CN116890626A - 用于电车桥的传动机构 - Google Patents

用于电车桥的传动机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116890626A
CN116890626A CN202211618006.6A CN202211618006A CN116890626A CN 116890626 A CN116890626 A CN 116890626A CN 202211618006 A CN202211618006 A CN 202211618006A CN 116890626 A CN116890626 A CN 116890626A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
electric drive
drive
gear
motor vehicle
planetary gear
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202211618006.6A
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English (en)
Inventor
彼得·齐默
伯纳德·胡诺尔德
埃克哈特·吕布克
托马斯·里迪塞尔
托马斯·施奈德
马丁·布雷默
托马斯·梅尔廷
米夏埃尔·韦克斯
法比安·库特尔
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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Publication of CN116890626A publication Critical patent/CN116890626A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0813—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
    • F16H37/082—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft and additional planetary reduction gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/70—Gearings
    • B60Y2400/73—Planetary gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H2003/442—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion comprising two or more sets of orbital gears arranged in a single plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于电车桥的传动机构，其具有：传动机构输入轴(24)，以用于将电动传动机构与机动车的电驱动机作用连接；减速传动装置(26)，以用降低电驱动机的转速；换档传动装置，以用于设立档级，该换档传动装置包括第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组；第一输出轴(34)和第二输出轴(36)，以用于传递来自电动传动机构的驱动功率；以及多个档位切换设备，档位切换设备具有用于挂入档级的切换元件；第一行星齿轮组的行星架与第二行星齿轮组的行星架驱动有效地连接；第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮与第二行星齿轮组的齿圈驱动有效地连接。本发明还涉及具有这种传动机构的机动车驱动系、用于运行机动车驱动系的方法以及机动车。

Description

用于电车桥的传动机构
技术领域
本发明涉及电动传动机构、机动车驱动系、用于运行机动车驱动系的方法、以及机动车。
背景技术
车辆越来越多地配备了混合动力驱动器，即具有至少两个不同的驱动源。混合动力驱动器能够有助于减少燃料消耗和污染物排放。具有内燃机和一个或多个电马达的驱动系作为并联混合动力或合并混合动力已被广泛接受。这种混合动力驱动器在动力流中具有内燃机和电驱动器的基本上并联的布置方式。在此可能的是，能够实现驱动力矩的叠加以及利用纯内燃机式的驱动器或纯电马达式的驱动器的驱控。由于电驱动器的和内燃机的驱动力矩可以根据驱控而累加，因此有可能使内燃机的设计相对较小和/或暂时将其关断。由此可以在不显著损失功率或舒适度的情况下大幅减少CO2排放。因此，电驱动器的可能性和优势可以与内燃机的作用范围、功率和成本优势相结合。
