CN116882014A - Automatic building design method based on BIM technology - Google Patents
Automatic building design method based on BIM technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a building automatic design method based on BIM technology, which comprises the following steps: leading in a building scheme diagram and early building conditions; initializing prepositive parameters, generating and storing a three-dimensional coordinate system of the project model, and filling in the prepositive parameters and the civil engineering professional design requirements; generating a civil engineering professional BIM model; inputting the design requirement of an electromechanical system; the cloud invokes the prepositive parameters, the design requirements and the generated building and structure professional BIM model to carry out electromechanical system modeling; outputting a BIM model of the electromechanical system; the prepositive parameters comprise project sites, project properties and load levels; the design requirements include specific textual descriptions such as trunk and radial power distribution practices in a power distribution system. The automatic design method for the building can reduce labor cost to a great extent, reduce drawing reworking, shorten design period and improve drawing quality. As the BIM model, the CAD drawing and the bill of materials can be generated at the same time, the effect of 'taking the place and starting the work' can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic building design method, in particular to an automatic building design method based on BIM technology.
Background
At present, architectural design is carried out through manpower, and the problems to be solved at present include: the drawing of the design drawing consumes a great deal of manpower and time, and the design cost is high; the design drawing is frequently modified and the modification time is rapid, so that the drawing quality can be reduced along with the increase of the number of modification times; the functions of part of software products are single, and a complete building construction diagram cannot be generated; main construction diagram design of the structure can be completed by mainstream structure design software in the market, but the accuracy of the software-derived construction diagram is greatly different from the actual engineering requirement.
The traditional building design requires complicated manual calculation such as short-circuit current calculation, voltage loss calculation, calculation current calculation, illumination calculation and the like, and is easy to make mistakes in the calculation process due to the tension of drawing time.
By acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the equipment for calculation and automatically generating the BIM model, the CAD drawing and the bill of materials, the computer power can be saved, and a large amount of redundant data can appear in the traditional generation of the acquired data, which is irrelevant to calculation or modeling.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide an automatic construction design method that solves at least one of the problems described above.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s100, importing a building scheme diagram and early building conditions;
s200, initializing prepositive parameters, generating and storing a three-dimensional coordinate system of the project model, and filling in the prepositive parameters and the civil engineering professional design requirements;
s300, generating a civil engineering professional BIM model;
s400, inputting the design requirement of an electromechanical system;
s500, the cloud call the prepositive parameters, the design requirements and the generated civil engineering professional BIM model in the steps S200, S300 and S400 to carry out electromechanical system modeling;
s600, outputting a BIM model of the electromechanical system;
the pre-parameters include project location, project property, load level.
As a further aspect of the invention: the step S500 specifically includes:
s511, calling an automatic generation module of the power distribution system, generating a bridge, a distribution box, a cable and a pipe, outputting a power distribution system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device;
s512, calling an automatic lighting system generating module, generating a distribution box and a bridge, reading the sizes of functional rooms in the building BIM model, generating lamps, cables and pipes, outputting a lighting system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device;
s513, calling an automatic fire-fighting electrical system generating module, analyzing equipment which needs to be linked with a fire-fighting electrical system in a power distribution system model and a lighting system model, outputting the fire-fighting electrical system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each equipment;
s514, calling an automatic weak current system generating module, identifying three-dimensional coordinates of an electric well in the BIM model of the structure, judging positions of the electric well and each functional room, calculating the minimum path and the minimum size, generating equipment and a main pipeline of the weak current system, outputting the weak current system model, and correspondingly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of each equipment;
s515, calling an automatic generation module of the lightning grounding system, identifying the geographic position and the building height of the project, outputting a lightning grounding system model, and correspondingly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of each device.
As a further aspect of the invention: the step S600 further includes the steps of:
s700, auditing and modifying the civil engineering and electromechanical BIM model, and outputting a CAD drawing through a project three-dimensional coordinate system;
s800, according to the civil engineering and electromechanical BIM model and the CAD drawing, a project bill of materials is derived.
As a further aspect of the invention: the step S500 specifically includes:
s521, calling an automatic water supply system generating module to generate a water supply pipeline, a valve and a water meter, outputting a water supply system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each device and each pipe starting and ending point;
s522, calling an automatic hot water system generating module, generating a hot water pipeline and a valve, outputting a hot water system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s523, calling an automatic sewage system generating module to generate a sewage pipeline and a valve, outputting a sewage system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and the starting and ending points of the pipe;
s524, calling an automatic wastewater system generation module, generating a wastewater pipeline and a valve, outputting a wastewater system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s525, calling a rainwater system automatic generation module, generating a rainwater pipeline and a valve, outputting a rainwater system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each device and each pipe starting and ending point;
s526, calling an automatic generation module of the air-conditioning condensate water drainage system, generating an air-conditioning condensate water drainage pipeline and a valve, outputting an air-conditioning condensate water drainage system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of starting and ending points of each device and the pipe;
s527, calling an automatic generation module of the indoor fire hydrant system, generating an indoor fire hydrant pipeline, a valve and a fire hydrant, outputting an indoor fire hydrant system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s528, calling an automatic generation module of the fire extinguisher system, and combining the three-dimensional coordinate position of the fire hydrant in the step S570 to generate the fire extinguisher.
