CN116908055A - Method and device for measuring particle size of particles in pipe and computer equipment - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring particle size of particles in pipe and computer equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of particle phase particle size measurement in particle two-phase flow, in particular to a method for measuring particle size in a pipe, which comprises the steps of acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal in a first direction, a second direction and a third direction after the particles to be measured are scattered; according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity through the Faran acoustic scattering theory; obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity; and obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient. According to the application, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers with different angle settings are adopted to receive the scattered signals scattered by the detected particles, so that the technical problems that a single transducer is weak in received signals and less in effective information acquisition are effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of particle size measurement of particle phases in particle two-phase flow, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the particle size of particles in a pipe and computer equipment.
Background
The measurement of particle size in particle two-phase flow has very important scientific significance in the fields of energy utilization, material preparation, chemical process, medicine and food safety production and the like. Currently, particle size measurement methods in particle two-phase flow mainly include an optical method, a capacitance tomography method, an electrostatic method, an image method and the like. However, these methods have certain limitations in practical applications in industrial sites. For example, optical instruments are expensive, and their large-scale application is hindered by the fragile nature of complex industrial sites; the application of electrical methods is also limited because the materials they measure must have specific electrical properties.
In recent years, ultrasonic methods are increasingly receiving attention due to their characteristics of good directivity, strong propagation capability in a medium, wide frequency range, non-contact on-line measurement, and the like. However, in some specific occasions, the particle size measurement based on the ultrasonic transmission attenuation method cannot meet the arrangement of a pair of ultrasonic transducers, and when the concentration is high or the propagation distance is long, the ultrasonic transducers receive weak signals and have low signal to noise ratio, so that ultrasonic transmission signals for calculating the particle size of particles in a particle two-phase flow are difficult to obtain. In addition, the back scattering of particles is uniform and dominant under high concentration, and the scattering sound pressure with different particle diameters is sensitive to the change of the receiving angle of the transducer.
How to solve the technical problems of weak receiving signals and less effective information acquisition of the transducer is a technical problem to be solved by a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method for measuring the particle diameter of particles in a tube, a transducer and a computer device, in view of the above-mentioned technical problems.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method of measuring particle size of particles in a pipe, comprising:
acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered;
according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity through the Faran acoustic scattering theory;
obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity;
and obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient.
In one embodiment, acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal in a first direction, a second direction and a third direction after scattering of the measured particles includes:
the first direction is 90 degrees lateral to the measured particles;
the second direction is any angle within 120-150 degrees of the backward direction of the measured particles;
the third direction is 180 degrees rearward of the measured particle.
In one embodiment, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity, and the third scattering signal intensity according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal, and the third ultrasonic scattering signal by the Faran acoustic scattering theory includes:
solid particle scattering sound pressure calculation formula:
wherein j is l And n l Bessel functions, k, of the first and second class, respectively i For incident wave number, r is the distance between receiving points, P l Is a legendre polynomial of the kind,A n is the scattering coefficient.
In one embodiment, obtaining the scattering coefficient from a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity includes:
γ＝α 1 *α 2
wherein gamma is the scattering coefficient, alpha 1 At a first ratio, alpha 2 Is a second ratio.
In one embodiment, obtaining the particle size of the measured particles based on the scattering coefficient includes:
γ＝hR 2 +gR+k
wherein gamma is a scattering coefficient, R is a particle size, and h, g and k are constants.
In one embodiment, before acquiring the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered, the method further includes:
the trigger pulse is power amplified by a pre-amplifier.
In one embodiment, the first ultrasonic scattering signal is collected by a first transducer, the second ultrasonic scattering signal is collected by a second transducer, and the third ultrasonic scattering signal is a transceiver-integrated ultrasonic focusing transducer.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides an apparatus for measuring particle diameter of particles in a pipe, the apparatus comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal in a first direction, a second direction and a third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered;
the scattered signal intensity analysis unit is used for obtaining the first scattered signal intensity, the second scattered signal intensity and the third scattered signal intensity according to the first ultrasonic scattered signal, the second ultrasonic scattered signal and the third ultrasonic scattered signal through the Faran acoustic scattering theory;
the scattering coefficient analysis unit obtains a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity;
and the particle size analysis unit is used for obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient.
