CN116892408A - Ventilation structure from inclined shaft to face - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a ventilation structure from an inclined shaft to a tunnel face, which relates to the field of equipment for tunnel construction and comprises a ventilation assembly; the ventilation assembly comprises a main air pipe and a plurality of branch pipelines, and the branch pipelines are fixedly connected to the main air pipe; an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the main air pipe, and each branch pipeline is communicated with one air outlet; a first fan is arranged at the air inlet of the main air pipe so as to drive external air flow into the main air pipe; and a second fan is arranged between the branch pipeline and the total air pipe so as to drive air flow in the total air pipe to enter the branch pipeline. The application has the effect of improving the air flow velocity in the tunnel.

Description

Ventilation structure from inclined shaft to face

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of equipment for tunnel construction, in particular to a ventilation structure from an inclined shaft to a tunnel face.

Background

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, when a tunnel 13 with a long mileage is built in a mountain area with a high altitude, if the tunnel 13 is built by tunneling from two ends of the tunnel 13 to the middle of the tunnel 13, the whole tunnel 13 is constructed with a long period, so that a plurality of first inclined wells 11 are usually excavated at the side of the tunnel 13, and tunneling is continued from the first inclined wells 11 to a preset position of the tunnel 13 to form a second inclined well 12, and then simultaneous construction is performed in multiple sections by tunneling from the second inclined wells 12 to two ends of the tunnel 13, which can effectively shorten the construction period.

When the operation scheme is adopted, the tunnel face 131 needs to be opened at two sides of the second section inclined shaft 12, the tunnel face 131 is usually opened by adopting a drilling and blasting method to form the tunnel 13, and when the tunnel 13 is opened by adopting the drilling and blasting method, a large amount of dust generated by the blasted part is diffused in the tunnel 13 to influence the air quality in the tunnel 13, so that the air in the tunnel 13 needs to be purified; during purification, the pipeline 14 is introduced into the second section inclined shaft 12 and the tunnel 13 from the port of the first section inclined shaft 11 far away from the tunnel 13, the air outlet port of the pipeline 14 faces the tunnel face 131, and then the air is blown into the pipeline 14 by a fan; in the process of continuously ventilating the tunnel 13 through the pipeline 14, the air flow in the tunnel 13 is discharged from the tunnel face 131 after sequentially passing through the tunnel 13, the second inclined shaft 12 and the first inclined shaft 11, so that dust in the tunnel 13 is discharged along with the air flow, and the air quality in the tunnel 13 is improved.

For the related art, referring to fig. 2, in order to introduce the outside air into the tunnel 13, the pipeline 14 is usually laid in the first inclined shaft 11, each pipeline 14 is led into the tunnel face 131 after passing through the second inclined shaft 12 and the tunnel 13, and a fan is placed at one end of each pipeline 14 away from the tunnel face 131, but for a construction site where a plurality of tunnel faces 131 are opened up simultaneously and the inclined shafts and the tunnel 13 are long in mileage, it is difficult to ensure that the air in each tunnel 13 can smoothly flow, so how to increase the flow speed of the air in the tunnel 13 is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the flow velocity of air in a tunnel, the application provides a ventilation structure from an inclined shaft to a tunnel face.

The application provides a ventilation structure from an inclined shaft to a tunnel face, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a ventilation structure from an inclined shaft to a face comprises a ventilation assembly;

the ventilation assembly comprises a main air pipe and a plurality of branch pipelines, and the branch pipelines are fixedly connected to the main air pipe;

an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the main air pipe, and each branch pipeline is communicated with one air outlet;

a first fan is arranged at the air inlet of the main air pipe so as to drive external air flow into the main air pipe;

and a second fan is arranged between the branch pipeline and the total air pipe so as to drive air flow in the total air pipe to enter the branch pipeline.

By adopting the technical scheme, the main air pipe is arranged in the inclined shaft, the branch pipelines are arranged in the tunnel, the first fan is used for introducing external air into the main air pipe, the second fan is used for introducing the air in the main air pipe into the branch pipelines, and the first fan and the second fan are used for carrying out secondary acceleration on the air entering the tunnel so as to improve the flowing speed of the air flow to the position of the tunnel face and the flowing speed of the air flow from the tunnel face to the outside of the tunnel; furthermore, if 6-10 tunnel faces are required to be opened up simultaneously, the total air pipe in the inclined shaft can supply air to the plurality of branch pipelines through the air outlet simultaneously, and compared with the prior art, 6-10 pipelines are not required to be arranged in the inclined shaft, so that the occupied area in the inclined shaft can be reduced, and people can walk in the inclined shaft conveniently.

Optionally, the device further comprises an oxygen supply assembly, wherein the oxygen supply assembly comprises an oxygen supply pipeline;

the oxygen supply pipeline is fixedly connected to the branch pipeline, and an air outlet port of the oxygen supply pipeline is communicated with the branch pipeline.

