CN116892045B - Built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system and pre-baking type electrolytic tank - Google Patents
Built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system and pre-baking type electrolytic tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN116892045B CN116892045B CN202310975326.5A CN202310975326A CN116892045B CN 116892045 B CN116892045 B CN 116892045B CN 202310975326 A CN202310975326 A CN 202310975326A CN 116892045 B CN116892045 B CN 116892045B
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 56
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/20—Automatic control or regulation of cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a built-in prebaked cell waste heat recovery system and a prebaked cell, wherein the cell comprises a cell wall, a supporting structure and a flue wall, the interior of the cell wall is hollow, and the system comprises a heat exchange main runner, a plurality of heat exchange sub-runners and a conveying main runner which are built in the cell wall; the inlet of the heat exchange main runner is used for receiving the cooling medium, the outlet of the conveying main runner is used for discharging the cooling medium, the heat exchange main runner is communicated with the inlet of at least one heat exchange sub runner, and the outlets of the plurality of heat exchange sub runners are communicated with the conveying main runner; the at least one heat exchange sub-flow channel comprises a first section and/or a second section, wherein the first section and the heat exchange main flow channel are positioned on the same side in the groove wall, and the second section is positioned on other sides in the groove wall; wherein the first section and the second section are in communication. The waste heat recovery system provided by the invention realizes the integral heat recovery and utilization of the flue wall and the groove wall of the electrolytic tank, and simultaneously avoids adverse effects on the installation and operation of the electrolytic tank.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery of electrolytic cells, in particular to a built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system and a pre-baking electrolytic cell.
Background
In recent years, aluminum electrolysis products in China continue to grow rapidly, and the annual aluminum electrolysis productivity in China reaches more than three thousand tons at present. The aluminum products are mostly produced by adopting an electrolytic method, and the pre-baking electrolytic method has become the mainstream technology of the electrolytic aluminum industry by virtue of the advantages of low energy consumption, high yield, high quality and the like. The power consumption in the electrolytic aluminum industry is about 5% of the national power generation amount, and belongs to the high-energy-consumption smelting industry. The electrolytic aluminum production process requires that the electrochemical reaction must be carried out at uniform and stable working temperature, the temperature in the electrolytic tank can reach 950-970 ℃ during production, and about half of electricity consumption is dissipated in the form of heat energy.
In the production process, part of radiant heat is taken away by the flue gas at the top of the electrolytic tank, the temperature of the tank wall of the electrolytic tank is generally kept at 300-350 ℃, heat is dissipated to a workshop in a radiation and natural convection mode, a large amount of dissipated heat not only causes huge electric energy loss, but also causes that the temperature of an aisle area between the electrolytic tanks is often more than 60 ℃ in summer, the working environment of workers is extremely severe, and severe heat injury is formed.
At present, only a few electrolytic aluminum enterprises recycle the waste heat of the flue gas in the electrolytic aluminum production process, and the utilization mode is mainly heat utilization. A few targeted measures for the wall of the aluminum electrolysis cell are generally to carry out heat dissipation treatment, and no application example exists for the waste heat recovery and utilization of the wall of the aluminum electrolysis cell. In the heat dissipation treatment process of the tank wall, a heat exchanger is usually arranged on the tank wall, and the circulating flow of the water fluid in the heat exchanger is utilized to bring out the electrolytic tank, so that the heat dissipation purpose is achieved. The external heat exchanger has adverse effects on the installation and operation of the aluminum electrolysis cell, and the problem of heat damage is still quite remarkable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system, so as to realize the heat recovery and utilization of the flue wall and the tank wall of the electrolytic tank as a whole, and avoid adverse effects on the installation and operation of the electrolytic tank. The second object of the present invention is to provide a prebaked cell.
The invention provides a built-in prebaked tank waste heat recovery system, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system is applied to an electrolytic tank, the electrolytic tank comprises a tank wall, a supporting structure and a flue wall, the tank wall is hollow, and the system comprises a heat exchange main runner, a plurality of heat exchange sub-runners and a conveying main runner, wherein the heat exchange main runner is arranged in the tank wall; wherein,
the inlet of the heat exchange main runner is used for receiving cooling medium, the outlet of the conveying main runner is used for discharging the cooling medium, the heat exchange main runner is communicated with the inlet of at least one heat exchange sub runner, and the outlets of a plurality of heat exchange sub runners are communicated with the conveying main runner; wherein,
at least one heat exchange sub-flow passage comprises a first section and/or a second section, wherein the first section and the heat exchange main flow passage are positioned on the same side in the groove wall, and the second section is positioned on other sides in the groove wall; wherein the first section and the second section are in communication;
At least a part of the cooling medium entering the heat exchange main runner through an inlet of the heat exchange main runner reaches one side groove wall of the electrolytic tank, and the rest of the cooling medium entering the heat exchange sub runner through the heat exchange main runner reaches the one side groove wall and/or other side groove walls of the electrolytic tank and then flows out of the electrolytic tank through the conveying main runner.
As one of the preferred schemes, the supporting structure and the flue wall are hollow, and the supporting structure and the flue wall are communicated with each other, the system also comprises a flue heat exchange group which is internally arranged in the flue wall, and a conveying sub-runner which is internally arranged in the supporting structure; wherein,
the inlet and the outlet of the flue heat exchange group are respectively communicated with the two conveying sub-runners;
the second section of part of the heat exchange sub-flow channels is communicated with a first conveying sub-flow channel, and a second conveying sub-flow channel is communicated with the main conveying flow channel;
the cooling medium flowing into the corresponding heat exchange sub-flow passage flows through a first conveying sub-flow passage, enters the flue heat exchange group, dissipates heat of the flue wall, and flows to the conveying main flow passage through a second conveying sub-flow passage.
As one of preferable schemes, the heat exchange main runner comprises a conveying runner and a diversion runner positioned at two sides of the conveying runner; wherein,
the inlets of the conveying runner and the flow dividing runner are shared and independent;
the conveying runner is communicated with the heat exchange sub-runner positioned on the opposite side of the inlet side of the heat exchange main runner;
the two flow dividing channels are correspondingly communicated with the heat exchange sub-channels positioned on two adjacent sides of the inlet side of the heat exchange main channel.
As one preferable aspect, the flow diversion channel has an inner diameter gradually decreasing from an inlet side of the heat exchange main channel toward an opposite side.
As one of preferable schemes, the split flow channel is a gap between the conveying channel and the heat exchange sub-flow channel at the corresponding side.
