CN116896096B - Low-carbon optimal operation method and system for power distribution network containing energy storage equipment - Google Patents
Low-carbon optimal operation method and system for power distribution network containing energy storage equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 395
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 294
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 318
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[S] Chemical compound [Na].[S] BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract
According to the method, a low-carbon optimizing operation model of a power distribution network is firstly solved based on power distribution network data of a previous period to obtain main network injection power, power generation units and energy storage device operation parameters of the current period, carbon emission flow calculation is conducted on the data to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network, operation states of each energy storage device are adjusted based on charge states, node carbon potential of the node and discharge carbon potential, the power distribution network low-carbon optimizing operation model is subsequently called again to obtain corrected main network injection power, power generation units and energy storage device operation parameters, carbon emission flow calculation is conducted again to correct the node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network, and finally when the corrected energy storage device operation meets the node carbon potential requirement, the corrected operation data is used as an optimal scheme for low-carbon operation of the power distribution network of the current period. The method can effectively optimize the operation mode of the power distribution network containing the energy storage equipment facing the low-carbon target.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power grids, and particularly relates to a low-carbon optimized operation method and system for a power distribution network containing energy storage equipment in a novel power system.
Background
The distribution network is used as a junction platform for connecting a transmission network and a consumption side, and various distributed power sources and energy storage devices are widely used in the construction of a novel power system suitable for new energy development, and the capacity and application scale of the energy storage devices are also increasingly large. From the low-carbon development perspective of the power grid, the power distribution network should consider the low-carbon target as an important element for optimizing operation.
The existing new energy distribution network optimization strategy under low-carbon economy is often focused on a macroscopic planning level, and is difficult to accurately count carbon emission on the side of a main network caused by power consumption in the distribution network, so that reasonable distribution of low-carbon emission reduction targets of a power system is not facilitated. The low-carbon optimized operation strategy of the power distribution system based on the carbon emission flow does not consider the problem of the transaction cost of the carbon market, or cannot reflect the time difference of the accounting of the carbon emission, or does not incorporate the energy storage equipment into the power distribution network and the carbon market, so that the low-carbon optimized operation of the power distribution network system containing the energy storage equipment has limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a low-carbon optimized operation method and system for a power distribution network containing energy storage equipment, which can reduce the carbon emission cost of the system and realize precise optimization.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-carbon optimized operation method for a power distribution network including an energy storage device, including:
s1, inputting operation parameters of each generator set and energy storage equipment in a power distribution network at the previous period, carbon flow data, load data at the current period and carbon transaction price into a low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network, and solving to obtain main network injection power, the generator sets and the operation parameters of the energy storage equipment at the current period, wherein the low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network aims at the minimum sum of carbon emission cost of a main network system, operation and carbon transaction cost of the generator sets and operation and carbon transaction cost of the energy storage equipment;
s2, based on the main network injection power, the generator set and the energy storage equipment operation parameters in the current period, expanding carbon emission flow calculation to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network in the current period;
s3, adjusting the running states of the energy storage devices based on the charge states of the energy storage devices, the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located and the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, wherein the running states comprise a charge state and a discharge state;
s4, inputting the adjusted operation data of each energy storage device into a low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network, and solving to obtain corrected main network injection power, generator set and energy storage device operation parameters; based on the corrected main network injection power, the operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage equipment, expanding carbon emission flow calculation to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network;
s5, judging whether all the energy storage devices meet the node carbon potential requirements or not based on the corrected operation parameters of the energy storage devices and the node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network, and if so, taking the corrected main network injection power, the corrected operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage devices as an optimal scheme for low-carbon operation of the power distribution network in the current period; if not, returning to S3 for iteration.
The objective function of the low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network is as follows:
in the above, C w As a carbon emission cost of the main network system,the carbon transaction costs of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device are respectively calculated, when the energy storage devices are in a charging state,/>taking negative value, when the energy storage device is in a discharge state, < + >>Takes positive value, M, N is the number of the generator set and the energy storage equipment respectively, C i 、C j The running cost of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device is respectively, and T is the period number.
The saidThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
firstly, obtaining the carbon emission of each generator set based on the output of the generator set, and substituting the carbon emission into a carbon transaction analysis model to obtainThe carbon emission of each generator set is calculated based on the following formula:
in the above, E (i,t) For the carbon emission quantity of the ith generator set in the t period, i.e. the current period, sigma 1 Is the basic value of the carbon emission intensity of the generator set, P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P c The lowest output of the generator set is A, p is the number of intervals and interval length delta of the output of the generator set 1 、δ 2 、…、δ A-1 Is the increase of the carbon emission intensity and delta 1 ＞δ 2 ＞…＞δ A-1 ；
The carbon transaction analysis model is as follows:
in the above, sigma 2 Trade price per carbon emission rights, E c For generating set carbon quota, B, E 0 The number of intervals and the length of intervals of the carbon emission of the generator set in the carbon trade market are respectively gamma 1 、γ 2 、…、γ B-1 Is the increase of the price of carbon trade and gamma 1 ＜γ 2 ＜…＜γ B-1 。
The saidThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
if the energy storage device is in a discharging state in the period t, the energy storage device is equivalent to a generator set,according to->Is calculated by a calculation method of (2);
if the energy storage device is in a charged state for a period t,calculated according to the following formula:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,and e (t) is the charging carbon potential, sigma is the unit carbon emission right trade price, and delta t is the duration of each period.