By adopting the technical scheme, because the oxygen in the high-altitude area is thin, the oxygen supply pipeline is communicated with the oxygen source, and oxygen is supplied to the branch pipelines to ensure that the oxygen flowing into the tunnel from the branch pipelines is sufficient; in addition, when the oxygen supply pipeline supplies oxygen to the branch pipelines, the process of flowing out oxygen from the oxygen supply pipeline can accelerate the flow speed of the airflow in the branch pipelines.

Optionally, the oxygen supply assembly further comprises a valve, and the valve is connected to the air outlet end of the oxygen supply pipeline to control the on-off of the oxygen supply pipeline.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, come the break-make of control oxygen supply pipeline through the valve to realize oxygen supply pipeline bisection pipeline intermittent type nature oxygen suppliment, can make the air current in the pipeline of dividing and the air current in the tunnel demonstrate the progressive trend of wave nature, this kind of air current can produce the shock to tunnel inner wall and strike, in order to reduce the dust adhesion in tunnel inner wall, it can be with the more thorough discharge of dust in the tunnel.

Optionally, the pressure relief assembly further comprises a pressure relief assembly, the pressure relief assembly comprises a flexible bag, an opening is formed in the flexible bag, the flexible bag is located on the outer side of the branch pipeline, and the flexible bag is fixedly connected to the branch pipeline through the edge of the opening;

the branch pipeline is provided with a pressure relief opening on the pipe wall, and the pressure relief opening is positioned at the inner side of the opening so as to communicate the branch pipeline with the flexible bag through the opening and the pressure relief opening;

the air outlet port of the oxygen supply pipeline faces to the pressure relief opening.

By adopting the technical scheme, in the high-altitude area, because the air pressure is low, if oxygen is directly introduced into the pipe, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of a local section of the pipeline is possibly overlarge, so that when the oxygen supply pipeline supplies oxygen, the flexible bag outside the pressure relief opening can buffer the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the pipeline to a certain extent, and the impact of instantaneous air flow on the pipeline is reduced; furthermore, because the flexible bag is positioned at the outer side of the branch pipeline, namely the flexible bag is positioned in the tunnel, the flexible bag can disturb the air flow in the tunnel in the opening moment, and the air flow in the tunnel is prevented from being excessively gentle so that dust is adhered to the inner wall of the tunnel.

Optionally, the pressure relief assembly further includes a limiting member and a first elastic member, where the limiting member is located at an outer side of the branch pipe, and the limiting member is elastically hinged to the branch pipe through the first elastic member, and in a process that the first elastic member returns to a normal state from a deformed posture, the first elastic member has a force for driving the limiting member to rotate toward one side of the branch pipe;

the flexible bag is positioned between the limiting piece and the branch pipeline.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the oxygen supply assembly supplies oxygen to the pressure relief opening, the flexible bag is changed into an expansion state and pushes the limiting piece to rotate towards one side far away from the pressure relief opening; when the oxygen supply assembly stops supplying oxygen to the pressure relief opening, the limiting piece can rotate towards one side of the pressure relief opening under the drive of the first elastic piece so as to press the flexible bag on the outer wall of the branch pipeline; through setting up locating part and first elastic component, can drive the locating part motion through first elastic component, the air current with in the flexible bag backward flow to in the branch pipeline with higher speed.

Optionally, the outer wall of the branch pipeline is fixedly connected with a guide plate, and the limiting piece is positioned between the two guide plates; when the flexible bag is in an expansion state, a containing cavity is formed among the limiting piece, the outer wall of the branch pipeline and the two guide plates, and the containing cavity is used for containing the flexible bag; the accommodating cavity is in an open state at one side of the pressure relief opening, which is far away from the main pipeline, so that the flexible bag can be flushed out.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, leave spacedly at holding the cavity, and hold the inner wall constitution of cavity and including being in charge of the pipeline outer wall, can make the flexible bag laminating be in charge of the pipeline outer wall and come directional expansion, it leads the expansion process of flexible bag through deflector, locating part, can reduce the flexible bag and transversely invade in the tunnel and occupy too much position.

Optionally, be connected with the butt piece in branch pipeline outer wall fixedly, the locating part is located the deflector is kept away from when the one end of branch pipeline, the locating part keep away from one side of branch pipeline with the butt piece contact.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when locating part orientation was kept away from one side of dividing the pipeline and is rotated, carry out spacingly to the locating part by the butt piece, can avoid the unlimited orientation of locating part to keep away from one side of dividing the pipeline and rotate to reduce the condition emergence with first elastic component damage.