As a further aspect of the invention: the step S500 specifically includes:
s531, calling an automatic generation module of the air conditioning system to generate air pipe, air port, pipe well and machine room models of the air conditioning system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s532, calling an automatic generation module of the ventilation system to generate models of an air pipe, an air port, a pipe well and a machine room of the ventilation system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of starting and ending points of each device and the pipe;
s533, calling an automatic heating system generating module to generate a heating system pipeline, heating equipment, equipment accessories and a machine room model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s534, calling an automatic generation module of the smoke prevention system to generate a model of an air pipe, an air port, a pipe well and a machine room of the smoke prevention system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe; s550, calling an automatic generation module of the smoke exhaust system to generate models of an air pipe, an air port, a pipe well and a machine room of the smoke exhaust system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of starting and ending points of each device and the pipe.
As a further aspect of the invention: the step S300 specifically includes:
s310, calling a building professional automatic generation module to generate wall, door, window, column, roof, ceiling, curtain wall, railing, stair and ramp models, correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each component, and correspondingly generating functional areas of each room;
s320, calling a structure professional automatic generation module to generate wall, beam, floor slab, column, truss, steel bar, stair and steel structure models, correspondingly obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of each component, and correspondingly generating functional areas of each room. The automatic design method for the building can reduce labor cost to a great extent, reduce drawing reworking, shorten design period and improve drawing quality. As the BIM model, the CAD drawing and the bill of materials can be generated at the same time, the effect of 'taking the place and starting the work' can be achieved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following describes in further detail a building automatic design method based on the BIM technology in connection with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more; the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "head," "tail," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used as directions or positional relationships based on the directions shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention provides a building electrical system automatic design method based on BIM technology, which comprises the following steps:
s100, importing a building scheme diagram and early building conditions;
s200, initializing prepositive parameters, generating and storing a three-dimensional coordinate system of a project model, and filling in the prepositive parameters and the design requirements of civil engineering professions (including but not limited to building professions and structural professions);
s300, generating a civil engineering professional BIM model;
s400, inputting the design requirement of an electromechanical system;
s500, the cloud call the prepositive parameters, the design requirements and the generated civil engineering professional BIM model in the steps S200, S300 and S400 to carry out electromechanical system modeling;
s600, outputting the BIM model of the electromechanical system.
The prepositive parameters comprise project sites, project properties and load levels;
the design requirements include specific literal descriptions such as trunk and radial power distribution practices in a power distribution system;
the electromechanical system comprises, but is not limited to, water supply and drainage, heating ventilation and air conditioning, electric and intelligent professions.
As a further aspect of the invention: the step S600 further includes the steps of:
s700, checking and modifying the BIM model of the building electrical system, and outputting a CAD drawing;
s800, according to the CAD drawing, a project bill of materials is derived.
Further, the step S300 specifically includes:
s310, calling a building professional automatic generation module to generate wall, door, window, column, roof, ceiling, curtain wall, railing, stair and ramp models, correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each component, and correspondingly generating functional areas of each room;
s320, calling a structure professional automatic generation module to generate wall, beam, floor slab, column, truss, steel bar, stair and steel structure models, correspondingly obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of each component, and correspondingly generating functional areas of each room.
As a first embodiment of the present invention, an electrical system is taken as an example: the step S500 specifically includes:
s511, calling an automatic generation module of the power distribution system, generating a bridge, a distribution box, a cable and a pipe, outputting a power distribution system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device; specifically, determining load classification according to coordinate point construction types of pipelines of all the associated equipment through calculation; arranging a distribution box and a control box according to the positions of the common elevator, the common water pump and the common fan in the project, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device; determining the sizes of the cables and the pipes according to the power of the common elevator, the common water pump and the common fan in the project, and correspondingly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the starting point and the tail point of each device and the pipe cable; the distribution box and the control box which are arranged in the above are connected with a common elevator, a common water pump and a common fan by using the obtained three-dimensional coordinates of the end points of the pipeline equipment and the pipe cable; arranging a distribution box and a control box according to the positions of the project fire elevator, the fire water pump and the fire fan, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device; determining the sizes of cables and pipes according to the power of the project fire elevator, the fire water pump and the fire fan, and correspondingly generating three-dimensional coordinates of starting and ending points of the cables of the equipment and the pipes; connecting the distribution box and the control box which are arranged with a fire-fighting elevator, a fire-fighting water pump and a fire-fighting fan by using the generated three-dimensional coordinates of the endpoints of equipment and pipe cables; determining coordinate points to place distribution boxes according to the building types at the entrance positions of all rooms and correspondingly obtaining three-dimensional coordinates; and arranging a distribution box according to the position of the electric well, and connecting the distribution box in the room with the distribution box in the electric well through a pipeline by a three-dimensional coordinate point.