The C is w 、C i 、C j Calculated according to the following formula:
C w ＝P w ·e w ·σ·Δt
C i ＝P (i,t) ·Δt·σ h
C j ＝P (j,t) ·Δt·σ g
in the above, P w Active power of main network system e w As the carbon potential of the main network, sigma is the trading price of the unit carbon emission rights, delta t is the duration of each period, and P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, sigma h 、σ g The electricity measuring cost and the electricity measuring cost P of the generator set and the energy storage equipment are respectively (j,t) And the power of the jth energy storage device is t time period.
The constraint condition of the low-carbon optimization operation model of the power distribution network is system operation constraint, and the constraint condition comprises:
system power balance constraint:
in the above, P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P (j,t) For the power of the jth energy storage device of the t period, P load The power of the load in the power distribution network system;
line tide constraint:
P l,min ≤P (l,t) ≤P l,max
in the above, P (l,t) For the active power flow of the t-period line l, P l,min 、P l,max The lower and upper limit values of the transmission power of the line l are respectively;
generating power constraint of the distributed generator set:
P i,min ≤P (i,t) ≤P i,max
in the above, P i,min 、P i,max Respectively the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the power generation power of the ith generating set;
climbing constraint of distributed generator set:
Ramp min ≤P (i,t) -P (i,t-1) ≤Ramp max ,t≥2
in the above, ramp min 、Ramp max The active power output of the generator set climbs down to the upper limit value;
energy storage device capacity constraints:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,maximum charge and discharge power of the jth energy storage device respectively;
energy storage device power constraint:
in the above, Q (j,t-1) For the electricity quantity stored by the jth energy storage device in the t-1 period, Q j,max And the maximum charge quantity of the jth energy storage device is deltat, and the duration of each period is deltat.
In the step S2, the node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above, e k Is the node carbon potential of the kth node, R l 、P l The carbon flow rate, the active power flow, K of branch l respectively + The active power flow for the branch connected with the kth node flows into the collection of all branches of the node.
The step S3 comprises the following steps:
s31, judging whether the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage equipment is 0 or 1, and if the SOC=0, setting the running state of the energy storage equipment as the charging state; if soc=1, setting the operation state of the energy storage device to a discharge state; if SOC is not equal to 0 and SOC is not equal to 1, the process proceeds to S32;
s32, comparing the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located with the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, and if the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located is greater than the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, setting the running state of the energy storage device as a discharge state; otherwise, the operating state of the energy storage device is set to a charging state.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a low-carbon optimizing operation system of a power distribution network, which comprises a power distribution network low-carbon optimizing operation model building module, a power distribution network low-carbon optimizing operation module, a node carbon potential calculating module, an energy storage operation state determining module and a node carbon potential judging module;
the power distribution network low-carbon optimization operation model construction module is used for constructing a power distribution network low-carbon optimization operation model;
the power distribution network low-carbon operation optimization module is used for inputting the operation parameters of each generator set and energy storage equipment in the power distribution network in the previous period, carbon flow data, load data in the current period and carbon transaction price into a power distribution network low-carbon optimization operation model, and solving to obtain the main network injection power, the generator sets and the energy storage equipment operation parameters in the current period; inputting the adjusted operation data of each energy storage device into a low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network, and solving to obtain corrected main network injection power, a generator set and operation parameters of the energy storage devices, wherein the low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network aims at the minimum sum of carbon emission cost of a main network system, operation and carbon transaction cost of the generator set and operation and carbon transaction cost of the energy storage devices;
the node carbon potential calculation module is used for expanding carbon emission flow calculation based on the main network injection power, the generator set and the energy storage equipment operation parameters in the current period to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network in the current period; based on the corrected main network injection power, the operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage equipment, expanding carbon emission flow calculation to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network;
the energy storage running state determining module is used for determining the running state of each energy storage device based on the charge state of each energy storage device, the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located and the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, wherein the running state comprises a charge state and a discharge state;
the node carbon potential judging module is used for judging whether all the energy storage devices meet the node carbon potential requirements based on the corrected operation parameters of the energy storage devices and the node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network, and if so, the corrected operation parameters of the main network, the generator set and the energy storage devices are used as the optimal scheme for low-carbon operation of the power distribution network in the current period; if not, starting the energy storage running state determining module to iterate.