Optionally, the system further comprises an accelerating fan and a driving device, wherein the accelerating fan is positioned outside the branch pipeline and comprises a fan shell, a fan shaft and blades;

the fan shell is fixedly connected to the branch pipeline or the tunnel, the fan shaft is rotatably connected to the fan shell, and the blades are fixedly connected to the fan shaft;

the driving device is used for driving the fan shaft to rotate along the fan shell.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when installing the blade for the direction of blowing of blade is the direction from the face to the tunnel outside, consequently, for accelerating the fan provides power by drive arrangement, in order to accelerate the air current in the tunnel to outside flow by accelerating the fan.

Optionally, the driving device comprises a sliding piece, a second elastic piece, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a transmission assembly;

the sliding piece is connected to the branch pipeline in a sliding manner along the length direction of the branch pipeline; the second elastic piece is fixedly connected between the sliding piece and the branch pipeline;

the sliding piece moves towards the air supply direction of the branch pipeline under the driving of the first external force;

the sliding piece moves towards the direction opposite to the air supply direction of the branch pipeline under the driving of the second external force;

the first external force provides thrust generated when the flexible bag is punched out of the opening of the accommodating chamber;

the second external force provides force for the second elastic piece, wherein the force is generated by the fact that the second elastic piece returns to a normal state from a deformed state;

the first connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the branch pipeline along the length direction of the pipe perpendicular to the branch pipeline;

one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the sliding piece, and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second connecting rod; the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the first connecting shaft, so that the second connecting rod drives the first connecting rod to rotate along the first connecting shaft in the process that the sliding piece slides along the branch pipeline;

the transmission assembly is connected between the second connecting rod and the fan shaft, so that the fan shaft is driven to rotate along the fan shell by the force generated when the second connecting rod rotates along the branch pipeline.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the sliding piece moves towards one side far away from the main pipeline under the pushing of the flexible bag, the hinge point of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is pushed by the first connecting rod, and the sliding piece moves from one side of the first connecting shaft close to the sliding piece to one side of the first connecting shaft far away from the sliding piece; when the sliding piece moves towards one side close to the main pipeline under the pushing of the first elastic piece, the hinge point of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is pushed by the first connecting rod, and the sliding piece moves from one side of the first connecting shaft away from the sliding piece to one side of the first connecting shaft close to the sliding piece; the second connecting rod is rotated along the first connecting shaft, so that the linear reciprocating motion of the sliding piece can be converted into a rotary driving mode, the accelerating fan is driven to operate, the accelerating fan does not need to be additionally provided with power, and the accelerating fan can be driven to move while oxygen is supplied to the branch pipelines.

Optionally, the device also comprises a ratchet wheel and a pawl; the ratchet wheel is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod, and the axis of the ratchet wheel is coincident with the rotation axis of the second connecting rod along the first connecting shaft; the pawl is elastically hinged to the first connecting shaft, and the pawl is meshed with the ratchet wheel.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the ratchet rotates along with the second connecting rod, the pawl can restrict the rotation direction of ratchet to ensure that the ratchet is unidirectional rotation, thereby can make fan axle take the moving blade to rotate along the same direction all the time, in order to ensure that the fan keeps the direction of air current by the face to the tunnel outside in the tunnel with higher speed.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the first fan and the second fan are arranged to accelerate the air entering the tunnel secondarily, so that the flowing speed of the air flow to the tunnel face and the flowing speed of the air flow from the tunnel face to the outside of the tunnel are improved;

2. further accelerating the flow of the gas stream by providing a feeding assembly;

3. the flow of the air flow is further accelerated by providing an accelerating fan.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first view of a background art according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a second view angle of the background art according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a ventilation structure in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the ventilation structure in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an oxygen supply assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pressure relief assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the first link and the second link in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the ratchet and pawl arrangement in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the transmission assembly of an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an accelerating fan according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate: 11. a first section of inclined shaft; 12. a second section of inclined shaft; 13. a tunnel; 131. a tunnel face; 14. a pipe; 2. a ventilation assembly; 21. a total air duct; 211. a support leg; 212. a first channel; 213. an air inlet; 214. an air outlet; 215. a first fan; 22. an air inlet pipe; 23. dividing the pipeline; 231. a second channel; 232. a second fan; 233. a pressure relief port; 3. an oxygen supply assembly; 31. an oxygen supply pipe; 311. a split oxygen supply pipe; 32. a valve; 4. a pressure relief assembly; 41. a flexible bag; 411. an opening; 42. a limiting piece; 43. a first elastic member; 44. a hinge base; 45. a guide plate; 451. a housing chamber; 46. an abutment block; 5. a driving device; 51. a slider; 52. a second elastic member; 53. a first link; 54. a second link; 541. a rotation hole; 542. a ratchet wheel; 543. a pawl; 55. a transmission assembly; 551. a first gear; 552. a second gear; 523. a first bevel gear; 524. a second bevel gear; 56. a mounting block; 57. a first mount; 571. a first connecting shaft; 58. a second mounting base; 581. a second connecting shaft; 6. accelerating a fan; 61. a connecting seat; 62. a fan housing; 63. a fan shaft; 64. a blade; 65. a fan frame.