上述混合动力驱动器的缺点在于结构通常较复杂，这是因为两个驱动源优选只用一个传动装置将驱动功率传输到驱动轴上。由此，使得这种传动装置在生产方面通常很复杂且成本很高。在混合动力传动装置的结构中复杂性的降低通常伴随着可变化性的损失。
该缺点可以至少部分地借助专用的“混合动力传动装置(Dedicated HybridTransmissions)”(DHT)来克服，在其中，将电机整合到传动装置中，以便表现出全部功能范围。例如，在传动装置中尤其可以例如通过省去倒退档来简化机械的传动件，其中，代替倒退档地使用至少一个电机。
专用的混合动力传动装置可以由已知的传动装置构思，即由双离合器传动装置、变矩器行星传动装置、无级的传动装置(CVT)或自动化的换档传动装置得知。电机在此成为传动装置的一部分。
将驱动系有效地扩展为混合动力驱动系的另外的可能性是，所谓的电车桥或电动车桥。在此，非主驱动桥由电驱动机并且优选在使用传动装置的情况下被驱动。应理解，电车桥可以与纯内燃机驱动器或混合动力驱动器相结合。
公开文献DE 10 2019 217 155 A1涉及一种用于车辆的电驱动器，其具有至少一个电机，电机对驱动轴进行驱动，驱动轴经由用于实现至少一个第一档级和第二档级的第一行星传动装置和第二行星传动装置与用于驱动至少两个从动轴的从动差速器耦接。驱动轴和从动轴同轴布置。驱动轴与第一行星传动装置的太阳轮和第二行星传动装置的太阳轮耦接，其中，第一行星传动装置的和第二行星传动装置的行星架经由第三行星传动装置与从动差速器耦接。第一行星传动装置的齿圈能经由用于切换第一档级的第一切换元件与壳体连接。第二行星传动装置的齿圈能经由用于切换第二档级的第二切换元件与壳体连接。此外，还提出了一种具有电驱动器的车辆。
发明内容
在此背景下，本领域技术人员提出的任务是提供一种廉价的用于电驱动器的具有至少两个档级的电动传动机构。优选地，电动传动机构的总传动比范围(Gesamtspreizung)应>2，其中，两个相邻档级之间的档间传动比比值应<2。尤其地，应提供一种用于具有高转速的电驱动机的电车桥的电动传动机构。
该任务通过用于机动车的机动车驱动系的电动传动机构来解决，其具有：
传动机构输入轴，以用于将电动传动机构与机动车的电驱动机作用连接；
减速传动装置，以用降低电驱动机的转速；
换档传动装置，以用于设立档级，该换档传动装置包括第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组；
第一输出轴和第二输出轴，以用于传递来自电动传动机构的驱动功率；以及
多个档位切换设备，其具有用于挂入档级的切换元件；其中，
第一行星齿轮组的行星架与第二行星齿轮组的行星架驱动有效地连接；
第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮与第二行星齿轮组的齿圈驱动有效地连接。
上述任务还通过一种用于机动车的机动车驱动系来解决，其具有：
如前面限定那样的电动传动机构；以及
电驱动机，其与传动机构输入轴驱动有效地连接。
此外，该任务通过一种用于运行如前面限定那样的机动车驱动系的方法来解决。
最后，上述任务由一种机动车来解决，该机动车具有如前面限定那样的机动车驱动系和用于储存能量以供应电驱动机的储能器。
本发明的优选的构造方案在从属权利要求中进行了描述。应理解，上述的和将在下面解释的特征不仅能以分别说明的组合方式使用，而且能以其他组合方式或者单独使用，而不偏离本发明的范围。尤其地，机动车驱动系、机动车和方法可以根据针对从属权利要求中描述的电动传动机构的构造方案来实施。
通过用于将电动传动机构与电驱动机作用连接起来的传动机构输入轴，可以在技术上容易地将电驱动机的驱动功率引入到电动传动机构中。作用连接既可以能切换地实施也可以不能切换地实施。通过用于降低电驱动机的转速的减速传动装置，可以将高转速的电驱动机与电动传动机构一起使用。由此可以使用廉价且重量优化的电驱动机。应理解，减速传动装置可以在用于设立档级的换档传动装置之前或之后地布置在电动传动机构中。通过第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组可以提供紧凑的电动传动机构。借助用于传递来自电动传动机构的驱动功率的第一输出轴和第二输出轴，可以在技术上容易地将来自电动传动机构的驱动功率传递到机动车的车桥的两个车轮上。应理解，电动传动机构还可以包括差速器，尤其是差动传动装置。由于第一行星齿轮组的行星架与第二行星齿轮组的行星架驱动有效地连接，并且第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮与第二行星齿轮组的齿圈驱动有效地连接，可以提供紧凑度高的电动传动机构，利用它能在技术上容易地设立至少两个、尤其是三个档级。可以提供在轴向和径向都很紧凑的尤其是用于电车桥的电动传动机构。尤其地，可以利用电动传动机构提供具有非常高的效率的两个减速档和一个直接档。优选地，行星齿轮组的定轴传动比分别处于量值<2.2的结构技术上有利的范围内。
