CN116882555A - Multi-order layout optimization method with limited sorting stations - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a multi-order layout optimization method with limited sorting stations, which comprises the steps of inputting file information, and classifying the file information by taking raw material plates as references to obtain orders owned by customers under each raw material plate and plates contained in the orders; ordering the order sequences of each customer in each group of customer sequences by adopting a randomization method to obtain a plurality of groups of order sequences; adding multiple sets of order sequences into an order pool; the utilization rate of the raw material plates is reduced to be arranged on a plurality of result layouts; directly storing a result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than the set high utilization rate value; and judging whether the arrangement of all orders in the order pool is completed or not. The application solves the problems that the traditional multi-order mixing and cutting mode is a direct combined order, various combinations are not fully considered, the raw material plates cannot be fully utilized, and the subsequent sorting and discharging are not fully considered due to excessive mixing of the number of orders, so that the storage cost and the sorting difficulty are increased.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of plate typesetting optimization, in particular to a multi-order typesetting optimization method with limited sorting stations.
Background
The cutting of the rectangular plate product order is to automatically cut and process the rectangle given in the customer order by a pointer, and the cutting significance and importance are that the cutting is a basic link in the production flow, and the downstream production efficiency and the product quality are directly affected; the traditional manual cutting mode is difficult to meet the high-efficiency and high-quality requirements of modern manufacturing industry, so that an automatic and intelligent cutting technology needs to be introduced, thereby improving the production efficiency, reducing the production cost and improving the quality, precision and stability of products.
Currently, the cutting process of rectangular plate products faces some difficulties, including: a large number of orders are different in type and specification, and cutting processing is required for different orders; secondly, the material and the size of the raw material plates of the rectangular plate product are different, and cutting processing is required to be carried out on different raw material plates, so that the production cost and the complexity are increased; meanwhile, the mixed cutting processing of the rectangular plate product also needs to consider the utilization rate and the sorting rate of materials, and an optimal cutting scheme needs to be designed according to different orders, so that the algorithm difficulty is increased.
Currently, the cutting of rectangular plate product orders is either going to progress in the direction of high utilization or in the direction of low sorting rate for reducing the manpower costs, leading to the following problems in the cutting and sorting process: first, the conventional cutting method cannot sufficiently consider the utilization rate of the raw material plate. The traditional mixed cutting mode is often a direct combined order, and various combinations are not fully considered, so that raw material plates cannot be fully utilized, a large amount of raw material plate resources are wasted, and the production cost is increased; second, conventional cutting methods do not adequately consider sorting rate. The existing multi-order mixed cutting mode can have higher utilization rate of raw material plates, but due to the fact that the number of orders is too large, subsequent sorting and discharging cannot be fully considered, storage cost and space are correspondingly increased, and sorting difficulty is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the application provides a multi-order layout optimization method with limited sorting stations, which aims to solve the problems that the traditional multi-order mixing cutting mode is a direct combined order, various combinations are not fully considered, so that raw material plates cannot be fully utilized, and the subsequent sorting and discharging are not fully considered due to excessive mixing of the number of orders, so that the storage cost and the sorting difficulty are increased.
To achieve the purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a sorting station limited multi-order stock layout optimization method comprises the following steps:
step S1: inputting file information, wherein the file information comprises clients, orders, plates and raw material plate information, and classifying the file information by taking raw material plates as references to obtain the orders owned by each raw material plate client and the plates contained in the orders;
step S2: arranging the client sequences of each raw material plate, randomly generating a plurality of groups of client sequences, and constructing a group of client sequences by adopting a heuristic method; ordering the order sequences of each customer in each group of customer sequences by adopting a randomization method to obtain a plurality of groups of order sequences;
step S3: adding a plurality of groups of order sequences into an order pool, and calling a layout algorithm to layout all the plates in the order pool when the number of orders in the order pool reaches a first specified value or the number of clients in the order pool reaches a second specified value to obtain a plurality of result layouts of all the plates in the order pool;
step S4: the utilization rate of the raw material plates is reduced to be arranged on a plurality of result layouts;
step S5: directly storing a result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than the set high utilization rate value; processing the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value;
step S6: judging whether the layout of all orders in the order pool is completed or not, if yes, outputting all result layouts; if not, continuing to add the order to the order pool, and repeating the steps S3-S5 until the arrangement of all orders in the order pool is completed.
Preferably, in step S2, the heuristic method specifically refers to a method of sorting according to the number of ordered boards of the customer and the total area of the boards, and inserting the ordered boards back and forth;
the randomization method comprises random exchange, random insertion and random deletion.
