CN116885875B - Optimization design method for parameters of eccentric permanent magnet of outer rotor permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Optimization design method for parameters of eccentric permanent magnet of outer rotor permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN116885875B CN116885875B CN202310935703.2A CN202310935703A CN116885875B CN 116885875 B CN116885875 B CN 116885875B CN 202310935703 A CN202310935703 A CN 202310935703A CN 116885875 B CN116885875 B CN 116885875B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
- H02K1/2787—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/2789—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2791—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/06—Magnetic cores, or permanent magnets characterised by their skew
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an optimization design method of parameters of an eccentric permanent magnet of an outer rotor permanent magnet motor, which comprises the following steps: the stator comprises a stator shaft, an eccentric permanent magnet, an inner stator iron core, an outer rotor iron core and an inner stator winding, wherein the inner stator winding is embedded in the inner stator iron core, and the eccentric permanent magnet is adhered to the inner side of the outer rotor iron core and is alternately arranged with N poles and S poles. The upper arc of the eccentric permanent magnet is an arc section taking the inner arc of the outer rotor iron core as the outline; the middle part of the lower arc is an arc section which is eccentrically processed with the upper arc, the two sides of the lower arc are straight-line sections tangent with the middle arc section, the two sides of the permanent magnet are connected with the upper arc and the lower arc by two arcs with the same shape, a smooth curved surface is formed, and the thickness of the corresponding position of the permanent magnet is determined according to the change of the position of the rotor. The invention solves the problem of larger torque fluctuation caused by over high harmonic distortion rate of the air gap flux density, and reduces noise and vibration in the operation of the motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optimization design method for parameters of an eccentric permanent magnet of an outer rotor permanent magnet motor, and belongs to the field of permanent magnet brushless direct current motors.
Background
The permanent magnet brushless direct current motor has wide application field at present, and the control mode is simpler and the efficiency is higher than that of the traditional motor. The brushless DC motors with different structure types are used in different occasions, which also requires different performances and technologies. However, the optimization of the current brushless direct current motor is limited by the processing technology of permanent magnet materials. The traditional permanent magnet brushless direct current motor with the constant-thickness permanent magnet has the advantages of low magnetic density sine degree of an air gap field, high harmonic distortion rate and high loss. The permanent magnet structure with different thickness can better adjust the parameters and improve the motor performance.
In order to solve the problems of large torque fluctuation, high cost and difficult permanent magnet processing in the permanent magnet direct current motor, a great deal of experimental study is carried out by research institutions at home and abroad. Most of the permanent magnets of the existing permanent magnet direct current motor are of conventional constant-thickness permanent magnet structures, the air gap flux density waveforms of the structures are of flat top waves and sharp waves, and the harmonic distortion rate of the motor is high. In addition, the motor adopts a slotting mode to obtain better air gap flux density waveform and torque, but the vibration frequency and amplitude of the motor are increased. The sectional eccentric integrated eccentric structure has the advantages that the air gap magnetic density waveform is a sine wave, but the motor has the defects that the processing of a permanent magnet is complicated, the size of a stator and a rotor of the motor is very small for a direct current motor with lower rotating speed, and once a certain inclination is generated between the stator and the rotor, other parameters of the motor can be influenced greatly, and even the use safety of the motor can be influenced.
The invention optimizes the waveform of the air gap flux density, improves the density of the cogging torque, reduces the cogging torque and reduces the noise and vibration of the motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides an optimization design method for parameters of an eccentric permanent magnet of an outer rotor permanent magnet motor, which is difficult to effectively solve the problems of the motor field in the prior art in terms of performance and processing of the permanent magnet.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses an optimization design method of parameters of an eccentric permanent magnet of an outer rotor permanent magnet motor, wherein the outer rotor permanent magnet motor comprises a stator embedded with an inner stator winding and an outer rotor connected with a permanent magnet, the stator comprises an inner stator iron core and an embedded inner stator winding, the rotor comprises an outer rotor iron core and a stator shaft, and further comprises an eccentric permanent magnet, the stator is positioned at the inner side of the eccentric permanent magnet, the rotor is positioned at the outer side of the eccentric permanent magnet, the inner stator winding is embedded in the inner stator iron core, the eccentric permanent magnet is adhered to the inner side of the outer rotor iron core, the eccentric permanent magnets are two eccentric permanent magnets with the same structure, and the stator is alternately wound around the inner circumference of the outer rotor iron core by N poles and S poles in a radial magnetizing mode;
the eccentric permanent magnet consists of an area A and an area B, wherein the upper arcs of the area A and the area B are attached to the inner arc of the outer rotor iron core, the lower arc of the area B is an arc section which is eccentrically processed with the upper arc, and the eccentric distance of the arc section is d; the lower arc of the area A is formed by a straight line section tangent to the lower arc of the area B, and the two sides of the permanent magnet are connected with the upper arc and the lower arc by two arcs with the same shape to form a smooth curved surface.