在一个有利的设计方案中，切换元件包括两个制动器和一个离合器，其中，未耦联的太阳轮、尤其是第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮能借助离合器与驱动轴连接，并且能借助第一制动器固定，其中，未耦联的齿圈、尤其是第一行星齿轮组的齿圈能借助第二制动器固定。替选地，切换元件包括一个制动器和两个离合器，其中，自由轴能经由第一离合器与未耦联的齿圈、尤其是第一行星齿轮组的齿圈连接，自由轴能经由第二离合器与未耦联的太阳轮、尤其是第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮连接，并且自由轴能经由制动器固定。尤其地，自由轴允许借助单独的执行器来切换电动传动机构中所提供的所有档级。此外替选地，切换元件包括两个制动器，其中，未耦联的齿圈、尤其是第一行星齿轮组的齿圈能经由第一制动器固定，并且能经由第二制动器固定住未耦联的太阳轮、尤其是第二行星齿轮组的太阳轮。根据所期望的档级传动比，因此可以在技术上容易地提供两档电动传动机构。此外，最先提及的第一设计方案允许通过闭合唯一的切换元件来挂入每个档级。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，能利用电动传动机构设立两个减速档和一个直接档。直接档能够实现高效的电动传动。通过使用减速档可以应用成本效益高的、重量轻且转速高的电驱动机。可以提供用于节省空间和重量优化的驱动系的电动传动机构。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组径向嵌套。补充地，第一行星齿轮组的行星架和第二行星齿轮组的行星架一件式地实施。由此可以提供成本效益高的且制造快速的电动传动机构。嵌套式齿轮组尤其被理解为，行星齿轮组交错于彼此地布置。换句话说，第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮可以形成第二行星齿轮组的齿圈。因此，行星齿轮组布置在一个齿轮组平面内。由此可以提供极其紧凑且高效的电动传动机构。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，离合器被构造为形状锁合的切换元件，尤其是构造为牙嵌式切换元件。由此可以提供低损耗和成本效益高的电动传动机构。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，电动传动机构恰好包括三个切换元件。由此可以提供易于驱控的、紧凑的、功能广泛的三档电动传动机构。尤其优选能想到的是，通过唯一的执行器来执行三个切换元件。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，电动传动机构在从动侧包括差速器，尤其是球式差速器或直齿传动差速器。此外，电动传动机构还包括轴线平行或同轴地布置的形式为具有整合的差速器的两接片(Steg)五轴传动装置的减速传动装置。由此可以提供能够在技术上容易驱动有效地与机动车车桥连接的电动传动机构。具有整合的差速器的减速传动装置能够实现最高紧凑度的电动传动机构。尤其地，减速传动装置与差速器的组合提供了具有较少齿啮合的电动传动机构，即提供了高效率的电动传动机构。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，电动传动机构包括差速锁。由此可以使电动传动机构的功能范围在技术上容易地得到扩展。尤其地，电动传动机构由此可以被用于全轮驱动车辆，该全轮驱动车辆具有另外的驱动器和包括前述的电动传动机构的电车桥。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，电动传动机构具有>2的总传动比范围。总传动比范围尤其被理解为最低档级的传动比与最高档级的传动比的比。>2的总传动比范围能够实现电动传动机构的大的应用领域。尤其地，利用相对较小的电驱动机可以覆盖广泛的行驶范围。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，两个相邻的档级之间的档间传动比比值<2。由此可以实现各个档级的精细分级。优选地，电驱动机可以在几乎所有的行驶状况的情况下在有利的范围内运行。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，电驱动机可以作为同步设施在电动传动机构的切换期间被驱控。由此可以实现高效的切换。此外，同步设施能够实现使用形状锁合的切换元件。尤其地，可以使用廉价的切换元件，这些切换元件规格尺寸更小，这是因为事先的同步就可以减少切换元件在切换时的负载。
