CN116885365A - Battery pack box and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Battery pack box and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116885365A
CN116885365A CN202211174301.7A CN202211174301A CN116885365A CN 116885365 A CN116885365 A CN 116885365A CN 202211174301 A CN202211174301 A CN 202211174301A CN 116885365 A CN116885365 A CN 116885365A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
parts
layer
battery pack
heat preservation
component
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Pending
Application number
CN202211174301.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
施剑峰
董家鑫
袁辉军
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Jiangsu Saisheng New Material Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Saisheng New Material Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211174301.7A priority Critical patent/CN116885365A/en
Publication of CN116885365A publication Critical patent/CN116885365A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
    • C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
    • C08G18/482—Mixtures of polyethers containing at least one polyether containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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    • C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
    • C08G18/5021—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
    • C08G18/5024—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen containing primary and/or secondary amino groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
    • C08G18/5021—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
    • C08G18/5024—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen containing primary and/or secondary amino groups
    • C08G18/5027—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen containing primary and/or secondary amino groups directly linked to carbocyclic groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
    • C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
    • C08J9/146—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only only fluorine as halogen atoms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/231—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/282—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
    • C08J2203/142—Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H3C-CF3
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery pack box body and a preparation method thereof, and mainly solves the problem that in the prior art, the battery pack box body is poor in fireproof performance and poor in heat preservation effect, so that the endurance mileage of a battery is reduced in extremely cold weather. The invention adopts a battery pack box body, which comprises an upper cover plate and a battery tray, wherein the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate is provided with a top surface heat preservation layer, and the outer side of the battery tray is at least provided with a bottom surface heat preservation layer; the top surface heat preservation and the bottom surface heat preservation are both polyurethane foam, and are prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 1 to 1.1 of component A, B, wherein the component A comprises, by weight, 4 to 6 parts of melamine resin, 8 to 12 parts of high-functional polyether polyol, 4 to 6 parts of hard foam cross-linking agent, 40 to 45 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 20 to 25 parts of flame retardant, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of foam stabilizer, 4 to 6 parts of catalyst, 0.1 to 0.5 part of water, 10 to 13 parts of physical foaming agent, 0.5 to 1 part of antioxidant and the technical scheme of the preparation method thereof, thereby better solving the problem and being applicable to the industrial production of battery package boxes.

Description

Battery pack box and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a battery pack box body and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The lithium battery is made of lithium metal or lithium alloy as a negative electrode material, uses nonaqueous electrolyte solution, is widely applied to various product equipment which needs battery power supply, and is one of the most practical power supplies. In the use environment of the lithium battery, the temperature has the greatest influence on the charge and discharge performance of the lithium battery, and the proper temperature environment is the key point for keeping the charge and discharge performance of the lithium battery; in order to enable the lithium battery to be used in a low-temperature environment, the traditional solution is to change the material inside the lithium battery, and manufacture the battery by using special materials, namely a low-temperature battery, so that the battery can be used in the low-temperature environment; however, the manufacturing process of the low-temperature battery is difficult and expensive, the low-temperature threshold which can be born is limited, and the high-temperature impact cannot be born in the environment with larger temperature difference.
In the popularization and application of the new energy electric vehicle, when the environmental temperature is lower, the battery is poor in endurance mileage, especially in winter, the endurance mileage is shortened by nearly half compared with the endurance mileage calibrated by a vehicle enterprise, which is a trouble of a vehicle owner of the electric vehicle and is a reason that the electric vehicle is not widely popularized and accepted in the north of China; in addition, the ideal working temperature of the battery is 15-40 ℃, electrolyte in the battery is thickened after being cooled at a low temperature, the activity of lithium ions is reduced, the chemical reaction resistance is increased, the charging and discharging speed of the battery is reduced, the capacity is reduced, the temperature requirement in the charging process is more severe under the condition of low-temperature winter, the lithium battery is easy to generate a lithium precipitation phenomenon when being charged at the temperature below 0 ℃, irreversible damage and safety problems are caused, even short circuit and spontaneous combustion are induced, and potential safety hazards exist.