As one of the preferable schemes, the inlet of the heat exchange main runner and the outlet of the conveying main runner are positioned on the same side.
As one of the preferable schemes, the heat exchange main flow channel is arranged in the bottom edge wall of the groove wall, and horizontally extends from one side edge of the bottom edge wall to the opposite side edge;
at least a portion of the heat exchange sub-flow passage is a first heat exchange sub-flow passage having a first section and a second section, and at least a second portion of the heat exchange sub-flow passage is a second heat exchange sub-flow passage having a second section;
A plurality of first heat exchange sub-flow passages are respectively arranged from the bottom edge wall of the groove wall to two side edge walls adjacent to one side edge of the bottom edge wall;
the side wall of the groove wall, which is collinear with the other side edge of the bottom wall, is internally provided with a second heat exchange sub-flow channel;
the top edge of the side wall of the groove wall is internally provided with the conveying main runner.
As one of the preferred schemes, the flue heat exchange group comprises two flue heat exchange main runners, a plurality of flue heat exchange sub runners and two flue heat exchange converging runners, and a plurality of flue heat exchange sub runners are respectively communicated with a corresponding one of the flue heat exchange main runners and a corresponding one of the flue heat exchange converging runners; each flue heat exchange main runner is communicated with a first conveying sub runner, and each flue heat exchange converging runner is communicated with a second conveying sub runner.
As one of the preferable schemes, each conveying sub-runner is divided into two flow channels, the two flow channels of the first conveying sub-runner are respectively communicated with the two flue heat exchange main runners, and the two flow channels of the second conveying sub-runner are respectively communicated with the two flue heat exchange main runners.
The second aspect of the invention also provides a prebaked cell, which comprises a cell wall, a supporting structure and a flue wall, wherein the cell wall, the supporting structure and the flue wall are hollow, and the hollow cell is internally provided with the built-in prebaked cell waste heat recovery system provided in the first aspect of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:
according to the built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least one part of cooling medium entering the heat exchange main runner through the inlet of the heat exchange main runner reaches one side tank wall of the electrolytic tank, and the rest of cooling medium entering the heat exchange sub-runner through the heat exchange main runner reaches one side tank wall and/or other side tank walls of the electrolytic tank and then flows out of the electrolytic tank through the conveying main runner. Through the built-in heat exchange main flow channel and the heat exchange sub flow channels, the cooling medium can realize more direct heat transfer inside the cell wall, heat can be directly absorbed from the cell wall of the electrolytic cell, heat transferred to the outside is reduced, more efficient heat recovery is realized, the occurrence of heat damage is reduced, energy loss is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved; the built-in heat taking structure integrates all flow channels into the inner part of the groove wall, so that the installation of an external heat exchanger is avoided, the system is more compact, and the occupied space and the installation complexity of equipment are reduced. The heat exchange gas is input into the built-in heat taking structure, so that the heat dissipation can be recycled in summer, and the heat preservation and energy saving of the electrolytic tank can be realized by utilizing the characteristic of air heat insulation in winter.
The pre-baked electrolytic cell provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same advantages as the waste heat recovery system compared with the prior art, and is not described in detail herein.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the present application will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an assembled structure of a built-in pre-bake tank waste heat recovery system and an aluminum electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of an assembled configuration of a built-in pre-bake tank waste heat recovery system and an aluminum electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a cooling medium according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of partial heat exchange of a side wall according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a groove wall; 1-1, front side wall; 1-2, an inlet of a heat exchange main runner; 1-3, an outlet of a conveying main runner; 1-4, a flow dividing channel; 1-5, conveying flow channels; 1-6, a first section; 1-7, an inlet of the second section; 1-8, a second section; 1-9, outlet of the second section; 1-10, conveying main runner; 1-11, rear side walls; 1-12, an inlet of a second heat exchange sub-runner; 1-13, a second heat exchange sub-runner; 2. a support structure; 2-1, a first conveying sub-runner; 2-2, a second conveying sub-runner; 3. composite steel girder; 3-1, an inlet of a flue heat exchange main runner; 3-2, a flue heat exchange main runner; 4. a flue body; 4-1, an inlet of a flue heat exchanger runner; 4-2, a flue heat exchanger sub-runner; 4-3, exchanging heat with flue; 4-4, an outlet of a flue heat exchange flow converging channel; 4-5, a smoke suction hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The heat recovery device for the heat dissipation window of the controllable electrolytic aluminum cell is disclosed by some researchers in the related art, and the heat recovery device is characterized in that a heat extraction unit guard plate is closely attached to a heat extraction unit, a frame is fixed on a steel plate of the heat dissipation window, and the heat extraction energy saving effect is achieved by circulating water in the heat extraction unit guard plate. However, this solution only considers the heat extraction of the heat dissipating window portion, and the heat extracting device is installed outside the electrolytic cell, occupies an external space, and affects the operation in actual operation. Most importantly, once the heat exchange unit is damaged, water leaks into the aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolysis cell, steam explosion is likely to happen, and serious safety accidents are caused.
Some researchers have proposed an electrolytic aluminum cell side wall waste heat recovery system that performs heat exchange by disposing a water closed circulation subsystem on the side wall. However, the system waste heat recovery device is still arranged outside the electrolytic tank, and can not recover waste heat of other areas of the electrolytic tank, and can not keep the temperature of the electrolytic tank in winter; some researchers have proposed waste heat recovery devices for electrolytic aluminum cells, waste heat recovery components of the technology are distributed on the outer side wall of the electrolytic aluminum cell at equal intervals, communicating pipes are arranged between adjacent components, serpentine bent pipes are arranged inside the components, and heat is taken through water flowing inside. However, the device only takes the heat of the side wall into consideration, but does not take the waste heat recovery of the flue gas into consideration, and in addition, the heat taking device is also arranged outside the electrolytic cell, and the serpentine channel can prolong the passing length of water and increase the flow resistance of the water.
It can be known that the problems mentioned in the background art exist in the related art, and the problems that the aluminum industry cannot be recovered in summer, the heat preservation and the energy conservation cannot be realized in winter, the overall heat recovery of the electrolytic tank cannot be considered at the same time, the temperature of the electrolytic tank cannot be ensured to be in a proper working temperature range at any time, and the like are also solved, so that the aluminum industry is limited to be transformed into a more efficient, more economic and more environment-friendly technology.
One of the objects of the present invention is to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.