在另外的有利的设计方案中，电动传动机构能与第一机动车车桥驱动有效地连接，其中，第二机动车车桥能与另外的混合动力驱动器连接，并且电驱动机能通过发电机式运行的另外的混合动力驱动器被供应功率，以便设立串行的行驶模式。补充或替选地，电驱动机能作为支持力设施被驱控，以便在另外的混合动力驱动器中进行切换时维持支持力。由此可以提供高效的机动车驱动系。尤其地，可以减少燃料消耗。串行的行驶模式能够即使在储能器为空时也实现电动行驶和起动。通过能作为支持力设施被驱控的电驱动机，可以在技术上容易地在另外的混合动力驱动器中进行切换时提供支持力。行驶舒适性可以在技术上容易地并且在不需要对另外的混合动力驱动器进行修改的情况下得到提高。
行星齿轮组的元件的固定尤其应被理解为阻止元件绕其旋转轴线的转动。优选地，元件在此借助切换元件抗相对转动地与静态的构件，如框架和/或传动装置壳体连接。也能想到的是，将元件制动直到静止状态。
行星齿轮组的联锁包括行星齿轮组的两个齿轮和/或行星架与一个齿轮之间驱动有效地连接，从而使得它们以相同的转数围绕同一点、优选是行星齿轮组的中心共同旋转。在行星齿轮组的两个齿轮和/或行星架和一个齿轮联锁时，行星齿轮组优选如轴那样起作用，尤其是在行星齿轮组中不发生传动比。
在这方面，“驱动有效地连接”应尤其被理解为，两个构件之间不能切换地连接，该连接被设置成用于永久性传递转速、转矩和/或驱动功率。该连接在此可以是直接地或经由固定传动比进行。该连接例如可以经由固定的轴、齿部、尤其是圆柱齿轮齿部和/或缠绕设施、尤其是牵引设施传动装置来实现。
在这方面，“能驱动有效地连接”、“能够驱动有效地被连接”或者“被构造成用于驱动有效地连接”应尤其被理解为两个构件之间能切换地连接，该能切换的连接在闭合状态下被设置成用于暂时传递转速、转矩和/或驱动功率。在断开的状态下，该能切换的连接优选暂时基本上不传递转速、转矩和/或驱动功率。
静态充电或空档下充电应尤其理解为电驱动机作为发电机的运行，尤其是在内燃机运转时处于静止状态的情况下，以便对储能器进行充能和/或为车载电子系统供电。
执行器在当前尤其是将电信号转换成机械运动的构件。优选地，与双切换元件一起使用的执行器实施在两个相反的方向上的运动，以便在第一方向上切换双切换元件的一个切换元件，而在第二方向上切换另一切换元件。
变换档级尤其通过断开切换元件和/或离合器并同时接合用于下一更高或更低的档级的切换元件和/或离合器。因此，第二切换元件和/或第二离合器从第一切换元件和/或第一离合器那里逐步地接管转矩，直到档级变换结束时整个转矩被第二切换元件和/或第二离合器接管。在事先同步的情况下，换档可以更快地进行，优选在此可以使用形状锁合的切换元件。
在串行行驶或蠕行时，机动车的电驱动机由机动车的内燃机发电机式地运行。如此产生的能量然后被提供给机动车的另外的电驱动机，以便提供驱动功率。
电车辆车桥(或简称为电车桥)优选是机动车的非主驱动桥，其中，驱动功率可以借助电驱动机被传递到机动车的车轮上。应理解，电驱动机也可以借助传动装置接驳。当在用于主驱动桥的传动装置中进行换档时，借助电车桥可以完全或部分地维持牵引力。此外，借助电车桥可以至少部分地设立全轮驱动功能。
附图说明
下面参照一些选定的实施例结合附图对本发明进行更详细的描述和阐述。其中：
图1示出具有根据本发明的机动车驱动系的机动车的示意性的俯视图；
图2示出根据本发明的电动传动机构的示意图；
图3示出根据本发明的电动传动机构的另外的变体；
图4示出根据本发明的电动传动机构的另外的变体；
图5示出根据图4的根据本发明的电动传动机构的详细图；
图6示意性地示出根据图2至图5的电动传动机构的切换状态；
图7示出根据本发明的电动传动机构的另外的变体；
图8示出根据本发明的电动传动机构的另外的变体；
图9示出根据图8的根据本发明的电动传动机构的详细图；以及
图10示意性地示出根据图7至图9的电动传动机构的切换状态。
具体实施方式
图1中示意性地示出了具有机动车驱动系12的机动车。机动车驱动系12具有电驱动机14和电动传动机构16。电动传动机构16和电驱动机14形成电车桥，该电车桥在所示的示例中与机动车10的后桥连接。另外的纯的内燃机或混合动力驱动器18与机动车10的前桥作用连接。应理解，也可以进行颠倒的接驳，从而使电车桥与机动车10的前桥连接，而机动车10的后桥包括另外的混合动力驱动器18。借助机动车驱动系12，使得电驱动机14的驱动功率被输送给机动车10的车轮。机动车10还包括储能器20，以便储存用于向电驱动机14供应的能量。