The traditional building electrical system design needs to do complicated calculation manually, such as short-circuit current calculation, voltage loss calculation, calculation current calculation, illumination calculation and the like, and is easy to make mistakes in the calculation process due to the tension of drawing time. The software can replace the manual calculation flow, so that the accuracy of the calculation result is greatly improved and the calculation time is shortened.
S512, calling an automatic lighting system generating module, generating a distribution box and a bridge, reading the sizes of functional rooms in the building BIM model, generating lamps, cables and pipes, outputting a lighting system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device; the method specifically comprises the following steps: selecting a default lamp type corresponding to the room function according to the room function; calculating the ceiling reflectance, the ground reflectance and the wall reflectance according to the room function illuminance standard value, the power density limit value, the maintenance coefficient, the explosion-proof and moisture-proof property and the color temperature property of the lamp; calculating a room shape index and a lamp utilization coefficient according to the room size, the height and the selected lamp information; according to the calculation results of the selected room shape index, the lamp utilization coefficient and the room maintenance coefficient, the lamp types are combined, and the number of the lamps is calculated and obtained, and whether the load power density reaches the standard or not; determining coordinate points at the entrance of each functional room to set a lamp switch and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates; the lamps and the switches of each functional room are connected through three-dimensional coordinate points and are connected to the distribution boxes of each functional room in a summarizing way. Determining coordinate points according to the door positions of the evacuation channels to arrange exit marker lamps and correspondingly obtaining three-dimensional coordinates; determining coordinate points according to the evacuation path to arrange direction indicators and correspondingly obtaining three-dimensional coordinates; the public area lamps are connected and summarized to the corresponding emergency lighting distribution boxes through three-dimensional coordinate points; the public area comprises public walkways, elevator halls, front rooms and stairwells.
In the design process of the traditional building electrical lighting system, the lamps are required to be correspondingly arranged according to the shape and the size of each functional room and the number of the lamps obtained by calculation results when the lamps are arranged, and when the building layout is adjusted, the lighting system is required to manually recheck and rearrange the lamps according to the adjusted room shape, so that the process is very complicated. The software can determine the shape and the size of the room according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each functional room, and synchronously adjust and draw the construction drawing of the lighting system and the BIM model of the lighting system after adjusting the calculation result.
S513, calling an automatic fire-fighting electrical system generating module, analyzing equipment which needs to be linked with a fire-fighting electrical system in a power distribution system model and a lighting system model, outputting the fire-fighting electrical system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each equipment; the method specifically comprises the following steps: determining and setting a fire-fighting wiring terminal box according to three-dimensional coordinate points of the positions of the electric wells of each layer, and correspondingly obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of each device; arranging fire detectors according to whether a building room is a closed space, the room size, the floor thickness and the beam height, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device; the public area determines three-dimensional coordinate points to arrange an audible and visual alarm according to the position of the evacuation port of the stair, the shared front room and the corner of the pavement, and correspondingly acquires the three-dimensional coordinates of each device; a manual alarm button is arranged at a three-dimensional coordinate point according to the position of an audible and visual alarm at a stair dispersion opening in a public area, and the manual alarm button is arranged on an evacuation path to correspondingly acquire the three-dimensional coordinates of each device, if the distance between every two three-dimensional coordinates of each device is greater than 30 meters, the manual alarm button is additionally arranged to correspondingly acquire the three-dimensional coordinates of each device; determining three-dimensional coordinate points at a public area to set fire emergency broadcasting, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device; according to the position of the project fire hydrant, determining a three-dimensional coordinate point to arrange the fire hydrant and a button fire phone, and correspondingly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of each device; a machine room which is related to fire-fighting coordinated control and is frequently on duty determines a three-dimensional coordinate point to set a fire-fighting special telephone extension, and correspondingly obtains the three-dimensional coordinate of each device; according to the setting conditions of an elevator, an automatic sprinkler, a fire hydrant, a smoke exhaust fan, a wind supplementing fan and a pressurized air supply fan, a linkage module is arranged on each execution component to determine a three-dimensional coordinate point, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the linkage module are correspondingly obtained. The machine room comprises a fire pump room, a generator room, a distribution transformer room, a computer network machine room, a main ventilation and air conditioning machine room, a smoke prevention and exhaust machine room, a fire extinguishing control system operating device or control room, an enterprise fire station, a fire control duty room, a general dispatching room and a fire elevator machine room.