Detailed Description

The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 3-12.

The embodiment of the application discloses a ventilation structure from an inclined shaft to a tunnel face. Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the ventilation structure from the inclined shaft to the face comprises a ventilation assembly 2, an oxygen supply assembly 3, a pressure relief assembly 4, a driving device 5 and an accelerating fan 6; the ventilation assembly 2 is used for conveying external air into the tunnel 13, the oxygen supply assembly 3 is used for supplying oxygen into the tunnel 13, the pressure relief assembly 4 is matched with the oxygen supply assembly 3 to provide power for the driving device 5, and meanwhile, the driving device 5 is used as a power source of the accelerating fan 6 to drive the accelerating fan 6 to operate so as to accelerate and discharge air in the tunnel 13 to the outside.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the ventilation assembly 2 includes a main air duct 21, an air inlet duct 22, and a plurality of sub-ducts 23; the main air pipe 21 is positioned in the second section inclined shaft 12 and is horizontally arranged, a plurality of vertically arranged supporting legs 211 are welded on the bottom wall of the main air pipe 21, and the main air pipe 21 is jacked up by the plurality of supporting legs 211, so that a first channel 212 is formed between the bottom wall of the main air pipe 21 and the bottom wall of the second section inclined shaft 12; an air inlet 213 is formed at one end of the main air duct 21 near the first inclined shaft 11, and a plurality of air outlets 214 are formed on the wall of the main air duct 22, in this embodiment, two air inlets 213 are formed at the end wall of the main air duct 21.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the air inlet pipe 22 is located in the first inclined shaft 11, in this embodiment, two air inlet pipes 22 are provided, one end of the air inlet pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the main air pipe 21 and is communicated with the air inlet 213, the other end extends to one end of the first inclined shaft 11 far away from the second inclined shaft 12, a first fan 215 is provided at a port of the air inlet pipe 22 far away from the main air pipe 21, and the first fan 215 is used for conveying external air into the air inlet pipe 22.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the branch pipes 23 are located in the tunnels 13, the branch pipes 23 are cylindrical pipes 14, the branch pipes 23 are fixedly connected to the top wall of the tunnels 13 through anchor bolts, a second channel 231 is formed between the outer wall of the branch pipe 23 and the inner wall of the tunnels 13, one end of each branch pipe 23 extends to the face 131 of each tunnel 13, and the other end of each branch pipe 23 is connected to the air outlet 214 of the total air pipe 21; a second fan 232 is arranged between the air inlet end of the branch pipeline 23 and the air outlet 214 of the main air pipe 21, the second fan 232 is fixed between the branch pipeline 23 and the main air pipe 21, the air inlet end of the second fan 232 is communicated with the air outlet 214 of the main air pipe 21, and the air outlet end of the second fan 232 is communicated with the air inlet end of the branch pipeline 23 so that the second fan 232 can accelerate the air flow in the main air pipe 21 to blow into the branch pipeline 23.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, oxygen supply assembly 3 includes oxygen supply pipe 311 and valve 32; an oxygen supply member is arranged outside the first section inclined shaft 11, one end of an oxygen supply pipeline 311 is communicated with the oxygen supply member, so that the oxygen supply member supplies oxygen to the oxygen supply pipeline 311, and the other end extends to the tunnel face 131 and is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the air inlet pipe 22, the main pipeline 14 and the branch pipelines 23 in sequence; the oxygen supply pipe 311 is fixedly connected with a plurality of branch oxygen supply pipes 311, the branch oxygen supply pipes 311 penetrate through the branch pipelines 23 and extend into the branch pipelines 23 so as to supply oxygen to different positions in the branch pipelines 23 through the plurality of branch oxygen supply pipes 311, the valve 32 is positioned in the branch pipelines, and the valve 32 is fixedly connected to an air outlet port of the branch oxygen supply pipes 311 so as to control the on-off of the branch oxygen supply pipes 311 through the valve 32.

Referring to fig. 6, a plurality of pressure relief openings 233 are formed in the peripheral wall of the branch pipe 23, the pressure relief assembly 4 is located at the pressure relief openings 233, and the air outlet of the branch oxygen supply pipe 311 faces the pressure relief openings 233, so that oxygen is supplied to the pressure relief assembly 4 by the branch oxygen supply pipe 311.

