CN116886151A - Frequency offset compensation method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

This application provides a frequency offset compensation method and device, which can solve the problem of large downlink frequency offset, thereby improving the decoding success rate of downlink signals, and can be applied to communication systems. The method includes: the terminal device acquires the first frequency offset. The first frequency offset is one of a plurality of candidate frequency offsets for which the synchronization signal and the broadcast channel block SSB have been successfully decoded. Multiple candidate frequency offsets are determined by the terminal equipment based on frequency intervals, and the frequency interval between two adjacent frequency offsets among the multiple candidate frequency offsets is smaller than the subcarrier interval. The terminal equipment performs frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset.

Description

Frequency offset compensation method and device

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a frequency offset compensation method and device.

Background technique

Satellite communication is a type of non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication. Compared with terrestrial network communication, satellite communication has the characteristics of wide coverage and is not susceptible to natural disasters or external damage, and can be used for areas that cannot be covered by terrestrial networks. Provides communication services in the area. In satellite communication systems, satellites move at high speed relative to the ground, so a large Doppler frequency deviation will occur between the satellite and the terminal equipment.

Currently, uplink frequency offset compensation can be performed based on terminal equipment. Specifically, the terminal device can use the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and the satellite's ephemeris information, such as the satellite's semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, and mean Point angle and reference time, etc., are used to obtain the Doppler frequency offset, and then when sending uplink signals, frequency offset compensation is performed in advance based on the Doppler frequency offset.

However, the above uplink frequency offset compensation scheme can only compensate for the frequency offset of uplink signals, while downlink signals, such as synchronization signals and physical broadcast channel blocks (SSB), still have large frequency offsets, which will cause downlink The decoding success rate of the signal is low. In addition, the above frequency offset compensation scheme requires obtaining GNSS information, which has low applicability.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present application provide a frequency offset compensation method and device, which can solve the problem of large downlink frequency offset, thereby improving the decoding success rate of downlink signals.

In order to achieve the above purpose, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

In the first aspect, a frequency offset compensation method is provided. The frequency offset compensation method includes: the terminal device acquires the first frequency offset. The first frequency offset is one of a plurality of candidate frequency offsets for which the synchronization signal and the broadcast channel block SSB have been successfully decoded. Multiple candidate frequency offsets are determined by the terminal equipment based on frequency intervals, and the frequency interval between two adjacent frequency offsets among the multiple candidate frequency offsets is smaller than the subcarrier interval. The terminal equipment performs frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method provided in the first aspect, the terminal device can determine multiple candidate frequency offsets according to the frequency interval, and determine the candidate frequency offset that can successfully decode SSB among the multiple candidate frequency offsets as the first frequency offset, and then determine the candidate frequency offset according to The first frequency offset performs frequency offset compensation, in which the frequency interval is smaller than the subcarrier interval. In this way, frequency scanning based on the subcarrier interval can be avoided and the frequency sweep granularity can be reduced to improve the accuracy of frequency offset compensation of the downlink signal and thereby reduce the frequency offset. The impact of small frequency offset on downlink signals improves the decoding success rate of downlink data.

In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, it is possible to avoid using the location information of the terminal device to determine the first frequency offset, thereby improving applicability.

In a possible design solution, the terminal device obtains the first frequency offset, which may include: the terminal device obtains multiple candidate frequency offsets according to frequency intervals. The terminal device decodes the SSB individually based on each candidate frequency offset. The terminal device determines one of the candidate frequency offsets that successfully decodes the SSB as the first frequency offset.

Optionally, the terminal device determines one of the candidate frequency offsets of the successfully decoded SSB as the first frequency offset, which may include: the terminal device determines the candidate frequency offset corresponding to the SSB with the best signal quality among the successfully decoded SSBs as the first frequency offset. One frequency deviation. Wherein, the first frequency offset is an integer multiple of the frequency interval, that is, the coarse frequency offset. In this way, determining the candidate frequency offset corresponding to the SSB with the best signal quality as the first frequency offset can reduce the impact of interference signals and obtain a more accurate first frequency offset, thereby further improving the decoding success rate of downlink signals.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation method provided in the first aspect may further include: the terminal device obtains the second frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB. Among them, the second frequency deviation is smaller than the frequency interval, that is, the fine frequency deviation. The terminal device performing frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset may include: the terminal device performing frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset. In this way, the terminal equipment can perform more precise frequency offset compensation to further reduce the frequency offset of the downlink signal, thereby further improving the decoding success rate of the downlink signal.

In the second aspect, a frequency offset compensation method is provided. The frequency offset compensation method includes: the terminal device obtains a third frequency offset. Among them, the third frequency offset is determined based on the first ephemeris information and the position of the terminal equipment. The first ephemeris information includes one or more of the following: semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, and perigee Argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time. The terminal equipment performs downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method provided in the second aspect, the terminal device can obtain the third frequency offset according to the first ephemeris information and the position of the terminal device, and then perform downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset. In this way, the frequency offset can be reduced The impact on downlink signals, for example, the terminal equipment can decode the downlink signal based on the frequency point after frequency offset compensation, thereby improving the decoding success rate of the downlink signal.

In a possible design solution, the terminal device obtains the third frequency offset, which may include: the terminal device obtains the third frequency offset according to the first ephemeris information and the location of the terminal device.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation method provided in the second aspect may also include: the terminal device decoding the SSB according to the third frequency offset. The third frequency offset is a frequency offset determined based on the first ephemeris information and the location of the terminal device, that is, a coarse frequency offset. In this way, the terminal device performs frequency offset compensation on the SSB according to the third frequency offset, and decodes the SSB based on the frequency offset compensation, which can reduce the impact of the frequency offset on the SSB, thereby improving the decoding success rate of the SSB.

Further, the frequency offset compensation method provided in the second aspect may also include: the terminal device obtains the fourth frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB. Among them, the fourth frequency deviation is smaller than the third frequency deviation, that is, the fourth frequency deviation is a fine frequency deviation. The terminal device performs downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset, which may include: the terminal device performs downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset and the fourth frequency offset. In this way, the terminal equipment can perform more precise frequency offset compensation to further reduce the impact of frequency offset on the downlink signal, thereby further improving the decoding success rate of the downlink signal.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation method provided in the second aspect may also include: the terminal device receives auxiliary system information. Among them, the auxiliary system information carries second ephemeris information. The first ephemeris information is updated according to the second ephemeris information. The second ephemeris information may include one or more of the following: semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time. In this way, the terminal device updates the first ephemeris information based on the received second ephemeris information, and can determine the third frequency offset based on the real-time ephemeris information of the satellite when the satellite is moving, thereby reducing the third frequency offset caused by changes in satellite position. The frequency offset error further improves the accuracy of frequency offset compensation, thereby further improving the decoding success rate of downlink signals.

In the third aspect, a frequency offset compensation method is provided. The frequency offset compensation method includes: the network device obtains the fifth frequency offset based on the third ephemeris information and geographical information. Among them, the third ephemeris information includes one or more of the following: semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time. Geographic information is used to indicate the location of a network device's coverage area. The network device sends the synchronization signal and the downlink broadcast channel block SSB according to the fifth frequency offset.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method provided by the third aspect, the network device can obtain the fifth frequency offset based on the third ephemeris information and geographical information, and send SSB according to the fifth frequency offset. In this way, the SSB frequency offset can be compensated in advance to ensure Reduce the frequency offset of SSB arriving at the terminal device, thereby improving the SSB decoding success rate.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation method provided in the third aspect may further include: the network device sends auxiliary system information or downlink control signaling according to the fifth frequency offset. The auxiliary system information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform frequency offset compensation according to the fifth frequency offset. The fifth frequency offset is a frequency offset determined based on ephemeris information and geographical information, that is, a coarse frequency offset. In this way, the terminal equipment is instructed through the auxiliary system information to perform frequency offset compensation according to the fifth frequency offset, and each terminal equipment can perform frequency offset compensation according to the corresponding The fifth frequency offset carries out coarse frequency offset compensation for other downlink signals or downlink channels except SSB and auxiliary system information, which can avoid network equipment from frequently adjusting the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator when sending data signals to different terminal equipment, thus reducing the network Device overhead and reduce the time to adjust the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator, thereby improving communication efficiency.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation method provided by the third aspect may also include: the network device sends signals other than SSB in the downlink signal according to the fifth frequency offset. The fifth frequency offset is the frequency offset determined based on the ephemeris information and geographical information, that is, the coarse frequency offset. In this way, the coarse frequency offset compensation of the downlink data signal by the network equipment can simplify the operation of the terminal equipment, thereby improving the decoding of the terminal equipment. efficiency.

The fourth aspect provides a frequency offset compensation method. The frequency offset compensation method includes: the network device obtains a time advance. Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. Network device sending time advance amount. Among them, the time advance is used for terminal equipment in the coverage area to send signals to network equipment.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method provided in the fourth aspect, the network device obtains the time advance and sends the time advance to the terminal device, where the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. In this way, the network device can determine the timing advance based on the coverage area of the network device. For example, the network device can use the location within the coverage area as the location of the terminal device, thereby avoiding the use of the GNSS information of the terminal device to obtain frequency offset and improving applicability. .

In a possible design solution, the network device obtains the time advance, which may include: the network device obtains the time advance based on the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area.

For example, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be the center location of the coverage area of the network device. Alternatively, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be multiple locations within the coverage area.

In a possible design solution, the timing advance may be carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information block or downlink control signaling. In this way, the terminal device can receive the time advance before sending the uplink signal, and send the signal according to the time advance, so that the signal can reach the network device on time and improve the reception success rate.

