CN116894369A - Power battery pack bottom collision simulation method, system and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Power battery pack bottom collision simulation method, system and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation method, a simulation system and electronic equipment for bottom collision of a power battery pack, and relates to the technical field of electric digital data processing. According to the simulation method for the bottom collision of the power battery pack, the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model are constructed, the ground model is built, the simulation test model is formed based on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model, the simulation test model is adopted to carry out the simulation test for the bottom collision of the power battery pack according to the set working condition information, the response condition of the battery pack in the collision process can be known in real time in the simulation test process to obtain the simulation analysis result, the problems that the test mode cost is high, the test scheme does not have corresponding regulation standards and the like in the prior art are solved, and therefore a new idea is provided for the safety test of the battery pack.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric digital data processing, in particular to a simulation method, a simulation system and electronic equipment for bottom collision of a power battery pack.
Background
With the rapid development of new energy, the requirements for batteries in various fields such as energy storage, automobiles and the like are more and more intense, and corresponding test systems need to be developed for meeting the related research and development test requirements.
Because the dynamic safety of the bottom of the battery pack belongs to a more outstanding problem represented by the rapid development of new energy automobiles in recent years, in the aspect of the simulation modeling of the bottom collision of the battery pack, the simplified model methods adopted by various enterprises are different at present, or the safety performance of the battery pack in the bottom collision process is not realized through the simulation modeling method. The conventional simulation analysis is currently applied to the aspect of collision to establish a whole vehicle model and perform safety evaluation analysis such as European new vehicle evaluation test (Chinese New Car Assessment Program, CNCAP), pedestrian protection and the like.
In the aspect of the dynamic safety test of the bottom of the battery pack, the performance test is mainly carried out through a bottom supporting test, but the test mode has high cost, and the test scheme does not have corresponding rule standards.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a power battery pack bottom collision simulation method, a system and electronic equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a power battery pack bottom collision simulation method comprises the following steps:
constructing a battery pack model, a trolley model and an obstacle model; the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model are all three-dimensional models;
establishing a ground model, and forming a simulation test model based on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model;
and carrying out a power battery pack bottom collision simulation test according to the set working condition information by adopting the simulation test model to obtain a simulation analysis result.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
coupling the quality units of the battery pack model to obtain quality points;
and carrying out counterweight on the basis of the mass point so as to simulate the mass of the vehicle to be tested.
Optionally, a ground model is established, and a simulation test model is formed based on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model, specifically including:
and carrying out grid division on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model by adopting a finite element method to obtain a battery pack finite element model, a trolley finite element model and an obstacle finite element model, and establishing a ground model with the height consistent with the lowest point of the trolley so as to form the simulation test model.
Optionally, the simulation test model is adopted to perform a power battery pack bottom collision simulation test according to set working condition information to obtain a simulation analysis result, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and solving the simulation test model by adopting a variational method to obtain the motion process of the trolley model with the battery pack when the trolley model impacts an obstacle.
Optionally, before the simulation test model is adopted to perform the power battery pack bottom collision simulation test according to the set working condition information to obtain a simulation analysis result, the method further comprises the steps of:
giving a battery pack material model equation;
and determining a stress-strain curve of the selected material of the battery pack object in the manufacturing process based on the battery pack material model equation.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the simulation method for the bottom collision of the power battery pack, the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model are constructed, the ground model is built, the simulation test model is formed based on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model, the simulation test model is adopted to carry out the simulation test for the bottom collision of the power battery pack according to the set working condition information, the response condition of the battery pack in the collision process can be known in real time in the simulation test process to obtain a simulation analysis result, the problems that the test mode cost is high in the prior art, the test scheme does not have corresponding regulation standards and the like are solved, and therefore a new idea is provided for the safety test of the battery pack.
In addition, the invention also provides the following implementation structure:
the simulation system for the bottom collision of the power battery pack is applied to the simulation method for the bottom collision of the power battery pack; the system comprises:
the three-dimensional model building module is used for building a battery pack model, a trolley model and an obstacle model; the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model are all three-dimensional models;
the simulation model generation module is used for establishing a ground model and forming a simulation test model based on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model;
and the simulation test module is used for carrying out a power battery pack bottom collision simulation test according to the set working condition information by adopting the simulation test model to obtain a simulation analysis result.
An electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is connected with the memory and used for calling and executing the computer program so as to implement the power battery pack bottom collision simulation method.
Optionally, the memory is a computer readable storage medium.
The technical effects achieved by the two implementation structures provided by the invention are the same as those achieved by the power battery pack bottom collision simulation method provided by the invention, so that the description is omitted here.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a power battery pack bottom collision simulation method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stress-strain curve provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack model according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack model and an obstacle model provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack model, a trolley model, an obstacle model and a ground model provided by the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a trolley model provided with a battery pack model according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a floor model, a trolley model and a battery pack model provided by the invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a floor model, a trolley model and a battery pack model provided by the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of a mass point provided by the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of a mass point provided by the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of a battery pack tray collision provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a simulation method, a simulation system and electronic equipment for bottom collision of a power battery pack, which can know the response condition of the battery pack in real time in the collision process, so as to solve the problems of high cost of a test mode, no corresponding regulation standard and the like in the test scheme in the prior art, thereby providing a new idea for safety test of the battery pack.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the power battery pack bottom collision simulation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step 100: and establishing a battery pack model and an obstacle model. In the practical application process, the battery pack model and the obstacle model are established as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
In this step, a battery pack model and an obstacle model for collision with the battery pack are constructed by computer finite element analysis software. In the process of building the battery pack model, it is important to couple the mass units of the battery pack model, because if the mass size is not set, only the mass of the battery pack model and the trolley model participates in the collision process, and the working condition simulated by the method is an electric automobile with the battery pack, therefore, the mass of the battery pack model and the trolley model needs to be redefined, namely a new mass point is coupled, and the mass size of the new mass point is: the mass of the battery pack model and the trolley model in the simulation model is subtracted from the mass of the real vehicle, namely the system model is weighted by coupling new mass points, so that the mass of the real vehicle can be simulated. The mass point 3 obtained by coupling may also be referred to as a mass coupling unit, as shown in fig. 9 and 10.
Based on the above, in the practical application process, a three-dimensional geometric model is firstly established by using common commercial software according to the practical size of the battery pack of the tested sample, such as length, width, thickness of the components and geometric relation among the components, and drawing is carried out. The three-dimensional geometric model of the battery pack is generally a design part and can be produced in the later stage and put into the market, so that the data are the existing data model, namely the three-dimensional electronic model of the tested part, and the existing battery pack actual object can be scanned through a three-dimensional scanner to obtain the three-dimensional electronic model in the IGS format.
Step 101: a trolley model is built and assembled with the battery pack model as shown in fig. 5 and 6.
Specifically, a trolley model capable of loading a battery pack model is built through computer finite element analysis software. The size of the trolley model is selected according to the size of the battery pack model, and the front-rear wheel distance L of the trolley is generally ensured to be larger than the maximum length of the battery pack, and the width of the trolley model is larger than or equal to the width of the battery pack model.
Step 102: a ground model, i.e. an infinite horizontal ground rib tangential to the trolley hub, is built, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 7 and 8. Wherein reference numeral 1 in fig. 5 denotes an obstacle, and reference numeral 2 in fig. 5 and fig. 7 and 8 denotes a horizontal ground.
The method comprises the steps of building a RIGDWALL model simulating the ground surface through computer finite element analysis software, wherein the RIGDWALL model can be always kept above the plane in the collision process of a trolley for loading a battery pack and an obstacle, and the situation that the battery pack model flies freely under the condition of overlong calculation simulation time is avoided.
Step 103: setting the obstacle ball to fix, and the battery pack impacts rightwards.
Through computer finite element analysis software, bottom collision simulation analysis working conditions are designed: the method comprises the steps of setting a fixed constraint on an obstacle ball (namely an obstacle model), setting a certain initial speed of a given battery pack to impact the obstacle horizontally, wherein the working condition is that the battery pack at the bottom of an electric automobile on a model road encounters a certain obstacle in the driving process, and a collision accident occurs, so that the safety test analysis of the bottom structure of the battery pack is carried out through the working condition.
Step 104: and the bottom collision test of the simulated battery pack is realized.