The power distribution network low-carbon optimization operation model construction module comprises a carbon transaction cost calculation unit of a generator set, a carbon transaction cost calculation unit of energy storage equipment and an objective function construction unit;
the carbon transaction cost calculation unit of the generator set is used for determining the carbon transaction cost of the generator set according to the following calculation method:
firstly, obtaining carbon emission of each generator set based on the output of the generator set, and then bringing the carbon emission into a carbon transaction analysis model to obtain the carbon transaction cost of each generator set, wherein the carbon emission of each generator set is obtained by calculating based on the following formula:
in the above formula, E% i,t ) For the carbon emission quantity of the ith generator set in the t period, i.e. the current period, sigma 1 P is the basic value of the carbon emission intensity of the generator set i,t ) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P c The lowest output of the generator set is A, p is the number of intervals and interval length delta of the output of the generator set 1 、δ 2 、…、δ A-1 Is the increase of the carbon emission intensity and delta 1 ＞δ 2 ＞…＞δ A-1 ；
The carbon transaction analysis model is as follows:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for the carbon trade cost, sigma, of the ith genset 2 Trade price per carbon emission rights, E c For generating set carbon quota, B, E 0 The number of intervals and the length of intervals of the carbon emission of the generator set in the carbon trade market are respectively gamma 1 、γ 2 、…、γ B-1 Is the increase of the price of carbon trade and gamma 1 ＜γ 2 ＜…＜γ B-1 ；
The carbon transaction cost calculation unit of the energy storage device is used for determining the carbon transaction cost of the energy storage device according to the following calculation method:
if the energy storage equipment is in a discharging state in the t period, the energy storage equipment is equivalent to a generator set, and the carbon transaction cost of the energy storage equipment is calculated according to a calculation method adopted by a carbon transaction cost calculation unit 11 of the generator set;
if the energy storage device is in a charging state in the t period, the carbon transaction cost of the energy storage device is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,carbon trade cost for jth energy storage device, < >>E (t) is charging carbon potential, sigma is unit carbon emission right trade price, and delta t is the duration of each period;
the objective function construction unit is used for constructing the following objective functions:
in the above, C w As a carbon emission cost of the main network system,the carbon transaction costs of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device are respectively, and when the energy storage device is in a charging state, < >>Taking negative value, when the energy storage device is in a discharge state, < + >>Takes positive value, M, N is the number of the generator set and the energy storage equipment respectively, C i 、C j The running cost of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device is respectively, and T is the period number.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a low-carbon optimizing operation method of a power distribution network containing energy storage equipment, firstly, input the operation parameters of each generator set and energy storage equipment in the power distribution network of the previous period, carbon flow data, load data of the current period and carbon transaction price into a low-carbon optimizing operation model of the power distribution network, solve and obtain the operation parameters of the main network injection power, the generator sets and the energy storage equipment of the current period, then, based on the operation parameters of the main network injection power, the generator sets and the energy storage equipment of the current period, calculate the carbon emission flow, obtain the node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network of the current period, then, based on the charge state of each energy storage equipment, the node carbon potential of each node where the energy storage equipment is located, the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage equipment, adjust the operation state of each energy storage equipment, input the operation data of each energy storage equipment into the low-carbon optimizing operation model of the power distribution network, solve and obtain the operation parameters of the corrected main network injection power, based on the operation parameters of the corrected main network injection power, the generator sets and the operation parameters of the energy storage equipment, calculate the carbon emission flow, obtain the node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network, and the power of each node in the power distribution network, and the energy storage equipment, and finally, based on the operation parameters of the corrected energy storage equipment, if the node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network and the power storage equipment meets the current carbon equipment has no requirement, and the optimal operation mode, and the current carbon input mode is realized, and if the current mode is satisfied, and has low-carbon operation requirements is realized simultaneously, the influence of the generator set and the energy storage equipment on carbon emission can reduce the carbon emission cost of the system, and the low-carbon benefit of the operation of the power distribution network is more accurately reflected.
2. According to the low-carbon optimizing operation method for the power distribution network containing the energy storage equipment, disclosed by the invention, the carbon transaction cost calculation process of the power generation unit and the energy storage equipment is combined with a dynamic carbon emission model and a carbon transaction mechanism, and dynamic carbon emission intensity is adopted in the dynamic carbon emission model, so that the time difference of carbon emission accounting and the change condition of the carbon emission intensity under different conditions are reflected, and the carbon emission metering is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method described in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a frame diagram of the system of example 2.