The fifth aspect provides a frequency offset compensation method. The frequency offset compensation method includes: terminal equipment receiving time advance amount. Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. The terminal device sends a signal to the network device according to the time advance.

In a possible design solution, the time advance can be determined based on the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device.

In a possible design solution, the timing advance may be carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information block or downlink control signaling.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the fifth aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the fourth aspect, which will not be described again here.

In a sixth aspect, a frequency offset compensation method is provided. The frequency offset compensation method includes: a network device obtains a time advance. Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. Network devices receive signals based on the timing advance.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method provided in the sixth aspect, the network device obtains the time advance and receives the signal from the terminal device according to the time advance, where the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. In this way, the network device can determine the timing advance based on the coverage area of the network device. For example, the network device can use the location within the coverage area as the location of the terminal device, thereby avoiding the use of the GNSS information of the terminal device to obtain frequency offset and improving applicability. .

In a possible design solution, the network device obtaining the time advance may include: the network device obtains the time advance according to the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device.

For example, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be the center location of the coverage area of the network device. Alternatively, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be multiple locations within the coverage area.

In a possible design solution, the network device receives the signal according to the time advance, which may include: the network device receives the signal from the terminal device with a delayed time advance. In this way, the network device can receive the signal on time when the signal reaches the network device, thereby improving the reception success rate.

In a seventh aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided. The frequency offset compensation device includes: an acquisition module and a compensation module. Among them, the acquisition module is used to acquire the first frequency offset. The first frequency offset is one of a plurality of candidate frequency offsets for which the synchronization signal and the broadcast channel block SSB have been successfully decoded. Multiple candidate frequency offsets are determined by the terminal equipment based on frequency intervals, and the frequency interval between two adjacent frequency offsets among the multiple candidate frequency offsets is smaller than the subcarrier interval. A compensation module, configured to perform frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset.

In one possible design solution, the acquisition module is used to acquire multiple candidate frequency offsets according to the frequency interval, and decode the SSB according to each candidate frequency offset. The acquisition module is configured to determine one of the candidate frequency offsets that successfully decodes the SSB as the first frequency offset.

Optionally, the acquisition module is configured to determine the candidate frequency offset corresponding to the SSB with the best signal quality among the successfully decoded SSBs as the first frequency offset.

In a possible design solution, the acquisition module is also used to acquire the second frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB. Wherein, the second frequency deviation is smaller than the frequency interval. A compensation module, configured to perform frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset.

Optionally, the acquisition module and the compensation module can be integrated into one module, such as a processing module. The processing module is used to implement the processing function of the frequency offset compensation device.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device according to the seventh aspect may further include a storage module storing programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device can execute the frequency offset compensation method described in the first aspect.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device described in the seventh aspect may further include a transceiver module. Among them, the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device described in the seventh aspect may be a terminal device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be installed in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device. There are no restrictions on this application.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device described in the seventh aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the first aspect, which will not be described again here.

In an eighth aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided. The frequency offset compensation device includes: an acquisition module and a compensation module. Acquisition module, used to obtain the third frequency offset. Among them, the third frequency offset is determined based on the first ephemeris information and the position of the terminal equipment. The first ephemeris information includes one or more of the following: semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, and perigee Argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time. The compensation module is used to perform downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset.

In one possible design solution, the acquisition module is used to acquire the third frequency offset based on the first ephemeris information and the location of the terminal device.

Optionally, the compensation module is also used to decode SSB according to the third frequency offset.

Further, the acquisition module is configured to acquire the fourth frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB. Among them, the fourth frequency deviation is smaller than the third frequency deviation. The compensation module is used to perform downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset and the fourth frequency offset.

In one possible design solution, the acquisition module is also used to receive auxiliary system information. Among them, the auxiliary system information carries second ephemeris information. The acquisition module is also used to update the first ephemeris information according to the second ephemeris information. The second ephemeris information may include one or more of the following: semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time.

Optionally, the acquisition module and the compensation module can be integrated into one module, such as a processing module. The processing module is used to implement the processing function of the frequency offset compensation device.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device according to the eighth aspect may further include a storage module that stores programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device can execute the frequency offset compensation method described in the second aspect.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device described in the eighth aspect may further include a transceiver module. Among them, the transceiver module is used to realize the sending function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device described in the eighth aspect may be a terminal device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be installed in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device. There are no restrictions on this application.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device described in the eighth aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the second aspect, which will not be described again here.

In a ninth aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided. The frequency offset compensation device includes: a processing module and a transceiver module. The processing module is used to obtain the fifth frequency offset based on the third ephemeris information and geographical information. Among them, the third ephemeris information includes one or more of the following: semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time. Geographic information is used to indicate the location of a network device's coverage area. The transceiver module is used to send the synchronization signal and the downlink broadcast channel block SSB according to the fifth frequency offset.

In a possible design solution, the transceiver module is also used to send auxiliary system information or downlink control signaling according to the fifth frequency offset. The auxiliary system information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform frequency offset compensation according to the fifth frequency offset.

Optionally, the transceiver module is also configured to send signals other than SSB among the downlink signals according to the fifth frequency offset.

Optionally, the transceiver module may include a receiving module and a sending module. Wherein, the transceiver module is used to implement the transmitting function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device described in the ninth aspect.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device according to the ninth aspect may further include a storage module storing programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device can perform the frequency offset compensation method described in the third aspect.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device described in the ninth aspect may be a network device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be installed in the network device, or a device including a network device. There are no restrictions on this application.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device described in the ninth aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the third aspect, which will not be described again here.

In a tenth aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided. The frequency offset compensation device includes: a processing module and a transceiver module. Processing module, used to obtain the time advance. Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. Transceiver module, used to send time advance. The time advance is used for terminal devices within the coverage area of the network device to send signals to the network device.

In one possible design solution, the processing module is used to obtain the time advance based on the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area.

In a possible design solution, the timing advance is carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information block or downlink control signaling.

Optionally, the transceiver module may include a receiving module and a sending module. Wherein, the transceiver module is used to implement the transmitting function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device described in the tenth aspect.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device according to the tenth aspect may further include a storage module that stores programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device can perform the frequency offset compensation method described in the fourth aspect.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device described in the tenth aspect may be a network device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be installed in the network device, or a device including a network device. There are no restrictions on this application.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device described in the tenth aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the fourth aspect, which will not be described again here.

In an eleventh aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided. The frequency offset compensation device includes: a receiving module and a transmitting module. The receiving module is used to receive the time advance. Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. The sending module is used to send signals to network devices according to the time advance.

In a possible design solution, the time advance is determined based on the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device.

In a possible design solution, the timing advance is carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information block or downlink control signaling.

Optionally, the transceiver module may include a receiving module and a sending module. Wherein, the transceiver module is used to implement the transmitting function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device described in the eleventh aspect.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device according to the eleventh aspect may further include a storage module that stores programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device can perform the frequency offset compensation method described in the fifth aspect.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device described in the eleventh aspect may be a terminal device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be installed in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device, This application does not limit this.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device described in the eleventh aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the fifth aspect, which will not be described again here.

In a twelfth aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided. The frequency offset compensation device includes: a processing module and a transceiver module. Among them, the processing module is used to obtain the time advance. Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. The transceiver module is used to receive signals according to the time advance.

In one possible design solution, the processing module is used to obtain the time advance based on the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device.

For example, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be the center location of the coverage area of the network device. Alternatively, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be multiple locations within the coverage area.

In one possible design solution, the transceiver module is used to receive signals from the terminal device with a delay time in advance.

Optionally, the transceiver module may include a receiving module and a sending module. Wherein, the transceiver module is used to realize the transmitting function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device described in the twelfth aspect.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device according to the twelfth aspect may further include a storage module that stores programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device can perform the frequency offset compensation method described in the sixth aspect.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device described in the twelfth aspect may be a network device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be installed in the network device, or a device including a network device. This application does not limit this.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device described in the twelfth aspect can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the sixth aspect, which will not be described again here.

In a thirteenth aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided. The frequency offset compensation device is used to perform the frequency offset compensation method described in any one of the implementation modes of the first to sixth aspects.

In this application, the frequency offset compensation device described in the thirteenth aspect may be the terminal equipment described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the third aspect, the fourth aspect, or the third aspect. The network equipment described in any of the six aspects, or the chip (system) or other components or components that can be disposed in the terminal equipment or network equipment, or the device including the terminal equipment or network equipment.

It should be understood that the frequency offset compensation device described in the thirteenth aspect includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the frequency offset compensation method described in any one of the first to sixth aspects, and the module, The unit or means can be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units for performing functions involved in the above frequency offset compensation method.

In a fourteenth aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided. The frequency offset compensation device includes: a processor, the processor is configured to execute the frequency offset compensation method described in any one of the possible implementations of the first to sixth aspects.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation device described in the fourteenth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver can be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver can be used for communication between the frequency offset compensation device described in the fourteenth aspect and other frequency offset compensation devices.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation device described in the fourteenth aspect may further include a memory. This memory can be integrated with the processor or provided separately. The memory may be used to store computer programs and/or data involved in the frequency offset compensation method described in any one of the first to sixth aspects.

In this application, the frequency offset compensation device described in the fourteenth aspect may be the terminal equipment described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the third aspect, the fourth aspect, or the third aspect. The network equipment described in any of the six aspects, or the chip (system) or other components or components that can be disposed in the terminal equipment or network equipment, or the device including the terminal equipment or network equipment.