Further, the arc length beta of the eccentric permanent magnet A area 1 And the upper arc section beta of the region B 2 Is the same as the arc length, i.e
Further, the arc top of the upper arc of the B-recording area is connected with the center O of the lower arc 1 Is R is a distance of 0 The arc radius of the upper arc is R ob The eccentricity d=r of the upper and lower arcs ob -R o The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The arc radius from the circle center O to the lower arc is denoted as R oa The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ensuring the maximum permanent magnet thickness h of the permanent magnet max Under the condition of no change, determining the thickness of the corresponding position of the permanent magnet according to the change of the rotor position theta, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: for region a, the polar arc coefficient α is related to rotor position θ by different permanent magnet thicknesses p When 0.7 to 0.75 is taken, it is known that θ isThe value is taken in the range of the utility model,p is the pole pair, and the function of the thickness of the permanent magnet relative to the rotor position theta is obtained according to the deduced geometrical relationship:
step 2: for region B, polar arc coefficient α p When 0.7 to 0.75 is taken, it is known that θ isAnd obtaining a function of the thickness of the permanent magnet relative to the rotor position theta according to the deduced geometric relationship by taking values in a range:
wherein O is 1 U represents the arc center O of the lower arc 1 Distance to the U point; OV is the distance from the center O of the upper arc to the V point; when the infinitesimal method is used for cutting, a deflection angle theta corresponding to the kth block part is set, and when the kth block part is cut, the lower arc and the upper arc of the eccentric permanent magnet 2B area are respectively intersected with a W, Z point, and the W, Z point is toward the OO point 1 Plumb lines to obtain U, V two points;
step 3: obtaining the optimal polar arc coefficient alpha through data scanning analysis and comparison p And the eccentricity d, further determines the final permanent magnet thickness.
Further, the eccentric permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron materials and adopts a radial magnetizing mode.
The beneficial effects are that:
according to the method for optimizing the parameters of the eccentric permanent magnet of the permanent magnet motor, the permanent magnet is designed to be different in thickness and plus negative eccentricity, so that the harmonic distortion rate of the motor is greatly reduced, the torque density is greatly improved, the air gap flux density curve of the motor is more sinusoidal, and the service life and the efficiency of the motor are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an eccentric permanent magnet of an outer rotor permanent magnet motor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a domain structure model diagram of an eccentric permanent magnet of an outer rotor permanent magnet motor of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural model diagram of an area A of an eccentric permanent magnet of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor;
fig. 4 is a A, B area structure model diagram of an eccentric permanent magnet of an outer rotor permanent magnet motor of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of air gap density waveform comparison of an eccentric permanent magnet outer rotor permanent magnet motor of the present invention and a conventional equal thickness permanent magnet outer rotor permanent magnet motor;
FIG. 6 is an exploded and contrasted view of the air gap flux density of an eccentric permanent magnet outer rotor permanent magnet motor of the present invention and a conventional equal-thickness permanent magnet outer rotor permanent magnet motor;
fig. 7 is a comparison chart of the idle cogging torque waveforms of the eccentric permanent magnet outer rotor permanent magnet motor of the present invention and the conventional equal-thickness permanent magnet outer rotor permanent magnet motor.
In the figure: 1-stator shaft, 2-eccentric permanent magnet, 3-inner stator core, 4-outer rotor core, 5-air gap, 6-inner stator winding.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the invention discloses an optimized design method for parameters of an eccentric permanent magnet of an outer rotor permanent magnet motor, the outer rotor permanent magnet motor comprises a stator embedded with an inner stator winding and an outer rotor connected with the permanent magnet, the stator comprises an inner stator core 3 and an embedded inner stator winding 6, the rotor comprises an outer rotor core 4 and a stator shaft 1, and also comprises an eccentric permanent magnet 2, the stator is positioned at the inner side of the eccentric permanent magnet 2, the rotor is positioned at the outer side of the eccentric permanent magnet 2, the inner stator winding 6 is embedded in the inner stator core 3, the eccentric permanent magnet 2 is adhered at the inner side of the outer rotor core 4, the eccentric permanent magnets are two eccentric permanent magnets with the same structure, and the outer rotor core 4 is alternately surrounded by N poles and S poles in a radial magnetizing mode.
The eccentric permanent magnet 2 consists of an area A and an area B, wherein the upper arcs of the area A and the area B are attached to the inner arc of the outer rotor iron core, the lower arc of the area B is an arc section which is eccentrically processed with the upper arc, and the eccentric distance of the arc section is d; the lower arc of the area A is formed by a straight line section tangent to the lower arc of the area B, and the two sides of the permanent magnet are connected with the upper arc and the lower arc by two arcs with the same shape to form a smooth curved surface.