In the design process of the traditional building electric fire automatic alarm system, when terminal equipment is arranged, the equipment quantity obtained by the calculation result of the fire automatic alarm system and the investment of the heating, ventilation, water supply and drainage systems is correspondingly arranged according to the shape and the size of each functional room and the beam plate column size of the structure specialty. When other professions have local and even major adjustment, the fire automatic alarm system needs to be checked one by one manually and redesigned according to the investment after the adjustment of other professions, the process is very tedious, and the fire safety problem is involved. The software can rely on a model three-dimensional coordinate system according to the initially set conditions, and automatically recheck according to the adjustment results of each specialty, and then synchronously adjust and draw the construction drawing of the automatic fire alarm system and the BIM model of the automatic fire alarm system through the three-dimensional coordinates.
S514, calling an automatic weak current system generation module, identifying three-dimensional coordinates of an electric well in the BIM model, judging positions of the electric well and each functional room, calculating minimum paths and sizes by calculating coordinate points of pipelines of each associated device, generating devices and main pipelines of the weak current system, outputting the weak current system model, and correspondingly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of each device; specific: determining three-dimensional coordinate points at the house entrance of each functional room to set weak current distribution boxes, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device; determining three-dimensional coordinate points according to the purposes of each functional room, respectively arranging optical fiber, telephone and cable television interfaces, and correspondingly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of each device; the three-dimensional coordinate points determined by the weak current interfaces arranged in the step S442 in a single functional room are connected to a weak current distribution box of the functional room in a summarizing way, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the equipment are correspondingly obtained; and identifying three-dimensional coordinates of the electric well in the BIM model of the structure, judging the positions of the electric well and each functional room, calculating the minimum path and the minimum size, generating equipment and a main pipeline of a weak current system, and connecting with the weak current distribution box.
S515, calling an automatic generation module of the lightning grounding system, identifying the geographic position and the building height of the project, outputting a lightning grounding system model, and correspondingly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of each device. Specifically, calculating the annual average density of lightning strike earth according to the project geographic position; determining the lightning protection level of the building according to the calculation result of the lightning strike annual average density; determining a three-dimensional coordinate point to arrange a lightning receiving rod, a lightning receiving belt and a lightning down-lead according to the lightning protection level of the building, and correspondingly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of each device; judging the height of a floor, determining three-dimensional coordinate points according to the outline of the building model on the floor above 45 m and connecting the next floor with a grading ring; arranging an equipotential connection box according to a functional room, determining a three-dimensional coordinate point on the first layer of a building, arranging a lightning protection test point and the equipotential connection box, and correspondingly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of each device; and determining a three-dimensional coordinate point according to the building foundation, and arranging a foundation grounding grid at the three-dimensional coordinate point of the lightning protection downlead position.
In the design process of the traditional building electrical lightning protection grounding system, a lightning receiving belt and a lightning receiving device are required to be arranged according to the outline of a building roof, lightning protection downlead wires, basic grounding grids and the like are required to be made according to the positions of wall column plates of a structure and by utilizing reinforcing steel bars of the wall column plates, when design adjustment and change are required to be made for building and structure professions, whether the content of the adjustment and change of the building and structure professions has great influence on the original lightning protection grounding design or not is required to be checked by manual drawing, software can synchronously transmit three-dimensional coordinate coefficient data to the automatic design of the electrical system according to the adjustment content of the building and structure, and a construction drawing and a BIM model of the lightning protection grounding design are correspondingly adjusted according to the three-dimensional coordinate adjustment of the building and structure content.
As a second embodiment of the present invention, a water supply and drainage system is taken as an example: the step S500 specifically includes:
s521, calling an automatic water supply system generating module to generate a water supply pipeline, a valve and a water meter, outputting a water supply system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each device and each pipe starting and ending point; the method specifically comprises the following steps: selecting a water supply mode adopted by the project according to the project property, setting water supply partitions, selecting pipes and the like; identifying the number of houses and the specific positions thereof according to the room functions, and simultaneously identifying the position and the category of each indoor sanitary appliance; the sanitary appliances in each individual household are connected and summarized through water supply pipes, and the water supply pipes summarized by each household are respectively connected to the corresponding water meter group in the water well; according to the pipeline of each household, water supply calculation is carried out, and the pipe diameter of each section of water supply pipe is calculated; the water meter group in the water well is connected to the water supply pressurizing equipment in the living pump room through the water supply vertical pipe; according to the water consumption and the height of the project, calculating the quantity of water supply pressurizing equipment and corresponding parameters; and (5) carrying out automatic equipment arrangement according to the positions of the living pump rooms and the number of the water supply pressurizing equipment.