Preferably, in step S4, a specific calculation formula of the raw material board utilization rate is as follows:
wherein r represents the utilization rate of the raw material plate; w (w) i Representing the width of the ith plate member on the stock plate; l (L) i Representing the height of the ith plate on the stock plate; w represents the width of the raw material plate; l represents the height of the raw material plate; i represents the number of plates on the raw material plate, i=1, 2.
Preferably, in step S5, after the direct saving of the result layout in which the utilization rate of the raw material board is greater than the set high utilization rate value, the method further includes the steps of: updating the cutting states of all orders and the plates contained in the orders in the order pool;
after the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value is processed, the method further comprises the following steps: and updating the cutting states of all orders and the plates contained in the orders in the order pool.
Preferably, in step S5, the processing is performed on the result layout with the raw material board utilization rate greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value, specifically including the following substeps:
step S51: counting orders contained in each result layout;
step S52: judging the complete state of the stock layout of each order, and if the complete state of the stock layout of each order is an incomplete state, reducing the set low utilization value until the stock layout of one order is completed;
step S53: and according to the ascending order of the number of the result boards corresponding to each order, processing the order corresponding to the least result boards, and storing the corresponding result boards.
Preferably, in step S6, after each addition of an order to the order pool, the cutting state of all orders in the order pool and the plates contained therein is reset.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can have the following beneficial effects:
according to the scheme, the dynamic order pool mechanism is added in the order cutting process, so that the utilization rate of production equipment and human resources can be fully considered, the dynamic order pool mechanism can automatically adjust the online order quantity according to the number of sorting stations, and corresponding adjustment can be quickly made according to the change; meanwhile, a plurality of orders in the order pool can be mixed and cut, so that the raw material plates can be fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the raw material plates is improved; in addition, a low-utilization-rate cut-off mechanism is added in the order cutting process, and the mechanism can sort orders according to the utilization rate and sorting times of the raw material plates, so that high utilization rate, less sorting times and lower storage cost can be ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a sorting station limited multiple order placement optimization method.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
A sorting station limited multi-order stock layout optimization method comprises the following steps:
step S1: inputting file information, wherein the file information comprises clients, orders, plates and raw material plate information, and classifying the file information by taking raw material plates as references to obtain the orders owned by each raw material plate client and the plates contained in the orders;
step S2: arranging the client sequences of each raw material plate, randomly generating a plurality of groups of client sequences, and constructing a group of client sequences by adopting a heuristic method; ordering the order sequences of each customer in each group of customer sequences by adopting a randomization method to obtain a plurality of groups of order sequences;
step S3: adding a plurality of groups of order sequences into an order pool, and calling a layout algorithm to layout all the plates in the order pool when the number of orders in the order pool reaches a first specified value or the number of clients in the order pool reaches a second specified value to obtain a plurality of result layouts of all the plates in the order pool;
step S4: the utilization rate of the raw material plates is reduced to be arranged on a plurality of result layouts;
step S5: directly storing a result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than the set high utilization rate value; processing the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value;
step S6: judging whether the layout of all orders in the order pool is completed or not, if yes, outputting all result layouts; if not, continuing to add the order to the order pool, and repeating the steps S3-S5 until the arrangement of all orders in the order pool is completed.
In the multi-order layout optimization method with limited sorting stations, as shown in fig. 1, the first step is to input file information, wherein the file information comprises customer information, orders, plate information and raw material plate information, and classify the file information by taking raw material plates as references to obtain orders owned by customers under each raw material plate and plate information contained in the orders. In this embodiment, file information including customer, order, board and raw board information needs to be entered into a program, and these information data are automatically collected by the program for subsequent data processing and analysis. Further, the raw material plates are basic materials for cutting rectangular plate products, and the size, the material quality, the quantity and other information directly affect the cutting efficiency and the cost, so that reasonable classification and organization of the raw material plates are needed, customers are further classified based on the classification of the raw material plates, orders of all customers and plates contained in all orders are classified, and therefore orders owned by all customers and the plates contained in all orders can be determined. Secondly, arranging the client sequences of each raw material plate, randomly generating a plurality of groups of client sequences, and constructing a group of client sequences by adopting a heuristic method; and ordering the order sequences of each customer in each group of customer sequences by adopting a randomization method to obtain a plurality of groups of order sequences. In this embodiment, in order to control the number of clients on line, the client sequence of each raw board needs to be arranged in the process of cutting the rectangular board product order, and the method adopted here is to construct multiple random client sequences and add a set of client sequences obtained by heuristic method. Meanwhile, in order to fully search the solution space and control the online order quantity, a plurality of groups of random arrangement needs to be carried out on the order sequence of each customer so as to ensure the randomness and the