In a fifteenth aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided. The frequency offset compensation device includes: a processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, and the processor is used to execute a computer program stored in the memory, so that the frequency offset compensation device performs any one of the possible methods of the first to sixth aspects. Implement the frequency offset compensation method described in the method.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation device described in the fifteenth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver can be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver can be used for communication between the frequency offset compensation device described in the fifteenth aspect and other frequency offset compensation devices.

In this application, the frequency offset compensation device described in the fifteenth aspect may be the terminal equipment described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the third aspect, the fourth aspect, or the fifth aspect. The network equipment described in any of the six aspects, or the chip (system) or other components or components that can be disposed in the terminal equipment or network equipment, or the device including the terminal equipment or network equipment.

In a sixteenth aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided, including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the frequency offset compensation device executes the first aspect to the frequency offset compensation method described in any implementation manner of the sixth aspect.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation device described in the sixteenth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver can be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver can be used for communication between the frequency offset compensation device described in the sixteenth aspect and other frequency offset compensation devices.

In this application, the frequency offset compensation device described in the sixteenth aspect may be the terminal equipment described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the third aspect, the fourth aspect, or the third aspect. The network equipment described in any of the six aspects, or the chip (system) or other components or components that can be disposed in the terminal equipment or network equipment, or the device including the terminal equipment or network equipment.

In a seventeenth aspect, a frequency offset compensation device is provided, including: a processor; the processor is configured to be coupled to a memory, and after reading the computer program in the memory, execute the first to sixth aspects according to the computer program. The frequency offset compensation method described in any implementation manner in the aspect.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation device described in the seventeenth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver can be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver can be used for communication between the frequency offset compensation device described in the seventeenth aspect and other frequency offset compensation devices.

In this application, the frequency offset compensation device described in the seventeenth aspect may be the terminal equipment described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, or the fifth aspect, or the third aspect, the fourth aspect, or the third aspect. The network equipment described in any of the six aspects, or the chip (system) or other components or components that can be disposed in the terminal equipment or network equipment, or the device including the terminal equipment or network equipment.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device described in the thirteenth to seventeenth aspects can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the first to sixth aspects, and will not be described again here.

In an eighteenth aspect, a processor is provided. Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the frequency offset compensation method described in any possible implementation manner of the first to sixth aspects.

In a nineteenth aspect, a communication system is provided. The communication system includes one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.

In a twentieth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, including: a computer program or instructions; when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute any one of the possible methods of the first to sixth aspects. Implement the frequency offset compensation method described in the method.

In a twenty-first aspect, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute any one of the possible implementation methods of the first to sixth aspects. The frequency offset compensation method.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between frequency offset and the elevation angle of the terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart 1 of the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of candidate frequency offsets provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart 2 of the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart three of the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the location of the coverage area of the network device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 8 is a schematic flowchart 4 of the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 9 is a schematic flow chart 5 of the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency offset compensation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of the frequency offset compensation device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram three of the frequency offset compensation device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram 4 of the frequency offset compensation device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram 5 of a frequency offset compensation device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

To facilitate understanding, the prior art related to this application is first introduced below.

In the current communication system, the terminal device can be based on the terminal device's position information and ephemeris information (such as the satellite's semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time) Obtain the frequency offset and uplink timing advance (TA), and then perform frequency offset compensation on the uplink data based on the frequency offset, and/or compensate for the transmission delay based on the timing advance. However, in this solution, the downlink frequency offset is large, and the decoding success rate of downlink public signals, such as SSB, is low. Since the decoding results of signals other than downlink signals are related to the decoding results of SSB, in the case where SSB decoding fails, decoding of other signals other than SSB cannot be performed. In addition, even if SSB decoding is successful, due to the loose decoding conditions of SSB, if the frequency offset estimation based on SSB is not accurate enough, it may cause the decoding of other signals other than SSB to fail. In other words, there is also a problem of low decoding success rate for signals other than downlink signals.

In addition, in the above-mentioned scheme for obtaining frequency offset, the location information of the terminal device needs to be determined based on GNSS, which has the problem of low adaptability.

In addition, the terminal device needs to obtain the timing advance (TA) based on the location information and ephemeris information of the terminal device to send the uplink signal in advance. The process of obtaining the time advance requires relying on the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to obtain the position of the terminal device, which has low applicability.

The technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application are first introduced below.

1. Doppler shift refers to the change in phase and frequency due to the difference in propagation distance when one device moves in a certain direction relative to another device at a certain rate.

For example, in a satellite communication system, Doppler frequency shift will occur between the satellite and the terminal equipment, and the Doppler frequency shift is related to the elevation degree of the terminal equipment and the altitude of the satellite. When the satellite altitude is determined, the Doppler frequency shift is related to the elevation angle of the terminal equipment. Taking a satellite in low earth orbit (LEO) with an orbital altitude of 500 kilometers (kilometer, km) as an example, the satellite's flight speed is as high as 7.6 kilometers per second (kilometer per second, km/s). As shown in Figure 1, the Doppler frequency shift of the satellite relative to the ground-stationary terminal equipment can reach 500 kilohertz (kHz). As the elevation angle of the terminal equipment gradually increases, the Doppler frequency shift gradually decreases. Among them, the elevation angle of the terminal equipment is the angle between the connection between the terminal equipment and the satellite relative to the ground.

In the embodiments of the present application, Doppler frequency shift may also be called Doppler frequency offset. For example, it may be simply called frequency offset. In the following embodiments, frequency offset will be used for explanation.

2. Timing advance (TA) refers to the transmission delay caused by distance when the UE uplink signal reaches the network device. The terminal device can send the uplink signal in advance. For example, if the terminal device sends an uplink signal to the network device and hopes that the uplink signal reaches the base station at time T1, and the transmission delay between the terminal device and the base station is TA1, the terminal device can send the uplink signal at time T1-TA1.

The technical solutions in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as satellite communication systems, Internet of Vehicles communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, Global interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, such as new radio (NR) system, and future communication systems, such as sixth generation 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, etc.

This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features in terms of systems, which may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that various systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and/or may not include all devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in connection with the figures. Additionally, a combination of these scenarios can be used.

In addition, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described herein as "example" is not intended to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word example is intended to present a concept in a concrete way.

In the embodiments of this application, "information", "signal", "message", "channel" and "signaling" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings they convey are the same. "Of", "corresponding, relevant" and "corresponding" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference is not emphasized, the meanings they convey are consistent.

In the embodiments of this application, sometimes a subscript such as W ₁ may be mistakenly written as a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are consistent.

The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of explaining the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application more clearly, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. Those of ordinary skill in the art will know that with the network With the evolution of architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application is first described in detail, taking the communication system shown in FIG. 2 as an example. Exemplarily, FIG. 2 is an architectural schematic diagram of a communication system to which the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application is applicable. As shown in Figure 2, the communication system includes at least one network device 210 (shown as 210a in Figure 2, or 210a and 210b) and at least one terminal device 220 (shown as 220a or 220b in Figure 2).

The network device 210 is a device located on the network side of the communication system and has a wireless transceiver function, or a chip or chip system that can be installed on the device. The network equipment includes but is not limited to: satellites, aircraft or unmanned aerial systems (UAS). Alternatively, the network device may be a device installed on a satellite, aircraft or UAS and has a wireless transceiver function, or a chip or chip system that may be installed on the device. Alternatively, the network device may be an evolved Node B (eNB), a radio network controller (RNC), a Node B (NB), a base station controller (BSC), Base transceiver station (BTS), baseband unit (BBU), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., can also be 5G , such as gNB in the new radio (NR) system, or transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels of the base station in the 5G system, or, it can also It is a network node that constitutes a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or a distributed unit (DU), etc.

The above-mentioned terminal device 220 is a terminal that accesses the above-mentioned communication system and has a wireless transceiver function, or a chip or chip system that can be installed in the terminal. The terminal equipment 220 may also be referred to as a satellite television receiver, user device, access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, User agent or user device. The terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, or an augmented reality (AR) terminal device. , wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation security Wireless terminals in safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, vehicle-mounted terminals, RSUs with terminal functions, etc. The terminal device of this application can also be a vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted component, vehicle-mounted chip or vehicle-mounted unit built into the vehicle as one or more components or units. The vehicle uses the built-in vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted module, Vehicle-mounted components, vehicle-mounted chips or vehicle-mounted units can implement the frequency offset compensation method provided by this application.

The communication system shown in Figure 2 may also include a connection device 230, such as a gateway, where the network device 210 can communicate with the connection device 230 through a wireless link, and the connection device 230 can communicate with the core network 240.

If the network device 210 is 210a shown in Figure 2, then 210a can communicate with the terminal device 220 through a service link, and 210a can communicate with the connection device 230 through a feeder link.

If the network device 210 includes 210a and 210b shown in Figure 2, then 210a can communicate with the terminal device 210 through a service link, 210a can communicate with 210b through an inter-satellite link (ISL), and 210b can communicate through a feed The electrical link communicates with connecting device 230 . In this case, 210a can be used to relay the signal, and 210b can be used to perform encoding and decoding operations on the signal, etc. For example, after 210b encodes the first signal that needs to be sent to the terminal 220, it sends the encoded first signal to 210a, and 210a sends the encoded first signal to the terminal device 220. Alternatively, 210a may receive the second signal from the terminal device 220 and send the second signal to 210b. After receiving the second signal, 210b may then decode the second signal.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiments of this application can be applied between the network equipment and the terminal equipment shown in Figure 2. For specific implementation, please refer to the following method embodiments, which will not be described again here.

It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems, and the corresponding names can also be replaced with the names of corresponding functions in other communication systems.