In the conventional heat dissipation technique of the cell wall 1 of the aluminum electrolysis cell mentioned in the background art, the external heat exchanger has adverse effects on the installation and operation of the aluminum electrolysis cell:
the external heat exchanger often occupies a certain space, needs to be connected with the electrolytic tank, increases the complexity of the overall equipment layout, increases the occupied area of the equipment in a limited factory space, and brings challenges to layout and installation;
the external heat exchanger has energy loss in the heat energy transmission process, the heat energy of the electrolytic tank needs to be transmitted to the external heat exchanger and then transmitted to the environment through the surface of the heat exchanger, the heat can still be emitted into the factory, and the heat damage problem still exists;
the heat exchanger carries heat away from the electrolysis trough, but can't carry out recycle to the heat, and the waste heat of flue gas in the electrolysis trough accounts for about 30% of the total waste heat that loses of electrolysis trough, has implemented the aluminium electroloysis enterprise of waste heat recovery at present, also only retrieves flue gas waste heat, still exceeds 70% waste heat and does not obtain recycle.
To achieve the primary object of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, fig. 1 and 2 are respectively pre-baked cells with waste heat recovery systems, as illustrated in examples according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein fig. 1 and 2 are front view and rear view, respectively. The invention provides a built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system which is applied to an electrolytic tank, wherein the electrolytic tank comprises a tank wall 1, a supporting structure 2 and a flue wall, the interior of the tank wall 1 is hollow, and the system comprises a heat exchange main runner, a plurality of heat exchange sub-runners and conveying main runners 1-10 which are built in the tank wall 1; the inlet 1-2 of the heat exchange main runner is used for receiving the cooling medium, the outlet 1-3 of the conveying main runner is used for discharging the cooling medium, the heat exchange main runner is communicated with the inlet of at least one heat exchange sub runner, and the outlets of the plurality of heat exchange sub runners are communicated with the conveying main runner 1-10; the at least one heat exchange sub-flow passage comprises a first section 1-6 and/or a second section 1-8, wherein the first section 1-6 and the heat exchange main flow passage are positioned on the same side in the groove wall 1, and the second section 1-8 is positioned on other sides in the groove wall 1; wherein the first section 1-6 is communicated with the second section 1-8; at least a part of the cooling medium entering the heat exchange main runner through the inlet 1-2 of the heat exchange main runner reaches one side groove wall 1 of the electrolytic tank, and the rest of the cooling medium entering the heat exchange sub runner through the heat exchange main runner reaches one side groove wall 1 and/or other side groove walls 1 of the electrolytic tank and then flows out of the electrolytic tank through the conveying main runner 1-10.
In particular, an electrolysis cell is defined as a device for containing electrolyte and reactants during electrolysis, whereas the cell wall 1, the support structure 2 and the flue wall belong to the main components of the electrolysis cell. The cell wall 1 is understood to mean a closed vessel or cell which is used to carry the electrolytic reaction and to provide the desired environment and conditions. The support structure 2 can be understood as a frame or a pillar connecting the slot wall 1 and the flue wall. The flue wall is located at the top of the cell wall 1 and is understood to have channels for guiding and exhausting flue gases and exhaust gases generated during the electrolysis process.
It will be appreciated that the cells may be used for the production of other than aluminium, magnesium, lithium or other metals, and may be divided into various types of cells such as pre-baked aluminium cells, pre-baked magnesium cells, pre-baked lithium cells, etc. depending on the purpose of production, although they differ in terms of material composition, electrolyte and additional equipment, the cells used for the production of the partial substances having similar properties and reaction requirements all have similar main structures (cell wall 1, support structure 2 and flue wall). The waste heat recovery system provided by the invention is configured on a main structure. The system of the invention is not only suitable for prebaked aluminum electrolysis cells, but also for other types of electrolysis cells. While the groove wall 1 may be square, circular or complex shaped, etc. The electrolytic cells to be used in the following are exemplified by the most widely used aluminum electrolysis cells.
Specifically, the tank wall 1 is a square frame formed by combining a square bottom wall and four square side walls extending upward from the peripheral edges of the square bottom wall. The hollow inside of the tank wall 1 can be that the bottom wall and the side wall are provided with through spaces, and corresponding heat exchange main flow channels, a plurality of heat exchange sub flow channels and conveying main flow channels 1-10 are arranged in the through spaces. Wherein each flow passage is formed by the rib plate and the groove wall 1 together, for example, the bottoms of a plurality of rib plates can be arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom wall of a cavity, the tops of the rib plates are flush with the top surface of the bottom wall, the bottom wall is divided into space areas which are not communicated with each other by the plurality of rib plates, namely, the space areas formed by the two rib plates are not contacted with cooling medium in the adjacent space areas, and the divided space areas form the flow passage. The side walls are arranged with reference.
In some embodiments, it may be possible to cut hollows in the solid bottom and side walls to form corresponding heat exchange primary channels, several heat exchange secondary channels and transport primary channels 1-10.
In this embodiment, the inlet 1-2 of the heat exchange main flow channel may be an opening on the slot wall 1 where the heat exchange main flow channel is located, where the opening is used as a part of the heat exchange main flow channel, and may be connected to the cooling medium output device to receive the cooling medium. The communication of the heat exchange main flow channel receiving the cooling medium with the inlet of at least one heat exchange sub flow channel can be understood as a plurality of outlets of the heat exchange main flow channel, each outlet is communicated with each heat exchange sub flow channel, and the cooling medium in the heat exchange main flow channel is divided into a plurality of fluid flows to the plurality of heat exchange sub flow channels respectively to reach the inside of the groove wall 1 in different directions. The outlet 1-3 of the main conveying channel may be an opening communicating with an external device in the wall 1 of the main conveying channel 1-10, and the opening may be a part of the main conveying channel 1-10, and may be connected to a heat recovery system, which may include a heat energy conversion device, a power generation device or other facilities, to convert the heat energy of the cooling medium after absorbing the heat into electric energy or other forms of energy. And the environmental temperature of an electrolytic aluminum workshop is reduced in summer, and meanwhile, the waste heat recycling is realized.