In the figure, a power distribution network low-carbon optimization operation model building module 1, a carbon transaction cost computing unit 11 of a generator set, a carbon transaction cost computing unit 12 of energy storage equipment, an objective function building unit 13, an operation cost computing unit 14, a constraint condition building unit 15, a power distribution network low-carbon operation optimization module 2, a node carbon potential computing module 3, an energy storage operation state determining module 4 and a node carbon potential judging module 5 are arranged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
In the construction of a novel power system adapting to new energy development, because the new energy has large volatility, a large amount of energy storage equipment is required to be arranged, the load of a supporting source is balanced, the capacity and the scale of the energy storage equipment are increased in an explosive manner, and the carbon emission difference generated by the stored electric quantity in different time periods is not negligible. And when the energy storage equipment is charged, carbon emission is accumulated while electric quantity is accumulated, and when the energy storage equipment is discharged, the carbon emission accumulated in the charging process is released back to the power distribution network. The fluctuation of the carbon trade market inevitably leads to the difference of carbon emission costs corresponding to energy storage charging and discharging at different moments, so that the low-carbon optimization operation model of the power distribution network provided by the invention can reduce the carbon emission cost of the system by considering the action of energy storage equipment in the carbon trade market when calculating the carbon trade cost, and can evaluate the low-carbon benefit of the operation of the power distribution network system more accurately.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a low-carbon optimized operation method of a power distribution network with energy storage equipment sequentially comprises the following steps:
1. inputting operation parameters of each generator set and energy storage equipment in a power distribution network in the previous period, carbon flow data, load data in the current period and carbon transaction price into a low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network to obtain main network injection power, the operation parameters of the generator sets and the energy storage equipment in the current period, wherein an objective function of the low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network is as follows:
in the above, C all C is the carbon emission cost of the power distribution network system w As a carbon emission cost of the main network system,the carbon transaction costs of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device are respectively, and when the energy storage device is in a charging state, < >>Taking negative value, when the energy storage device is in a discharge state, < + >>Takes positive value, M, N is the number of the generator set and the energy storage equipment respectively, C i 、C j Respectively the firstThe operation cost of the i generator sets and the j energy storage equipment is T, and the T is the time period number;
the saidThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
firstly, obtaining the carbon emission of each generator set based on the output of the generator set, and substituting the carbon emission into a carbon transaction analysis model to obtainThe carbon emission of each generator set is calculated based on the following formula:
in the above, E (i,t) For the carbon emission quantity of the ith generator set in the t period, i.e. the current period, sigma 1 Taking 40t/p.u, P as the basic value of the carbon emission intensity of the generator set (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P c The lowest output of the generator set is A, p is the number of intervals and interval length delta of the output of the generator set 1 、δ 2 、…、δ A-1 The value of the carbon emission intensity is 0 to 5 percent, and delta 1 ＞δ 2 ＞…＞δ A-1 ；
The carbon transaction analysis model is as follows:
in the above, sigma 2 Trade price per carbon emission rights, E c For generating set carbon quota, B, E 0 The number of intervals and the length of intervals of the carbon emission of the generator set in the carbon trade market are respectively gamma 1 、γ 2 、…、γ B-1 The price of the carbon transaction is increased by 5 to 25 percent, and gamma 1 ＜γ 2 ＜…＜γ B-1 ；
The saidThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
if the energy storage device is in a discharging state in the period t, the energy storage device is equivalent to a generator set,according to->Is calculated by a calculation method of (2);
if the energy storage device is in a charged state for a period t,calculated according to the following formula:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,the charging power of the jth energy storage device, e (t) is the charging carbon potential, the calculation method is consistent with the discharging situation, sigma is the unit carbon emission right trading price, and delta t is the duration of each period;
the C is w Calculated according to the following formula:
C w ＝P w ·e w ·σ·Δt
in the above, P w Active power of main network system e w As the carbon potential of the main network, sigma is the trading price of the unit carbon emission rights, and delta t is the duration of each period;
the C is i The specific calculation formula is as follows, depending on the power generation type of the generator set:
C i ＝P (i,t) ·Δt·σ h
in the above, P (i,t) Generating power for the ith period of time tOutput of machine set, sigma h For the electricity measurement cost of the generator set, the electricity measurement cost of various power generation modes is shown in table 1:
table 1 cost of electricity generation for various power generation modes
| Power generation mode | Cost of degree electricity (Yuan/degree) |
| Thermal power | 0.25-0.35 |
| Hydropower | 0.1-0.3 |
| Nuclear power | 0.25-0.35 |
| Wind power on land | 0.15-0.3 |
| Offshore wind power | 0.3-0.55 |
| Photovoltaic device | 0.15-0.3 |
The C is j Calculated according to the following formula:
C j ＝P (j，t) ·Δt·σ g
in the above, P (j，t) For the power, sigma, of the jth energy storage device of period t g To the electricity cost of the energy storage equipment, the electricity of various energy storage equipment is formedThe contents are shown in Table 1:
table 2 cost of electricity for various energy storage devices
| Energy storage technology | Cost of degree electricity (Yuan degree) |
| Lithium ion batteryIon battery | 0.44 |
| Sodium ion battery | 0.84 |
| All vanadium liquid flowBattery cell | 0.49 |
| Sodium-sulfur battery | 1.11 |
| Pumped storage | 0.31 |
| Compressed air | 0.63 |
| Hydrogen storage | 1.82 |
Constraint conditions of the low-carbon optimization operation model of the power distribution network comprise:
system power balance constraint:
in the above, P (i，t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P (j，t) For the power of the jth energy storage device in the t period, discharging is positive, charging is negative, and P load The power of the load in the power distribution network system;
line tide constraint:
P l,min ≤P (l,t) ≤P l,max
in the above, P (l,t) For the active power flow of the t-period line l, P l,min 、P l,max The lower and upper limit values of the transmission power of the line l are respectively;
generating power constraint of the distributed generator set:
P i,min ≤P (i,t) ≤P i,max
in the above, P i,min 、P i,max Respectively the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the power generation power of the ith generating set;
climbing constraint of distributed generator set:
Ramp min ≤P (i,t) -P (i,t-1) ≤Ramp max ,t≥2
in the above, ramp min 、Ramp max The active power output of the generator set climbs down to the upper limit value;
energy storage device capacity constraints:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,maximum charge and discharge power of the jth energy storage device respectively;
energy storage device power constraint:
in the above, Q (j,t-1) For the electricity quantity stored by the jth energy storage device in the t-1 period, Q j,max And the maximum charge quantity of the jth energy storage device is deltat, and the duration of each period is deltat.