In a third aspect, the present application also provides a computer device. The computer device comprises a memory storing a computer program and a processor which when executing the computer program performs the steps of:
acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered;
according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity through the Faran acoustic scattering theory;
obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity;
and obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient.
In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of:
acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered;
according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity through the Faran acoustic scattering theory;
obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity;
and obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient.
According to the method for measuring the particle size of the particles in the pipe, the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be measured are scattered are obtained; according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity through the Faran acoustic scattering theory; obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity; and obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient. According to the application, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers with different angle settings are adopted to receive scattering signals scattered by the detected particles, the ratio of the scattering signal intensities of different angles is calculated, and the scattering coefficient of the detected two-phase system is solved according to the ratio. And the corresponding relation between the ultrasonic scattering coefficient and the particle size is established by combining the Monte Carlo model prediction result, so that the measurement of the particle size of the measured particles of the two-phase medium is obtained, the technical problems that a single transducer receives weak signals and has less effective information are effectively solved, and the accurate measurement of the particle size of the particles is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques of the present application, the drawings required for the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring particle size of particles in a pipe according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing scattering acoustic pressure distribution of glass bead particles of different particle sizes for one method of measuring particle size of particles in a pipe according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a different angle transducer mounting for one embodiment of a method of measuring particle size of particles within a pipe;
FIG. 4 is a graph of ultrasonic backscattering coefficient versus particle phase size for one embodiment of a method for measuring particle size of an internal particle;
fig. 5 is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the application may be readily understood, a more complete description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Embodiments of the application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all couplings of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood that the terms first, second, etc. as used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for measuring the particle size of particles in a circular tube by using a multi-angle focusing ultrasonic transducer, which aims at solving the problems of weak received signals and low signal to noise ratio when the ultrasonic transmission attenuation method is used for high concentration or long propagation distance. According to the method, an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving instrument excites a first ultrasonic transducer T/R to transmit sound waves and receive ultrasonic scattering signals, meanwhile, the first transducer R1 and a second transducer R2 also receive the scattering signals, the ratio of the scattering signal intensities of different angles is calculated, the scattering coefficient of a measured two-phase system is solved, the corresponding relation between the ultrasonic scattering coefficient and the particle size is established by combining with the Monte Carlo model prediction result, and finally measurement of the particle size of two-phase medium particles is achieved.
Embodiment 1,
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, there is provided a method of measuring the particle diameter of particles in a tube, comprising the steps of:
s101: and acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered.
Specifically, the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the tube is used for enhancing ultrasonic signals and defining a measuring area, the third transducer adopts an ultrasonic focusing transducer T/R integrating receiving and transmitting, the converged ultrasonic beam is incident to a two-phase system of the particles to be measured, and ultrasonic waves scattered by the particles to be measured can be received through the third transducer T/R, the first transducer R1 and the second transducer R2. Since the distribution characteristics of solid particles on the intensity of sound scattering are closely related to the particle size thereof, the intensity of sound scattering received at different angles is also different. The particle size measuring device for measuring the particles in the tube obtains a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal in a first direction, a second direction and a third direction after the particles to be measured are scattered. When the ultrasonic wave propagates in a liquid-solid two-phase system with determined concentration and particle size, the particle size can be determined by the intensity ratio of scattered signals of ultrasonic transducers with different angles.
Specifically, the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the pipe adopts a plurality of ultrasonic transducers with different angles to receive scattering signals of the particles to be measured, so that the defects of weak receiving signals and less effective information acquisition of a single transducer are overcome to a great extent, and the accurate measurement of the particle size of the particles is facilitated.
S102: and obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal by using the Faran acoustic scattering theory.
Specifically, the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the tube adopts a particle two-phase system, the particle size of the solid particles is represented by the sound scattering characteristics of the solid particles, and scattering sound pressure of different particle sizes is sensitive to the change of the receiving angle of the transducer. After the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered are acquired by the particle size device in the measuring tube, the scattering sound pressure of the solid particles, namely the scattering amplitude intensity in the random direction after the interaction of the ultrasonic waves and the particles, is calculated.