More specifically, the inclusion of at least one heat exchange sub-flow path including the first sections 1-6 and/or the second sections 1-8 is to be understood as all heat exchange sub-flow paths of the plurality of heat exchange sub-flow paths may be all the same, some the same or all different. In some embodiments, part or all of the heat exchange sub-channels in the plurality of heat exchange sub-channels are composed of a first section 1-6 and a second section 1-8 which are communicated with each other, and the embodiment is called a first heat exchange sub-channel for convenience in description; in some embodiments, part or all of the heat exchange sub-flow channels are second sections 1-8, that is, the second sections 1-8 are integrally used as the heat exchange sub-flow channels, and the embodiment is conveniently described as an inlet 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-flow channels; in some embodiments, part or all of the heat exchange sub-flow channels are first sections 1-6, i.e. the first sections 1-6 are integrally used as heat exchange sub-flow channels, and it is convenient to describe this embodiment as a third heat exchange sub-flow channel.
The first section 1-6 of the first heat exchange sub-runner and the third heat exchange sub-runner are communicated with the heat exchange main runner, and the second section 1-8 of the first heat exchange sub-runner and the third heat exchange sub-runner are communicated with the conveying main runner 1-10; for the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-channels, the outlets of the heat exchange main channels should be located at the edge of the side to communicate with the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-channels, that is to say the edge of the common slot wall 1 of the heat exchange main channels and the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-channels, which edge can be understood as the connection of the respective side walls of the slot wall 1.
In one implementation, at least one side of the heat exchange primary channel may be in communication with an inlet of at least one heat exchange sub-channel, meaning that one side of the heat exchange primary channel may be in communication with one heat exchange sub-channel such that the cooling medium is split into two streams flowing out of the electrolyzer via the heat exchange primary channel and one heat exchange sub-channel; one side of the heat exchange main runner can be communicated with the two heat exchange sub runners, so that the cooling medium is divided into three flows which flow out of the electrolytic tank through the heat exchange main runner and the two heat exchange sub runners; and the like, the cooling medium can be divided into more flows which flow out of the electrolytic tank through the heat exchange main flow channel and the heat exchange sub flow channels, so that the heat recovery of the side walls where the heat exchange main flow channel and the heat exchange sub flow channels are positioned is realized.
In more realizable modes, two or more sides of the heat exchange main runner can be communicated with one or more heat exchange sub-runners, so that the cooling medium is divided into a plurality of strands to flow out of the electrolytic tank through the heat exchange main runner and the plurality of heat exchange sub-runners, and the cooling medium can be divided into a plurality of paths to be supplied to the heat exchange sub-runners, so that heat recovery of more side walls of the electrolytic tank is met, and efficient heat transfer is realized.
As a specific explanation of the present embodiment, the inlets 1 to 12 of the first heat exchange sub-flow path, the second heat exchange sub-flow path, or the third heat exchange sub-flow path may be separately provided. Illustratively:
In one mode, the heat exchange main flow channel can be positioned on the bottom edge wall, and third heat exchange sub flow channels can be arranged on the left side and the right side of the heat exchange main flow channel so as to recycle heat of the bottom edge wall of the groove wall 1; likewise, the heat exchange main flow channel may be located on any one side wall, and third heat exchange sub flow channels may be provided on opposite sides of the heat exchange main flow channel to perform heat recovery on the front/rear/left/right side walls of the tank wall 1. In one mode, the heat exchange main flow channel can be positioned on the bottom edge wall, and the opposite sides of the heat exchange main flow channel can be provided with first heat exchange sub flow channels so as to recycle heat of the bottom edge wall of the groove wall 1 and the left and right side edge walls adjacent to the bottom edge wall; likewise, the heat exchange main flow channel can be located on any side wall, and the first heat exchange sub flow channels can be arranged on two opposite sides of the heat exchange main flow channel so as to recover heat from at least three side walls of the groove wall 1. In one mode, the heat exchange main flow channel may be located on the bottom wall, the outlet of the heat exchange main flow channel is located at the front/rear edge of the bottom wall, and the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub flow channels are provided on the front/rear side wall 1-11 to perform heat recovery on the bottom wall of the tank wall 1 and the front/rear side wall 1-11.
In a most preferred implementation, the inlets 1-12 of the first heat exchange sub-flow channel and the second heat exchange sub-flow channel are preferably arranged simultaneously to maximize the utilization of the structure of the tank wall 1 for heat transfer and recovery. Illustratively:
A heat exchange main runner is arranged in the bottom edge wall of the groove wall 1, and horizontally extends from one side edge of the bottom edge wall to the opposite side edge; at least a part of the heat exchange sub-channels are first heat exchange sub-channels with first sections 1-6 and second sections 1-8, and at least a second part of the heat exchange sub-channels are inlets 1-12 of second heat exchange sub-channels with second sections 1-8; a plurality of first heat exchange sub-flow passages are respectively arranged from the bottom edge wall of the groove wall 1 to two side edge walls adjacent to one side edge of the bottom edge wall; the side wall of the tank wall 1, which is collinear with the other side edge of the bottom wall, is internally provided with inlets 1-12 of a second heat exchange sub-runner; the top edges of the side walls of the tank wall 1 are provided with conveying main channels 1-10.
In the implementation mode, the bottom side wall is the side wall with the largest area in the groove wall 1, has a larger space, can flexibly set the pipe diameter of the heat exchange main flow channel to be larger than the pipe diameter sum of the heat exchange sub flow channels, and avoids unnecessary resistance generated by gas flowing through the heat exchange main flow channel. The gas in the main flow channel of the bottom plate has large flow rate and high flow velocity, so that the heat exchange with the bottom plate is small. In this way, the temperature difference between the cooling medium flowing to the flue wall through the heat exchange main flow channel and the cooling medium which is initially introduced is small, and the cooling medium can realize more efficient heat transfer, so that the overall heat recovery of the flue wall and the tank wall 1 of the electrolytic tank is considered. Specifically, the conveying main flow channels 1-10 are positioned in the middle area of the bottom wall, and the first heat exchange sub flow channels with the same number are symmetrically arranged from the middle to the left and the right, so that the heat exchange process of each position of the aluminum electrolysis cell in the length direction is uniform, and the temperature distribution uniformity of the electrolysis cell is well maintained. For example, the first sections 1-6 of the first heat exchange sub-flow path on the left side may be left edges extending from the middle to the left side to the bottom side walls, and the second sections 1-8 may be top edges extending vertically upward from the left edges to the left side walls so as to be 7-shaped in the bottom side walls and the left and right side walls perpendicular to each other. Wherein the 7-shaped joint is used as an outlet of the first section 1-6 or an inlet 1-7 of the second section, and the outlet 1-9 of the second section is communicated with the conveying main runner 1-10.