Referring to fig. 6, the pressure relief assembly 4 includes a flexible bag 41, a stopper 42, and a first elastic member 43; the flexible bag 41 is positioned outside the branch pipeline 23 and is of a ductile bag-like structure; an opening 411 is formed in the flexible bag 41, the edge of the flexible bag 41 at the opening 411 is fixedly connected to the peripheral wall of the branch pipe 23 through glue and screws, and each pressure relief opening 233 is located inside one opening 411 of the flexible bag 41, so that the flexible bag 41 and the branch pipe 23 are communicated through the pressure relief opening 233 and the opening 411 of the flexible bag 41.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a hinge seat 44 is welded on the outer wall of the branch pipe 23 at the periphery of the pressure relief opening 233, specifically, the hinge seat 44 is located at one side of the pressure relief opening 233 close to the main air pipe 21, and the limiting piece 42 is hinged to the hinge seat 44 through a hinge shaft; the first elastic piece 43 is a torsion spring, the first elastic piece 43 is sleeved on the hinge shaft, one end of the first elastic piece 43 is welded on the limiting seat, and the other end of the first elastic piece 43 is welded on the hinge seat 44, so that elastic hinge between the limiting piece 42 and the hinge seat 44 is realized by the first elastic piece 43; the first elastic member 43 has a force to drive the stopper 42 to rotate toward the pressure release opening 233 in a deformed state.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the stopper 42 functions as: when the oxygen supply of the branch oxygen supply pipe 311 to the branch pipeline 23 is stopped, the air flow in the branch pipeline 23 is mainly blown into the branch pipeline 23 by the first fan 215 and the second fan 232, and in this state, the first elastic piece 43 is in a small deformation state, so that the limiting piece 42 extrudes the flexible bag 41 to the outer wall of the branch pipeline 23 under the action of the first elastic piece 43, and the flexible bag 41 is in a shrunken state; when oxygen is supplied to the pressure relief opening 233 from the oxygen distribution pipe 311, air flows into the flexible bag 41, at this time, the flexible bag 41 is changed from a collapsed state to an expanded state due to the increase of the instantaneous pressure at the opening 411 of the flexible bag 41, and in this process, the flexible bag 41 pushes the limiting member 42 toward the side away from the pressure relief opening 233, and at the same time, the deformation amount of the first elastic member 43 is gradually increased; in order to further increase the instantaneous pressure during oxygen supply, a high-pressure nozzle may be installed at the port of the oxygen distribution pipe 311; when oxygen supply to the pressure relief opening 233 is stopped, the air flow in the flexible bag 41 gradually flows back into the branch pipeline 23, and the limiting piece 42 is driven to move to the pressure relief opening 233 by the force generated when the first elastic piece 43 recovers deformation, so that the air in the flexible bag 41 can be accelerated to flow back into the branch pipeline 23.

Referring to fig. 6, in this embodiment, the flexible bag 41 also has the function of providing a power source for the driving device 5, in order to make the flexible bag 41 expand toward one end of the branch pipe 23 far away from the main air pipe 21, the outside of the branch pipe 23 is welded with a guide plate 45, two sides of the flexible bag 41 in the length direction of the branch pipe 23 are respectively provided with a guide plate 45, the limiting piece 42 is located between the two guide plates 45, and two sides of the limiting piece 42 are respectively attached to one guide plate 45; in the expanded state, the flexible bag 41 forms a containing chamber 451 between the outer wall of the branch pipeline 23, the side wall of the limiting piece 42 close to one side of the branch pipeline 23 and the side wall of the two guide plates 45 close to each other, and the containing chamber 451 is in an open state at one side of the pressure relief opening 233 away from the main air pipe 21, so that the flexible bag 41 in the expanded state can be flushed out from the opening of the containing chamber 451; to facilitate the flushing of the flexible bag 41 out of the receiving chamber 451, the flexible bag 41 may preferably be an elongated bag.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, further, in order to prevent the stopper 42 from rotating out from between the two guide plates 45 during the rotation of the stopper 42 toward the side away from the pressure relief opening 233, an abutment block 46 is provided on the side of the stopper 42 away from the pressure relief opening 233, the abutment block 46 is welded to the outer wall of the branch pipe 23, and when the stopper 42 abuts against the abutment block 46, the stopper 42 is located at one end of the guide plate 45 away from the pressure relief opening 233.

Referring to fig. 8, the driving device 5 includes a slider 51, a second elastic member 52, a first link 53, a second link 54, and a transmission assembly 55; in this embodiment, the sliding member 51 is in a ring shape, the sliding member 51 is coaxially sleeved on the peripheral wall of the branch pipe 23, and can be slidably connected to the branch pipe 23 along the pipe length direction of the branch pipe 23, and the sliding member 51 is located at one side of the flexible bag 41 away from the main air pipe 21; the second elastic member 52, the first link 53, the second link 54, and the transmission assembly 55 are all located on a side of the slider 51 remote from the flexible bag 41.