S103: and obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity.
Specifically, the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the tube defines that the ratio of the intensity of scattered signals received by the first transducer R1 to the intensity of scattered signals received by the third transducer T/R is alpha 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Defining the ratio of the intensity of the scattered signal received by the second transducer R2 and the third transducer T/R as alpha 2 Defining the scattering coefficient gamma as alpha 1 And alpha is 2 Is a product of (a) and (b). Next, the sound wave emitted by the ultrasonic transducer is scattered into independent and mutually noninterfere 'phonons' based on the Monte Carlo model, and the change rule of the scattering coefficient gamma and the particle size of the particles is discussed.
S104: and obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient.
Specifically, the particle diameter device for measuring the particle diameter of the particles in the pipe is used for counting the particle diameter R of the particles in the two-phase system min ～R max (R 1 ,R 2 ,…,R i ,R i+1 ,…R n ) Ultrasonic back-scattered phonon number N i (i=1, 2, …, N), according to N i The ratio of the total number of phonons Nz to the occurrence of alpha 1i 、α 2i Scattering coefficient gamma i Establishing a scattering coefficient gamma i And particle diameter R i Correspondence between them. Under the same ultrasonic frequency and concentration, the particle sizes of the particles are in one-to-one correspondence with the scattering coefficients, and the particle sizes of particle phases in the liquid-solid two-phase system can be represented according to the scattering coefficients gamma.
In this embodiment, there is provided a method of measuring an intra-particle diameter by acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal, and a third ultrasonic scattering signal in a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction after scattering of a measured particle; according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity through the Faran acoustic scattering theory; obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity; and obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient. According to the application, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers with different angle settings are adopted to receive scattering signals scattered by the detected particles, the ratio of the scattering signal intensities of different angles is calculated, and the scattering coefficient of the detected two-phase system is solved according to the ratio. And the corresponding relation between the ultrasonic scattering coefficient and the particle size is established by combining the Monte Carlo model prediction result, so that the measurement of the particle size of the measured particles of the two-phase medium is obtained, the technical problems that a single transducer receives weak signals and has less effective information are effectively solved, and the accurate measurement of the particle size of the particles is achieved.
Embodiment II,
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, step S101 is provided: acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal of a first direction, a second direction and a third direction after the scattering of the detected particles, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first direction is 90 degrees lateral to the measured particles; the second direction is any angle within 120-150 degrees of the backward direction of the measured particles; the third direction is 180 degrees rearward of the measured particle.
Specifically, the particle size measuring device for measuring the internal particle size is based on that the distribution characteristic of the solid particles to the sound scattering intensity is closely related to the particle size thereof, and the sound scattering intensity received at different angles is also different. The first direction is 90 degrees lateral to the measured particles; the second direction is any angle within 120-150 degrees of the backward direction of the measured particles; the third direction is 180 degrees rearward of the measured particle. In this embodiment, the device for measuring particle size of particles in the tube arranges the third transducer T/R at 180 degrees backward of the particles to be measured, the first transducer R1 is arranged at 90 degrees laterally of the particles to be measured, the second transducer R2 is arranged at 135 degrees backward of the particles to be measured, and when the ultrasonic wave propagates in a liquid-solid two-phase system with determined concentration and particle size, the particle size can be determined by the intensity ratio of scattered signals of the ultrasonic transducers with different angles.
In the embodiment, a device for measuring the particle size of particles in a pipe adopts a computer to control an ultrasonic transmitting board card to generate pulse signals, a trigger pulse is subjected to power amplification through a preamplifier to excite an ultrasonic third transducer T/R to transmit ultrasonic waves, the first transducer R1 and the second transducer R2 simultaneously receive scattering signals in the directions of the ultrasonic third transducer T/R, the ultrasonic scattering signals in the directions of the ultrasonic third transducer T/R and the second transducer R2 are obtained through an A/D acquisition card, and the particle sizes of the particles are determined based on the intensity ratios of the ultrasonic scattering signals at different angles. The ultrasonic transducers with different angles are adopted to receive the scattering signals, so that the defects of weak signal receiving and less effective information acquisition of a single transducer are effectively overcome, and the accurate measurement of the particle size of particles is facilitated.