Because the flue wall is located above the slot wall 1, and the length direction of the flue wall is parallel to the length direction of the slot wall 1, the horizontal extending direction can be horizontal and transverse extending, namely extending along the length direction of the slot wall 1, so that the length of the heat exchange main flow channel is close to that of the bottom wall, namely the extending starting point is the edge of the bottom wall, such as the front edge shown in fig. 1, and the extending end point is the rear edge of the bottom wall, so that the heat exchange main flow channel can be communicated with the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub flow channels in the rear side wall 1-11 extending from the rear edge, and the rest of cooling medium can be quickly conveyed to the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub flow channels, so that the cooling medium is conveyed into the flue wall by using the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub flow channels as conveying channels, and the heat of the subsequent flue wall is recovered.
It can be understood that the heat of the electrolytic tank is mainly concentrated in the bottom edge wall of the tank wall 1 and the flue wall, the heat recovery requirement of the flue wall is far greater than that of the side edge wall of the tank wall 1, one inlet 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-flow passage is arranged, the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-flow passage are converted into conveying inlets for connecting the space of the tank wall 1 and the flue wall, more cooling medium can be distributed into the flue wall, and meanwhile, the comprehensive efficient recovery of the tank wall 1 and the flue wall is realized.
The size of the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-flow channels can be the same as that of the heat exchange main flow channels, namely, the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-flow channels and the heat exchange main flow channels are in a 7-shaped structure as a whole, so that the rest of cooling medium is conveyed into the flue wall at a faster flow rate.
In order to more clearly illustrate the waste heat recovery process of the whole aluminium electrolysis cell, the gas illustrated in fig. 3 flows and distributes inside the aluminium electrolysis cell structure, wherein the arrows indicate the flow direction of the gas. After entering the bottom wall of the aluminum electrolysis cell, the heat exchange gas is divided into three parts. Wherein, the part flowing to the two sides enters the side wall of the aluminum electrolysis cell and is used for recovering the waste heat from the side wall; the rest heat exchange gas in the middle flows into the flue wall through the rear side wall 1-11 of the aluminum electrolysis cell, absorbs the waste heat from the flue wall, and then flows into the conveying main runner 1-10 together with the heat exchange gas from the side wall of the aluminum electrolysis cell and returns into the front side wall 1-1 of the aluminum electrolysis cell, and flows out of the aluminum electrolysis cell with the absorbed waste heat, so that the waste heat recovery cycle is completed.
In summary, at least a part of the cooling medium entering the heat exchange main runner through the inlet 1-2 of the heat exchange main runner reaches one side groove wall 1 of the electrolytic tank, and the rest of the cooling medium entering the heat exchange sub runner through the heat exchange main runner reaches one side groove wall 1 and/or other side groove walls 1 of the electrolytic tank, and then flows out of the electrolytic tank through the conveying main runner 1-10. Therefore, through the built-in heat exchange main flow channel and the heat exchange sub flow channels, the cooling medium can realize more direct heat transfer in the groove wall 1, heat can be directly absorbed from the groove wall 1 of the electrolytic groove, heat transferred to the outside is reduced, more efficient heat recovery is realized, the occurrence of heat damage is reduced, the energy loss is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved; the built-in heat taking structure integrates all flow channels into the groove wall 1, so that the installation of an external heat exchanger is avoided, the system is more compact, and the occupied space and the installation complexity of equipment are reduced.
As an improvement of the embodiment, each built-in runner uses gas as a cooling medium to avoid leakage of liquid, high-temperature aluminum electrolyte is encountered, steam explosion is caused, and a large accident is caused, so that the safety of the system is improved. Because the electrolytic aluminum tank has certain requirements on the temperature in the tank during operation, and the flue gas needs to be ensured to be at a certain temperature during the subsequent desulfurization treatment and other procedures, the waste heat recovery of the electrolytic aluminum tank needs to be performed on the basis of meeting the working temperature requirement. The temperature of the inner wall of the side wall of the aluminum electrolysis cell can be still maintained at a proper working temperature by controlling the flow of heat exchange gas so as to ensure the temperature condition required in the aluminum electrolysis process, so that the built-in heat taking structure can realize the balance between the waste heat recovery and the working temperature requirement, avoid excessive heat recovery or energy loss and reduce the electrolysis efficiency.
Most importantly, the gas is used as a heat-taking working medium, the heat-taking quantity can be improved by improving the air flow when the temperature is higher in summer, the air flow can be reduced when the temperature is lower in winter, the heat inside the electrolytic tank is preserved by utilizing the characteristic of lower air heat conductivity coefficient, the heat dissipation of the aluminum electrolytic tank is reduced, the electric energy consumption is reduced, and the effects of saving energy and reducing consumption are achieved. Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 further illustrates the principles of the invention for recovering and controlling waste heat from the side walls of the electrolyzer. The left side of FIG. 4 shows the heat dissipation process of the side wall of the conventional electrolytic cell without implementing the invention, the temperature of the inner wall of the side wall is T 2 The temperature of the outer wall is T 1 ，T 2 >T 1 Side wall absorptionThe heat of the solar energy heat collector is directly dissipated to the environment through the outer wall surface of the solar energy heat collector in a radiation and convection heat exchange mode, so that on one hand, the temperature of the environment is increased, heat damage is formed, and meanwhile, part of electric energy is wasted; the right side of fig. 4 is a heat dissipation process of the side wall of the electrolytic cell, in which a heat exchange sub-runner is processed, part of heat conducted by the inner wall side is taken away by heat exchange gas, and the rest is conducted to the outer wall of the electrolytic cell, and finally dissipated to the air. Because part of heat is carried out by the heat exchange gas, the waste heat dissipated into the air is far smaller than the heat carried away by the heat exchange gas, so that T 1 ' also well below T 1 . Therefore, the process greatly relieves the heat injury caused in the aluminum electrolysis process while the original operation condition of the aluminum electrolysis cell is not changed.
It is worth mentioning that in winter, the indoor temperature is very low, more heat loss occurs, and electric energy is also required to be supplemented to maintain the temperature of the electrolytic tank. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention not only can realize recycling of the heat loss in summer, but also can utilize the characteristic of air heat insulation in winter to preserve heat and save energy for the electrolytic tank.
Naturally, if only waste heat recovery is achieved, water and other chemical refrigerants may be used as the cooling medium.