The automatic water supply system generating module can identify sanitary ware to automatically generate water supply pipelines, water supply accessories, water supply equipment and optimal paths of the pipelines according to building and structure BIM models; the automatic sewage and wastewater system generating module is used for identifying the optimal path of the automatic water draining pipeline, the water draining accessory and the pipeline generated by the sanitary ware; the automatic generation module of the hot water system determines the hot water circulation type according to the selected hot water mode, and identifies the optimal paths of a hot water pipeline, a hot water accessory, hot water equipment and the pipeline which are automatically generated by a sanitary appliance needing hot water; the automatic generation module of the air conditioner condensate water drainage system identifies the position of an air conditioner and automatically generates an optimal path of an air conditioner condensate water drainage pipeline, an air conditioner condensate water accessory and a pipeline; the automatic generation module of the rainwater system is used for identifying the size and gradient of a roof and automatically generating an optimal path of a rainwater drainage pipeline, a rainwater accessory and a pipeline; the automatic generation modules of the systems form a water supply and drainage system module, so that a water supply and drainage construction drawing is automatically generated.
S522, calling an automatic hot water system generating module, generating a hot water pipeline and a valve, outputting a hot water system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe; the hot water system comprises central heating and distributed heating:
and (3) disperse heat supply: identifying the number of houses and the specific positions thereof according to the room functions, and simultaneously identifying the positions and the categories of the sanitary appliances needing hot water supply in each house; each sanitary appliance needing hot water supply in each independent household is connected and summarized through a hot water pipe, and the summarized hot water pipes of each household are respectively connected to the water heater (including but not limited to the following water heater, gas water heater and electric water heater) of each household; according to the pipeline of each household, water supply calculation is carried out, and the pipe diameter of each section of water supply pipe is calculated; the water meter group in the water well is connected to the water supply pressurizing equipment in the living pump room through the water supply vertical pipe; the water meter group in the water well is connected to the water supply pressurizing equipment in the living pump room through the water supply vertical pipe; according to the water consumption and the height of the project, calculating the quantity of water supply pressurizing equipment and corresponding parameters; according to the position of the living pump room and the number of the water supply pressurizing devices, automatic device arrangement is carried out;
central heating: different from the decentralized heat supply, according to different building properties, suitable hot water systems are selected, including but not limited to the following boiler hot water supply systems, solar hot water supply systems and air source heat pump hot water supply systems; according to the requirements of users on hot water, proper hot water circulation modes are selected, including but not limited to branch pipe circulation, dry pipe circulation and vertical pipe circulation in the following modes; identifying the number of houses and the specific positions thereof according to the room functions, and simultaneously identifying the positions and the categories of the sanitary appliances needing hot water supply in each house; each sanitary appliance which needs hot water supply in the independent households is connected through a hot water pipe and gathers the hot water pipes (branch pipes, dry pipes and vertical pipes) of the corresponding hot water modes; according to the pipeline of each household, hot water calculation is carried out, and the pipe diameter of each section of hot water pipe is calculated; the hot water vertical pipes are connected to hot water heating equipment in the hot water pump room in a summarizing way.
S523, calling an automatic sewage system generating module to generate a sewage pipeline and a valve, outputting a sewage system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and the starting and ending points of the pipe; specific: selecting a drainage mode (sewage and waste converging and sewage and waste diverging) adopted by the project according to the project property, and selecting a pipe; identifying the number of houses and the specific positions thereof according to the room functions, and simultaneously identifying the position and the category of each indoor sanitary appliance; according to the recognized position of the sanitary ware, recognizing a room functional area where the sanitary ware is positioned, and properly arranging a drainage vertical pipe; the sanitary ware of each room functional area is connected with a drainage branch pipe and is connected to a corresponding drainage vertical pipe in a summarizing way; the drainage risers of each layer are connected and gathered to one layer to be discharged to an outdoor drainage inspection well; and (5) carrying out drainage calculation according to the pipelines of the drainage branch pipe and the vertical pipe, and calculating the pipe diameter of each section of drainage pipe.
S524, calling an automatic wastewater system generation module, generating a wastewater pipeline and a valve, outputting a wastewater system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe; the specific steps of the system design of the wastewater and the sewage are the same, and are not repeated.