Rigid polyurethane foam is one of the most ideal heat insulation materials, and is widely applied to the fields of refrigerators, freezers, containers, buildings, LNG ships and the like which need heat insulation. The heat transfer between the battery core inside the battery pack and the external environment is greatly reduced by covering the battery pack with a polyurethane heat-insulating layer, so that whether the battery core is still maintained at a more ideal working temperature or not is ensured when the external environment temperature is low, but the conventional polyurethane foam has the defects of inflammability, low fireproof level and poor heat-insulating effect.
Chinese patent CN 108559385a discloses a heat-insulating casing for new energy power battery and its preparation method, wherein the heat-insulating casing comprises a base casing and a heat-insulating layer arranged on the inner end surface of the base casing; the heat preservation layer is formed by reacting and curing 10-90% of A component and 10-90% of B component; wherein the component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30 to 97.6 parts of polyol, 1 to 30 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.1 to 8 parts of foaming agent, 0.1 to 10 parts of foam stabilizer, 0.1 to 3 parts of catalyst and 0 to 50 parts of functional auxiliary agent; the component B comprises diisocyanate, polyisocyanate, prepolymer of diisocyanate and/or prepolymer of polyisocyanate, but the heat preservation layer is arranged on the inner end surface of the base shell, the space is limited, and if the battery is out of control, potential safety hazards exist; and the physical properties of the heat-insulating layer are not disclosed, and the index requirements of the new energy electric vehicle battery pack on the fireproof performance and the heat-insulating performance cannot be met.
Chinese patent CN 109585734A discloses a new energy power battery box and spraying process, wherein an insulation layer is arranged on the inner and outer parts of the shell in a spraying process mode, which is not affected by the external structural shape of the shell, and has good insulation effect and is integrally formed; the heat-insulating layer on the substrate shell is formed by a spraying process, so that the thickness and uniformity of the heat-insulating layer can be controlled conveniently; however, the sprayed polyurethane foam layer cannot meet the fireproof and heat-insulating performance requirements of the electric vehicle material, and the sprayed polyurethane foam layer decays rapidly along with the temperature, so that the maintenance of the battery performance is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is that in the prior art, the battery pack box body has poor fireproof performance and poor heat preservation effect, so that the battery can be subjected to mileage reduction under extremely cold weather conditions.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of the battery pack box body corresponding to one of the technical problems.
In order to solve one of the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the battery pack box comprises an upper cover plate 1 and a battery tray 2, wherein a top surface heat preservation layer 4-1 is arranged on the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate 1, and at least a bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2 is arranged on the outer side of the battery tray 2; the top surface heat preservation layer 4-1 and the bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2 are both made of polyurethane foam and consist of a component A, B, and the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:1 to 1.1; the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 6 parts of melamine resin, 8 to 12 parts of high-functional polyether polyol, 4 to 6 parts of hard foam cross-linking agent, 40 to 45 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 20 to 25 parts of flame retardant, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of foam stabilizer, 4 to 6 parts of catalyst, 0.1 to 0.5 part of water, 10 to 13 parts of physical foaming agent and 0.5 to 1 part of antioxidant; wherein, the hydroxyl value of the melamine resin is 350-500 mgKOH/g, and the functionality is 2-4; the high-functional polyether polyol is polyether polyol taking sorbitol or sucrose as a main initiator, and the hydroxyl value is 380-550 mgKOH/g; the hard foam cross-linking agent is polyether polyol which takes ethylenediamine and toluenediamine as main starting agents, the hydroxyl value is 435-800 mgKOH/g, and the viscosity is more than 4000 mPa.s; the functionality of the flame-retardant polyester polyol is 2-3, and the hydroxyl value is 210-280 mgKOH/g; component B is polymethylphenylpolyisocyanate.