图2中示意性地示出了在机动车驱动系12中的电动传动机构16的一个变体。
机动车驱动系12包括电动传动机构16和电驱动机14，电驱动机的转子22与传动机构输入轴24连接。该传动机构输入轴24与减速传动装置26驱动有效地连接。在所示的示例中，减速传动装置26包括行星齿轮组，其齿圈是固定的，其太阳轮与传动机构输入轴24连接，并且其行星架与换档传动装置28驱动有效地连接。
在所示的示例中，换档传动装置28包括第一行星齿轮组RS1和第二行星齿轮组RS2，它们在径向上交错嵌套。
第一行星齿轮组RS1的太阳轮与第二行星齿轮组RS2的齿圈驱动有效地连接，其中，两个行星齿轮组RS1、RS2布置在一个齿轮组平面内。换句话说，第二行星齿轮组RS2布置在第一行星齿轮组RS1的径向内部。
在换档传动装置28中，第一行星齿轮组RS1的和第二行星齿轮组RS2的两个行星架通过载体轴30驱动有效地连接。载体轴30尤其可以一体式地实施。
载体轴30还与被构造为球式差速器(Kugeldifferential)的差速器32连接，该差速器将来自电动传动机构16的驱动功率传递到第一输出轴34和第二输出轴36上，这两个输出轴优选与机动车10的车轮连接
电动传动机构16还包括第一切换元件B、第二切换元件C和第三切换元件D。
第一切换元件B被构造为离合器，其中，第二切换元件C和第三切换元件D分别被构造为制动器。
第一切换元件B被构造成用于将未耦联的太阳轮，即第二行星齿轮组RS2的太阳轮与传动机构输入轴24连接起来。应理解，在该连接的情况下，预传动比通过减速传动装置26来设立。
被构造为制动器的第二切换元件C被构造成用于固定住第二行星齿轮组RS2的太阳轮，即将其与相对壳体固定的构件抗相对转动地连接起来。
第三切换元件D、即第二制动器被构造成用于固定住未耦联的齿圈，即尤其是第一行星齿轮组RS1的齿圈。
通过切换元件和传动装置构件的这种有利布置方式，使得可以通过电动传动机构16产生具有非常高的效率的两个减速档和一个直接档。两个行星齿轮组RS1、RS2的定轴传动比处于量值<2.2的结构技术上有利的范围内。
应理解，切换元件至少可以部分地构造为牙嵌式切换元件。尤其地，所有的切换元件也可以被实施为摩擦切换元件。
在图2中所示的示例中，从电驱动机14看，减速传动装置前置于换档传动装置。由此可以使电驱动机14的高转速在进入换档传动装置28之前就被降低。
布置在换档传动装置28中的行星齿轮组RS1、RS2被构造为所谓的嵌套式的CC-SR齿轮组，其中，CC被理解为针对两个行星架(英文“carrier”)的连接，且SR被理解为针对太阳轮与齿圈(“S”英文为sun(太阳轮)，“R”英文为ring(齿圈))的连接。
图3示出了根据本发明的电动传动机构16的另外的变体。与图2中所示的实施方式不同，传动机构输入轴24首先与换档传动装置28连接，并然后与减速传动装置26连接。在其他方面，接驳和作用方式与图2中所示的实施方式相同。由于所谓的后置的减速齿轮组，即减速传动装置26在功率流中布置在换档传动装置28后面，所以仅在差速器32之前存在高转矩。
图4中示出了根据本发明的电动传动机构16的另外的变体。与图3中所示的实施方式不同，差速器32和减速传动装置26组合成二接片五轴传动装置。由此可以实现差速器32的功能和如利用减速传动装置26实现的减速比。换句话说，在图4中所示的实施方式中，减速传动装置26还包括差速器。这通过同样的两个径向嵌套的行星齿轮组来实现。
在图5中更详细地且勾勒地示出了根据图4的电动传动机构16。
切换元件B、C、D分别被实施为摩擦切换元件。各个传动装置构件类似于根据图4的示意图地标注。
在图6中，以切换矩阵38的形式示意性地示出了各个切换元件的用于挂入各个档级的切换状态，其中，“X”意味着：各自的切换元件是闭合的，即切换元件与配属给该切换元件的传动装置构件驱动有效地彼此连接。如果在切换矩阵38中没有填写内容，则被视为，各自的切换元件是断开的，即不传递驱动功率。
为了挂入第一档级1G，第三切换元件D被闭合。
第二档级2G可以通过闭合第二切换元件C来设立。
闭合第一切换元件B设立了第三档级3G。
应理解，也可以提供一种双档实施方案，其中，取消一个切换元件。还应理解，在双档变体中不再提供能利用该切换元件挂入的档级。
图7中示出了根据本发明的电动传动机构16的另外的变体。与图2中所示的实施方式不同，CC-SR齿轮组不再径向嵌套，而是以并排的实施方式示出。此外，电动传动机构16包括自由轴40，它能借助切换拨叉42在其轴向定位方面进行移动，并因此分别闭合各个切换元件B、C、D。换句话说，通过沿轴向方向移动自由轴40可以设立每个所需的换档状态以用于切换出三个档级。