Referring to fig. 8, in order to facilitate the installation of the second elastic member 52 to the branch pipe 23, an installation block 56 is welded to the outer wall of the branch pipe 23, the second elastic member 52 is a compression spring, one end of the second elastic member 52 is welded to the installation block 56, the other end is welded to the slider 51, and the second elastic member 52 is located at a side of the slider 51 away from the flexible bag 41.

Referring to fig. 8, the slider 51 is capable of moving toward the blowing direction of the sub duct 23 by the driving of the first external force, wherein the blowing direction of the sub duct 23 is toward the side of the flexible bag 41 away from the main duct 21;

the slider 51 is movable in a direction opposite to the direction in which the branch duct 23 blows air under the drive of the second external force;

the first external force provides a pushing force generated when the flexible bag 41 is pushed out of the accommodating chamber 451;

the second external force provides a force generated by the second elastic member 52 returning from the deformed state to the normal state;

thus, the sliding principle of the sliding member 51 along the branch pipe 23 is as follows: in the collapsed condition of the flexible bag 41, the second elastic member 52 is in a normal condition; in the process of converting the flexible bag 41 from the collapsed state to the expanded state, the flexible bag 41 is punched out from the opening of the accommodating chamber 451 and generates a pushing force to the slider 51 so that the slider 51 moves in the air blowing direction of the branch duct 23, and the second elastic member 52 is gradually compressed to deform as the slider 51 moves; when the oxygen supply to the flexible bag 41 is stopped, the air pressure in the flexible bag 41 gradually decreases, the second elastic member 52 gradually returns from the deformed state to the compressed state in the process of gradually losing the external force provided by the flexible bag 41, and the force generated when the second elastic member 52 returns to the deformed state pushes the sliding member 51 to move in the direction opposite to the air supply direction of the branch pipe 23.

Referring to fig. 8, in order to facilitate connection of the first link 53 and the second link 54 to the slider 51, an L-shaped first mount 57 is welded to the outer wall of the branch pipe 23, a first connection shaft 571 is rotatably connected to the first mount 57, the first connection shaft 571 is fixedly connected to the first mount 57, and the axis of the first connection shaft 571 is perpendicular to the pipe length of the branch pipe 23.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, a link structure is formed between a first link 53 and a second link 54, and the first link 53 is hinged to the slider 51 at one end and to the end of the second link 54 at the other end; one end of the second connecting rod 54 is hinged with the first connecting rod 53, the other end of the second connecting rod 54 is provided with a rotating hole 541, the first connecting shaft 571 is coaxially located in the rotating hole 541, the second connecting rod 54 is coaxially welded with a ratchet wheel 542 in the rotating hole 541, teeth of the ratchet wheel 542 in this embodiment are located in an inner ring of the ratchet wheel 542, a pawl 543 is hinged on the outer wall of the first connecting shaft 571 through a torsion spring, the pawl 543 is elastically hinged on the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting shaft 571 through the torsion spring and a rotating shaft, and the pawl 543 is meshed with the ratchet wheel 542 to realize unidirectional rotation of the second connecting rod 54 along the first connecting shaft 571. The ratchet and pawl structure is adopted in this embodiment to realize unidirectional rotation of the second link 54 along the first connection shaft 571, however, other structures may be adopted in other embodiments to realize unidirectional rotation of the second link 54 along the first connection shaft 571.

Referring to fig. 11, the transmission assembly 55 includes a first gear 551, a second gear 552, a first bevel gear 523, and a second bevel gear 524, the number of teeth and the outer diameter of the first gear 551 are both larger than the outer diameter of the second gear 552, and the first gear 551 is coaxially rotatably coupled to the first coupling shaft 571 by a bearing; the first gear 551 is fixedly connected with the second link 54, and the rotation hole 541 on the second link 54 is coaxially disposed with the first gear 551, so that the first gear 551 rotates in one direction along the first connection shaft 571 in synchronization with the second link 54.

Referring to fig. 11, in order to facilitate the installation of the second gear 552, a second mounting seat 58 is welded to the outer circumferential wall of the branch pipe 23, a second connection shaft 581 is welded to the second mounting seat 58, the second connection shaft 581 is disposed parallel to the first connection shaft 571, the second gear 552 is coaxially rotatably connected to the second connection shaft 581, and the second gear 552 is engaged with the first gear 551.

Referring to fig. 11, a first bevel gear 523 is coaxially and fixedly coupled to a second gear 552 to rotate with a second bevel gear 524, the second bevel gear 524 is engaged with the first bevel gear 523, and the second bevel gear 524 is coupled to the booster fan 6.