Further, the melamine resin is selected from at least one of CN-3360 or CN-4500; the high-functional polyether polyol is selected from at least one of NJ-8238, NJ-6305C or NJ-4110A; the hard foam cross-linking agent is selected from at least one of NJ-403 or TD 405; the flame retardant polyester polyol is selected from at least one of PS7001, terol250 or HF 8730.
Further, the flame retardant is phosphate flame retardant; the foam stabilizer is selected from one of non-hydrolytic silicon surfactant or polysiloxane surfactant; the catalyst is selected from at least three of amine catalysts or metal catalysts.
Further, the flame retardant is selected from at least one of TEP, TCPP, TCEP, TDCPP, FR, 530 or DMMP; the foam stabilizer is at least one selected from L6900, L6100, DC193, B8462, LK443 or LK 221; the catalyst is at least three selected from PC5, PC8, PC41, TMR-2, A33, K15, PC46, KAC or BDMAEE;
further, the physical foaming agent is selected from at least one of HFC 245fa, HFC 365/227, HFO 1233zd or HFO 1336 mzz; the antioxidant is at least one selected from Irganox 1076, anox PP18 or Irganox 1135.
Further, the side surface outer side of the battery tray 2 is also sprayed with or attached with a polyurethane foam layer to form a side surface heat insulation layer 4-3.
Further, the density of the top surface heat preservation layer 4-1, the bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2 and the side surface heat preservation layer 4-3 is 40-130 kg/m 3 Compressive strength>300kPa, fire rating V 0 Coefficient of thermal conductivity<0.03W/m·k@25℃。
Further, the density of the top surface heat preservation layer 4-1, the bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2 and the side surface heat preservation layer 4-3 is 40-60 kg/m 3 。
Further, a top surface glue layer 3-1 is arranged between the upper cover plate 1 and the top surface heat preservation layer 4-1, a bottom surface glue layer 3-2 is arranged between the bottom surface of the battery tray 2 and the bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2, and the batteryA side glue layer 3-3 is arranged between the side surface of the tray and the side surface heat preservation layer 4-3, and the coating amount of the glue layer is 50-100 g/m 2 。
Further, the viscosity of the glue used by the top surface glue layer 3-1, the bottom surface glue layer 3-2 and the side surface glue layer 3-3 is 2000-3800 mPa.s@25deg.C, the NCO% is 13-18%, and the specific gravity is 1.12-1.20%.
Further, the outer layer of the bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2 is provided with a protective layer 5.
Further, the protective layer 5 is at least one selected from polyurea and steel plate.
Further, the thickness of the top surface heat preservation layer 4-1, the bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2 and the side surface heat preservation layer 4-3 is 2-30 mm.
In order to solve the second technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a battery pack box body comprises the following steps:
(a) The upper cover plate 1 and the battery tray 2 are prepared;
(b) Polyurethane foam is sprayed or attached to the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate 1 to form a top surface heat preservation layer 4-1;
(c) Spraying or attaching polyurethane foam on at least the outer side of the bottom surface of the battery tray 2 to form a bottom surface heat insulation layer 4-2, so as to obtain a battery pack box body;
the polyurethane foam consists of a component A, B, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:1 to 1.1; the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 6 parts of melamine resin, 8 to 12 parts of high-functional polyether polyol, 4 to 6 parts of hard foam cross-linking agent, 40 to 45 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 20 to 25 parts of flame retardant, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of foam stabilizer, 4 to 6 parts of catalyst, 0.1 to 0.5 part of water, 10 to 13 parts of physical foaming agent and 0.5 to 1 part of antioxidant; wherein, the hydroxyl value of the melamine resin is 350-500 mgKOH/g, and the functionality is 2-4; the high-functional polyether polyol is polyether polyol taking sorbitol or sucrose as a main initiator, and the hydroxyl value is 380-550 mgKOH/g; the hard foam cross-linking agent is polyether polyol which takes ethylenediamine and toluenediamine as main starting agents, the hydroxyl value is 435-800 mgKOH/g, and the viscosity is more than 4000 mPa.s; the functionality of the flame-retardant polyester polyol is 2-3, and the hydroxyl value is 210-280 mgKOH/g; component B is polymethylphenylpolyisocyanate.