It should be understood that FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram for ease of understanding. The communication system may also include other network devices and/or other terminal devices, which are not shown in FIG. 2 .

The frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 3-9.

Exemplarily, FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart 1 of a frequency offset compensation method provided by an embodiment of the present application. This frequency offset compensation method can be applied to the communication between the network equipment and the terminal equipment shown in Figure 1.

As shown in Figure 3, the frequency offset compensation method includes the following steps:

S301, the terminal device obtains the first frequency offset.

Wherein, the first frequency offset is one of the plurality of candidate frequency offsets that has successfully decoded the synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel block (SSB). Multiple candidate frequency offsets are determined by the terminal equipment based on frequency intervals, and the frequency interval between two adjacent frequency offsets among the multiple candidate frequency offsets is smaller than a sub-carrier space (SCS).

In the embodiment of the present application, the frequency interval may be the frequency difference between two adjacent frequency points used for blind detection of SSB. It should be noted that there are no other frequency points used for blind detection of SSB between two adjacent frequency points used for blind detection of SSB. For example, frequency points used for blind detection of SSB include frequency points A1 to frequency points A4. Among them, frequency point A1 < frequency point A2 < frequency point A3 < frequency point A4, then frequency point A1 and frequency point A2 are adjacent frequency points, frequency point A2 and frequency point A3 are adjacent frequency points, frequency point A3 and frequency point A4 are two adjacent frequency points. The frequency interval is the frequency difference between frequency point A2 and frequency point A1, or the frequency difference between frequency point A3 and frequency point A2, or the frequency difference between frequency point A4 and frequency point A3.

Specifically, the frequency interval can be determined according to the following formula (1):

-π≤2πf _d ≤π; (1)

Among them, f _d is the Doppler frequency offset, and T represents the distance between the OFDM symbols of the two reference signals, that is, between the (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM) symbols of the two complete broadcast channels (physical broadcast channel, PBCH). The distance, T=2*Ts, s is the symbol length of OFDM.

According to the above formula (1), the frequency interval can be obtained to satisfy the following formula (2):

|f _d |≤1/2*2*T _s ; (2)

Among them, |f _d | is the frequency interval.

For example, if the subcarrier spacing is 120kHz, the frequency spacing can be calculated to be ≤28kHz, that is, the actually determined frequency spacing is less than or equal to |f _d |, for example, it can be 25kHz.

In a possible design solution, in the above S301, the terminal device obtains the first frequency offset, which may include steps 1 to 3.

Step 1: The terminal device obtains multiple candidate frequency offsets based on frequency intervals.

For example, when the terminal device establishes a connection with the network device, such as when the terminal device enters the coverage area of the network device from an area without network coverage, or when the terminal device switches from a shutdown state to a power-on state, the above step 1 is performed. . For example, after the terminal device is powered on, you can perform step 1 above. That is to say, in the process of establishing a connection, the terminal device scans the frequency according to the frequency interval, and then determines multiple candidate frequency offsets.

For example, the terminal device may determine the product of each different frequency offset coefficient and the frequency interval as a candidate frequency offset, thereby obtaining multiple candidate frequency offsets. Among them, the frequency deviation coefficient is an integer, which can be used to indicate the deviation degree of a frequency point relative to the center frequency point.

For example, if the determined frequency interval is 25kHz and the frequency offset is less than 500kHz, the multiple candidate frequency offsets can be n*25kHz, where n is an integer and |n*25kHz|<500kHz.

It can be understood that the above 500 kHz is the maximum possible frequency offset between the low-orbit satellite and the terminal equipment when the network equipment is a low-orbit satellite and the orbit and speed of the low-orbit satellite are relatively certain. 500kHz is only used as an example. For other network devices with different speeds and orbits, such as medium-orbit satellites, high-orbit satellites or aircraft, the maximum possible frequency deviation between the network device and the terminal device may also be other values.

Step 2: The terminal device decodes the SSB according to each candidate frequency offset.

For example, the terminal device decodes the SSB according to multiple candidate frequency offsets determined by frequency scanning during the latest connection establishment process.

Taking the primary carrier component (PCC) in the communication system shown in Figure 4 as an example, the sub-carrier spacing of the main carrier is 120kHz, and the center frequency point is 28GHz. If the determined frequency spacing is 25kHz, multiple candidate frequency offsets They are: -3*25kHz, -2*25kHz, -25kHz, 0kHz, 25kHz, 2*25kHz and 3*25kHz, then the terminal equipment can operate at the frequency points 28GHz-3*25kH, 28GHz-2*25kHz, 28GHz-1 *Decode SSB on 25kHz, 28GHz, 28GHz+1*25kHz, 28GHz+2*25kHz and 28GHz+3*25kHz respectively.

Step 3: The terminal device determines one of the candidate frequency offsets that successfully decodes the SSB as the first frequency offset.

In other words, the successfully decoded SSB is the multiple candidate frequency offsets determined by frequency scanning during the device's latest connection establishment process. Taking the terminal device to establish a connection for the first time after it is powered on as an example, the candidate frequency offset for successfully decoding SSB is the frequency offset corresponding to the frequency point of the SSB that can be successfully decoded during the frequency sweep process of establishing the connection for the first time.

Still taking the frequency offset shown in Figure 4 as an example, if the SSB is successfully decoded at the frequency point corresponding to the frequency offset of 1*25kHz, it can be determined that the first frequency offset is 1*25kHz.

In another possible design, the terminal device can determine the candidate frequency offsets one by one, and after determining each candidate frequency offset, try to decode the SSB based on the candidate frequency offset, and then select one of the candidate frequency offsets that has successfully decoded the SSB. as the first frequency offset.

Optionally, the terminal device determines one of the candidate frequency offsets for successfully decoding the SSB as the first frequency offset, which may include: among the SSBs that the terminal device will successfully decode, the SSB with the best signal quality, such as the SSB with the highest received power, And/or, the candidate frequency offset corresponding to the SSB with the largest signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) is determined as the first frequency offset.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first frequency offset is an integer multiple of the frequency interval, that is, a coarse frequency offset.

In this way, determining the candidate frequency offset corresponding to the SSB with the best signal quality and/or the SSB of the channel with the largest SINR as the first frequency offset can reduce the impact of interfering signals and obtain a more accurate first frequency offset. Thereby further improving the decoding success rate of downlink signals.

It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, during the decoding process, if a candidate frequency offset can successfully decode the SSB, the candidate frequency offset can be determined as the first candidate frequency offset. For example, the first frequency offset candidate with successful SSB decoding can be used as the first frequency offset. In this way, the blind detection process can be reduced, resource overhead can be reduced, and detection efficiency can be improved.

For example, if in method 1, SSB can be successfully decoded based on the frequency point corresponding to the candidate frequency offset 2*25kHz, then the first frequency offset is 2*25kHz, that is, 50kHz.

It should be noted that in this embodiment of the present application, the network device may also send a public signal, where the public signal includes SSB.

Optionally, the common signal may also include residual minimum system information (RMSI).

S302: The terminal device performs frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset.

In a possible design solution, the terminal device can adjust the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator of the terminal device according to the first frequency offset, and after adjusting the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator, receive a downlink public signal, such as RMSI, or a downlink channel, such as a physical downlink control channel. (physical downlink control channel, PDCCH) or physical downlink shared channel (physical downlink share channel, PDSCH) to achieve frequency offset compensation. Alternatively, the terminal equipment can compensate the received downlink common signal, such as RMSI, or the downlink channel, such as PDCCH or PDSCH, according to the first frequency offset, thereby realizing frequency offset compensation.

For example, if the terminal equipment needs to receive other public signals except SSB, the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator of the terminal equipment can be adjusted according to the first frequency offset to perform frequency offset compensation. In this way, the terminal equipment can adjust the clock frequency according to the first frequency offset. The frequency of the crystal oscillator after the clock frequency receives other common signals in the common signal except SSB, such as RMSI. Alternatively, the terminal device compensates the received public signals other than SSB, such as RMSI, according to the first frequency offset, thereby realizing frequency offset compensation.

Alternatively, if the terminal equipment needs to receive other public signals other than SSB and/or downlink channels, such as PDSCH or PDCCH, the terminal equipment can adjust the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator according to the first frequency offset. The terminal equipment can After adjusting the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator, it receives other public signals besides SSB, such as RMSI, and/or downlink channels, such as PDSCH or PDCCH, to achieve frequency offset compensation. Alternatively, the terminal equipment compensates the received public signals other than SSB, such as RMSI, and/or downlink channels, such as PDSCH or PDCCH, according to the first frequency offset, thereby realizing frequency offset compensation.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 3 may also include step 4.

Step 4: The terminal device obtains the second frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB.

Among them, the second frequency deviation is smaller than the frequency interval, that is, the second frequency deviation is a fine frequency deviation.

Regarding the method of determining the second frequency offset, you may refer to the method of determining the frequency offset in the terrestrial network, which will not be described again here.

In this case, the above S302, the terminal device performs frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset, may include: the terminal device performs frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset.

For example, the terminal device may determine the sum of the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset as the total frequency offset, and perform frequency offset compensation according to the total frequency offset. For example, if the first frequency offset is 25kHz and the second frequency offset is 1kHz, the total frequency offset is 26kHz, and the terminal equipment performs frequency offset compensation based on 26kHz.

It can be understood that the implementation of frequency offset compensation based on the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset by the terminal equipment is similar to the implementation principle of frequency offset compensation based on the first frequency offset. For example, the terminal equipment can adjust the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator based on the total frequency offset. , and receive downlink signals, such as RMSI, or downlink channels, such as PDCCH or PDSCH, after adjusting the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator. Alternatively, the terminal equipment can compensate the received downlink signal, such as RMSI, or the downlink channel, such as PDCCH or PDSCH, based on the total frequency offset.