In the design of a water supply system and a drainage system, the traditional designer cannot achieve the accuracy of percentage for understanding and examining the drawing, and by adopting the automatic design of building water supply and drainage, all sanitary appliances needing to be configured with water supply and drainage points on the drawing can be automatically identified, the design omission of the water supply and drainage points of the sanitary appliances does not exist, and the quality of the design drawing and the drawing efficiency are greatly improved.
S525, calling a rainwater system automatic generation module, generating a rainwater pipeline and a valve, outputting a rainwater system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each device and each pipe starting and ending point; specifically, selecting a corresponding rain bucket type according to the roof type; recognizing the area of the roof, and calculating the rain water amount through calculation; according to the calculated rainwater quantity, calculating the quantity of the required rainwater hoppers; identifying the slope finding direction of the roof, and reasonably arranging the position of the rainwater hopper; according to the position of the rainwater hopper, arranging a rainwater vertical pipe shaft with the corresponding pipe diameter to be connected with the rainwater vertical pipe shaft; the rainwater riser is connected to the first floor buried installation and connected to the outdoor rainwater inspection shaft.
S526, calling an automatic generation module of the air-conditioning condensate water drainage system, generating an air-conditioning condensate water drainage pipeline and a valve, outputting an air-conditioning condensate water drainage system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of starting and ending points of each device and the pipe; specifically, the positions and types of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit of the air conditioner are identified according to the room functions; calculating the pipe diameter of a corresponding condensate drain pipe according to the identified air conditioner type; according to the position of the air conditioner, identifying the area where the air conditioner is positioned, and arranging an air conditioner condensate water drainage branch pipe and a vertical pipe; the air conditioner condensate water drainage vertical pipe is connected to the first layer buried and installed to an outdoor rain water inlet or a rainwater inspection well.
In the building water supply and drainage design, a large number of calculation formulas are provided, each calculation formula has complex mathematical symbols, at present, the understanding of traditional designers to formulas and the process of calculating formulas all have various problems of understanding deviation, difficult value taking and calculation errors, the building water supply and drainage automatic design covers all formulas of the building water supply and drainage design, and the calculation module is used for rapidly calculating required data to rapidly obtain accurate data. Not only improves the accuracy of calculation, but also reduces the complicated calculation process, releases the designer, and improves the drawing efficiency.
S527, calling an automatic generation module of the indoor fire hydrant system, generating an indoor fire hydrant pipeline, a valve and a fire hydrant, outputting an indoor fire hydrant system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe; specifically, according to the nature of the building, judging whether an indoor fire hydrant system is required to be arranged, if so, designing a fire hydrant system corresponding to a fire water source, wherein the fire hydrant system comprises a water pump, a water tank, a fire hydrant pipeline, a water source and the like; identifying a public area (including but not limited to stairwells, walkways, antechambers, fire antechambers), and arranging fire hydrants and fire hydrant risers according to the priority of the public area; according to the arranged fire hydrant positions, whether the distance and the protection requirements are met or not is calculated, and whether the fire hydrant and the fire hydrant vertical pipe are added or not is judged according to the calculation conditions; the fire hydrant stand pipes are subjected to loop assembly and connected to an indoor fire hydrant water pump in a fire pump room and a high-level fire hydrant water tank; according to the water consumption of the fire hydrant and the building height of the project, calculating the number of indoor fire hydrant water pumps and corresponding parameters; and (5) carrying out automatic equipment arrangement according to the positions of the fire pump rooms and the number of the indoor hydrant water pumps.
The automatic generating module of the indoor fire hydrant system can identify functional areas of rooms according to building and structure BIM models, judge arrangement positions of fire hydrants, and automatically generate the number and positions of the optimal fire hydrants meeting standard requirements through calculation and distance requirements; the automatic generation module of the automatic water spraying fire extinguishing system identifies the functional areas of rooms and the positions of the beam grids, and automatically generates the number and the positions of the spray heads and the corresponding optimal pipelines meeting the standard requirements through calculation and the distance requirements;
s528, calling an automatic generation module of the fire extinguisher system, and combining the three-dimensional coordinate position of the fire hydrant in the step S570 to generate the fire extinguisher. Specifically, judging whether a fire extinguisher system is needed according to the project property; calculating the number and the grade of fire extinguishers according to the project property; according to the position of the fire hydrant, automatically arranging the fire extinguisher; according to the protection distance of the fire extinguishers, checking whether the number of the fire extinguishers meets the distance and protection requirements or not, and automatically judging the additionally arranged fire extinguishers according to the priority of the public area by the system.
The fire extinguisher system automatic generation module is used for identifying the functional partitions of the room, and automatically generating the optimal quantity and positions of fire extinguishers meeting the standard requirements through calculation and distance requirements; the automatic generation modules of the systems form a fire-fighting system module, so that a fire hydrant and fire extinguisher construction diagram and an automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing construction diagram are automatically generated.