In the embodiment in which the first heat exchange sub-flow path is provided in the bottom wall to the left and right side walls and the inlet 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-flow path is provided in the rear side wall 1-11 as noted above, the conveying main flow path 1-10 is in a U shape, opposite sides of the U shape correspond to the top edges of the left and right side walls to receive the cooling medium output from the outlet of the first heat exchange main flow path in the left and right side walls, the closed side of the U shape corresponds to the top edge of the front side wall 1-1 to receive the cooling medium output from the left and right side walls together, and the open side of the U shape corresponds to the rear side wall 1-11, i.e., the top edge on the rear side wall 1-11 is not provided with the conveying main flow path 1-10, and the outlet of the heat exchange main flow path communicates with the inlet 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-flow path to output the cooling medium directly toward the flue wall. The inlet 1-2 of the heat exchange main runner is positioned at the front side edge of the bottom side wall, the outlet 1-3 of the conveying main runner is positioned at the top edge of the front side wall 1-1, only one gas total inlet and one gas total outlet are arranged on the front end face of the electrolytic tank, and equipment and control elements matched with the system are arranged on the same side in a concentrated manner, so that the space is fully utilized, the system layout is simplified, and the compactness and reliability of the system are improved.
A further object of the present application is to achieve a total heat recovery of the electrolyzer, enabling the delivery of cooling medium via the rear side walls 1-11 to the flue wall direction, the measures proposed in the present application are: the support structure 2 and the flue wall are hollow, and are communicated with each other, and the system further comprises a flue heat exchange group arranged in the flue wall and a conveying sub-runner arranged in the support structure 2; the inlet and the outlet of the flue heat exchange group are respectively communicated with the two conveying sub-runners; the second section 1-8 of part of the heat exchange sub-runner is communicated with the first conveying sub-runner 2-1, and the second conveying sub-runner 2-2 is communicated with the conveying main runner 1-10; the cooling medium flowing into the corresponding heat exchange sub-flow passage flows through the first conveying sub-flow passage 2-1 to enter the flue heat exchange group so as to radiate heat on the flue wall, and flows to the conveying main flow passage 1-10 through the second conveying sub-flow passage 2-2.
In particular, the support structure 2 and the internal hollowness of the flue wall and the arrangement of the individual flow channels can be referred to the slot wall 1. The mutual communication of the support structure 2 with the flue wall is understood to mean a spatial communication of the connection of the support structure 2 with the flue wall, whereby the cooling medium can flow smoothly without being blocked in a local area. Specifically, the supporting structure 2 comprises two symmetrical U-shaped upright posts, the left and right ends of one U-shaped upright post are fixedly connected to the front side wall 1-1 of the groove wall 1, the U-shaped upright post is hollow to form a first conveying sub-runner 2-1, the left and right ends of the other U-shaped upright post are fixedly connected to the rear side wall 1-11 of the groove wall 1, and the U-shaped upright post is hollow to form a second conveying sub-runner 2-2. The flue wall includes compound girder steel 3 and forms the flue body 4 of enclosure space with compound girder steel 3 is whole, and compound girder steel 3 is located the top of flue body 4, and the front and back both sides of compound girder steel 3 communicate with the blind end of two U-shaped stands respectively, and the left and right sides of compound girder steel 3 communicates with the top edge of the left and right sides wall of flue body 4, and the front and back both sides wall of flue body 4 is the flue apron.
Wherein the flue body 4 is provided with a plurality of flue gas suction holes 4-5 for introducing flue gas into the flue wall.
Further, two side positions of the composite steel beam 3 communicated with the left side wall and the right side wall of the flue body 4, or the top edges of the left side wall and the right side wall of the flue body 4 are respectively provided with a flue heat exchange main runner 3-2, inlets 3-1 of the two flue heat exchange main runners are communicated with outlets of the first conveying sub runner 2-1, the left side and the right side of the flue body 4 are respectively provided with a plurality of flue heat exchange sub runners 4-2 communicated with outlets of the flue heat exchange main runner 3-2, bottom edges of the left side wall and the right side wall of the flue body 4 are respectively provided with a flue heat exchange sink 4-3, and inlets of the flue heat exchange sink 4-3 are communicated with outlets of the flue heat exchange sub runners 4-2 so as to receive cooling medium output from the flue heat exchange sub runners 4-2 and flow to the second conveying sub runner 2-2 through the outlets 4-4 of the flue heat exchange sink. Wherein the outlet 4-4 of the flue heat exchange flow converging channel is positioned in the front flue cover plate of the flue body 4.
Further, each conveying sub-runner is provided with two outlets and two inlets, and the U-shaped conveying sub-runner formed by the U-shaped upright posts consists of two symmetrical 7-shaped flow channels. The cooling medium output by the inlet 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-runner is divided into a left flow channel and a right flow channel, the cooling medium in the left flow channel flows into the inlet 3-1 of the left flue heat exchange main runner and then is divided into a plurality of flows to the inlet 4-1 of the flue heat exchange sub-runner, flows to the left flue heat exchange sink 4-3 through the left flue heat exchange sub-runner 4-2, flows into the left flow runner of the second conveying sub-runner 2-2 from the outlet 4-4 of the flue heat exchange sink, and finally flows to the conveying main runner 1-10. Likewise, the cooling medium flows simultaneously in the right flow path.
It will be appreciated that the inlet 4-1 of the flue heat exchange sub-runner is also the outlet of the flue heat exchange main runner 3-2.
Therefore, all the heat-taking structures for recycling are arranged in the structure of the electrolytic tank, all the heat-taking structures are connected into a whole, the integral recycling of heat dissipation of the flue, the side wall of the aluminum electrolytic tank and the bottom wall of the aluminum electrolytic tank is realized, the integrated heat-taking structure greatly improves the safety of a heat exchange system, and in the long-time operation process of the aluminum electrolytic tank, the equipment repairing probability caused by the damage of the heat-taking structure is reduced to the minimum, and the integral built-in heat-taking structure has the lowest influence on the production process of the original aluminum electrolytic tank.
In a further technical scheme, the heat exchange main runner comprises a conveying runner 1-5 and a diversion runner 1-4 positioned at two sides of the conveying runner 1-5; wherein the inlets of the conveying flow channels 1-5 and the flow dividing flow channels 1-4 are shared and mutually independent; the conveying flow channel 1-5 is communicated with a heat exchange sub-flow channel positioned on the opposite side of the inlet 1-2 of the heat exchange main flow channel; the two flow dividing channels 1-4 are correspondingly communicated with the heat exchange sub-channels positioned on two adjacent sides of the inlet 1-2 of the heat exchange main channel.