Third embodiment,
In the present embodiment, step S102 is provided: obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal through the Faran acoustic scattering theory, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
solid particle scattering sound pressure calculation formula:
wherein j is l And n l Bessel functions, k, of the first and second class, respectively i For incident wave number, r is the distance between receiving points, P l Is a legendre polynomial of the kind,A n is the scattering coefficient.
Specifically, the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the tube is characterized in that the particle size of the particles is represented by the sound scattering characteristics of the solid particles in a particle two-phase system, and scattering sound pressure of different particle sizes is sensitive to the change of the receiving angle of the transducer. The scattering sound pressure of the solid particles, namely the scattering amplitude intensity in the random direction after the interaction of the ultrasonic wave and the particles, is calculated. And (3) giving a solid particle scattering sound pressure calculation formula according to the Faran sound scattering theory:
wherein j is l And n l The first and second sphere Bessel functions, k, respectively i For the wave number of the incident sound wave, r is the distance between receiving points, 100 times of the radius of the particles is taken, P l Is a legendre polynomial of the kind,A n is the scattering coefficient.
Specifically, in this example, taking a glass bead-water suspension as an example, the ultrasonic frequency f=50 MHz, the sound velocity c=1500 m/s in water, the particle radius r=20, 25, 30 μm, and the calculation results of the scattering sound pressure at different particle diameters are shown in fig. 2. The propagation direction of plane sound wave is defined as the forward direction, namely 0-90 degrees and 270-360 degrees in the figure, and the backward direction is defined as the backward direction. When the particle dimensionless size parameters kr=4.18, kr=5.23, and kr=6.28, the particle backscattering is relatively uniform and dominant.
In this embodiment, the scattered sound pressure of different particle sizes is sensitive to the change of the receiving angle, so that the particle size distribution of the particle phase can be characterized according to the received scattered signals of the ultrasonic transducers of different angles.
Fourth embodiment,
In the present embodiment, step S103 is provided: obtaining a scattering coefficient from a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity, comprising:
γ＝α 1 *α 2
wherein gamma is scatteringCoefficient alpha 1 At a first ratio, alpha 2 Is a second ratio.
Specifically, the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the tube defines that the ratio of the intensity of scattered signals received by the first transducer R1 to the intensity of scattered signals received by the third transducer T/R is a first ratio alpha 1 . Defining the ratio of the second transducer R2 and the third transducer T/R to receive scattered signal intensity as a second ratio alpha 2 Defining the scattering coefficient gamma as alpha 1 And alpha is 2 Is a product of (a) and (b).
Based on a Monte Carlo model, the change rule of the scattering coefficient and the particle size of the particles is discussed, and the following parameters are set in model analysis: 10w phonon number, glass bead-water-liquid-solid two-phase system, volume concentration 0.3, ultrasonic transducer frequency 50MHz and pipe diameter 0.02m. The change rule of the ultrasonic scattering coefficient gamma along with the particle size is analyzed based on an MCM model, and the result is shown in figure 4. The scattering coefficient gamma gradually increases along with the increase of the particle size, and the particle size corresponds to the scattering coefficient one by one under the same ultrasonic frequency and concentration, so that the particle size of a particle phase in a liquid-solid two-phase system can be represented according to the scattering coefficient gamma.
In the present embodiment, step S104 is also provided: obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient, comprising:
γ＝hR 2 +gR+k
wherein gamma is a scattering coefficient, R is a particle size, and h, g and k are constants.
Specifically, the particle diameter device for measuring the particle diameter of the particles in the pipe is used for counting the particle diameter R of the particles in the two-phase system min ～R max (R 1 ,R 2 ,…,R i ,R i+1 ,…R n ) Ultrasonic back-scattered phonon number N i (i=1, 2, …, N), according to N i The ratio of the total number of generated phonons Nz to the first ratio alpha 1i Second ratio alpha 2i Scattering coefficient gamma i Establishing a scattering coefficient gamma i And particle diameter R i Correspondence between them. The relation between the two is obtained by polynomial fitting and is gamma=hr 2 +gR+k. In this embodiment, the polynomial fit yields a relationship between the scattering coefficient and the particle size of γ= -0.000006R 2 +0.0015R-0.0192 at the same ultrasonic frequency and concentrationThe particle sizes are in one-to-one correspondence with the scattering coefficients, and the particle sizes of particle phases in the liquid-solid two-phase system can be represented according to the scattering coefficients gamma, so that the rapid measurement of the particle sizes of the high-concentration pipeline particle two-phase flow is realized.