As a third embodiment of the present invention, a heating ventilation air conditioning system is taken as an example: the step S500 specifically includes:
s531, calling an automatic generation module of the air conditioning system to generate air pipe, air port, pipe well and machine room models of the air conditioning system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe; specifically, the scheme of the air conditioning system is determined according to the early-stage requirements, the software automatically counts and calculates the cold load and the heat load of each functional area respectively, synchronously calculates the fresh air quantity of each functional room, automatically divides reasonable partitions according to each functional area and room of the building specialty according to the calculation result, and correspondingly divides the system. And automatically judging the installation height of the air pipes according to the building clear height and the structural floor slab beam height, and determining the size of each air pipe according to the calculation result of the last step. After the air pipes are generated, the software calculates the wind speed of each air return opening and each air supply opening according to the room layout, and the positions of the air outlets are reasonably arranged. When the vertical air pipe exists, software automatically considers that the air shaft is linked with the building specialty, and an air-conditioning water well is correspondingly generated. Finally, the machine room of the air conditioning system is correspondingly arranged at the position with proper project and most economical, and the equipment in the machine room is reasonably arranged.
S532, calling an automatic generation module of the ventilation system to generate models of an air pipe, an air port, a pipe well and a machine room of the ventilation system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of starting and ending points of each device and the pipe; specifically, the scheme of the ventilation system is determined according to the earlier-stage requirements, the software automatically counts and calculates the ventilation quantity of each functional area respectively, synchronously calculates the ventilation quantity of each functional room, automatically judges the installation height of the air pipes according to the building clear height of each functional area and room and the structural floor slab beam height according to the calculation result, and determines the size of each air pipe according to the calculation result of the previous step. After the wind pipes are generated, the software calculates the wind speed of each wind gap according to the room layout, and the positions of the wind gaps are reasonably arranged. When the vertical air pipe exists, software automatically considers that the air shaft is linked with the building specialty, and an air-conditioning water well is correspondingly generated. Finally, the machine room of the air conditioning system is correspondingly arranged at the position with proper project and most economical, and the equipment in the machine room is reasonably arranged.
S533, calling an automatic heating system generating module to generate a heating system pipeline, heating equipment, equipment accessories and a machine room model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe; specifically, the heat source type is determined according to the scheme of the heating system determined according to the early-stage requirement, the software automatically counts and calculates the related parameters of the heating medium of each functional area and determines the heating mode respectively, the load quantity is synchronously calculated, and according to the calculation result, the software determines the size of each pipeline according to the use requirement of each functional area and room of the building specialty and according to the calculation result of the last step. After generating the pipeline, the software finally sets the machine room of the heating system correspondingly at the position with proper project and most economical according to the layout of the room, and reasonably arranges the equipment in the machine room.
S534, calling an automatic generation module of the smoke prevention system to generate a model of an air pipe, an air port, a pipe well and a machine room of the smoke prevention system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe; s550, calling an automatic generation module of the smoke exhaust system to generate models of an air pipe, an air port, a pipe well and a machine room of the smoke exhaust system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of starting and ending points of each device and the pipe. According to the scheme of the smoke prevention system determined by the early-stage requirement, software automatically counts and calculates relevant results of main public functional areas, building qualitative and the like, synchronously divides the smoke prevention system according to the building height, simultaneously calculates smoke prevention air quantity of each area and each room, automatically judges the installation height of the air pipe according to the building clear height of each functional area and each room and the structural floor beam height according to the calculation result, and determines the size and the three-dimensional coordinate of each air pipe according to the calculation result of the previous step. After the wind pipes are generated, the software calculates the wind speed of each wind gap according to the room layout, and the positions of the wind gaps are reasonably arranged. When a vertical air pipe exists, software automatically considers that an air shaft is arranged in linkage with the building profession. Finally, the machine room of the air conditioning system is correspondingly arranged at the position with proper project and most economical, and the equipment in the machine room is reasonably arranged.
In the traditional construction diagram design, the design of the heating ventilation air conditioning system mainly adopts a CAD drawing two-dimensional plane, and when other professions such as buildings, structures and the like are adjusted, the data parameters related to the heating ventilation air conditioning design need to be repeatedly checked and calculated according to the adjusted drawing, and the adjustment is not needed to be carried out according to the calculation result. Design errors are easier to occur in manual design, and accuracy of data is difficult to guarantee. The design graph presented by the drawing is a two-dimensional plane which is not as accurate and visual as a BIM model designed automatically by a computer.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent changes and variations in the above-mentioned embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A building automatic design method based on BIM technology is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s100, importing a building scheme diagram and early building conditions;
s200, initializing prepositive parameters, generating and storing a three-dimensional coordinate system of the project model, and filling in the prepositive parameters and the civil engineering professional design requirements;
s300, generating a civil engineering professional BIM model;
s400, inputting the design requirement of an electromechanical system;
s500, the cloud call the prepositive parameters, the design requirements and the generated civil engineering professional BIM model in the steps S200, S300 and S400 to carry out electromechanical system modeling;
s600, outputting a BIM model of the electromechanical system;
the pre-parameters include project location, project property, load level.