Further, glue is sprayed before the polyurethane foam is sprayed or attached to the polyurethane foam, so that a top glue layer 3-1, a bottom glue layer 3-2 and a side glue layer 3-3 are formed.
Further, the viscosity of the glue is 2000-3800 mPa.s@25deg.C, the NCO% is 13-18%, and the specific gravity is 1.12-1.20%.
Further, during spraying, the component A and the component B are mixed according to the weight part ratio of 1: 1-1.1, uniformly mixing by a high-pressure spraying machine, atomizing and foaming, and rapidly forming and curing the foam to form a polyurethane foam layer; wherein, the operating conditions of the high-pressure spraying machine are as follows: the distance between the nozzle and the basal plane is 300-450 mm, the moving speed is uniform, the spraying construction environment temperature is 10-25 ℃, the relative humidity is less than 85%, and the wind speed is not more than 5m/s during construction.
The battery pack box body provided by the invention forms an insulating layer by spraying or attaching hard polyurethane foam with excellent performance on the outer side of the bottom surface, the outer side of the side surface and the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate of the battery tray, and the density of the polyurethane foam insulating layer is 40-130 kg/m 3 Compressive strength>300MPa, fire rating of V 0 Coefficient of thermal conductivity<The temperature drop time in the heat preservation effect simulation experiment is long at 0.03W/m.k@25 ℃, so that the battery pack box body has the advantages of good fireproof performance, good heat preservation effect, high compression strength and small influence on the battery performance due to temperature; the thickness of the sprayed heat preservation layer is controllable, the heat preservation effect is good, and the heat transfer between the battery pack and the external environment can be effectively reduced; in addition, the outer side of the polyurethane foam on the bottom surface of the tray is sprayed with polyurea or provided with a steel plate, so that the stone-impact resistance of the battery pack box body is improved; glue is sprayed before the polyurethane foam is sprayed, so that the bonding strength between the polyurethane foam and a battery tray or an upper cover plate is further improved, the polyurethane foam is not easy to fall off at low temperature, and a good technical effect is achieved.
The test criteria used for the performance data of the polyurethane foam and battery pack case in this specification are as follows:
density: GB/T6343-2009
Compressive strength: GB/T8813-2020
Thermal conductivity coefficient: GB/T10294-2008
Fire rating: UL-94
Temperature drop time: the aluminum box simulation experiment comprises the following specific processes: two aluminum box simulated battery trays are manufactured, one aluminum box simulated battery tray is free of an insulating layer, the other aluminum box simulated battery tray is sprayed and insulated according to the technical scheme of the invention, a reference battery cell is placed in the aluminum box, and temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the middle, the secondary outer layer and the outer layer of the aluminum box. The two aluminum boxes are placed in a constant temperature environment at 25 ℃ and then placed in a constant temperature environment at-20 ℃ at the same time, and the time required for each point temperature in the aluminum boxes to drop from 25 ℃ to 0 ℃ is recorded and is recorded as the temperature drop time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a battery pack case according to the present invention.
In the attached figure 1, 1 is an upper cover plate, 2 is a battery tray, 3-1 is a top surface glue layer, 3-2 is a bottom surface glue layer, 3-3 is a side surface glue layer, 4-1 is a top surface heat preservation layer, 4-2 is a bottom surface heat preservation layer, 4-3 is a side surface heat preservation layer, and 5 is a protective layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention.