In this way, the terminal equipment can perform more precise frequency offset compensation to further reduce the frequency offset of the downlink signal, thereby further improving the decoding success rate of the downlink signal.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 3, the terminal device can determine multiple candidate frequency offsets according to the frequency interval, and determine the candidate frequency offset that can successfully decode SSB among the multiple candidate frequency offsets as the first frequency offset, and then determine the candidate frequency offset according to the first frequency offset. Frequency offset compensation is performed at one frequency offset, where the frequency interval is smaller than the subcarrier interval. In this way, frequency scanning based on the subcarrier interval can be avoided and the frequency sweep granularity can be reduced to improve the accuracy of the frequency offset compensation of the downlink signal, thereby reducing The impact of frequency offset on downlink signals improves the decoding success rate of downlink data.

In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, it is possible to avoid using the location information of the terminal device to determine the first frequency offset, thereby improving applicability.

Exemplarily, FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart 2 of the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application. The frequency offset compensation method includes S501 to S502.

S501, the terminal device obtains the third frequency offset.

Among them, the third frequency offset is determined based on the first ephemeris information and the position of the terminal equipment. The first ephemeris information includes one or more of the following: semi-major axis (semi-major axis) of the satellite, eccentricity Eccentricity(eccentricity)), Inclination angle at reference time(inclination)), Longitude of ascending node of orbit plane(rightascension of the ascending node)), Argument of perigee( argument ofperiapsis)), mean anomaly at reference time (true anomaly and areference point in time)) and reference time (Ephemeris reference time (the epoch)).

In the embodiment of the present application, when the first ephemeris information is implemented, the square root of the semi-major axis of the satellite, that is, the square root of the semi-major axis, can be used instead of the semi-major axis. In this case, as shown in Table 1, parameters related to the first ephemeris information can be divided into orbital plane parameters and satellite level parameters. The position of the terminal device can be determined based on GNSS. Regarding the method of determining the position of the terminal device, reference can be made to the method of determining the position of the terminal device in the prior art, which will not be described again here.

In a possible design solution, in the above S501, the terminal device obtains the third frequency offset, which may include: the terminal device obtains the third frequency offset according to the first ephemeris information and the location of the terminal device.

For example, the terminal device may obtain the third frequency offset according to the location of the terminal device, the first ephemeris information, and the center frequency point of the network device. The central frequency point may be obtained by the terminal device from the network device, or may be stored locally.

Table 1

In order to facilitate the understanding of the above S501, further explanation is provided below using the network device as a satellite.

Specifically, the terminal device may obtain the elevation angle of the terminal device based on the current time and the first ephemeris information of the network device that provides communication services for the terminal device (ie, the serving satellite). The terminal device can also obtain the satellite ground altitude according to the first ephemeris information, and then the terminal device can determine the third frequency offset according to the following formula (3) and formula (4).

f _d (t)=f _c ·ω _sat ·R _E ·cos(θ _UE (t))/c; (3)

Among them, f _d (t) is the third frequency offset, f _c is the center frequency of the network equipment, ω _sat is the satellite orbit height, _RE is the radius of the earth, t is the current time, θ _UE (t) is the terminal at time t The elevation angle of the equipment, c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves, G is the gravity constant, M _E is the mass of the earth, and h _sat is the satellite ground height. For example, G may be 6.67·10 ^-11 Newton square metre per square kilogram (Nm2/kg2), and M _E may be 5.98*10 ²⁴ kilogram (kilogram, kg).

Regarding the implementation of the elevation angle of the terminal equipment or the height of the satellite ground, reference may be made to the specific implementation methods of the elevation angle of the terminal equipment or the height of the satellite ground in the prior art, which will not be described again here.

Optionally, in this embodiment of the present application, the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 5 may also include: the terminal device determines a network device that provides services for the terminal device.

For example, the terminal device can determine the network device that provides services for the terminal device, such as the above-mentioned serving satellite, based on the GNSS information, the current time and the ephemeris information of different satellites. Regarding the specific implementation method for the terminal device to determine the network device that provides services for the terminal device, reference may be made to the specific implementation method for determining the serving satellite in the prior art, which will not be described again here.

S502: The terminal equipment performs downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset.

In a possible design solution, the terminal equipment can adjust the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator of the terminal equipment according to the third frequency offset, and after adjusting the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator, receive downlink public signals, such as SSB, or RMSI, and/or downlink channels. , such as PDCCH or PDSCH, to achieve frequency offset compensation. Alternatively, the terminal equipment can compensate the received downlink common signal, such as SSB, or RMSI, and/or the downlink channel, such as PDCCH or PDSCH, according to the third frequency offset, thereby realizing frequency offset compensation.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 5 may also include steps 5 to 7.

Step 5: The network device sends SSB to the terminal device.

Step 6: The terminal device decodes the SSB according to the third frequency offset.

The third frequency offset is a frequency offset determined based on the first ephemeris information and the location of the terminal device, that is, a coarse frequency offset.

For example, the terminal device may perform a decoding operation on the third frequency offset compensated SSB.

In this way, the terminal device performs frequency offset compensation on the SSB according to the third frequency offset, and decodes the SSB based on the frequency offset compensation, which can reduce the impact of the frequency offset on the SSB, thereby improving the decoding success rate of the SSB.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 5 may also include step 7.

Step 7: The terminal device obtains the fourth frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB.

Among them, the fourth frequency deviation is smaller than the third frequency deviation. In other words, the fourth frequency offset is a fine frequency offset.

For example, the reference information corresponding to the SSB may be a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) in the PBCH.

In this case, the above S502, the terminal device performs downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset, may include: the terminal device performs downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset and the fourth frequency offset.

For example, the terminal device may determine the sum of the third frequency offset and the fourth frequency offset as the total frequency offset, and perform frequency offset compensation according to the total frequency offset. For example, if the third frequency offset is 20kHz and the fourth frequency offset is 1kHz, the total frequency offset is 21kHz, and the terminal equipment performs frequency offset compensation based on 21kHz.

It can be understood that the implementation of frequency offset compensation based on the third frequency offset and the fourth frequency offset by the terminal equipment is similar to the implementation principle of frequency offset compensation based on the third frequency offset. For example, the terminal equipment can adjust the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator based on the total frequency offset. , and receive downlink signals, such as SSB, or RMSI, or downlink channels, such as PDCCH or PDSCH, after adjusting the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator. Alternatively, the terminal equipment can compensate the received downlink signal, such as SSB, or RMSI, or the downlink channel, such as PDCCH or PDSCH, according to the total frequency offset.

In this way, the terminal equipment can perform more precise frequency offset compensation to further reduce the impact of frequency offset on the downlink signal, thereby further improving the decoding success rate of the downlink signal.

Regarding the implementation of the fourth frequency offset, reference may be made to the specific implementation principle of the second frequency offset in the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 3, which will not be described again here.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 5 may also include step 8 and step 9.

Step 8: The network device sends the auxiliary system information, and the terminal device receives the auxiliary system information.

Among them, the auxiliary system information carries second ephemeris information. The second ephemeris information may include one or more of the following: semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time.

In this embodiment of the present application, the auxiliary system information may be a public signal other than SSB among the downlink public signals, such as RMSI or SIB2.

For example, the terminal device may receive the auxiliary system information after adjusting the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator according to the third frequency offset, thereby performing frequency offset compensation on the auxiliary system information. Alternatively, the terminal device may compensate the auxiliary system information according to the third frequency offset, thereby performing frequency offset compensation on the auxiliary system information. In this way, after the terminal device performs frequency offset compensation on the auxiliary system information, it can decode the auxiliary system information to obtain the second ephemeris information.

Step 9: The terminal device updates the first ephemeris information according to the second ephemeris information.

In this way, the terminal device updates the first ephemeris information based on the received second ephemeris information, and can determine the third frequency offset based on the real-time ephemeris information of the satellite when the satellite is moving, thereby reducing the third frequency offset caused by changes in satellite position. The frequency offset error further improves the accuracy of frequency offset compensation, thereby further improving the decoding success rate of downlink signals.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 5 above, the terminal equipment can obtain the third frequency offset based on the first ephemeris information and the location of the terminal equipment, and then perform downlink frequency offset compensation based on the third frequency offset. In this way, the frequency offset can be reduced. The influence of offset on downlink signals, for example, the terminal equipment can decode the downlink signal based on the frequency point after frequency offset compensation, thereby improving the decoding success rate of the downlink signal.

Exemplarily, FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart 3 of the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the frequency offset compensation method includes:

S601: The network device obtains the fifth frequency offset based on the third ephemeris information and geographical information.

Among them, the third ephemeris information includes one or more of the following: semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time. Geographic information is used to indicate the location of a network device's coverage area.

For example, the implementation of the third ephemeris information can refer to the specific implementation manner of the first ephemeris information in Figure 5 above, which will not be described again here. It can be understood that the third ephemeris information may be stored locally by the network device, or may be obtained by the network device from the core network or other network devices.

In this embodiment of the present application, the coverage area of the network device may be the coverage area of a beam of the network device on the ground (hereinafter referred to as the coverage area of the beam). The location of the coverage area of the network device may be a location within the coverage area of a beam of the network device. For example, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be the center point of the coverage area of the beam. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the location of the coverage area of the network device provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, if the coverage area of a network device, such as a satellite's beam 1, is a circular area, the location of the coverage area of the network device can be the center of the circular area, that is, the position of point P0.