In the embodiment, the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the pipe is in one-to-one correspondence with the scattering coefficient according to the same ultrasonic frequency and concentration, and can represent the particle size of the particle phase in the liquid-solid two-phase system according to the scattering coefficient gamma, so that the accurate measurement of the particle size of the particles in the high-concentration particle two-phase flow is realized.
Fifth embodiment (V),
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, step S101 is provided: before the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the scattering of the detected particles are obtained, the method further comprises: the trigger pulse is power amplified by a pre-amplifier.
Specifically, the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the tube adopts a computer to control an ultrasonic transmitting board card to generate pulse signals, a trigger pulse is amplified by a pre-amplifier to excite an ultrasonic third transducer T/R to transmit ultrasonic waves, the first transducer R1, the second transducer R2 and the third transducer T/R simultaneously receive scattering signals in the directions of the ultrasonic third transducer T/R, the ultrasonic scattering signals of the three transducers are obtained through an A/D acquisition card, and the particle size of the particles is determined based on the intensity ratio of ultrasonic scattering signals of different angles.
In the embodiment, the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the tube adopts the focusing acoustic lens at the front end of the transducer, so that the intensity of ultrasonic scattering signals can be effectively improved, the problem of weak receiving signals of the conventional transducer can be effectively solved, and the lower measurement limit of the particle size of the particles is widened to a certain extent. And focusing the third transducer T/R by adopting the ultrasonic wave with the integrated transmission/reception function, wherein the converged ultrasonic wave beam is incident to particles and generates single or multiple scattering ultrasonic waves, and the scattered ultrasonic waves are simultaneously received by the third transducer T/R, the first transducer R1 and the second transducer R2. And establishing a first ratio and a second ratio of the scattering intensity of the receiving signals of the ultrasonic transducers with different angles and an empirical relation between particle sizes, and realizing accurate measurement of particle sizes of particles in the high-concentration particle two-phase flow.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts related to the embodiments described above are sequentially shown as indicated by arrows, these steps are not necessarily sequentially performed in the order indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts described in the above embodiments may include a plurality of steps or a plurality of stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of the steps or stages is not necessarily performed sequentially, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least some of the other steps or stages.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the pipe, which is used for realizing the method for measuring the particle size of the particles in the pipe. The implementation of the solution provided by the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the tube is similar to that described in the above method, so the following specific limitation of one or more embodiments of the device for measuring the particle size of the particles in the tube may be referred to hereinabove, and the description thereof will be omitted.
In one embodiment, there is provided an apparatus for measuring particle size of particles in a pipe, comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal in a first direction, a second direction and a third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered;
the scattered signal intensity analysis unit is used for obtaining the first scattered signal intensity, the second scattered signal intensity and the third scattered signal intensity according to the first ultrasonic scattered signal, the second ultrasonic scattered signal and the third ultrasonic scattered signal through the Faran acoustic scattering theory;
the scattering coefficient analysis unit obtains a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity;
and the particle size analysis unit is used for obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient.
In one embodiment, acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal in a first direction, a second direction and a third direction after scattering of the measured particles includes:
the first transducer is arranged in a first direction, and the first direction is 90 degrees in the lateral direction of the measured particles;
the second transducer is arranged in a second direction, and the second direction is any angle within 120-150 degrees of the backward direction of the measured particles;
the third transducer is arranged in a third direction, and the third direction is 180 degrees backward of the measured particles.
In one embodiment, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity, and the third scattering signal intensity according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal, and the third ultrasonic scattering signal by the Faran acoustic scattering theory includes:
the scattered signal intensity analysis unit is used for calculating a solid particle scattered sound pressure calculation formula:
wherein j is l And n l Bessel functions, k, of the first and second class, respectively i For incident wave number, r is the distance between receiving points, P l Is a legendre polynomial of the kind,A n is the scattering coefficient.