TABLE 1 bill of materials
[ example 1 ]
A preparation method of a battery pack box body comprises the following steps:
(a) The upper cover plate 1 and the battery tray 2 are prepared;
(b) Polyurethane foam is sprayed on the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate 1 to form a top surface heat preservation layer 4-1 with the thickness of 7 mm;
(c) Spraying polyurethane foam on the outer side of the bottom surface and the outer side of the side surface of the battery tray 2 to form a bottom surface heat insulation layer 4-2 and a side surface heat insulation layer 4-3 with the thickness of 7mm respectively, so as to obtain a battery pack box body;
wherein, the polyurethane foam is composed of a component A and a component B, and melamine resin CN-3360:4 parts of a high-functional polyether polyol NJ-6305C:8.96 parts of a hard foam crosslinking agent NJ-403:3.99 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol PS7001:42.95 parts, flame retardant TEP:22.93 parts of foam stabilizer DC193:0.73 part of catalyst PC-5:1.6 parts, A33:1.0 parts, K15:0.7 parts of PC-41:1.0 part of antioxidant Irganox 1076:0.5 parts of water: 0.3 part of a physical blowing agent HFC 245fa:11.97 parts; component B is polymethylphenylpolyisocyanate M20S:105.1 parts;
during spraying, the component A and the component B are uniformly mixed by a high-pressure spraying machine according to the weight part ratio, atomized and foamed, the foam is rapidly molded and cured to form a polyurethane foam layer, and the performance indexes of the polyurethane foam obtained by sampling and testing are as follows: density 45kg/m 3 Compressive strength 303kPa, fire rating V 0 The heat conductivity coefficient at 25 ℃ is 0.023W/m.k; the operating conditions of the high pressure applicator were: the distance between the spray gun opening and the basal plane is 400mm, the moving speed is uniform, the spraying construction environment temperature is 23 ℃, the relative humidity is less than 85%, and the wind speed is not more than 5m/s during construction.
[ example 2 ]
A preparation method of a battery pack box body comprises the following steps:
(a) The upper cover plate 1 and the battery tray 2 are prepared;
(b) Spraying glue Suprasec 2060 on the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate 1 to form the coating with the coating weight of 50-100 g/m 2 3-1 of the top surface glue layer; the coating amount of the battery tray 2 is 50-100 g/m 2 Respectively forming a bottom glue layer 3-2 and a side glue layer 3-3;
(c) Polyurethane foam with the thickness of 22mm is sprayed on the outer sides of the top surface glue layer 3-1 and the bottom surface glue layer 3-2 respectively to form a top surface heat preservation layer 4-1 and a bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2, and polyurethane foam with the thickness of 22mm is attached on the outer sides of the side surface glue layers 3-3 to form side surface heat preservation layers 4-3;
(d) Spraying polyurea with the thickness of 3mm on the outer side of the bottom heat preservation layer 4-2 to form a protective layer 5, so as to obtain a battery pack box body;
wherein, the performance index data of the polyurethane foam is: density 62kg/m 3 Compressive strength 416kPa, fire rating V 0 The composition of the formulation of the specific polyurethane foam having a thermal conductivity of 0.024W/mK at 25℃is shown in Table 2, and the operation conditions of the high-pressure applicator at the time of foaming by spraying are the same as those of example 1.
[ example 3 ]
A preparation method of a battery pack box body comprises the following steps:
(a) The upper cover plate 1 and the battery tray 2 are prepared;
(b) Polyurethane foam is sprayed on the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate 1 to form a top surface heat insulation layer 4-1 with the thickness of 7mm, and polyurethane foam is sprayed on the outer side of the bottom surface and the outer side of the side surface of the battery tray 2 to form a bottom surface heat insulation layer 4-2 and a side surface heat insulation layer 4-3 with the thickness of 7mm respectively; obtaining a battery pack box body;
wherein, the performance index data of the polyurethane foam is: density 81kg/m 3 Compression strength 838kPa, fire rating V 0 The composition of the formulation of the specific polyurethane foam having a thermal conductivity of 0.025W/m.k at 25℃is shown in Table 2, and the operation conditions of the high-pressure applicator at the time of foaming by spraying are the same as those of example 1.