2. Based on the main network injection power of the current period, the operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage equipment, carbon emission flow calculation is unfolded, and node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network of the current period is obtained based on the following formula:
in the above, e k Is the node carbon potential of the kth node, R l 、P l The carbon flow rate, the active power flow, K of branch l respectively + The active power flow for the branch connected with the kth node flows into the collection of all branches of the node.
3. Calculating the state of charge (SOC) of each energy storage device according to the following formula, judging whether the SOC is 0 or 1, and if the SOC=0, setting the running state of the energy storage device as the charging state; if soc=1, setting the operation state of the energy storage device to a discharge state; if SOC is not equal to 0 and SOC is not equal to 1, go to step 4:
SOC＝Q 0 /Q max
in the above, Q 0 At T for energy storage device 0 Time of day, electric quantity, Q max Is the maximum charge of the energy storage device.
4. Comparing the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located with the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, and if the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located is greater than the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, setting the running state of the energy storage device as a discharge state; otherwise, the operation state of the energy storage device is set to be a charging state, wherein the discharging carbon potential of the energy storage device is calculated by the following formula:
in the above formula, e (T) is the discharge carbon potential at time T, F 0 For the flow rate of carbon,respectively the energy storage devices are at the T-junction 0 And the accumulated carbon flow and electric quantity in the charging process from the moment to the moment T are the conversion efficiency of charging and discharging of the energy storage device.
5. Inputting the adjusted operation data of each energy storage device into a low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network, and solving to obtain corrected main network injection power, generator set and energy storage device operation parameters; and (3) based on the corrected main network injection power, the operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage equipment, expanding carbon emission flow calculation to obtain the node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network.
6. Judging whether all the energy storage devices meet the node carbon potential requirements or not based on the corrected operation parameters of the energy storage devices and the node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network, and if so, taking the corrected main network injection power, the corrected operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage devices as an optimal scheme for low-carbon operation of the power distribution network in the current period; if not, returning to the step 3 for iteration until all the energy storage devices meet the node carbon potential requirement, wherein the node carbon potential requirement comprises:
when the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located is greater than the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device and the SOC is not equal to 0, the running state of the energy storage device is a discharge state; when the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located is not greater than the discharging carbon potential of the energy storage device and the SOC is not equal to 1, the running state of the energy storage device is a charging state.
7. And the power distribution network executes the optimal scheme of low-carbon operation of the power distribution network in the current period, and updates the operation parameters and carbon flow data of each generator set and energy storage equipment in the power distribution network so as to be used for optimizing and solving the low-carbon operation of the power distribution network system in the next period.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 2, the low-carbon optimizing operation system of the power distribution network with the energy storage device comprises a power distribution network low-carbon optimizing operation model building module 1, a power distribution network low-carbon optimizing operation module 2, a node carbon potential calculating module 3, an energy storage operation state determining module 4 and a node carbon potential judging module 5, wherein the power distribution network low-carbon optimizing operation model building module 1 comprises a carbon transaction cost calculating unit 11 of a generator set, a carbon transaction cost calculating unit 12 of the energy storage device, an objective function building unit 13, an operation cost calculating unit 14 and a constraint condition building unit 15.
The carbon trade cost calculation unit 11 of the generator set is configured to determine the carbon trade cost of the generator set according to the following calculation method:
firstly, obtaining carbon emission of each generator set based on the output of the generator set, and substituting the carbon emission into a carbon transaction analysis model to obtain the carbon transaction cost of each generator set, wherein the carbon emission of each generator set is obtained by calculating based on the following formula:
in the above, E (i,t) For the carbon emission quantity of the ith generator set in the t period, i.e. the current period, sigma 1 Is the basic value of the carbon emission intensity of the generator set, P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P c The lowest output of the generator set is A, p is the number of intervals and interval length delta of the output of the generator set 1 、δ 2 、…、δ A-1 Is the increase of the carbon emission intensity and delta 1 ＞δ 2 ＞…＞δ A-1 ；
The carbon transaction analysis model is as follows:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for the carbon trade cost, sigma, of the ith genset 2 Trade price per carbon emission rights, E c Is hair-growingCarbon quota for motor set B, E 0 The number of intervals and the length of intervals of the carbon emission of the generator set in the carbon trade market are respectively gamma 1 、γ 2 、…、γ B-1 Is the increase of the price of carbon trade and gamma 1 ＜γ 2 ＜…＜γ B-1 。
The carbon transaction cost calculation unit 12 of the energy storage device is configured to determine the carbon transaction cost of the energy storage device according to the following calculation method:
if the energy storage equipment is in a discharging state in the t period, the energy storage equipment is equivalent to a generator set, and the carbon transaction cost of the energy storage equipment is calculated according to a calculation method adopted by a carbon transaction cost calculation unit 11 of the generator set;
if the energy storage device is in a charging state in the t period, the energy storage device is equivalent to a load, and the carbon transaction cost is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,carbon trade cost for jth energy storage device, < >>And e (t) is the charging carbon potential, sigma is the unit carbon emission right trade price, and delta t is the duration of each period.