电驱动机14的转子22与传动机构输入轴24连接，其中，传动机构输入轴24与第一行星齿轮组RS1的太阳轮和第二行星齿轮组RS2的齿圈连接。两个行星齿轮组RS1、RS2在它们的行星架上利用载体轴30驱动有效地彼此连接，其中，载体轴30还与轴线平行地布置在第一行星齿轮组RS1和第二行星齿轮组RS2上的2接片5轴传动装置驱动有效地作用连接。如图4中所示的实施方式，该2接片5轴传动装置既包括减速功能也包括差速功能，并将驱动功率分配到电动传动机构16的第一输出轴34和第二输出轴36上。
在图7中所示的切换状态下，第一切换元件B和第三切换元件D是闭合的。通过进一步使自由轴40沿轴向方向远离电驱动机14地运动，可以通过布置在自由轴40上的切换元件B、C、D设立起挂入档级所需的连接。第一切换元件B被构造成用于将第二行星齿轮组RS2的太阳轮与自由轴40驱动有效地连接起来。第二切换元件C被构造成用于将第一行星齿轮组RS1的齿圈和自由轴40驱动有效地连接起来。第三切换元件D被构造成用于固定住自由轴40。
图8中示出了根据本发明的电动传动机构16的另外的变体。与图7中所示的实施方案不同，2接片5轴传动装置与第一行星齿轮组RS1和第二行星齿轮组RS2同轴地但与之轴向错开地布置。相对于第一行星齿轮组RS1和第二行星齿轮组RS2，2接片5轴传动装置布置在与电驱动机14对置的一侧上。在自由轴40上的接驳方式和电动传动机构16中的其他接驳方式与图7中所示的实施方式类似。在图8中所示的状态下，第二切换元件C和第三切换元件D因此是闭合的。自由轴40因此被固定并与第一行星齿轮组RS1的齿圈驱动有效地连接。
图9中更详细勾勒地示出了根据图8中所示的电动传动机构16。相同的附图标记涉及相同的特征，并且不再阐述。与图8中所示的实施方式的示意图不同，图9中所示的实施方式包括差速锁S，该差速锁被构造成用于将两个输出轴34、36驱动有效地彼此连接起来。在所示的示例中，这通过如下方式来实现，即，在所示的实施方式中将差速锁S向右轴向接合以引起形状锁合的连接。
在图10中，以类似于根据图6的切换矩阵38的切换矩阵44示出用于挂入根据图7至图9的电动传动机构16的档级1G、2G、3G的切换状态。
为了挂入第一档级1G，第二切换元件C和第三切换元件D被闭合。
第二档级2G通过闭合第一切换元件B和第三切换元件D来设立。
第三档级3G通过闭合第一切换元件B和第二切换元件C来设立。
参照附图和说明，对本发明进行了全面的描述和阐述。该描述和阐述应被作为示例且不受限制地来理解。本发明不限于所公开的实施方式。对于本领域技术人员来说在使用本发明的情况下以及在仔细分析附图、公开内容和接下来的权利要求书的情况下将得到其他的实施方案或变体。
在权利要求中，“包括”和“具有”这些词并不排除存在另外的元件或步骤。不定冠词“一个”或“某个”并不排除存在多个。单一的元件或单一的单元可以实施专利权利要求书中所述的单元中的多个单元的功能。仅仅在多个不同的从属权利要求中提到一些措施不应被理解为这些措施的组合不可以有利地使用。专利权利要求书中的附图标记不应被限制性地理解。用于运行机动车驱动系12的方法例如可以以在用于机动车驱动系12的控制器上实施的计算机程序的形式来实现。计算机程序可以存储/分配在非易失性数据载体上，例如，在光存储器或固态硬盘(SSD)上。计算机程序可以与硬件一起和/或作为硬件的一部分分配，例如借助互联网或借助有线或无线的通信系统分配。
附图标记列表
10 机动车
12 机动车驱动系
14 电驱动机
16 电动传动机构
18 混合动力驱动器
20 储能器
22 转子
24 传动机构输入轴
26 减速传动装置
28 换档传动装置
30 载体轴
32 差速器
34 第一输出轴
36 第二输出轴
38 切换矩阵
40 自由轴
42 切换拨叉
44 切换矩阵
B-D切换元件
RS1第一行星齿轮组
RS2第二行星齿轮组
S差速锁

Claims (15)

1.用于机动车(10)的机动车驱动系(12)的电动传动机构(16)，所述电动传动机构具有：
传动机构输入轴(24)，以用于将所述电动传动机构与所述机动车的电驱动机(14)作用连接；
减速传动装置(26)，以用降低所述电驱动机的转速；
换档传动装置(28)，以用于设立档级，所述换档传动装置包括第一行星齿轮组(RS1)和第二行星齿轮组(RS2)；
第一输出轴(34)和第二输出轴(36)，以用于传递来自所述电动传动机构的驱动功率；以及
多个档位切换设备，所述档位切换设备具有用于挂入档级的切换元件(B、C、D)；其中，
所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架与所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架驱动有效地连接；