Alternatively, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be multiple locations within the coverage area of the beam. Taking Figure 7 as an example, the location of the coverage area of the network device can be the location of point P1, the location of point P2, and the location of point P3.

In the embodiment of this application, the implementation of S601 may refer to the specific implementation of S501 in the embodiment shown in Figure 5, which will not be described again here. The difference between S601 in this embodiment and S501 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is that in S601 in this embodiment, it is equivalent to replacing the position of the terminal device in S501 with the position of the coverage area of the network device.

S602: The network device sends SSB according to the fifth frequency offset, and the terminal device receives SSB.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 6 may also include step 10.

Step 10: The network device sends auxiliary system information or downlink control signaling according to the fifth frequency offset.

The auxiliary system information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform frequency offset compensation according to the fifth frequency offset. In this embodiment of the present application, the auxiliary system information may be a public signal other than SSB among the downlink public signals, such as RMSI or SIB2.

For example, the network device may adjust the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator according to the fifth frequency offset, and then send secondary system information or downlink control signaling after adjusting the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator. Alternatively, the network device can compensate the auxiliary system information according to the fifth frequency offset, and then send the auxiliary system information or downlink control signaling.

In this case, after decoding the auxiliary system information, the terminal equipment can adjust the crystal oscillator on the terminal equipment according to the fifth frequency offset, and then receive downlink signals or downlink channels, such as PDSCH or PDCCH, after adjusting the crystal oscillator. In this way, the network equipment can complete the frequency offset compensation of the downlink public signal, and the terminal equipment side can complete the frequency offset compensation of the downlink data or downlink channel.

In the embodiment of the present application, the fifth frequency offset is a frequency offset determined based on ephemeris information and geographical information, that is, a coarse frequency offset. In this way, the terminal device is instructed through the auxiliary system information to perform frequency offset compensation according to the fifth frequency offset, which can be done by each Each terminal device performs coarse frequency offset compensation on other downlink signals or downlink channels except SSB and auxiliary system information according to the corresponding fifth frequency offset, which can avoid network equipment from frequently adjusting the clock of the crystal oscillator when sending data signals to different terminal devices. frequency, thereby reducing the overhead of network equipment and reducing the time to adjust the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator, thereby improving communication efficiency.

In a possible design solution, the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 6 may also include step 11.

Step 11: The network device sends signals other than SSB in the downlink signal according to the fifth frequency offset. Among the downlink signals, signals other than SSB may include one or more of the following: RMSI, other system information (OSI), paging, downlink data channel signals corresponding to PDSCH, downlink control channel The signal corresponding to the PDCCH, the downlink pilot signal includes channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), phase reference signal (tracking reference signal, TRS), phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) )wait. That is to say, the network equipment side performs frequency offset compensation on downlink control signaling, downlink data signals or public information other than SSB in downlink public information.

For example, when sending a data signal, the network device first adjusts the clock frequency of the crystal oscillator according to the fifth frequency offset, and then sends the data signal or data channel, such as PDSCH or PDCCH. Or, when sending a data signal, the network device compensates the downlink data or downlink channel, such as PDSCH or PDCCH, according to the fifth frequency offset, and then sends the downlink data or downlink channel.

In this way, the coarse frequency offset compensation of the downlink data signal implemented by the network equipment can simplify the operation of the terminal equipment, thereby improving the decoding efficiency of the terminal equipment.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 6 above, the network device can obtain the fifth frequency offset based on the third ephemeris information and geographical information, and send SSB according to the fifth frequency offset. In this way, the SSB frequency offset can be compensated in advance. To reduce the frequency offset of SSB arriving at the terminal device, thereby improving the SSB decoding success rate.

The frequency offset compensation method in the embodiment of the present application can perform frequency compensation on the downlink common channel and the downlink data channel, thereby completing the downlink access process of the terminal device.

After completing the downlink access process, you can further complete the uplink access process. For example, the uplink access process can be completed according to the frequency offset compensation method in Figure 8 or Figure 9 described below. Detailed description will be given below with reference to Figures 8 to 9 .

Exemplarily, FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart 4 of the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, the frequency offset compensation method includes:

S801, the network device obtains the time advance amount.

To facilitate distinction, in this embodiment, the first time advance is used to represent the time advance obtained by the network device.

Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device; the time advance is used by the terminal device to send signals to the network device.

In a possible design solution, the network device obtains the first time advance, which may include: the network device obtains the first time advance according to the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area. In other words, the first time advance is determined according to the network device according to the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area.

For example, the first time advance can be obtained according to the location of the network device, the location of the coverage area, and the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves. For example, the distance between the position of the network device and the position of the coverage area can be obtained based on the position of the network device and the position of the coverage area, and then the distance between the position of the network device and the position of the coverage area is divided by the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves , and then divided by 2, the first time advance can be obtained.

In this embodiment of the present application, the coverage area of the network device may be the coverage area of a beam of the network device on the ground (hereinafter referred to as the coverage area of the beam). In this case, the network device can sequentially calculate a first time advance based on each location in the coverage area, and send the first time advance to the terminal device. In this case, if the network device cannot successfully decode the data from the terminal device, the network device can use the location of the next coverage area and then calculate a first time advance until the first time that the network device can successfully decode the uplink signal is obtained. Time advance amount. In this way, the location of the coverage area closer to the actual location of the terminal device can be used to calculate the first time advance, thereby improving the accuracy of the first time advance, thereby improving the success rate of the uplink access process.

Regarding the realization of the position of the coverage area of the network device, reference may be made to the specific implementation method of the position of the coverage area of the network device in the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 6, which will not be described again here.

S802: The network device sends the first time advance to the terminal device.

In a possible design solution, the first timing advance can be carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information, such as RMSI, or SIB2, or downlink control signaling, such as radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) signaling.

In this way, the terminal device can receive the time advance before sending the uplink signal, and send the signal according to the time advance, so that the signal can reach the network device on time and improve the reception success rate.

In this embodiment, before S802, the terminal device can also determine the index of the SSB with the best signal quality, such as the index of the SSB with the largest SINR or the largest received power, and then determine the SSB corresponding to the SSB based on the index of the SSB. RMSI, in this case, the terminal device receives the first time advance from the RMSI.

S803: The terminal device sends a signal to the network device according to the first time advance.

For example, the network device may send a physical random access channel (PRACH), a physical uplink sharechannel (PUSCH) or a physical uplink control channel (physical uplink control channel) to the network device a first time advance. control channel, PUCCH).

Alternatively, the terminal device may send the PRACH to the network device in advance according to the first time advance amount. Then, the terminal device obtains the second time advance amount from the network device, and sends the PRACH to the network device in advance according to the first time amount and the second time advance amount. PUSCH or PDCCH. It can be understood that there may be a deviation between the position of the coverage area and the actual position of the terminal device. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the first advance is calculated based on the beam center position and the satellite position, and there is a difference between the beam center position and the actual terminal position. , and the position of the satellite will also change slightly, so the network side will estimate a timing advance based on the PRACH sent by the terminal, and then send it to the UE for further fine adjustment. The second time advance is a time advance related to the channel state or the clock state of the terminal device. If the channel state or the clock state of the terminal device is different, the second time advance may be different.

Regarding the implementation method of the second time advance, reference may be made to the specific implementation method of the time advance of the terminal equipment in the ground network in the prior art, which will not be described again here.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 8 above, the network device obtains the first time advance and sends the first time advance to the terminal device, where the first time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. In this way, the network device can determine the first time advance based on the coverage area of the network device. For example, the network device can use the location within the coverage area as the location of the terminal device, thereby avoiding using the GNSS information of the terminal device to obtain the frequency offset and improving applicability.

Exemplarily, FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart 5 of a frequency offset compensation method provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the frequency offset compensation method includes:

S901, the network device obtains the time advance amount.

To facilitate distinction, in this embodiment, the third time advance is used to represent the time advance obtained by the network device.

In a possible design solution, the network device obtaining the third time advance may include: the network device obtains the third time advance according to the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device. In other words, the third time advance amount is determined according to the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device.

Regarding the location of the coverage area of the network device, reference may be made to the location of the coverage area of the network device in the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 6, which will not be described again here.

Regarding the specific implementation method of the third time advance amount, reference can be made to the specific implementation method of the first time advance amount in the above-mentioned Figure 8, which will not be described again here.

S902: The terminal device sends a signal, and the network device receives the signal according to the third time advance.

In a possible design solution, the network device receives the signal according to the time advance, which may include: the network device receives the signal from the terminal device after a third time advance.

For example, if the terminal device starts sending uplink signals to the network device at time T2, and the transmission delay between the terminal device and the base station is TA2, then the uplink signal reaches the network device at time T2+TA2. That is to say, the network device reaches the network device at time T2+ TA2 receives uplink signals from terminal equipment at all times, such as PRACH, PUSCH or PDCCH.

In this way, the network device can receive the signal on time when the signal reaches the network device, thereby improving the reception success rate.

It can be understood that in this embodiment, the terminal device can fine-tune the time in the same manner as the ground network adjusts the time advance, which will not be described again here.

Based on the frequency offset compensation method shown in Figure 9 above, the network device obtains the third time advance and receives the signal from the terminal device according to the third time advance, where the third time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. In this way, the network device can determine the third time advance based on the coverage area of the network device. For example, the network device can use the location within the coverage area as the location of the terminal device, thereby avoiding using the GNSS information of the terminal device to obtain the frequency offset and improving applicability.

The frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above with reference to FIGS. 3 to 9 . The frequency offset compensation device used to perform the frequency offset compensation method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 10 to 14 .