[ example 4 ]
A preparation method of a battery pack box body comprises the following steps:
(a) The upper cover plate 1 and the battery tray 2 are prepared;
(b) Spraying glue Suprasec 2060 on the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate 1 to form the coating with the coating weight of 50-100 g/m 2 3-1 of the top surface glue layer; the coating amount of the battery tray 2 is 50-100 g/m 2 Respectively forming a bottom glue layer 3-2 and a side glue layer 3-3;
(c) Polyurethane foam with the thickness of 22mm is sprayed on the outer sides of the top surface glue layer 3-1 and the bottom surface glue layer 3-2 respectively to form a top surface heat preservation layer 4-1 and a bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2, and polyurethane foam with the thickness of 22mm is attached on the outer sides of the side surface glue layers 3-3 to form side surface heat preservation layers 4-3;
(d) Arranging a steel plate on the outer side of the bottom heat preservation layer 4-2 to form a protective layer 5, thereby obtaining a battery pack box body;
wherein, the performance index data of the polyurethane foam is: density 103kg/m 3 Compressive strength 1026kPa, fire rating V 0 The composition of the formulation of the specific polyurethane foam having a thermal conductivity of 0.025W/m.k at 25℃is shown in Table 2, and the operation conditions of the high-pressure applicator at the time of foaming by spraying are the same as those of example 1.
[ example 5 ]
A preparation method of a battery pack box body comprises the following steps:
(a) The upper cover plate 1 and the battery tray 2 are prepared;
(b) Spraying glue Suprasec 2060 on the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate 1 to form the coating with the coating weight of 50-100 g/m 2 3-1 of the top surface glue layer; the coating amount of the battery tray 2 is 50-100 g/m 2 Respectively forming a bottom glue layer 3-2 and a side glue layer 3-3;
(c) Polyurethane foam with the thickness of 27mm is sprayed on the outer sides of the top surface glue layer 3-1 and the bottom surface glue layer 3-2 respectively to form a top surface heat preservation layer 4-1 and a bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2, and polyurethane foam with the thickness of 27mm is attached on the outer sides of the side surface glue layers 3-3 to form side surface heat preservation layers 4-3;
(d) Spraying a polyurea layer with the thickness of 3mm on the outer side of the bottom surface heat preservation layer 4-2 to form a protective layer 5, so as to obtain a battery pack box body;
wherein, the performance index data of the polyurethane foam is: density of 125kg/m 3 Compression strength 1458kPa, fire rating V 0 The composition of the formulation of the specific polyurethane foam having a thermal conductivity of 0.026W/mK at 25℃is shown in Table 2, and the operation conditions of the high-pressure applicator at the time of foaming by spraying are the same as those of example 1.
[ example 6 ]
The heat preservation effect simulation experiment of the battery pack box body comprises the following specific processes:
(a) Preparing 6 aluminum boxes with the dimensions of 24cm multiplied by 12cm to replace battery pack boxes, wherein the aluminum boxes are respectively marked as No. 1, no. 2, no. 3, no. 4, no. 5 and No. 6, reference battery core materials are respectively placed in the aluminum boxes, and temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the central position, the secondary outer position and the outer position inside the aluminum boxes;
(b) Carrying out heat preservation spraying treatment on the outer surface of the No. 2-No. 6 aluminum box according to the technical schemes of the embodiments 1-5 respectively;
(c) The non-heat-insulating 1# aluminum box and the heat-insulating 2# to 6# aluminum boxes are simultaneously placed in a 25 ℃ environment for constant temperature treatment, then are simultaneously placed in a-20 ℃ constant temperature environment, and the time required for the temperature of different positions in the aluminum boxes to drop from 25 ℃ to 0 ℃ is recorded and recorded as the temperature drop time, and the specific results are shown in Table 3.