The running cost calculation unit 14 is configured to calculate C based on the following formula w 、C i 、C j ：
C w ＝P w ·e w ·σ·Δt
C i ＝P (i,t) ·Δt·σ h
C j ＝P (j,t) ·Δt·σ g
In the above, P w Active power of main network system e w As main network carbon potential, sigma as unit carbon rowThe price of the right-to-release transaction, delta t is the duration of each period, P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, sigma h 、σ g The electricity measuring cost and the electricity measuring cost P of the generator set and the energy storage equipment are respectively (j,t) And the power of the jth energy storage device is t time period.
The objective function construction unit 13 is configured to construct the following objective functions:
in the above, C w As a carbon emission cost of the main network system,the carbon transaction costs of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device are respectively, and when the energy storage device is in a charging state, < >>Taking negative value, when the energy storage device is in a discharge state, < + >>Takes positive value, M, N is the number of the generator set and the energy storage equipment respectively, C i 、C j The running cost of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device are respectively.
The constraint condition construction unit 15 is configured to construct the following constraint conditions:
system power balance constraint:
in the above, P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P (j,t) For the power of the jth energy storage device in the t period, discharging is positive, charging is negative, and P load The power of the load in the power distribution network system;
line tide constraint:
P l,min ≤P (l,t) ≤P l,max
in the above, P (l,t) For the active power flow of the t-period line l, P l,min 、P l,max The lower and upper limit values of the transmission power of the line l are respectively;
generating power constraint of the distributed generator set:
P i,min ≤P (i,t) ≤P i,max
in the above, P i,min 、P i,max Respectively the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the power generation power of the ith generating set;
climbing constraint of distributed generator set:
Ramp min ≤P (i,t) -P (i,t-1) ≤Ramp max ,t≥2
in the above, ramp min 、Ramp max The active power output of the generator set climbs down to the upper limit value;
energy storage device capacity constraints:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,maximum charge and discharge power of the jth energy storage device respectively;
energy storage device power constraint:
in the above, Q (j,t-1) For the electricity quantity stored by the jth energy storage device in the t-1 period, Q j,max And the maximum charge quantity of the jth energy storage device is deltat, and the duration of each period is deltat.
The low-carbon operation optimization module 2 of the power distribution network is used for inputting operation parameters of each generator set and energy storage equipment in the power distribution network in the previous period, carbon flow data, load data in the current period and carbon transaction price into a low-carbon optimization operation model of the power distribution network, and solving to obtain main network injection power, the generator sets and the operation parameters of the energy storage equipment in the current period; and inputting the adjusted operation data of each energy storage device into a low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network to obtain corrected main network injection power, generator set and energy storage device operation parameters.
The node carbon potential calculation module 3 is used for calculating carbon emission flows based on the main network injection power, the operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage equipment in the current period, and obtaining node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network in the current period; based on the corrected main network injection power, the operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage equipment, expanding carbon emission flow calculation to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network, wherein the node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above, e k Is the node carbon potential of the kth node, R l 、P l The carbon flow rate, the active power flow, K of branch l respectively + The active power flow for the branch connected with the kth node flows into the collection of all branches of the node.
The energy storage operation state determining module 4 is configured to determine an operation state of each energy storage device based on the following rule:
judging whether the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage equipment is 0 or 1, and if the SOC=0, setting the running state of the energy storage equipment to be the state of charge; if soc=1, setting the operation state of the energy storage device to a discharge state; if the SOC is not equal to 0 and the SOC is not equal to 1, comparing the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located with the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, and if the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located is greater than the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, setting the running state of the energy storage device as a discharge state; otherwise, the operating state of the energy storage device is set to a charging state.
The node carbon potential judging module 5 is configured to judge whether all energy storage devices meet the following node carbon potential requirements based on the corrected operation parameters of the energy storage devices and the node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network, and if so, take the corrected main network injection power, the corrected operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage devices as an optimal scheme for low-carbon operation of the power distribution network in the current period; if not, the energy storage running state determining module 4 is started to iterate:
when the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located is greater than the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device and the SOC is not equal to 0, the running state of the energy storage device is a discharge state; when the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located is not greater than the discharging carbon potential of the energy storage device and the SOC is not equal to 1, the running state of the energy storage device is a charging state.