Exemplarily, FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency offset compensation device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 10, the frequency offset compensation device 1000 includes: an acquisition module 1001 and a compensation module 1002. For ease of explanation, FIG. 10 only shows the main components of the frequency offset compensation device 1000.

In some embodiments, the frequency offset compensation device 1000 can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 2 to perform the functions of the terminal equipment in the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 3 .

Among them, the acquisition module 1001 is used to acquire the first frequency offset.

The first frequency offset is one of a plurality of candidate frequency offsets for which the synchronization signal and the broadcast channel block SSB have been successfully decoded. Multiple candidate frequency offsets are determined by the terminal equipment based on frequency intervals, and the frequency interval between two adjacent frequency offsets among the multiple candidate frequency offsets is smaller than the subcarrier interval.

The compensation module 1002 is used to perform frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset.

In one possible design solution, the acquisition module 1001 is configured to acquire multiple candidate frequency offsets according to frequency intervals, and decode the SSB according to each candidate frequency offset. The acquisition module 1001 is configured to determine one of the candidate frequency offsets that successfully decodes the SSB as the first frequency offset.

Optionally, the acquisition module 1001 is configured to determine the candidate frequency offset corresponding to the SSB with the best signal quality among the successfully decoded SSBs as the first frequency offset.

In a possible design solution, the acquisition module 1001 is also used to acquire the second frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB. Wherein, the second frequency deviation is smaller than the frequency interval.

The compensation module 1002 is configured to perform frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset.

Alternatively, the acquisition module 1001 and the compensation module 1002 can be integrated into one module, such as a processing module (not shown in Figure 10). The processing module is used to implement the processing function of the frequency offset compensation device 1000 . It should be understood that the processing module involved in the frequency offset compensation device 1000 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component, and can be a processor or a processing unit.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1000 may also include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 10 ), which stores programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device 1000 can execute the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 3 .

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1000 may also include a transceiver module. The transceiver module is used to implement the transmitting function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device 1000 . It should be understood that the transceiver module can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component, and can be a transceiver or a transceiver unit.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device 1000 may be a terminal device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be installed in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device, which is not covered in this application. limited.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device 1000 can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 3 , which will not be described again here.

In other embodiments, the frequency offset compensation device 1000 may be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 2 to perform the functions of the terminal equipment in the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 5 .

The acquisition module 1001 is used to acquire the third frequency offset. Among them, the first frequency offset is determined based on the first ephemeris information and the position of the terminal equipment. The first ephemeris information includes: the satellite's semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time.

The compensation module 1002 is configured to perform downlink frequency offset compensation according to the third frequency offset.

In one possible design solution, the acquisition module 1001 is configured to acquire the third frequency offset according to the first ephemeris information and the location of the terminal device.

Optionally, the compensation module 1002 is also used to decode SSB according to the third frequency offset.

Further, the acquisition module 1001 is configured to acquire the fourth frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB. Among them, the fourth frequency deviation is smaller than the first frequency deviation.

The compensation module 1002 is configured to perform downlink frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset and the fourth frequency offset.

In one possible design, the acquisition module 1001 is also used to receive auxiliary system information.

Among them, the auxiliary system information carries second ephemeris information. The acquisition module 1001 is also used to update the first ephemeris information according to the second ephemeris information. The second ephemeris information includes: satellite's semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time.

Alternatively, the acquisition module 1001 and the compensation module 1002 can be integrated into one module, such as a processing module (not shown in Figure 10). The processing module is used to implement the processing function of the frequency offset compensation device 1000 . It should be understood that the processing module involved in the frequency offset compensation device 1000 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component, and can be a processor or a processing unit.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1000 may also include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 10 ), which stores programs or instructions. When the processing module executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device 1000 can execute the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 5 .

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1000 may also include a transceiver module. The transceiver module is used to implement the transmitting function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device 1000 . It should be understood that the transceiver module can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component, and can be a transceiver or a transceiver unit.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device 1000 may be a terminal device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be installed in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device, which is not covered in this application. limited.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device 1000 can be the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 5 , which will not be described again here.

Exemplarily, FIG. 11 is a second structural schematic diagram of a frequency offset compensation device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 11, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 includes: a processing module 1101 and a transceiver module 1102. For ease of explanation, FIG. 11 only shows the main components of the frequency offset compensation device 1100.

In some embodiments, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 may be adapted to the communication system shown in FIG. 2 to perform the functions of the network device in the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 6 .

The processing module 1101 is used to obtain the fifth frequency offset according to the third ephemeris information and geographical information.

Among them, the third ephemeris information includes: satellite's semi-major axis, eccentricity, orbital inclination, ascending node right ascension, perigee argument, mean periapsis angle and reference time. Geographic information is used to indicate the location of a network device's coverage area.

The transceiver module 1102 is configured to send the synchronization signal and the downlink broadcast channel block SSB according to the fifth frequency offset.

In one possible design solution, the transceiver module 1102 is also used to send auxiliary system information or downlink control signaling according to the fifth frequency offset; the auxiliary system information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform frequency offset compensation according to the fifth frequency offset.

Optionally, the transceiver module 1102 is also configured to send signals other than SSB among the downlink signals according to the fifth frequency offset.

Optionally, the transceiver module 1102 may include a receiving module and a sending module (not shown in Figure 11). Among them, the transceiver module 1102 is used to implement the sending function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device 1100.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 may also include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 11), which stores programs or instructions. When the processing module 1101 executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 can perform the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 6 .

It should be understood that the processing module 1101 involved in the frequency offset compensation device 1100 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component, and can be a processor or a processing unit; the transceiver module 1102 can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component, and can be is a transceiver or transceiver unit.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device 1100 may be a network device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be disposed in the network device, or a device including a network device, which is not covered in this application. limited.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device 1100 can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 6 , which will not be described again here.

In other embodiments, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 may be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 2 to perform the functions of the network equipment in the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 8 .

The processing module 1101 is used to obtain the time advance. Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. The sending and receiving module 1102 is used to send the time advance amount. The time advance is used for terminal devices within the coverage area of the network device to send signals to the network device.

In one possible design solution, the processing module 1101 is configured to obtain the timing advance according to the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area.

In a possible design solution, the timing advance is carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information block or downlink control signaling.

Optionally, the transceiver module 1102 may include a receiving module and a sending module (not shown in Figure 11). Among them, the transceiver module 1102 is used to implement the sending function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device 1100.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 may also include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 11), which stores programs or instructions. When the processing module 1101 executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 can perform the functions of the network device in any of the frequency offset compensation methods shown in FIG. 6 .

It should be understood that the processing module 1101 involved in the frequency offset compensation device 1100 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component, and can be a processor or a processing unit; the transceiver module 1102 can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component, and can be is a transceiver or transceiver unit.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device 1100 may be a network device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be disposed in the network device, or a device including a network device, which is not covered in this application. limited.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device 1100 can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method shown in any one of FIG. 8 , which will not be described again here.

In other embodiments, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 may be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 2 to perform the functions of the network equipment in the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 9 .

Among them, the processing module 1101 and the transceiver module 1102. Among them, the processing module 1101 is used to obtain the time advance. Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device. The transceiver module 1102 is used to receive signals according to the time advance.

In one possible design, the processing module 1101 is configured to obtain the timing advance according to the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device.

For example, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be the center location of the coverage area of the network device. Alternatively, the location of the coverage area of the network device may be multiple locations within the coverage area.

In one possible design solution, the transceiver module 1102 is used to receive signals from the terminal device with a delay time advance.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 may also include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 11), which stores programs or instructions. When the processing module 1101 executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device 1100 can perform the functions of the network device in the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 9 .

It should be understood that the processing module 1101 involved in the frequency offset compensation device 1100 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component, and can be a processor or a processing unit; the transceiver module 1102 can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component, and can be is a transceiver or transceiver unit.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device 1100 may be the network equipment shown in FIG. 2, or may be a chip (system) or other component or component provided in the above-mentioned network equipment, or a device including the network equipment, The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

In addition, for the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device 1100, reference can be made to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method shown in any one of FIG. 9, which will not be described again here.

Exemplarily, FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram 3 of a frequency offset compensation device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 12, the frequency offset compensation device 1200 may include an indoor baseband processing unit (building baseband unit, BBU) 1201 and an active antenna unit (active antenna unit, AAU) 1202. BBU1201 can be used to perform data calculation and processing functions. AAU1202 can be used to implement the transmitting and receiving functions of the frequency offset compensation device.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device 1200 may be the network equipment shown in FIG. 2, or may be a chip (system) or other component or assembly provided in the above-mentioned network equipment, or a device including the network equipment, The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

In addition, for the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device 1200, reference can be made to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method shown in any one of FIG. 6, FIG. 8, or FIG. 9, which will not be described again here.

Exemplarily, FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram 4 of a frequency offset compensation device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 13, the frequency offset compensation device 1300 includes: a receiving module 1301 and a sending module 1302. For ease of explanation, FIG. 13 only shows the main components of the frequency offset compensation device 1300.

The frequency offset compensation device 1300 can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 2 to perform the functions of the terminal equipment in the frequency offset compensation method shown in FIG. 8 .

Among them, the receiving module 1301 is used to receive the time advance.

Among them, the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device.

The sending module 1302 is used to send signals to network devices according to the time advance.

In a possible design solution, the time advance is determined based on the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device.

In a possible design solution, the timing advance is carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information block or downlink control signaling.

Optionally, the receiving module 1301 and the sending module 1302 can also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiving module (not shown in Figure 13). Among them, the transceiver module is used to implement the sending function and receiving function of the frequency offset compensation device 1300.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1300 may also include a processing module (shown in a dotted box in Figure 13). Among them, the processing module is used to implement the processing function of the frequency offset compensation device 1300.

Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1300 may also include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 13), which stores programs or instructions. When the receiving module 1301 executes the program or instruction, the frequency offset compensation device 1300 can perform the function of the terminal device in any of the frequency offset compensation methods shown in FIG. 8 .

It should be understood that the processing module involved in the frequency offset compensation device 1300 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component, and can be a processor or a processing unit; the transceiver module can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component, and can be a transceiver. transmitter or transceiver unit.

It should be noted that the frequency offset compensation device 1300 may be a terminal device, a chip (system) or other components or components that can be installed in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device, which is not covered in this application. limited.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device 1300 can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method shown in any one of FIG. 8 , which will not be described again here.

Exemplarily, FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram 5 of a frequency offset compensation device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The frequency offset compensation device may be a terminal device or a network device, or may be a chip (system) or other component or component that can be provided in the terminal device or the network device. As shown in Figure 14, the frequency offset compensation device 1400 may include a processor 1401. Optionally, the frequency offset compensation device 1400 may also include a memory 1402 and/or a transceiver 1403. The processor 1401 is coupled to the memory 1402 and the transceiver 1403, for example, through a communication bus.

The following is a detailed introduction to each component of the frequency offset compensation device 1400 with reference to Figure 14:

Among them, the processor 1401 is the control center of the frequency offset compensation device 1400, and may be a processor or a collective name for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 1401 is one or more central processing units (CPUs), may also be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be one or more processors configured to implement embodiments of the present application. Integrated circuits, such as one or more microprocessors (digital signal processor, DSP), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (fieldprogrammable gate array, FPGA).

Optionally, the processor 1401 can perform various functions of the frequency offset compensation device 1400 by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 1402 and calling data stored in the memory 1402.

In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 1401 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG. 14 .

In specific implementation, as an embodiment, the frequency offset compensation device 1400 may also include multiple processors, such as the processor 1401 and the processor 1404 shown in FIG. 14 . Each of these processors can be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). A processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).

The memory 1402 is used to store the software program for executing the solution of the present application, and is controlled by the processor 1401 for execution. For specific implementation methods, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be described again here.

Optionally, the memory 1402 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (random access memory, RAM) or a random access memory (RAM) that can store information and instructions. Other types of dynamic storage devices for instructions can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compactdisc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage , optical disc storage (including compressed optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and Any other media capable of being accessed by a computer, without limitation. The memory 1402 may be integrated with the processor 1401 or may exist independently and be coupled to the processor 1401 through the interface circuit (not shown in Figure 14) of the frequency offset compensation device 1400. This is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Transceiver 1403, used for communication with other frequency offset compensation devices. For example, the frequency offset compensation device 1400 is a terminal device, and the transceiver 1403 can be used to communicate with a network device or with another terminal device. For another example, the frequency offset compensation device 1400 is a network device, and the transceiver 1403 can be used to communicate with a terminal device or with another network device.

Optionally, the transceiver 1403 may include a receiver and a transmitter (not shown separately in Figure 14). Among them, the receiver is used to implement the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement the sending function.

Alternatively, the transceiver 1403 can be integrated with the processor 1401, or can exist independently, and be coupled with the processor 1401 through the interface circuit (not shown in Figure 14) of the frequency offset compensation device 1400. The embodiment of the present application is suitable for This is not specifically limited.

It should be noted that the structure of the frequency offset compensation device 1400 shown in FIG. 14 does not constitute a limitation on the frequency offset compensation device. The actual frequency offset compensation device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or Combining certain parts, or different arrangements of parts.

In addition, the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation device 1400 can be referred to the technical effects of the frequency offset compensation method described in the above method embodiment, which will not be described again here.

An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system. The communication system includes the above-mentioned one or more terminal devices, and one or more network devices.

It should be understood that the processor in the embodiment of the present application can be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits ( application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), ready-made field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of illustration, but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (RAM), etc. Access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous connection dynamic random access Memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).

The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above-described embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, e.g., the computer instructions may be transferred from a website, computer, server, or data center Transmit to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that contains one or more sets of available media. The usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, tape), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media. The semiconductor medium may be a solid state drive.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" in this article is only an association relationship describing related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, and A and B exist simultaneously. , there are three cases of B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the related objects are an "or" relationship, but it may also indicate an "and/or" relationship. For details, please refer to the previous and later contexts for understanding.

In this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "plurality" refers to two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions thereof refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (items) or a plurality of items (items). For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple .

It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application. The implementation process constitutes any limitation.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented with electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. On the other hand, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code. .

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. should be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (25)

1. A compensation method, characterized in that it is applied to network equipment, and the method includes: Obtain a time advance; wherein the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device; A sending time advance; wherein the time advance is used for a terminal device within the coverage area of the network device to send a signal to the network device. 2. The compensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the acquisition time advance includes: The timing advance is obtained according to the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the timing advance is carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information block or downlink control signaling. 4. A compensation method, characterized in that it is applied to terminal equipment, and the method includes: Receiving time advance; wherein the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device; Send a signal to the network device according to the timing advance. 5. The compensation method according to claim 4, wherein the time advance is determined based on the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device. 6. The compensation method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the timing advance is carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information block or downlink control signaling. 7. A compensation device, characterized in that the device includes: a processing module and a transceiver module; The processing module is used to obtain the time advance; wherein the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device; The transceiver module is configured to send a time advance; wherein the time advance is used for a terminal device within the coverage area of the network device to send a signal to the network device. 8. The compensation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The processing module is configured to obtain the time advance according to the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area. 9. The compensation device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the timing advance is carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information block or downlink control signaling. 10. A compensation device, characterized in that the device includes: a receiving module and a sending module; The receiving module is configured to receive a time advance; wherein the time advance is related to the coverage area of the network device; The sending module is configured to send a signal to the network device according to the time advance. 11. The compensation device according to claim 10, wherein the time advance is determined based on the location of the network device and the location of the coverage area of the network device. 12. The compensation device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the timing advance is carried in one or more of the following: auxiliary system information blocks or downlink control signaling. 13. A compensation device, characterized in that the device includes: an acquisition module and a compensation module; The acquisition module is used to acquire a first frequency offset; wherein the first frequency offset is one of a plurality of candidate frequency offsets that have successfully decoded the synchronization signal and the broadcast channel block SSB; the plurality of candidate frequency offsets have been successfully decoded. The candidate frequency offsets are determined by the terminal equipment according to the frequency interval, and the frequency interval between two adjacent frequency offsets among the plurality of candidate frequency offsets is smaller than the subcarrier interval; The compensation module is used to perform frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset. 14. The compensation device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The acquisition module is used to acquire the plurality of candidate frequency offsets according to the frequency interval; The acquisition module is configured to decode the SSB according to each candidate frequency offset; The acquisition module is configured to determine one of the candidate frequency offsets that successfully decodes the SSB as the first frequency offset. 15. The compensation device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The acquisition module is configured to determine the candidate frequency offset corresponding to the SSB with the best signal quality among the successfully decoded SSBs as the first frequency offset. 16. The compensation device according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that, The acquisition module is also configured to acquire a second frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB; wherein the second frequency offset is smaller than the frequency interval; The compensation module is configured to perform frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset. 17. A compensation method, characterized in that it is applied to terminal equipment, and the method includes: Obtaining a first frequency offset; wherein the first frequency offset is one of a plurality of candidate frequency offsets that have successfully decoded the synchronization signal and the broadcast channel block SSB; the plurality of candidate frequency offsets are determined by the The terminal equipment determines based on the frequency interval, and the frequency interval between two adjacent frequency offsets among the plurality of candidate frequency offsets is smaller than the subcarrier interval; Frequency offset compensation is performed according to the first frequency offset. 18. The compensation method according to claim 17, characterized in that said obtaining the first frequency offset includes: Obtain the plurality of candidate frequency offsets according to the frequency interval; Decoding the SSB separately according to each of the candidate frequency offsets; One of the candidate frequency offsets that successfully decodes the SSB is determined as the first frequency offset. 19. The compensation method according to claim 18, characterized in that determining one of the candidate frequency offsets that successfully decodes the SSB as the first frequency offset includes: Among the successfully decoded SSBs, the candidate frequency offset corresponding to the SSB with the best signal quality is determined as the first frequency offset. 20. The compensation method according to any one of claims 17-19, characterized in that the method further includes: Obtain a second frequency offset according to the reference signal corresponding to the SSB; wherein the second frequency offset is smaller than the frequency interval; The frequency offset compensation according to the first frequency offset includes: Frequency offset compensation is performed according to the first frequency offset and the second frequency offset. 21. A compensation device, characterized by comprising: a processor, the processor being coupled to a memory; The processor is configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the compensation device performs the compensation method as described in any one of claims 1-3, or 4-6, or 17-20 . 22. A compensation device, characterized by comprising: a processor and an interface circuit; wherein, The interface circuit is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the processor; The processor is configured to run the code instructions to perform the method of any one of claims 1-3, or 4-6, or 17-20. 23. A compensation device, characterized in that the compensation device includes a processor and a transceiver, the transceiver is used for information exchange between the compensation device and other compensation devices, the processor executes program instructions, and uses To perform the compensation method as described in any one of claims 1-3, or 4-6, or 17-20. 24. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instructions, which when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the steps of claim 1- The compensation method described in any one of 3, 4-6, or 17-20. 25. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product includes: a computer program or instructions, which when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, cause the computer to execute claims 1-3, or The compensation method described in any one of 4-6 or 17-20.