Table 2 formulation weight part composition of polyurethane foam in examples 1 to 5
TABLE 3 simulation experiment result data of aluminum box
The fire-proof grade of the battery pack box body manufactured by adopting the technical scheme of the invention is V 0 The heat preservation simulation experiment shows that the internal temperature of the aluminum box (2 # to 6 #) adopting the heat preservation schemes of the embodiments 1-5 has small attenuation along with the change of the low-temperature environment temperature, long temperature drop time and good heat preservation effect; the strength of the battery pack box body is improved and the stone-impact resistance is good by matching with the arrangement of polyurea or steel plates; the use of the glue is also advancedThe bonding strength between the polyurethane foam and the battery tray or the upper cover plate is enhanced in one step, and the polyurethane foam and the matrix are not easy to fall off; the method can be used for industrial production of the battery pack box body of the new energy electric vehicle.

Claims (10)

1. The battery pack box body comprises an upper cover plate (1) and a battery tray (2), and is characterized in that a top surface heat preservation layer (4-1) is arranged on the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate (1), and at least a bottom surface heat preservation layer (4-2) is arranged on the outer side of the battery tray (2); the top surface heat preservation layer (4-1) and the bottom surface heat preservation layer (4-2) are both made of polyurethane foam and consist of a component A, B, and the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:1 to 1.1; the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 6 parts of melamine resin, 8 to 12 parts of high-functional polyether polyol, 4 to 6 parts of hard foam cross-linking agent, 40 to 45 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 20 to 25 parts of flame retardant, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of foam stabilizer, 4 to 6 parts of catalyst, 0.1 to 0.5 part of water, 10 to 13 parts of physical foaming agent and 0.5 to 1 part of antioxidant; wherein, the hydroxyl value of the melamine resin is 350-500 mgKOH/g, and the functionality is 2-4; the high-functional polyether polyol is polyether polyol taking sorbitol or sucrose as a main initiator, and the hydroxyl value is 380-550 mgKOH/g; the hard foam cross-linking agent is polyether polyol which takes ethylenediamine and toluenediamine as main starting agents, the hydroxyl value is 435-800 mgKOH/g, and the viscosity is more than 4000 mPa.s;
the functionality of the flame-retardant polyester polyol is 2-3, and the hydroxyl value is 210-280 mgKOH/g; component B is polymethylphenylpolyisocyanate; and the density of the polyurethane foam is 40-130 kg/m 3 Compressive strength>300kPa, fire rating V 0 Coefficient of thermal conductivity<0.03W/m·k@25℃。
2. The battery pack case according to claim 1, wherein the melamine resin is at least one selected from CN-3360 and CN-4500; the high-functional polyether polyol is selected from at least one of NJ-8238, NJ-6305C or NJ-4110A; the hard foam cross-linking agent is selected from at least one of NJ-403 or TD 405; the flame-retardant polyester polyol is selected from at least one of PS7001, terol250 or HF 8730; the flame retardant is at least one selected from TEP, TCPP, TCEP, TDCPP, FR and 530 or DMMP; the foam stabilizer is at least one selected from L6900, L6100, DC193, B8462, LK443 or LK 221; the catalyst is at least three selected from PC5, PC8, PC41, TMR-2, A33, K15, PC46, KAC or BDMAEE; the physical foaming agent is selected from at least one of HFC 245fa, HFC 365/227, HFO 1233zd or HFO 1336 mzz; the antioxidant is at least one selected from Irganox 1076, anox PP18 or Irganox 1135.
