched with the cavity structure femoral head three-dimensional model, and converting the modeled necrosis femoral head structure model with the cavity and the three-dimensional model with the necrosis focus target area into stl formats for storage.
Further: in s6, the virtual three-dimensional model data in the STL format obtained in s5 is imported into the SPS350B solid laser rapid prototyping machine, and the solid three-dimensional model is fabricated by using the photo-curing prototyping technology SLA with the photosensitive resin 14120 as the material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the three-dimensional model of the femoral head with the cavity structure matched with the necrosis focus can be accurately positioned through preoperative planning and customization, the target area of the femoral head necrosis focus is observed in a three-dimensional manner before operation, the preoperative simulation operation is performed, the accurate positioning of the target area of the femoral head necrosis is guided in operation, the accurate removal of necrotic tissues is guided, the implantation of autologous fresh cancellous bone and free non-vascularized autologous fibula or autologous ilium blocks with cortex is guided, the radiation injury and the trauma to a patient can be effectively reduced, and the accurate hip protection treatment of early-middle-stage femoral head necrosis is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a model of a cavity necrotic femoral head structure and a focus of femoral head necrosis according to the present invention
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and not limited to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the method for constructing a femoral head model with a cavity structure matching with a necrotic lesion according to the present embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1, acquiring and processing necrotic femoral head image data:
carrying out thin-layer scanning on the hip joint by adopting a 64-row spiral CT thin-layer protocol to obtain original Dicom-format CT image data with the thickness of 1.00mm, and importing the CT image data into Mimics19.0 software;
step 2, reconstructing a necrotic femoral head three-dimensional model:
obtaining a Mask (Mask) by using threshold segmentation (threshold) and region growing (region growing) in the Mimics19.0 software, carefully separating the acetabulum from the femoral head layer by using an editing Mask tool (Editingmasks), erasing the hip joint, reserving the femoral head, extracting the femur by using the region growing, saving the femur as a new femur Mask, completing the separation of the acetabular side by using a Boolean operation (Boolean operation) function, and completing the reconstruction of a necrotic femoral head three-dimensional model by using Mask fairing (Smoothmask) and calculating a 3D model (calculation 3D);
step 3, positioning a target area on the necrotic femoral head three-dimensional model:
designing a necrosis focus target area part by utilizing a MIMICs19.0 software MedCAD module, respectively adjusting the position of the target area in sagittal, coronal and axial views, and determining the necrosis focus target area;
step 4, reconstructing a three-dimensional model of the femoral head necrosis focus:
obtaining Mask (Mask) by utilizing threshold segmentation (threshold) and region growing (region growing) in Mimics19.0 software, reserving necrotic focus, removing bones near the necrotic focus, storing as necrotic focus Mask, and completing necrotic focus three-dimensional model reconstruction by calculating a 3D model (calculation 3D);
step 5, reconstructing a necrosis femoral head three-dimensional model with a cavity structure matched with a necrosis focus target area:
performing Boolean operation on the necrotic femoral head and the necrotic focus by using Boolean operation (Boolean operation) function in Mimic19.0 software to obtain a cavity necrotic femoral head three-dimensional model for removing the necrotic focus;
after the target region of the femoral head necrosis focus is accurately positioned by the necrosis femoral head three-dimensional model, converting the cavity necrosis femoral head structural model 101 and the femoral head necrosis focus 102 which are subjected to modeling into stl format for storage;
step 6, 3D printing and manufacturing of the three-dimensional model
The data of the STL-format virtual three-dimensional model is imported into an SPS350B solid laser rapid prototyping machine, photosensitive resin 14120 is used as a material, and a light curing prototyping technology SLA is adopted to manufacture a physical three-dimensional model.
In the step 4, STL data is imported into Geomagnetistry studio12.0 software, and the positioning template after shell extraction is accurately registered with a navigation tube, and a virtual navigation template in STL format is digitally generated.
Wherein the parameters of the solid laser rapid prototyping machine in the step 5 are set as follows: and (3) processing a layer thickness: 0.1mm; machining precision: 0.1mm; laser scanning speed: 20mm/s; power: 3kw; the formed necrosis femoral head three-dimensional model with the cavity structure matched with the necrosis focus target area needs to remove the residual support of the template and carry out light curing treatment.
The embodiment provides an implementation case, the obtained cavity necrosis femoral head solid model is cut along the axis, the femoral head necrosis focus solid is put into the cavity of the cavity necrosis femoral head solid model and is bonded by adopting an adhesive, the cut cavity necrosis femoral head solid model is bonded by adopting the adhesive, simulation analysis is carried out according to the obtained computer three-dimensional model, equipment which is required to be adopted for removing the femoral head necrosis focus, the using sequence of the equipment and the drilling direction of the equipment are obtained, the obtained solid model is adopted for carrying out actual implementation, after the implementation is completed, the cavity necrosis femoral head solid model is cut according to a cutting path, the femoral head necrosis focus removing effect is checked, if the effect is better, the method is applied to practical operation, if the effect is not good, the reason is checked, the operation mode is optimized or the proper equipment is replaced.