所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳轮与所述第二行星齿轮组的齿圈驱动有效地连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动传动机构(16)，其中，
所述切换元件(B、C、D)包括离合器和两个制动器，其中，未耦联的太阳轮能借助离合器(B)与驱动轴连接，及能借助第一制动器(C)固定，而未耦联的齿圈能借助第二制动器(D)固定；
所述切换元件包括制动器和两个离合器，其中，自由轴(40)能经由第一离合器(C)与未耦联的齿圈连接；所述自由轴能经由第二离合器(B)与未耦联的太阳轮连接；并且所述自由轴能经由制动器(D)固定；或者
所述切换元件包括两个制动器，其中，未耦联的齿圈能经由第一制动器(C)固定，并且未耦联的太阳轮能经由第二制动器(B)固定。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电动传动机构(16)，其中，利用所述电动传动机构能设立两个减速档和一个直接档。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电动传动机构(16)，其中，所述第一行星齿轮组(RS1)和所述第二行星齿轮组(RS)径向嵌套；并且
所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架和所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架一件式地实施。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电动传动机构(16)，其中，所述离合器被构造为形状锁合的切换元件，尤其是牙嵌式切换元件。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电动传动机构(16)，其中，所述电动传动机构包括恰好三个切换元件(B、C、D)。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电动传动机构(16)，其中，
所述电动传动机构在从动侧包括差速器(32)，尤其是球式差速器或直齿传动差速器，或者包括
轴线平行或同轴地布置的形式为具有整合的差速器(32)的2接片5轴传动装置的减速传动装置。
8.根据前述权利要求所述的电动传动机构(16)，其中，所述电动传动机构包括差速锁(S)。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电动传动机构(16)，其中，所述电动传动机构具有大于2的总传动比范围。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电动传动机构(16)，其中，
两个相邻档级之间的档间传动比比值小于2。
11.用于机动车(10)的机动车驱动系(12)，所述机动车驱动系具有：
根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电动传动机构(16)；以及
与传动机构输入轴(24)驱动有效地连接的电驱动机(14)。
12.根据权利要求11的机动车驱动系(12)，其中，所述电驱动机能作为同步设施在所述电动传动机构中进行切换期间被驱控。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的机动车驱动系(12)，其中，所述电动传动机构(16)能与第一机动车车桥驱动有效地连接，第二机动车车桥能与另外的混合动力驱动器(18)连接；并且所述电驱动机(14)
能通过发电机式运行的另外的混合动力驱动器(18)被供应功率，以便设立串行的行驶模式；和/或
能作为支持力设施被驱控，以便在所述另外的混合动力驱动器中进行切换时维持支持力。
14.用于运行根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的机动车驱动系(12)的方法。
15.机动车，所述机动车具有：
根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的机动车驱动系(12)；以及
储能器(20)，以用于储存能量来供应电驱动机(14)。
CN202211618006.6A 2022-03-31 2022-12-15 用于电车桥的传动机构 Pending CN116890626A (zh)

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