independence of each group of order sequences. And thirdly, adding a plurality of groups of order sequences into an order pool, and calling a layout algorithm to layout all the plates in the order pool when the number of orders in the order pool reaches a first specified value or the number of clients in the order pool reaches a second specified value to obtain a plurality of result layouts of all the plates in the order pool. In this embodiment, the first predetermined value is 5, and the second predetermined value is 2. The layout algorithm is an existing plate layout algorithm, and multiple result layouts of all plates in the order pool are obtained through the layout algorithm, so that subsequent sorting of the result layouts is facilitated. And fourthly, arranging the utilization rate of the raw material plates of a plurality of result layouts in a descending order, so that the subsequent processing of the result layouts can be facilitated. Fifthly, directly storing a result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being larger than the set high utilization rate value; and processing the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value. In this embodiment, the high utilization rate is set to 90%, the low utilization rate is set to 80%, and in order to improve the utilization rate and the production efficiency of the raw material board in the cutting process of the rectangular plate product order, a set high utilization rate is generally set, and when the utilization rate of the raw material board of a certain result layout exceeds the set high utilization rate, the standard of the high utilization rate is reached, so that the result layout is directly saved. In order to ensure the fluidity of a dynamic order pool and fewer order sorting times, when the utilization rate of a raw material plate of a certain result layout is between a set high utilization rate value and a set low utilization rate value, firstly counting orders contained in each result layout, and analyzing whether the order is finished to arrange a sample; if no order of the order is completed, the set low utilization value needs to be reduced until the order of one order is completed; then, the orders corresponding to the least result layout are processed according to the ascending order of the result layout number corresponding to the orders, and the result layout is stored, so that the online order quantity is reduced and the sorting times and the storage cost are reduced while the higher utilization rate is kept. Step six, judging whether the layout of all orders in the order pool is finished, if yes, outputting all result layouts; if not, continuing to add the order to the order pool, and repeating the steps S3-S5 until the arrangement of all orders in the order pool is completed. Specifically, in order to determine whether the plate has been cut out, the plate has both cut states of uncut and cut; one order may involve cutting multiple plates, so that orders in the pool of orders may have both completed and unfinished stock complete status. For a completed order, it is necessary to delete it from the pool of orders and mark the plates it contains as cut; for unfinished orders, the plate state needs to be updated, then the order pool is added again, mixed cutting is carried out with the next newly added orders, and meanwhile the plates contained in the orders are marked as cut states.
According to the scheme, the dynamic order pool mechanism is added in the order cutting process, so that the utilization rate of production equipment and human resources can be fully considered, the dynamic order pool mechanism can automatically adjust the online order quantity according to the number of sorting stations, and corresponding adjustment can be quickly made according to the change; meanwhile, a plurality of orders in the order pool can be mixed and cut, so that the raw material plates can be fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the raw material plates is improved; in addition, a low-utilization-rate cut-off mechanism is added in the order cutting process, and the mechanism can sort orders according to the utilization rate and sorting times of the raw material plates, so that high utilization rate, less sorting times and lower storage cost can be ensured.
Preferably, in step S2, the heuristic method specifically refers to a method of sorting and inserting each other front and back according to the number of ordered boards of the customer and the total area of the boards; the randomization method comprises random exchange, random insertion and random deletion.
In this embodiment, the client sequence is obtained by a heuristic method, and the heuristic method is to try in a limited search space, so that the number of attempts can be greatly reduced, and the problem can be quickly solved. In the process of ordering the order sequences of each customer within each group of customer sequences, a randomization method is employed to increase the randomness and diversity of the shuffling. The order sequence of the mixed-arrangement clients is a key step in the order cutting flow of the rectangular plate product, wherein the step is to randomly arrange the orders in the same clients, specifically, the orders in the same clients are numbered, and the orders are randomly arranged according to the order numbers; in the mixed arrangement process, factors such as priority and emergency degree of orders are considered, timely delivery of the orders and maximization of production efficiency are guaranteed, and finally a random plurality of groups of order sequences delimited by clients are obtained.
Preferably, in step S4, a specific calculation formula of the utilization rate of the raw material plate is as follows:
wherein r represents the utilization rate of the raw material plate; w (w) i Representing the width of the ith plate member on the stock plate; l (L) i Representing the height of the ith plate on the stock plate; w represents the width of the raw material plate; l represents the height of the raw material plate; i represents the number of plates on the raw material plate, i=1, 2.
In this embodiment, through calculating raw materials board utilization ratio and improving raw materials board utilization ratio, can guarantee each plate maximize utilization in the raw materials board, reduce a large amount of extravagant of plate.
Preferably, in step S5, after the direct saving of the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than the set high utilization rate value, the method further includes the steps of: updating the cutting states of all orders and the plates contained in the orders in the order pool;
after the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value is processed, the method further comprises the following steps: and updating the cutting states of all orders and the plates contained in the orders in the order pool.
In this embodiment, the management and optimization of subsequent orders are facilitated by updating the cutting states of all orders and the plates included in the order pool.