In one embodiment, obtaining the scattering coefficient from a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity includes:
a scattering coefficient analysis unit for analyzing the scattering coefficient of the object,
γ＝α 1 *α 2
wherein gamma is the scattering coefficient, alpha 1 At a first ratio, alpha 2 Is a second ratio.
In one embodiment, obtaining the particle size of the measured particles based on the scattering coefficient includes:
a particle size analysis unit, wherein the particle size analysis unit,
γ＝hR 2 +gR+k
wherein gamma is a scattering coefficient, R is a particle size, and h, g and k are constants.
In one embodiment, before acquiring the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered, the method further includes:
and the signal amplifying unit is used for amplifying the power of the trigger pulse through the pre-amplifier.
In one embodiment, the ultrasonic scattering signal acquisition unit is configured to acquire a first ultrasonic scattering signal by using a first transducer, acquire a second ultrasonic scattering signal by using a second transducer, and acquire a third ultrasonic scattering signal by using an ultrasonic focusing transducer integrated with the first transducer and the second transducer.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and the internal structure of which may be as shown in fig. 5. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, and a database connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The database of the computer device is used to store periodic task allocation data such as configuration files, theoretical operating parameters and theoretical deviation value ranges, task attribute information, and the like. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a method of measuring the particle size of particles in a pipe.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG. 5 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the present inventive arrangements and is not limiting of the computer device to which the present inventive arrangements may be implemented, and that a particular computer device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine some of the components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor that when executing the computer program performs the steps of:
acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered;
according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity through the Faran acoustic scattering theory;
obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity;
and obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, implements obtaining a first ultrasonic scatter signal, a second ultrasonic scatter signal, and a third ultrasonic scatter signal in a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction after scattering of the measured particles, comprising:
the first direction is 90 degrees lateral to the measured particles;
the second direction is any angle within 120-150 degrees of the backward direction of the measured particles;
the third direction is 180 degrees rearward of the measured particle.
In one embodiment, the processor when executing the computer program implements deriving the first, second, and third scattered signal intensities from the first, second, and third ultrasonic scattered signals by Faran acoustic scattering theory, comprising:
solid particle scattering sound pressure calculation formula:
wherein j is l And n l Bessel functions, k, of the first and second class, respectively i For incident wave number, r is the distance between receiving points, P l Is a legendre polynomial of the kind,A n is the scattering coefficient.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, implements deriving the scattering coefficient from a first ratio of the first scattered signal intensity and the third scattered signal intensity, and a second ratio of the second scattered signal intensity and the third scattered signal intensity, comprising:
γ＝α 1 *α 2
wherein gamma is the scattering coefficient, alpha 1 At a first ratio, alpha 2 Is a second ratio.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, implements obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient, including:
γ＝hR 2 +gR+k
wherein gamma is a scattering coefficient, R is a particle size, and h, g and k are constants.
In one embodiment, before the processor executes the computer program to obtain the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be measured are scattered, the method further comprises:
the trigger pulse is power amplified by a pre-amplifier.
In one embodiment, the processor executes the computer program to realize that the first ultrasonic scattering signal is collected by the first transducer, the second ultrasonic scattering signal is collected by the second transducer, and the third ultrasonic scattering signal is a transceiver-integrated ultrasonic focusing transducer.
In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered;
according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal, obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity through the Faran acoustic scattering theory;
obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity;
and obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient.
In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements obtaining first, second and third ultrasonic scatter signals in the first, second and third directions after scattering of the measured particles, comprising:
the first direction is 90 degrees lateral to the measured particles;
the second direction is any angle within 120-150 degrees of the backward direction of the measured particles;
the third direction is 180 degrees rearward of the measured particle.
In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements deriving the first, second, and third scattered signal intensities from the first, second, and third ultrasonic scattered signals by Faran acoustic scattering theory, comprising:
solid particle scattering sound pressure calculation formula:
wherein j is l And n l Bessel functions, k, of the first and second class, respectively i For incident wave number, r is the distance between receiving points, P l Is a legendre polynomial of the kind,A n is the scattering coefficient.