The permanent magnet of this design is assembled in an external rotor permanent magnet motor, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the inner and outer diameters of the stator are designed to be 9mm and 28mm, the inner and outer diameters of the rotor are designed to be 29.55mm and 38mm, the depth of the slot opening of the stator is designed to be 1.5mm, and the width of the slot opening of the stator is designed to be 2.25mm. The stator slots are located at the interface of the windings and the inner stator core, see fig. 1, e.g. small grooves on a + and B-, B + and C-.
And the eccentric permanent magnet 2 is radially magnetized by adopting a neodymium iron boron material.
The arc top of the upper arc of the B recording area is up to the center O of the lower arc 1 Is R is a distance of 0 The arc radius of the upper arc is R ob The eccentricity d=r of the upper and lower arcs ob -R o . The arc radius from the circle center O to the lower arc is denoted as R oa Rotor position θ, polar arc coefficient α p In order to improve the performance of the motor, the upper and lower arcs of the B region of the eccentric permanent magnet 2 are eccentrically arranged.
When designing the eccentric permanent magnet 2, the lower arc of the area B is prolonged, and the radian of the lower arc corresponding to the straight line part of the area A is beta 1 Arc segment beta on zone B 2 . Altering beta 2 For different beta 1 ，β 2 The performance of the lower motor is analyzed, differentUnder the condition, the harmonic numbers of the motor air gap flux density waveforms are different, the waveforms are also different, and the waveform is obtained through data scanning and comparison, when +.>And the obtained motor has better performance.
Ensuring the maximum permanent magnet thickness h of the permanent magnet max UnchangedIn the case of a rotor position θ, the pole arc coefficient α for the a region, with different permanent magnet thicknesses p When 0.7 to 0.75 is taken, it is known that θ isAnd taking values in the range. When the thickness of the eccentric permanent magnet is specifically deduced, the two ends of the lower arc of the area B are prolonged to replace the straight line segment part of the lower arc of the area A, referring to FIG. 3, the lower arc part of the area A and the upper arc part of the area A form a regular sector, the regular sector is subjected to infinitesimal segmentation to be changed into a plurality of regular sectors, mathematical geometric relation deduction is carried out on each sector, and finally the rotor position theta is brought into the deduced geometric relation to obtain a function of the thickness of the permanent magnet relative to the rotor position theta:
for region B, polar arc coefficient α p When 0.7 to 0.75 is taken, it is known that θ isAnd taking values in the range. Because the region B is a regular sector, the infinitesimal segmentation is directly carried out, mathematical geometric deduction is carried out on the infinitesimal segmentation, and finally, the rotor position theta is brought into a deducted geometric relational expression, so that a function of the thickness of the permanent magnet relative to the rotor position theta can be obtained:
wherein O is 1 U represents the arc center O of the lower arc 1 Distance to the U point; OV is the distance from the center O of the upper arc to the V point; when the infinitesimal method is used for cutting, a deflection angle theta corresponding to the kth block part is set, and when the kth block part is cut, the lower arc and the upper arc of the eccentric permanent magnet 2B area are respectively intersected with a W, Z point, and the W, Z point is toward the OO point 1 Plumb lines, yielding U, V, see fig. 4.
And obtaining the optimal polar arc coefficient and the eccentricity d through data scanning analysis and comparison, and further determining the final permanent magnet thickness.
As can be seen from the comparison of the air gap flux density waveforms of FIG. 5, the eccentric arrangement of the permanent magnets reduces the harmonic components of the air gap flux density.
According to the comparison of the air gap flux density Fourier analysis of FIG. 6, the invention reduces the fundamental harmonic of the motor and effectively inhibits the distortion of 5, 7 and 9 harmonics.
The comparison of the torque fluctuation of the motor in fig. 7 shows that the permanent magnets are eccentrically arranged, so that the torque pulsation is reduced by 46%, the fluctuation of the cogging torque of the motor is greatly reduced, and the cogging torque waveform is sinusoidal.