Specifically, the inlet sharing can divide the cooling medium into three streams through the inlets 1-2 of the heat exchange main flow channels and simultaneously input the three streams into the conveying flow channels 1-5 and the flow dividing flow channels 1-4, and one part of the cooling medium independently and rapidly passes through the bottom wall and enters the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub flow channels in the rear side wall 1-11 so as to convey the cooling medium to the flue wall, and the other part of the cooling medium independently flows into the first heat exchange sub flow channels on the left side and the right side through the flow dividing flow channels 1-4 on the left side and the right side respectively so as to distribute the cooling medium into the bottom wall and the side walls on the left side and the right side. Because the heat exchange requirements of different parts are different, the interference and the mutual influence between the different flow channels can be reduced by the three independent flow channels, the cooling medium can be guided to a specific area needing heat recovery through the independent flow paths, and the heat requirement of each part can be met by controlling the flow of each cooling medium.
In some embodiments, the flow-dividing channels 1-4 taper in inner diameter from the inlet 1-2 side to the opposite side of the heat exchange primary channel. The flow distribution of the heat exchange gas in the side wall of the aluminum electrolysis cell can be improved, so that more uniform heat transfer and recovery are further realized, and the situation that the cooling medium is preferentially distributed in the heat exchange sub-flow channel close to the inlet 1-2 of the heat exchange main flow channel to gradually reduce the flow in the heat exchange sub-flow channel far away from the outlet of the heat exchange main flow channel is avoided.
To ensure uniformity of heat recovery, the size of the flow-dividing passages 1-4 on the left and right sides should be the same.
As an extension of the present embodiment, three flow paths may be formed by four rib plates, the middle two rib plates form the conveying flow paths 1-5, the outermost two rib plates form the flow dividing flow paths 1-4 with the corresponding adjacent middle two rib plates, respectively, and the middle two rib plates gradually incline outward from the front side wall 1-1 to the rear side wall 1-11 so that the inner diameters of the flow dividing flow paths 1-4 gradually decrease. And outlets which are communicated with the heat exchange sub-channels at the left side and the right side are respectively arranged on the two flow dividing channels 1-4. Preferably, the conveying flow channel 1-5 may be directly formed by two rib plates, and the two rib plates respectively form gaps with the heat exchange sub-flow channels on the left side and the right side, that is, the two rib plates have distances from the inlets of the heat exchange sub-flow channels on the left side and the right side, so that the flow dividing flow channel 1-4 is formed, and the cooling medium input into the flow dividing flow channel 1-4 from the inlet 1-2 of the heat exchange main flow channel directly flows into the heat exchange sub-flow channels.
Preferably, in one specific embodiment of the invention:
referring again to fig. 1 and 2, an inlet 1-2 of a heat exchange primary runner and an outlet 1-3 of a delivery primary runner are provided in a front side wall 1-1 of an aluminum electrolysis cell. The gas enters from an inlet 1-2 of a heat exchange main runner and then flows into a bottom wall of the aluminum electrolysis cell, three runners are horizontally and transversely arranged in the bottom wall, two sides are provided with a diversion runner 1-4, a conveying runner 1-5 is arranged in the middle, the gas is respectively shunted to a first section 1-6 of a plurality of first heat exchange sub-runners on the left side and the right side through the diversion runner 1-4 in the bottom wall, then enters into a second section 1-8 connected with the first section 1-6 through an inlet 1-7 of a second section of the first heat exchange sub-runner, heat released by the bottom wall and the side wall is absorbed in the process of flowing through the first section 1-6 and the second section 1-8, and the gas after heat absorption is converged into the conveying main runner 1-10 through an outlet 1-9 of the second section and finally flows out from an outlet 1-3 of the conveying main runner of the front side wall 1-1, so that heat recovery circulation of the side wall of the aluminum electrolysis cell is completed.
Referring again to FIG. 3, after the gas enters the bottom wall of the aluminum reduction cell, a portion of the gas is delivered from the delivery channel 1-5 to the rear side wall 1-11 in addition to the gas diverted to the left and right side walls, and then flows from the inlet of the second heat exchange sub-channel 1-12 into the inlet of the second heat exchange sub-channel 1-12. The gas flows out of the inlets 1-12 of the second heat exchange sub-runner and then enters the first conveying sub-runner 2-1 respectively in left and right paths, then flows into the flue heat exchange main runner 3-2 through the inlet 3-1 of the flue heat exchange main runner, is communicated with the flue heat exchange sub-runner 4-2, and after absorbing heat conducted by the flue wall, is collected in the flue heat exchange converging runner 4-3 and flows to the front side wall 1-1 of the aluminum electrolysis cell, flows into the second conveying sub-runner 2-2 through the outlet 4-4 of the flue heat exchange converging runner, then is converged to the conveying main runner 1-10, finally flows out together with the gas from the side wall of the groove wall 1 through the outlet 1-3 of the conveying main runner of the front side wall 1-1, and brings out the absorbed waste heat, so that the waste heat recovery cycle is completed.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a pre-baked type electrolytic cell, which comprises a cell wall 1, a supporting structure 2 and a flue wall, wherein the interiors of the cell wall 1, the supporting structure 2 and the flue wall are hollow, and the hollow electrolytic cell is internally provided with the built-in pre-baked cell waste heat recovery system.
For the pre-bake cell embodiment described above, since it is substantially similar to the built-in pre-bake cell waste heat recovery system embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points are found in the partial description of the built-in pre-bake cell waste heat recovery system embodiment.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described as different from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to be referred to each other.
It should also be noted that, in the present document, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second" may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions, or order, and without necessarily being construed as indicating or implying any relative importance. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal.
The foregoing has described in detail the waste heat recovery system of a built-in prebaked cell and the prebaked cell provided in the present application, and specific examples have been used herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present application, and the description of the above examples is only for aiding in understanding the present application, and the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the present application. Also, various modifications in the details and application scope may be made by those skilled in the art in light of this disclosure, and all such modifications and variations are not required to be exhaustive or are intended to be within the scope of the disclosure.