The solid three-dimensional model with the cavity structure for removing the necrosis focus target area and the necrosis focus target area matched with the solid three-dimensional model and the navigation template model matched with the solid three-dimensional model can be used for carrying out preoperative simulation operation, planning and customizing before operation can accurately position the necrosis target area of the femoral head, guiding and accurately removing necrotic tissues in operation, guiding and implanting autologous fresh cancellous bone and free non-vascularized autologous fibula or autologous ilium blocks with cortex, effectively reducing radiation injury and trauma to patients, being convenient for accurately protecting hip for treating early and middle necrosis, and having important application prospects for protecting hip for treating the necrosis of the femoral head to assist preoperative positioning, preoperative simulation operation and guiding and removing focus in operation.
The three-dimensional model of the femoral head with the cavity structure matched with the necrosis focus can be accurately positioned through preoperative planning and customization, the target area of the femoral head necrosis focus is observed in a three-dimensional manner before operation, the preoperative simulation operation is performed, the accurate positioning of the target area of the femoral head necrosis is guided in operation, the accurate removal of necrotic tissues is guided, the implantation of autologous fresh cancellous bone and free non-vascularized autologous fibula or autologous ilium blocks with cortex is guided, the radiation injury and the trauma to a patient can be effectively reduced, and the accurate hip protection treatment of early-middle-stage femoral head necrosis is facilitated.
The foregoing description of the invention is merely exemplary of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for constructing a femoral head model with a cavity structure matched with a necrotic focus is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of processing acquired hip joint image data by utilizing three-dimensional reconstruction software, separating a simulated three-dimensional model of a femoral head from a simulated three-dimensional model of a necrosis focus target area pair to obtain an independent three-dimensional model of the femoral head with a cavity structure and a necrosis focus target area matched with the femoral head three-dimensional model, and importing the data of the three-dimensional model into a 3D printer to obtain a solid three-dimensional model of the femoral head with the cavity structure and the necrosis focus target area matched with the femoral head three-dimensional model.
2. The method for constructing the femoral head model with the cavity structure matched with the necrotic focus according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, performing thin-layer scanning on a hip joint by using CT to obtain hip joint image data;
s2, reconstructing the obtained hip joint image data by utilizing three-dimensional reconstruction software, removing the hip joint, and reserving the femoral head to obtain a three-dimensional model of the femoral head;
s3, determining a necrosis focus target area for the three-dimensional model of the femoral head on reconstruction software;
s4, reconstructing a three-dimensional model of the femoral head necrosis focus to obtain a three-dimensional model of the femoral head with a necrosis focus area;
s5, reconstructing on a femoral head three-dimensional model with a necrosis focus area, and obtaining a femoral head three-dimensional model with a cavity structure and a necrosis focus target area matched with the femoral head three-dimensional model with the necrosis focus target area;
s6, the obtained necrosis femoral head three-dimensional model with the cavity structure matched with the necrosis focus target area is guided into a 3D printer to be subjected to 3D printing to form a solid model.
3. The method for constructing the femoral head model with the cavity structure matched with the necrotic focus according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: s2, importing hip joint image data into the Mimics software in a Dicom format, obtaining a mask in the Mimics software by utilizing threshold segmentation and region growing, separating acetabulum and femoral head layer by utilizing an editing mask tool, erasing the hip joint, reserving the femoral head, extracting the femur by utilizing region growing, storing the femur as a new femur mask, completing separation of the acetabular side by utilizing a Boolean operation function, and completing three-dimensional model reconstruction of the femoral head by utilizing mask fairing and calculating a 3D model.
4. The method for constructing the femoral head model with the cavity structure matched with the necrotic focus according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: and S3, designing a necrosis focus target area part by utilizing a Mimics software MedCAD module, respectively adjusting the position of the target area in sagittal, coronal and axial views, and determining the necrosis focus target area.
5. The method for constructing the femoral head model with the cavity structure matched with the necrotic focus according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in S4, using threshold segmentation and region growing in the Mimics software to obtain a mask, reserving a necrotic focus, removing bones near the necrotic focus, storing the necrotic focus mask, and completing the reconstruction of the necrotic focus three-dimensional model by calculating a 3D model to obtain the femoral head three-dimensional model with a necrotic focus region.
6. The method for constructing the femoral head model with the cavity structure matched with the necrotic focus according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in s5, using boolean operation function in the mic software to perform boolean operation on the necrotic femoral head and the necrotic focus to obtain a cavity necrotic femoral head three-dimensional model with the necrotic focus removed, namely obtaining a three-dimensional model with a cavity structure femoral head three-dimensional model with a necrosis focus target area removed and a necrosis focus target area matched with the cavity structure femoral head three-dimensional model, and converting the modeled necrosis femoral head structure model with the cavity and the three-dimensional model with the necrosis focus target area into stl formats for storage.
7. The method for constructing the femoral head model with the cavity structure matched with the necrotic focus according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in s6, the virtual three-dimensional model data in the STL format obtained in s5 is imported into the SPS350B solid laser rapid prototyping machine, and the solid three-dimensional model is fabricated by using the photo-curing prototyping technology SLA with the photosensitive resin 14120 as the material.
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| CN202310815473.6A CN116919587A (en) | 2023-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Method for constructing femoral head model with cavity structure matched with necrotic focus |
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| CN202310815473.6A CN116919587A (en) | 2023-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Method for constructing femoral head model with cavity structure matched with necrotic focus |
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