Claims (5)
1. A low-carbon optimized operation method for a power distribution network containing energy storage equipment is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting operation parameters of each generator set and energy storage equipment in a power distribution network at the previous period, carbon flow data, load data at the current period and carbon transaction price into a low-carbon optimization operation model of the power distribution network, solving to obtain main network injection power, the generator sets and the operation parameters of the energy storage equipment at the current period, wherein the low-carbon optimization operation model of the power distribution network aims at the minimum sum of carbon emission cost of a main network system, operation and carbon transaction cost of the generator sets and operation and carbon transaction cost of the energy storage equipment, and an objective function is as follows:
in the above, C w As a carbon emission cost of the main network system,the carbon transaction costs of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device are respectively, and when the energy storage device is in a charging state, < >>Taking a negative value, when the energy storage device is in a discharge state,takes positive value, M, N is the number of the generator set and the energy storage equipment respectively, C i 、C j The running cost of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device is respectively, and T is the time period number;
the saidThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
firstly, obtaining the carbon emission of each generator set based on the output of the generator set, and substituting the carbon emission into a carbon transaction analysis model to obtainThe carbon emission of each generator set is calculated based on the following formula:
in the above, E (i,t) For the carbon emission quantity of the ith generator set in the t period, i.e. the current period, sigma 1 Is the basic value of the carbon emission intensity of the generator set, P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P c The lowest output of the generator set is A, p is the number of intervals and interval length delta of the output of the generator set 1 、δ 2 、…、δ A-1 Is the increase of the carbon emission intensity and delta 1 ＞δ 2 ＞…＞δ A-1 ；
The carbon transaction analysis model is as follows:
in the above, sigma 2 Trade price per carbon emission rights, E c For generating set carbon quota, B, E 0 The number of intervals and the length of intervals of the carbon emission of the generator set in the carbon trade market are respectively gamma 1 、γ 2 、…、γ B-1 Is the increase of the price of carbon trade and gamma 1 ＜γ 2 ＜…＜γ B-1 ；
The saidThe calculation method of (1) is as follows:
if the energy storage device is in a discharging state in the period t, the energy storage device is equivalent to a generator set,according to->Is calculated by a calculation method of (2);
if the energy storage device is in a charged state for a period t,calculated according to the following formula:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,e (t) is charging carbon potential, sigma is unit carbon emission right trade price, and delta t is the duration of each period;
s2, based on the main network injection power, the generator set and the energy storage equipment operation parameters in the current period, expanding carbon emission flow calculation to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network in the current period;
s3, adjusting the running state of each energy storage device based on the charge state of each energy storage device, the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located and the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, wherein the running state comprises a charge state and a discharge state, and the steps comprise:
s31, judging whether the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage equipment is 0 or 1, and if the SOC=0, setting the running state of the energy storage equipment as the charging state; if soc=1, setting the operation state of the energy storage device to a discharge state; if SOC is not equal to 0 and SOC is not equal to 1, the process proceeds to S32;
s32, comparing the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located with the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, and if the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located is greater than the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, setting the running state of the energy storage device as a discharge state; otherwise, setting the running state of the energy storage equipment to be a charging state;
s4, inputting the adjusted operation data of each energy storage device into a low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network, and solving to obtain corrected main network injection power, generator set and energy storage device operation parameters; based on the corrected main network injection power, the operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage equipment, expanding carbon emission flow calculation to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network;
s5, judging whether all the energy storage devices meet the node carbon potential requirements or not based on the corrected operation parameters of the energy storage devices and the node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network, and if so, taking the corrected main network injection power, the corrected operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage devices as an optimal scheme for low-carbon operation of the power distribution network in the current period; if not, returning to S3 for iteration.
2. The low-carbon optimized operation method of the power distribution network containing the energy storage equipment according to claim 1, wherein,
the C is w 、C i 、C j Calculated according to the following formula:
C w ＝P w ·e w ·σ·Δt
C i ＝P (i,t) ·Δt·σ h
C j ＝P (j,t) ·Δt·σ g
in the above, P w Active power of main network system e w As the carbon potential of the main network, sigma is the trading price of the unit carbon emission rights, delta t is the duration of each period, and P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, sigma h 、σ g The electricity measuring cost and the electricity measuring cost P of the generator set and the energy storage equipment are respectively (j,t) And the power of the jth energy storage device is t time period.
3. The low-carbon optimized operation method of the power distribution network containing the energy storage equipment according to claim 1, wherein,
the constraint condition of the low-carbon optimization operation model of the power distribution network is system operation constraint, and the constraint condition comprises:
system power balance constraint:
in the above, P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P (j,t) For the power of the jth energy storage device of the t period, P load The power of the load in the power distribution network system;
line tide constraint:
P l,min ≤P (l,t) ≤P l,max
in the above, P (l,t) For the active power flow of the t-period line l, P l,min 、P l,max The lower and upper limit values of the transmission power of the line l are respectively;
generating power constraint of the distributed generator set:
P i,min ≤P (i,t) ≤P i,max
in the above, P i,min 、P i,max Respectively the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the power generation power of the ith generating set;
climbing constraint of distributed generator set:
Ramp min ≤P (i,t) -P (i,t-1) ≤Ramp max ,t≥2
in the above, ramp min 、Ramp max The active power output of the generator set climbs down to the upper limit value;
energy storage device capacity constraints:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,maximum charge and discharge power of the jth energy storage device respectively;
energy storage device power constraint:
in the above, Q (j,t-1) For the electricity quantity stored by the jth energy storage device in the t-1 period, Q j,max And the maximum charge quantity of the jth energy storage device is deltat, and the duration of each period is deltat.
4. The low-carbon optimized operation method of the power distribution network containing the energy storage equipment according to claim 1, wherein,
in the step S2, the node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above, e k Is the node carbon potential of the kth node, R l 、P l The carbon flow rate, the active power flow, K of branch l respectively + The active power flow for the branch connected with the kth node flows into the collection of all branches of the node.