In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, achieves obtaining a scattering coefficient from a first ratio of the first scattered signal intensity to the third scattered signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattered signal intensity to the third scattered signal intensity, comprising:
γ＝α 1 *α 2
wherein gamma is the scattering coefficient, alpha 1 At a first ratio, alpha 2 Is a second ratio.
In one embodiment, a computer program, when executed by a processor, achieves a particle size of a measured particle based on a scattering coefficient, comprising:
γ＝hR 2 +gR+k
wherein gamma is a scattering coefficient, R is a particle size, and h, g and k are constants.
In one embodiment, before the computer program is executed by the processor to obtain the first, second and third ultrasonic scattering signals in the first, second and third directions after the particles to be measured are scattered, the computer program further includes:
the trigger pulse is power amplified by a pre-amplifier.
In one embodiment, the computer program when executed by the processor implements that the first ultrasonic scatter signal is collected by the first transducer, the second ultrasonic scatter signal is collected by the second transducer, and the third ultrasonic scatter signal is a transceiver-integrated ultrasonic focusing transducer.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
The various embodiments in this disclosure are described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of the various embodiments are all referred to each other, and each embodiment is mainly described as different from other embodiments.
The scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method of measuring the particle size of particles in a pipe, the method comprising:
acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered;
obtaining a first scattering signal intensity, a second scattering signal intensity and a third scattering signal intensity according to the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal and the third ultrasonic scattering signal through a Faran acoustic scattering theory;
obtaining a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity;
and obtaining the particle size of the detected particles according to the scattering coefficient.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring the first, second and third ultrasonic scattering signals in the first, second and third directions after scattering of the measured particles comprises:
the first direction is 90 degrees lateral to the measured particles;
the second direction is any angle within 120-150 degrees of the backward direction of the measured particles;
the third direction is 180 degrees backward of the measured particles.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the first scattering signal intensity, the second scattering signal intensity, and the third scattering signal intensity by Faran acoustic scattering theory based on the first ultrasonic scattering signal, the second ultrasonic scattering signal, and the third ultrasonic scattering signal comprises:
solid particle scattering sound pressure calculation formula:
wherein j is l And n l Besse of the first and second types, respectivelyl function, k i For incident wave number, r is the distance between receiving points, P l Is a legendre polynomial of the kind,A n is the scattering coefficient.
4. The method of measuring the particle size of particles in a pipe according to claim 1, wherein obtaining a scattering coefficient from a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity and the third scattering signal intensity comprises:
γ＝α 1 *α 2 ；
wherein gamma is the scattering coefficient, alpha 1 At a first ratio, alpha 2 Is a second ratio.
5. The method for measuring the particle diameter of particles in a pipe according to claim 4, wherein the obtaining the particle diameter of the particles to be measured based on the scattering coefficient comprises:
γ＝hR 2 +gR+k；
wherein gamma is a scattering coefficient, R is a particle size, and h, g and k are constants.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein before the first, second and third ultrasonic scattering signals in the first, second and third directions after the scattering of the measured particles are obtained, further comprising:
the trigger pulse is power amplified by a pre-amplifier.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first ultrasonic scattering signal is collected by a first transducer, the second ultrasonic scattering signal is collected by a second transducer, and the third ultrasonic scattering signal is a transceiver-integrated ultrasonic focusing transducer.
8. A device for measuring particle size of particles in a pipe, comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a first ultrasonic scattering signal, a second ultrasonic scattering signal and a third ultrasonic scattering signal in a first direction, a second direction and a third direction after the particles to be detected are scattered;
the scattered signal intensity analysis unit is used for obtaining first scattered signal intensity, second scattered signal intensity and third scattered signal intensity according to the first ultrasonic scattered signal, the second ultrasonic scattered signal and the third ultrasonic scattered signal through a Faran acoustic scattering theory;
a scattering coefficient analysis unit, which obtains a scattering coefficient according to a first ratio of the first scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity and a second ratio of the second scattering signal intensity to the third scattering signal intensity;
and the particle size analysis unit is used for obtaining the particle size of the measured particles according to the scattering coefficient.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor realizes the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 7.
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