Compared with the traditional equal-thickness permanent magnet outer rotor permanent magnet motor, the eccentric permanent magnet outer rotor permanent magnet motor not only integrates the advantages of the traditional equal-thickness permanent magnet outer rotor permanent magnet motor, but also reduces the harmonic content in the air gap flux density of the motor, greatly reduces the torque pulsation of the motor, reduces the motor noise and improves the motor performance.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the same, not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The parameter optimization design method for the eccentric permanent magnet of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor is characterized in that the outer rotor permanent magnet motor comprises a stator embedded with an inner stator winding and an outer rotor connected with the permanent magnet, the stator comprises an inner stator iron core (3) and an embedded inner stator winding (6), the rotor comprises an outer rotor iron core (4) and a stator shaft (1), and further comprises an eccentric permanent magnet (2), the stator is positioned at the inner side of the eccentric permanent magnet (2), the rotor is positioned at the outer side of the eccentric permanent magnet (2), the inner stator winding (6) is embedded in the inner stator iron core (3), the eccentric permanent magnet (2) is adhered to the inner side of the outer rotor iron core (4), the eccentric permanent magnets are two eccentric permanent magnets with the same structure, and are adhered to the inner circumference of the outer rotor iron core (4) in a radial magnetizing mode by using N pole and S pole alternate surrounding surfaces;
the eccentric permanent magnet consists of an area A and an area B, wherein the upper arcs of the area A and the area B are attached to the inner arc of the outer rotor iron core, the lower arc of the area B is an arc section which is eccentrically processed with the upper arc, and the eccentric distance of the arc section is d; the lower arc of the area A is formed by a straight line section tangent to the lower arc of the area B, and the two sides of the permanent magnet are connected with the upper arc and the lower arc by two arcs with the same shape to form a smooth curved surface;
the arc top of the upper arc of the B recording area is up to the center O of the lower arc 1 Is R is a distance of 0 The arc radius of the upper arc is R ob The eccentricity d= |r of the upper and lower arcs ob -R o I (I); the arc radius from the circle center O to the lower arc is denoted as R oa The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ensuring the maximum permanent magnet thickness h of the permanent magnet max Under the condition of no change, determining the thickness of the corresponding position of the permanent magnet according to the change of the rotor position theta, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: for region a, the polar arc coefficient α is related to rotor position θ by different permanent magnet thicknesses p When 0.7 to 0.75 is taken, it is known that θ isTaking values in the range, wherein P is the number of magnetic pole pairs, and obtaining a function of the thickness of the permanent magnet relative to the rotor position theta according to the deduced geometric relationship:
step 2: for region B, polar arc coefficient α p When 0.7 to 0.75 is taken, it is known that θ isAnd obtaining a function of the thickness of the permanent magnet relative to the rotor position theta according to the deduced geometric relationship by taking values in a range:
wherein O is 1 U represents the arc center O of the lower arc 1 Distance to the U point; OV is the distance from the center O of the upper arc to the V point; when the infinitesimal method is used for cutting, a deflection angle theta corresponding to the kth block part is set, and when the kth block part is cut, the lower arc and the upper arc of the B region of the eccentric permanent magnet (2) are respectively intersected with W, Z points, and the W, Z points are respectively intersected with OO points 1 Plumb lines to obtain U, V two points;
step 3: obtaining the optimal polar arc coefficient alpha through data scanning analysis and comparison p And the eccentricity d, further determines the final permanent magnet thickness.
2. The method for optimally designing parameters of eccentric permanent magnets of outer rotor permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the arc length beta of the eccentric permanent magnet A area is 1 And the upper arc section beta of the region B 2 Is the same as the arc length, i.e
3. The method for optimizing the design parameters of the eccentric permanent magnet of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the eccentric permanent magnet (2) is made of neodymium iron boron materials and adopts a radial magnetizing mode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310935703.2A CN116885875B (en) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | Optimization design method for parameters of eccentric permanent magnet of outer rotor permanent magnet motor |
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| CN202310935703.2A CN116885875B (en) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | Optimization design method for parameters of eccentric permanent magnet of outer rotor permanent magnet motor |
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| CN116885875A CN116885875A (en) | 2023-10-13 |
| CN116885875B true CN116885875B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000350393A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-12-15 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Permanent-magnet motor |
| CN102570667A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2012-07-11 | 宁波唯英能源科技有限公司 | Elliptic polarized double-layer rotor magnetic sheet |
| CN108736607A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-11-02 | 天津大学 | A kind of magnetic field modulation wave-activated generator with permanent magnet eccentric structure |
| CN214429439U (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-10-19 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | Permanent magnet and outer rotor permanent magnet motor |
| CN116032088A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-28 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | Motor and electrical equipment with same |
-
2023
- 2023-07-26 CN CN202310935703.2A patent/CN116885875B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000350393A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-12-15 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Permanent-magnet motor |
| CN102570667A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2012-07-11 | 宁波唯英能源科技有限公司 | Elliptic polarized double-layer rotor magnetic sheet |
| CN108736607A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-11-02 | 天津大学 | A kind of magnetic field modulation wave-activated generator with permanent magnet eccentric structure |
| CN214429439U (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-10-19 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | Permanent magnet and outer rotor permanent magnet motor |
| CN116032088A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-28 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | Motor and electrical equipment with same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 转子偏心对低速永磁同步电机运行特性影响的研究;冯立帅;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅱ辑 (月刊)》2023年(第1期);全文 * |
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