Through computer finite element analysis software, after the analysis working condition is set, the simulation test model can be put into a server for calculation, so that a simulation analysis result under the working condition is obtained. The input data of the server is given that the speed of the battery pack impacting the obstacle can be any value of 5km/h,10km/h. By changing the input data, such as the collision velocity V, the simulation test model can still be applied, and the parameters of the simulation test model can be adjusted according to the actual situation, such as the mass parameter, the velocity parameter, etc. of the collision process.
In the practical application process, the invention adopts a finite element method (finite element method) to carry out simulation. The finite element method is a numerical technique for solving approximate solution of partial differential equation side value problem, when solving, decomposing the whole model area, each sub-area becomes a simple part, and through the variational method, the error function reaches the minimum value and produces stable solution. Therefore, when the bottom collision numerical simulation analysis of the battery pack is performed, the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model are subjected to grid division, a battery pack finite element model, a trolley finite element model and an obstacle finite element model are generated, a ground model with the height identical to the lowest point of the trolley is built, and as shown in fig. 5, a model for the whole simulation analysis is formed, and preparation is made for follow-up finite element solving.
In this simulation, it is also necessary to give a model equation for the battery pack material. The material model equation belongs to material parameter information of a battery pack model, namely stress-strain curves of the upper and lower shells, as shown in an example in fig. 2, and the material model of the battery pack model obtains the stress-strain curve of the steel material according to the material selected in the manufacturing process of the actual battery pack body so as to improve simulation accuracy. The stress-strain curve is material information measured through a special test, and is an inherent property of the material.
Based on the above description, for example, given a certain initial speed of the trolley model with the battery pack, such as 15Km/h, and a calculation time of 200ms, the whole process of collision of the bottom of the battery pack against the obstacle can be obtained, and the required parameters thereof can be extracted, such as: stress strain, intrusion, impact force, etc.
In the simulation analysis process of the working condition, as the finite element mesh division is carried out on the simulation model, the position of each node can be obtained from the initial position, and under the given collision working condition, the motion process of the trolley model with the battery pack in the collision obstacle can be calculated according to the following process:
assuming that the coordinate of a certain mass point at the initial moment in a fixed rectangular Cartesian coordinate system is X a (a=1, 2, 3), after a certain time t, the point at which the mass point moves into the same coordinate system is X i (i=1, 2, 3), the deformation can be represented by the coordinate X due to the lagrangian equation a And X i The equation with time t is expressed as:
X i ＝x i (X a ,t)。
wherein x is i (X a T) is the position coordinates of a point in the same coordinate system where the particle moves after a certain time t has elapsed.
At the initial time t=0, an initial state equation can be obtained as follows:
X a ＝x i (X a ,0)。
the initial velocity can be derived by deriving:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the initial speed +.>Is the derivative of the initial position coordinates.
According to conservation of momentum equationThe solution of the momentum equation that seeks to meet the boundary condition is:
σ ij n i ＝t i (t)。
where ρ is the current mass density, f i Is the force per unit mass of the volume,for particle acceleration, sigma ij Is cauchy stress, n i For border element->T is equal to the outer normal of (2) i And (t) is the contact force component at time t.
At the boundaryThe displacement boundary conditions are:
D i (t)＝x i (X a ,t)。
wherein D is i And (t) is a displacement boundary condition.
At the boundaryWhen x is i + ＝x i - Along the inner boundary->Is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the maximum value of Cauchy stress +.>Is the minimum value of Cauchy stress, x i + Is the maximum displacement value, x i - Is the displacement minimum.
According to the virtual work principle, the collision process is in a physical sense that the sum of internal force and external force acting on an object is equal to zero:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is acceleration component, delta is displacement component, v i Is the velocity component, t i Is the contact force component, V is the space occupied by the collision system at the current time, D ij Is a component of the deformation ratio tensor, b i As a volumetric force component, t i Is the contact force component.
The space domain V finite element of the collision system is discretized, and a virtual displacement field is added, so that the space domain V finite element can be converted into a second-order ordinary differential equation, which is as follows:
wherein M is a mass matrix, u is a node acceleration vector, F int Is the intra-node force vector, F ext Is a node external force vector, F c Is the contact force and the distributed force vector.
Based on the above description, the present invention also has the following advantages over the prior art:
1. the invention provides a simulation test method, which avoids a great deal of test cost.
2. According to the invention, the battery is packaged on the trolley for modeling test, the ground is established by using the rimidwall, so that the collision posture of the battery pack in the collision process is ensured to accord with the actual situation, and the problems of overlarge cost and the like caused by using the real vehicle in the test are solved.