2. The automatic construction design method according to claim 1, wherein: the step S500 specifically includes:
s511, calling an automatic generation module of the power distribution system, generating a bridge, a distribution box, a cable and a pipe, outputting a power distribution system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device;
s512, calling an automatic lighting system generating module, generating a distribution box and a bridge, reading the sizes of functional rooms in the building BIM model, generating lamps, cables and pipes, outputting a lighting system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each device;
s513, calling an automatic fire-fighting electrical system generating module, analyzing equipment which needs to be linked with a fire-fighting electrical system in a power distribution system model and a lighting system model, outputting the fire-fighting electrical system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each equipment;
s514, calling an automatic weak current system generating module, identifying three-dimensional coordinates of an electric well in the BIM model of the structure, judging positions of the electric well and each functional room, calculating the minimum path and the minimum size, generating equipment and a main pipeline of the weak current system, outputting the weak current system model, and correspondingly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of each equipment;
s515, calling an automatic generation module of the lightning grounding system, identifying the geographic position and the building height of the project, outputting a lightning grounding system model, and correspondingly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of each device.
3. The automatic construction design method according to claim 1, wherein: the step S600 further includes the steps of:
s700, auditing and modifying the civil engineering and electromechanical BIM model, and outputting a CAD drawing through a project three-dimensional coordinate system;
s800, according to the civil engineering and electromechanical BIM model and the CAD drawing, a project bill of materials is derived.
4. The automatic construction design method according to claim 1, wherein: the step S500 specifically includes:
s521, calling an automatic water supply system generating module to generate a water supply pipeline, a valve and a water meter, outputting a water supply system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each device and each pipe starting and ending point;
s522, calling an automatic hot water system generating module, generating a hot water pipeline and a valve, outputting a hot water system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s523, calling an automatic sewage system generating module to generate a sewage pipeline and a valve, outputting a sewage system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and the starting and ending points of the pipe;
s524, calling an automatic wastewater system generation module, generating a wastewater pipeline and a valve, outputting a wastewater system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s525, calling a rainwater system automatic generation module, generating a rainwater pipeline and a valve, outputting a rainwater system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each device and each pipe starting and ending point;
s526, calling an automatic generation module of the air-conditioning condensate water drainage system, generating an air-conditioning condensate water drainage pipeline and a valve, outputting an air-conditioning condensate water drainage system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of starting and ending points of each device and the pipe;
s527, calling an automatic generation module of the indoor fire hydrant system, generating an indoor fire hydrant pipeline, a valve and a fire hydrant, outputting an indoor fire hydrant system model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s528, calling an automatic generation module of the fire extinguisher system, and combining the three-dimensional coordinate position of the fire hydrant in the step S570 to generate the fire extinguisher.
5. The automatic construction design method according to claim 1, wherein: the step S500 specifically includes:
s531, calling an automatic generation module of the air conditioning system to generate air pipe, air port, pipe well and machine room models of the air conditioning system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s532, calling an automatic generation module of the ventilation system to generate models of an air pipe, an air port, a pipe well and a machine room of the ventilation system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of starting and ending points of each device and the pipe;
s533, calling an automatic heating system generating module to generate a heating system pipeline, heating equipment, equipment accessories and a machine room model, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe;
s534, calling an automatic generation module of the smoke prevention system to generate a model of an air pipe, an air port, a pipe well and a machine room of the smoke prevention system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of each equipment and starting and ending points of the pipe; s550, calling an automatic generation module of the smoke exhaust system to generate models of an air pipe, an air port, a pipe well and a machine room of the smoke exhaust system, and correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinate connection of starting and ending points of each device and the pipe.
6. The automatic construction design method according to claim 1, wherein: the step S300 specifically includes:
s310, calling a building professional automatic generation module to generate wall, door, window, column, roof, ceiling, curtain wall, railing, stair and ramp models, correspondingly acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of each component, and correspondingly generating functional areas of each room;
s320, calling a structure professional automatic generation module to generate wall, beam, floor slab, column, truss, steel bar, stair and steel structure models, correspondingly obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of each component, and correspondingly generating functional areas of each room.
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