Claims (7)
1. The built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system is applied to an electrolytic tank, and the electrolytic tank comprises a tank wall, a supporting structure and a flue wall, and is characterized in that the tank wall is hollow, and the system comprises a heat exchange main runner, a plurality of heat exchange sub-runners and a conveying main runner, wherein the heat exchange main runner is built in the tank wall; wherein,
the inlet of the heat exchange main runner is used for receiving cooling medium, the outlet of the conveying main runner is used for discharging the cooling medium, the heat exchange main runner is communicated with the inlet of at least one heat exchange sub runner, and the outlets of a plurality of heat exchange sub runners are communicated with the conveying main runner; wherein,
At least one heat exchange sub-flow passage comprises a first section and/or a second section, wherein the first section and the heat exchange main flow passage are positioned on the same side in the groove wall, and the second section is positioned on other sides in the groove wall; wherein the first section and the second section are in communication; the heat exchange sub-flow channels are partially identical and are respectively arranged on at least four side walls of the groove wall so as to recover heat of the groove wall;
at least a part of the cooling medium entering the heat exchange main runner through an inlet of the heat exchange main runner reaches one side groove wall of the electrolytic tank, and the rest of the cooling medium entering the heat exchange sub runner through the heat exchange main runner reaches the one side groove wall and/or other side groove walls of the electrolytic tank and then flows out of the electrolytic tank through the conveying main runner;
the support structure and the flue wall are hollow and are communicated with each other, and the system further comprises a flue heat exchange group arranged in the flue wall and a conveying sub-runner arranged in the support structure; wherein,
the inlet and the outlet of the flue heat exchange group are respectively communicated with the two conveying sub-runners;
The second section of part of the heat exchange sub-flow channels is communicated with a first conveying sub-flow channel, and a second conveying sub-flow channel is communicated with the main conveying flow channel;
the cooling medium flowing into the corresponding heat exchange sub-flow passage flows through a first conveying sub-flow passage to enter the flue heat exchange group so as to dissipate heat of the flue wall, and flows to the conveying main flow passage through a second conveying sub-flow passage;
the heat exchange main flow channel and the heat exchange sub flow channel are formed by rib plates and the groove walls;
the flue heat exchange group is formed by rib plates and the flue wall;
dividing the corresponding side walls of the groove wall and the flue wall into space areas which are not communicated with each other by a plurality of rib plates, wherein the space areas form corresponding flow passages;
the conveying main flow channel is independently formed by the top edges of the side walls of the groove walls;
the conveying sub-flow channels are independently formed by the hollow interior of the support structure;
the heat exchange main runner comprises a conveying runner and a split runner positioned at two sides of the conveying runner; wherein,
the inlets of the conveying runner and the flow dividing runner are shared and independent;
the conveying runner is communicated with the heat exchange sub-runner positioned on the opposite side of the inlet side of the heat exchange main runner;
The two flow dividing channels are correspondingly communicated with the heat exchange sub-channels positioned on two adjacent sides of the inlet side of the heat exchange main channel;
the inner diameter of the flow dividing flow passage gradually decreases from the inlet side of the heat exchange main flow passage to the opposite side;
the heat exchange main flow channel horizontally extends from one side edge of the bottom wall to the opposite side edge, and a heat exchange sub flow channel with a second section is arranged in the side wall of which the bottom wall is collinear with the other side edge of the bottom wall, so that the cooling medium is directly conveyed into the supporting structure and the flue wall through the heat exchange sub flow channel with the second section, and heat recovery of the flue wall is realized.
2. The built-in pre-bake tank waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, wherein said flow diversion channel is a gap between said transfer channel to said heat exchange sub channel on the corresponding side.
3. The built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the inlet of the heat exchange main runner and the outlet of the conveying main runner are located on the same side.
4. The built-in pre-bake tank waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, wherein said heat exchanging main flow path is provided in a bottom wall of said tank wall, said heat exchanging main flow path extending horizontally from one side edge of said bottom wall to an opposite side edge;
at least a portion of the heat exchange sub-flow passage is a first heat exchange sub-flow passage having a first section and a second section, and at least a second portion of the heat exchange sub-flow passage is a second heat exchange sub-flow passage having a second section;
a plurality of first heat exchange sub-flow passages are respectively arranged from the bottom edge wall of the groove wall to two side edge walls adjacent to one side edge of the bottom edge wall;
the side wall of the groove wall, which is collinear with the other side edge of the bottom wall, is internally provided with a second heat exchange sub-flow channel;
the top edge of the side wall of the groove wall is internally provided with the conveying main runner.
5. The built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the flue heat exchange group comprises two flue heat exchange main runners, a plurality of flue heat exchange sub runners and two flue heat exchange sink runners, and a plurality of the flue heat exchange sub runners are respectively communicated with a corresponding one of the flue heat exchange main runners and a corresponding one of the flue heat exchange sink runners; each flue heat exchange main runner is communicated with a first conveying sub runner, and each flue heat exchange converging runner is communicated with a second conveying sub runner.
6. The residual heat recovery system of claim 5 wherein each of said transport sub-channels is divided into two flow channels, a first of said two flow channels communicating with each of said two flue heat exchange main flow channels, and a second of said two flow channels communicating with each of said two flue heat exchange main flow channels.
7. A pre-baked cell comprising a cell wall, a support structure and a flue wall, wherein the cell wall, the support structure and the flue wall are hollow, and the built-in pre-baked cell waste heat recovery system according to any one of claims 1-6 is arranged in the hollow cell.
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| CN202310975326.5A CN116892045B (en) | 2023-08-03 | 2023-08-03 | Built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system and pre-baking type electrolytic tank |
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| CN202310975326.5A CN116892045B (en) | 2023-08-03 | 2023-08-03 | Built-in pre-baking tank waste heat recovery system and pre-baking type electrolytic tank |
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| CN116892045B true CN116892045B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101260544A (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2008-09-10 | 东北大学 | Method and device for reclaiming residual heat emitted by aluminum electrolysis bath |
| CN213142225U (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2021-05-07 | 郑州轻冶科技股份有限公司 | Side wall structure of aluminum electrolytic cell |
| CN213142224U (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2021-05-07 | 郑州轻冶科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum cell waste heat recovery system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0705439D0 (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2007-05-02 | Alstom Intellectual Property | Improved flue gas cooling and cleaning arrangment |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101260544A (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2008-09-10 | 东北大学 | Method and device for reclaiming residual heat emitted by aluminum electrolysis bath |
| CN213142225U (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2021-05-07 | 郑州轻冶科技股份有限公司 | Side wall structure of aluminum electrolytic cell |
| CN213142224U (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2021-05-07 | 郑州轻冶科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum cell waste heat recovery system |
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| CN116892045A (en) | 2023-10-17 |
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