3. The method provides a feasible scheme for dynamic safety simulation test of the bottom of the power battery pack of the electric automobile, and has a positive pushing effect on promoting green and healthy development of new energy.
Further, the power battery pack bottom collision simulation method provided by the invention is adopted to simulate the battery pack bottom collision. After the bottom of the battery pack is collided in the Z direction, the battery pack is extruded in the Z direction to be jacked up first to generate positive displacement, and the vehicle body is extruded and sunken by the battery pack to generate negative displacement first. A. The two monitoring points B continuously fluctuate in the collision process, after the collision extrusion is finished, as the plastic deformation stage is finished, the two monitoring points A, B are jacked up by the obstacle for a certain distance, as shown in fig. 11, the simulation method provided by the invention can better simulate the collision gesture between the bottom of the battery pack and the obstacle.
Further, the invention also provides the following implementation structure:
a power battery pack bottom collision simulation system is applied to the power battery pack bottom collision simulation method. The system comprises:
and the three-dimensional model building module is used for building a battery pack model, a trolley model and an obstacle model. The battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model are all three-dimensional models.
The simulation model generation module is used for building a ground model and forming a simulation test model based on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model.
And the simulation test module is used for carrying out a power battery pack bottom collision simulation test according to the set working condition information by adopting the simulation test model to obtain a simulation analysis result.
An electronic device, comprising:
and a memory for storing a computer program.
And the processor is connected with the memory and used for retrieving and executing the computer program so as to implement the power battery pack bottom collision simulation method.
Furthermore, the computer program in the above-described memory may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The power battery pack bottom collision simulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
constructing a battery pack model, a trolley model and an obstacle model; the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model are all three-dimensional models;
establishing a ground model, and forming a simulation test model based on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model;
and carrying out a power battery pack bottom collision simulation test according to the set working condition information by adopting the simulation test model to obtain a simulation analysis result.
2. The power cell pack bottom collision simulation method of claim 1, further comprising:
coupling the quality units of the battery pack model to obtain quality points;
and carrying out counterweight on the basis of the mass point so as to simulate the mass of the vehicle to be tested.
3. The power battery pack bottom collision simulation method according to claim 1, wherein a ground model is established, and a simulation test model is formed based on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model, specifically comprising:
and carrying out grid division on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model by adopting a finite element method to obtain a battery pack finite element model, a trolley finite element model and an obstacle finite element model, and establishing a ground model with the height consistent with the lowest point of the trolley so as to form the simulation test model.
4. The method for simulating the bottom collision of the power battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the simulation test model is adopted to perform the simulation test of the bottom collision of the power battery pack according to the set working condition information to obtain a simulation analysis result, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and solving the simulation test model by adopting a variational method to obtain the motion process of the trolley model with the battery pack when the trolley model impacts an obstacle.
5. The method for simulating the bottom collision of the power battery pack according to claim 1, before the simulation test is performed on the bottom collision of the power battery pack according to the set working condition information by using the simulation test model to obtain a simulation analysis result, further comprising:
giving a battery pack material model equation;
and determining a stress-strain curve of the selected material of the battery pack object in the manufacturing process based on the battery pack material model equation.
6. A power battery pack bottom collision simulation system, characterized by being applied to the power battery pack bottom collision simulation method according to any one of claims 1-5; the system comprises:
the three-dimensional model building module is used for building a battery pack model, a trolley model and an obstacle model; the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model are all three-dimensional models;
the simulation model generation module is used for establishing a ground model and forming a simulation test model based on the battery pack model, the trolley model and the obstacle model;
and the simulation test module is used for carrying out a power battery pack bottom collision simulation test according to the set working condition information by adopting the simulation test model to obtain a simulation analysis result.
7. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor, connected to the memory, for retrieving and executing the computer program to implement the power battery pack bottom collision simulation method according to any one of claims 1-5.
8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the memory is a computer-readable storage medium.
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| CN202310944628.6A CN116894369A (en) | 2023-07-31 | 2023-07-31 | Power battery pack bottom collision simulation method, system and electronic equipment |
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| CN202310944628.6A CN116894369A (en) | 2023-07-31 | 2023-07-31 | Power battery pack bottom collision simulation method, system and electronic equipment |
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