Referring to fig. 12, the booster fan 6 includes a connection base 61, a fan housing 62, a fan shaft 63, and blades 64; the connecting seat 61 is welded on the outer wall of the branch pipeline 23, the fan shell 62 is in a circular ring shape, the axis of the fan shell 62 is parallel to the branch pipeline 23, a fan frame 65 is welded on the end part of the inner wall of the fan shell 62, the fan shaft 63 is rotationally connected to the fan frame 65, the blades 64 are axial flow impellers, and the blades 64 are welded on the fan shaft 63, so that the fan shaft 63 and the blades 64 form an axial flow fan to drive airflow in the tunnel 13 to flow; when the accelerator fan 6 is installed, it is necessary to ensure that the wind direction of the accelerator fan 6 blows from the tunnel surface 131 to the main air duct 21 side to accelerate the discharge of the air in the tunnel 13.

The implementation principle of the ventilation structure from the inclined shaft to the face surface of the embodiment of the application is as follows: after the ventilation structure is installed in place, the first fan 215 and the second fan 232 convey the external air flow into the branch pipeline 23, and then the oxygen supply assembly 3 supplies oxygen intermittently into the branch pipeline 23, so that the oxygen in the tunnel 13 can be used for breathing by operators under the condition of high altitude; oxygen and air flow provided from the outside flow from the branch pipeline 23 to the tunnel face 131, then flow from the tunnel face 131 into the second-stage inclined shaft 12 and the first-stage inclined shaft 11 in the tunnel 13, and finally be discharged to the outside from one end of the first-stage inclined shaft 11 far from the second-stage inclined shaft 12; in the process of flowing the air flow from the tunnel 13 to the first inclined shaft 11, dust generated after the face 131 is blasted flows along with the air flow to the outside, so as to reduce the dust amount in the tunnel 13.

When the air flow in the tunnel 13 flows from the tunnel face 131 to the first inclined shaft 11, the air flow is accelerated by the accelerating fan 6, and the power of the accelerating fan 6 is provided by the power generated by intermittent oxygen supply of the oxygen supply assembly 3 to the pressure relief assembly 4.

When the oxygen supply assembly 3 supplies oxygen to the pressure relief assembly 4, the flexible bag 41 is changed from a collapsed state to an expanded state, and the sliding piece 51 is pushed to move towards the side far away from the main air pipe 21; when the oxygen supply assembly 3 stops supplying oxygen to the pressure relief assembly 4, the flexible bag 41 is changed from an expansion state to a shrinkage state, and the second elastic piece 52 drives the sliding piece 51 to move towards one side of the main air pipe 21 in the process of recovering deformation; thus, intermittent oxygen supply to the oxygen supply module 3 allows the slider 51 to slide back and forth along the main duct 21.

When the sliding piece 51 slides towards the side far from the main air pipe 21, the hinge point of the first connecting rod 53 and the second connecting rod 54 makes circular arc rotation from the side of the first connecting shaft 571 close to the main air pipe 21 towards the side far from the main air pipe 21; when the sliding piece 51 slides towards the side close to the main air pipe 21, the hinge point of the first connecting rod 53 and the second connecting rod 54 is rotated in an arc way from the first connecting shaft 571 to the side close to the main air pipe 21, so that the second connecting rod 54 rotates along the first connecting shaft 571; in this process, the second link 54 can rotate unidirectionally along the first connection shaft 571 due to the ratchet 542 and the pawl 543, the first gear 551 fixed to the second link 54 rotates unidirectionally along with the second link 54, and further, the second gear 552, the first bevel gear 523 and the second bevel gear 524 rotate along with the first gear 551 through the meshed connection relationship; the second bevel gear 524 rotates to drive the fan shaft 63 to rotate, and the blades 64 fixed on the fan shaft 63 rotate along with the fan shaft 63 to accelerate and discharge the air in the tunnel 13 to the outside of the first inclined shaft 11.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.

Claims (10)

1. A ventilation structure from an inclined shaft to a face is characterized by comprising a ventilation assembly (2);

the ventilation assembly (2) comprises a total air pipe (21) and a plurality of branch pipelines (23), and the branch pipelines (23) are fixedly connected to the total air pipe (21);

an air inlet (213) and an air outlet (214) are formed in the main air pipe (21), and each branch pipe (23) is communicated with one air outlet (214);

a first fan (215) is arranged at an air inlet (213) of the main air pipe (21) so as to drive external air flow into the main air pipe (21);

a second fan (232) is arranged between the branch pipeline (23) and the main air pipe (21) so as to drive the air flow in the main air pipe (21) to enter the branch pipeline (23).

2. A inclined shaft to face ventilation structure according to claim 1, further comprising an oxygen supply assembly (3), the oxygen supply assembly (3) comprising an oxygen supply conduit (31);

the oxygen supply pipeline (31) is fixedly connected to the branch pipeline (23), and an air outlet port of the oxygen supply pipeline (31) is communicated with the branch pipeline (23).

3. The ventilation structure from the inclined shaft to the face according to claim 2, wherein the oxygen supply assembly (3) further comprises a valve (32), and the valve (32) is connected to the air outlet end of the oxygen supply pipeline (31) to control the on-off state of the oxygen supply pipeline (31).