3. The battery pack case according to claim 1, wherein a side heat-insulating layer (4-3) is provided on the side outside of the battery tray (2), the side heat-insulating layer (4-3) being polyurethane foam having a density of 40 to 130kg/m 3 Compressive strength>300kPa, fire rating V 0 Coefficient of thermal conductivity<0.03W/m·k@25℃。
4. A battery pack case according to claim 3, wherein a top surface glue layer (3-1) is arranged between the upper cover plate (1) and the top surface heat preservation layer (4-1), a bottom surface glue layer (3-2) is arranged between the bottom surface of the battery tray (2) and the bottom surface heat preservation layer (4-2), a side surface glue layer (3-3) is arranged between the side surface of the battery tray and the side surface heat preservation layer (4-3), and the coating amount of the glue layer is 50-100 g/m 2 。
5. The battery pack case according to claim 4, wherein the glue used for the top side glue layer (3-1), the bottom side glue layer (3-2) and the side glue layer (3-3) has a viscosity of 2000 to 3800 mPa-s@25deg.C, an NCO% of 13 to 18% and a specific gravity of 1.12 to 1.20%.
6. The battery pack case according to claim 1, wherein the outer layer of the bottom heat-insulating layer (4-2) is provided with a protective layer (5), and the protective layer (5) is at least one selected from polyurea and steel plates.
7. A battery pack case according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the top heat insulating layer (4-1), the bottom heat insulating layer (4-2) and the side heat insulating layer (4-3) is 2 to 30mm, and the density is 40 to 60kg/m 3 。
8. The method for manufacturing a battery pack case according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(a) Preparing an upper cover plate (1) and a battery tray (2);
(b) Polyurethane foam is sprayed or attached to the outer side of the top surface of the upper cover plate (1) to form a top surface heat insulation layer (4-1);
(c) At least spraying or attaching polyurethane foam on the outer side of the bottom surface of the battery tray (2) to form a bottom surface heat insulation layer (4-2) so as to obtain a battery pack box body;
the polyurethane foam consists of a component A, B, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:1 to 1.1; the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 6 parts of melamine resin, 8 to 12 parts of high-functional polyether polyol, 4 to 6 parts of hard foam cross-linking agent, 40 to 45 parts of flame-retardant polyester polyol, 20 to 25 parts of flame retardant, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of foam stabilizer, 4 to 6 parts of catalyst, 0.1 to 0.5 part of water, 10 to 13 parts of physical foaming agent and 0.5 to 1 part of antioxidant; wherein, the hydroxyl value of the melamine resin is 350-500 mgKOH/g, and the functionality is 2-4; the high-functional polyether polyol is polyether polyol taking sorbitol or sucrose as a main initiator, and the hydroxyl value is 380-550 mgKOH/g; the hard foam cross-linking agent is polyether polyol which takes ethylenediamine and toluenediamine as main starting agents, the hydroxyl value is 435-800 mgKOH/g, and the viscosity is more than 4000 mPa.s; the functionality of the flame-retardant polyester polyol is 2-3, and the hydroxyl value is 210-280 mgKOH/g; component B is polymethylphenylpolyisocyanate.
9. The method for preparing a battery pack case according to claim 8, wherein glue is sprayed before spraying or attaching polyurethane foam, the viscosity of the glue is 2000-3800 mpa.s@25deg.C, NCO% is 13-18%, and specific gravity is 1.12-1.20%.
10. The method for preparing the battery pack case according to claim 8, wherein the component A and the component B are sprayed according to the weight part ratio of 1: 1-1.1, uniformly mixing by a high-pressure spraying machine, atomizing and foaming, and rapidly forming and curing the foam to form a polyurethane foam layer; wherein, the operating conditions of the high-pressure spraying machine are as follows: the distance between the nozzle and the basal plane is 300-450 mm, the moving speed is uniform, the spraying construction environment temperature is 10-25 ℃, the relative humidity is less than 85%, and the wind speed is not more than 5m/s during construction.
CN202211174301.7A 2022-09-26 2022-09-26 Battery pack box and preparation method thereof Pending CN116885365A (en)

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