5. A low-carbon optimized operation system of a power distribution network containing energy storage equipment is characterized in that,
the system comprises a power distribution network low-carbon optimizing operation model construction module (1), a power distribution network low-carbon operation optimizing module (2), a node carbon potential calculation module (3), an energy storage operation state determination module (4) and a node carbon potential judgment module (5);
the power distribution network low-carbon optimization operation model construction module (1) is used for constructing a power distribution network low-carbon optimization operation model and comprises a carbon transaction cost calculation unit (11) of a generator set, a carbon transaction cost calculation unit (12) of energy storage equipment and an objective function construction unit (13);
the carbon transaction cost calculation unit (11) of the generator set is used for determining the carbon transaction cost of the generator set according to the following calculation method:
firstly, obtaining carbon emission of each generator set based on the output of the generator set, and substituting the carbon emission into a carbon transaction analysis model to obtain the carbon transaction cost of each generator set, wherein the carbon emission of each generator set is obtained by calculating based on the following formula:
in the above, E (i,t) For the carbon emission quantity of the ith generator set in the t period, i.e. the current period, sigma 1 Is the basic value of the carbon emission intensity of the generator set, P (i,t) For the output force of the ith generating set in the t period, P c The lowest output of the generator set is A, p is the number of intervals and interval length delta of the output of the generator set 1 、δ 2 、…、δ A-1 Is the increase of the carbon emission intensity and delta 1 ＞δ 2 ＞…＞δ A-1 ；
The carbon transaction analysis model is as follows:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,for the carbon trade cost, sigma, of the ith genset 2 Trade price per carbon emission rights, E c For generating set carbon quota, B, E 0 The number of intervals and the length of intervals of the carbon emission of the generator set in the carbon trade market are respectively gamma 1 、γ 2 、…、γ B-1 Is the increase of the price of carbon trade and gamma 1 ＜γ 2 ＜…＜γ B-1 ；
The carbon transaction cost calculation unit (12) of the energy storage device is configured to determine a carbon transaction cost of the energy storage device according to the following calculation method:
if the energy storage equipment is in a discharging state in the t period, the energy storage equipment is equivalent to a generator set, and the carbon transaction cost of the energy storage equipment is calculated according to a calculation method adopted by a carbon transaction cost calculation unit (11) of the generator set;
if the energy storage device is in a charging state in the t period, the carbon transaction cost of the energy storage device is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,carbon trade cost for jth energy storage device, < >>E (t) is charging carbon potential, sigma is unit carbon emission right trade price, and delta t is the duration of each period;
the objective function construction unit (13) is configured to construct the following objective functions:
in the above, C w As a carbon emission cost of the main network system,the carbon transaction costs of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device are respectively, and when the energy storage device is in a charging state, < >>Taking a negative value, when the energy storage device is in a discharge state,takes positive value, M, N is the number of the generator set and the energy storage equipment respectively, C i 、C j The running cost of the ith generating set and the jth energy storage device is respectively, and T is the time period number;
the low-carbon operation optimization module (2) of the power distribution network is used for inputting operation parameters of each generator set and energy storage equipment in the power distribution network in the previous period, carbon flow data, load data in the current period and carbon transaction price into a low-carbon optimization operation model of the power distribution network, and solving to obtain main network injection power, generator sets and energy storage equipment operation parameters in the current period; inputting the adjusted operation data of each energy storage device into a low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network, and solving to obtain corrected main network injection power, a generator set and operation parameters of the energy storage devices, wherein the low-carbon optimized operation model of the power distribution network aims at the minimum sum of carbon emission cost of a main network system, operation and carbon transaction cost of the generator set and operation and carbon transaction cost of the energy storage devices;
the node carbon potential calculation module (3) is used for expanding carbon emission flow calculation based on main network injection power, a generator set and energy storage equipment operation parameters in the current period to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the power distribution network in the current period; based on the corrected main network injection power, the operation parameters of the generator set and the energy storage equipment, expanding carbon emission flow calculation to obtain node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network;
the energy storage running state determining module (4) is used for adjusting the running state of each energy storage device based on the charge state of each energy storage device, the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located and the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, wherein the running state comprises the charge state and the discharge state, and the specific adjustment rule is as follows:
judging whether the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage equipment is 0 or 1, and if the SOC=0, setting the running state of the energy storage equipment to be the state of charge; if soc=1, setting the operation state of the energy storage device to a discharge state; if the SOC is not equal to 0 and the SOC is not equal to 1, comparing the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located with the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, and if the node carbon potential of the node where the energy storage device is located is greater than the discharge carbon potential of the energy storage device, setting the running state of the energy storage device as a discharge state; otherwise, setting the running state of the energy storage equipment to be a charging state;
the node carbon potential judging module (5) is used for judging whether all the energy storage devices meet the node carbon potential requirement based on the corrected operation parameters of the energy storage devices and the node carbon potential of each node in the corrected power distribution network, and if so, the corrected operation parameters of the main network injection power, the generator set and the energy storage devices are used as an optimal scheme for low-carbon operation of the power distribution network in the current period; if not, the energy storage running state determining module (4) is started for iteration.
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