Preferably, in step S5, the processing is performed on the result layout with the raw material plate utilization rate greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value, specifically including the following substeps:
step S51: counting orders contained in each result layout;
step S52: judging the complete state of the stock layout of each order, and if the complete state of the stock layout of each order is an incomplete state, reducing the set low utilization value until the stock layout of one order is completed;
step S53: and according to the ascending order of the number of the result boards corresponding to each order, processing the order corresponding to the least result boards, and storing the corresponding result boards.
In this embodiment, a low-utilization rate cut-off mechanism is added in the order cutting process, that is, in order to ensure the fluidity of a dynamic order pool and less order sorting times, when the utilization rate of a raw material plate of a certain result layout is between a set high-utilization rate value and a set low-utilization rate value, firstly, counting orders contained in each result layout, and analyzing whether the order is complete or not; if no order of the order is completed, the set low utilization value needs to be reduced until the order of one order is completed; then, the orders corresponding to the least result layout are processed according to the ascending order of the result layout number corresponding to the orders, and the result layout is stored, so that the online order quantity is reduced and the sorting times and the storage cost are reduced while the higher utilization rate is kept.
Preferably, in step S6, after each addition of an order to the order pool, the cutting states of all orders in the order pool and the plates contained therein are reset. In this embodiment, to adequately search the solution space, multiple cycles are performed with different set high utilization values and different order sequences. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the independence of each cycle, the cutting state of all orders in the order pool and the plates contained in the orders pool needs to be reset before each cycle is entered, namely after each order is added to the order pool.
Furthermore, functional units in various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. The integrated modules may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the application.
Claims (6)
1. A sorting station limited multi-order layout optimization method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: inputting file information, wherein the file information comprises clients, orders, plates and raw material plate information, and classifying the file information by taking raw material plates as references to obtain the orders owned by each raw material plate client and the plates contained in the orders;
step S2: arranging the client sequences of each raw material plate, randomly generating a plurality of groups of client sequences, and constructing a group of client sequences by adopting a heuristic method; ordering the order sequences of each customer in each group of customer sequences by adopting a randomization method to obtain a plurality of groups of order sequences;
step S3: adding a plurality of groups of order sequences into an order pool, and calling a layout algorithm to layout all the plates in the order pool when the number of orders in the order pool reaches a first specified value or the number of clients in the order pool reaches a second specified value to obtain a plurality of result layouts of all the plates in the order pool;
step S4: the utilization rate of the raw material plates is reduced to be arranged on a plurality of result layouts;
step S5: directly storing a result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than the set high utilization rate value; processing the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value;
step S6: judging whether the layout of all orders in the order pool is completed or not, if yes, outputting all result layouts; if not, continuing to add the order to the order pool, and repeating the steps S3-S5 until the arrangement of all orders in the order pool is completed.
2. A sorting station limited multiple order stock optimization method according to claim 1, characterized by: in step S2, the heuristic method specifically refers to a method of sorting according to the number of ordered boards of the customer and the total area of the boards, and inserting the ordered boards back and forth;
the randomization method comprises random exchange, random insertion and random deletion.
3. A sorting station limited multiple order stock optimization method according to claim 1, characterized by: in step S4, a specific calculation formula of the utilization rate of the raw material plate is as follows:
wherein r represents the utilization rate of the raw material plate; w (w) i Representing the width of the ith plate member on the stock plate; l (L) i Representing the height of the ith plate on the stock plate; w represents the width of the raw material plate; l represents the height of the raw material plate; i represents the number of plates on the raw material plate, i=1, 2.
4. A sorting station limited multiple order stock optimization method according to claim 1, characterized by: in step S5, after the direct saving of the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than the set high utilization rate value, the method further includes the steps of: updating the cutting states of all orders and the plates contained in the orders in the order pool;
after the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value is processed, the method further comprises the following steps: and updating the cutting states of all orders and the plates contained in the orders in the order pool.
5. A sorting station limited multiple order stock optimization method according to claim 1, characterized by: in step S5, the processing is performed on the result layout with the utilization rate of the raw material plate being greater than or equal to the set low utilization rate value and less than or equal to the set high utilization rate value, specifically including the following sub-steps:
step S51: counting orders contained in each result layout;
step S52: judging the complete state of the stock layout of each order, and if the complete state of the stock layout of each order is an incomplete state, reducing the set low utilization value until the stock layout of one order is completed;
step S53: and according to the ascending order of the number of the result boards corresponding to each order, processing the order corresponding to the least result boards, and storing the corresponding result boards.
6. A sorting station limited multiple order stock optimization method according to claim 1, characterized by: in step S6, after each order is added to the order pool, all orders in the order pool and the cutting states of the plates contained in the orders are reset.
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