4. A ventilation structure from a deviated well to a face according to claim 3, further comprising a pressure relief assembly (4), wherein the pressure relief assembly (4) comprises a flexible bag (41), an opening (411) is formed in the flexible bag (41), the flexible bag (41) is located at the outer side of the sub-pipeline (23), and the flexible bag (41) is fixedly connected to the sub-pipeline (23) through the edge of the opening (411);

the branch pipeline (23) is provided with a pressure relief opening (233) on the pipe wall, and the pressure relief opening (233) is positioned at the inner side of the opening (411) so as to communicate the branch pipeline (23) with the flexible bag (41) through the opening (411) and the pressure relief opening (233);

the air outlet of the oxygen supply pipeline (31) faces to the pressure relief opening (233).

5. The ventilation structure from a deviated well to a face according to claim 4, wherein the pressure relief assembly (4) further comprises a limiting member (42) and a first elastic member (43), the limiting member (42) is located outside the branch pipe (23), the limiting member (42) is elastically hinged to the branch pipe (23) through the first elastic member (43), and in the process of restoring the first elastic member (43) from a deformed posture to a normal state, the force for driving the limiting member (42) to rotate towards one side of the branch pipe (23) is provided;

the flexible bag (41) is located between the limiting member (42) and the branch pipe (23).

6. The ventilation structure from the inclined shaft to the tunnel face according to claim 5, wherein a guide plate (45) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the branch pipe (23), and the limiting piece (42) is located between the two guide plates (45); when the flexible bag (41) is in an expanded state, a containing cavity (451) is formed among the limiting piece (42), the outer wall of the branch pipeline (23) and the two guide plates (45), and the containing cavity (451) is used for containing the flexible bag (41); the accommodating chamber (451) is opened at the side of the pressure relief opening (233) away from the main pipeline for flushing the flexible bag (41).

7. The ventilation structure from the inclined shaft to the tunnel face according to claim 6, wherein an abutting block (46) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the branch pipe (23), and the limiting piece (42) is in contact with the abutting block (46) when the limiting piece (42) is located at one end of the guide plate (45) away from the branch pipe (23), and the side of the limiting piece (42) away from the branch pipe (23).

8. A inclined shaft to face ventilation structure according to any one of claims 6-7, further comprising an accelerating fan (6) and a driving device (5), said accelerating fan (6) being located outside said branch pipe (23), said accelerating fan (6) comprising a fan housing (62), a fan shaft (63) and blades (64);

the fan housing (62) is fixedly connected to the branch pipeline (23) or the tunnel (13), the fan shaft (63) is rotatably connected to the fan housing (62), and the blades (64) are fixedly connected to the fan shaft (63);

the driving device (5) is used for driving the fan shaft (63) to rotate along the fan shell (62).

9. A ventilation structure from a deviated well to a face according to claim 8 wherein the driving means (5) comprises a slider (51), a second elastic member (52), a first link (53), a second link (54) and a transmission assembly (55);

the sliding piece (51) is connected to the branch pipeline (23) in a sliding manner along the pipe length direction of the branch pipeline (23); the second elastic piece (52) is fixedly connected between the sliding piece (51) and the branch pipeline (23);

the sliding piece (51) moves towards the air supply direction of the branch pipeline (23) under the drive of a first external force;

the sliding piece (51) moves towards the direction opposite to the air supply direction of the branch pipeline (23) under the driving of a second external force;

the first external force provides a pushing force generated when the flexible bag (41) is punched out from the opening of the accommodating chamber (451);

the second external force provides a force generated by the second elastic piece (52) returning to a normal state from a deformed state;

a first connecting shaft (571) is fixedly connected to the branch pipeline (23) along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the branch pipeline (23);

one end of the first connecting rod (53) is hinged to the sliding piece (51), and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second connecting rod (54); the other end of the second connecting rod (54) is hinged to the first connecting shaft (571), so that the second connecting rod (54) drives the first connecting rod (53) to rotate along the first connecting shaft (571) in the process that the sliding piece (51) slides along the branch pipeline (23);

the transmission assembly (55) is connected between the second connecting rod (54) and the fan shaft (63) so as to drive the fan shaft (63) to rotate along the fan shell (62) through the force generated when the second connecting rod (54) rotates along the branch pipeline (23).

10. The inclined shaft-to-face ventilation structure of claim 9, further comprising a ratchet (542) and pawl (543); the ratchet wheel (542) is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod (54), and the axis of the ratchet wheel (542) coincides with the rotation axis of the second connecting rod (54) along the first connecting shaft (571); the pawl (543) is elastically hinged to the first connecting shaft (571), and the pawl (543) is engaged with the ratchet gear (542).