CN116880539A - Unmanned aerial vehicle-based farmland crop growth monitoring method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a farmland crop growth monitoring method and system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which utilize the unmanned aerial vehicle to shoot the farmland at high altitude, comprehensively and accurately monitor vision of different areas of the farmland, analyze the two aspects of crop growth state and soil state, determine the association between the crop growth state and the soil state, and conveniently and accurately control the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment of the different areas of the farmland, so that the actual growth state of the farmland crops and the farmland soil state can be comprehensively reflected in real time, and the reliability and the accuracy of the farmland crop growth monitoring are improved.

Description

Unmanned aerial vehicle-based farmland crop growth monitoring method and system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting management, in particular to a farmland crop growth monitoring method and system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background

The farmland planting area of cash crops is wide, and the distribution position is extensive, can arrange personnel to carry out the investigation on the spot to farmland crop planting in-process, monitors the crop growth condition in different regions in farmland, and this kind of mode is not only surveyed consuming time, can't refine the monitoring to the crop on the farmland. In addition, the mode of manual monitoring has hysteresis, the actual growth state and farmland soil state of farmland crops cannot be reflected in real time, the reliability and accuracy of farmland crop growth monitoring are reduced, and the cultivation mode of crops cannot be adjusted in time and adaptively, so that the normal growth of crops is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a farmland crop growth monitoring method and system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which indicate the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly above a farmland along corresponding flight paths according to geographical feature information of the farmland, and simultaneously acquire and analyze farmland images to obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information, so as to perform crop growth state distribution and soil state distribution identification processing on the farmland to obtain association information between the crop growth state and the soil state, thereby adjusting the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland.

The invention provides a farmland crop growth monitoring method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises the following steps:

step S1, determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above a farmland according to geographical feature information of the farmland; the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to fly along the flying path, meanwhile, the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to collect farmland images, and analysis processing is carried out on the farmland images to obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information;

s2, carrying out crop growth state distribution identification treatment on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification processing on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification processing and the soil state distribution identification processing;

and step S3, adjusting the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland according to the associated information.

Further, in the step S1, a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland is determined according to the geographical feature information of the farmland; instruct unmanned aerial vehicle is followed flight path flies, instructs simultaneously unmanned aerial vehicle gathers farmland image, right the farmland image carries out analysis and processing, obtains farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information, includes:

determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to the distribution range information of the farmland area and the area boundary position information; according to contour line distribution information of the farmland area, determining the corresponding flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies along the flight path;

in the flying process of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the flying path and the flying height, the built-in camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to carry out multispectral shooting on farmlands, and multispectral farmland images are obtained;

analyzing and processing the reflection spectrum image contained in the multispectral farmland image to obtain leaf growth coverage information of crops on a farmland, and taking the leaf growth coverage information as the farmland crop growth information;

and analyzing and processing the visible light wave band image contained in the multispectral image to obtain soil particle size distribution information and soil color distribution information of the farmland, and taking the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information as the geological information of the farmland.

Further, in the step S2, crop growth state distribution identification processing is performed on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification processing on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification process and the soil state distribution identification process, including:

according to the leaf growth coverage information, determining leaf growth density distribution information of crops on a farmland; if the leaf growth density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth dominant subregion; if the average density value of leaf growth of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth disadvantage subregion;

estimating the soil sandy distribution density value of the farmland according to the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too high soil sand content; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too low soil sand content;

and comparing distribution positions of all the crop growth dominance subregions, all the crop growth disadvantaged subregions, all the soil sand content excessively high subregions and all the soil sand content excessively low subregions, and determining an overlapping region between the crop growth dominance subregions and the soil sand content excessively low subregions and an overlapping region between the crop growth disadvantaged subregions and the soil sand content excessively high subregions in the whole farmland region to serve as correlation information between the crop growth state and the soil state.

Further, in the step S3, adjusting the working states of the irrigation equipment and the fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland according to the association information, including:

indicating that the irrigation equipment positioned in the overlapped area between the crop growth dominant subarea and the subarea with excessively low soil sand content increases the irrigation amount or the fertilizer equipment increases the fertilizer nutrient solution conveying amount;

irrigation equipment indicating an overlap region between a crop growth disadvantage sub-region and a soil sandiness excessive sub-region reduces irrigation or fertilizer equipment reduces fertilizer nutrient delivery.

The invention also provides a farmland crop growth monitoring system based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises:

the unmanned aerial vehicle flight control module is used for determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to geographic characteristic information of the farmland and indicating the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly along the flight path;

the shooting control and analysis module is used for indicating the unmanned aerial vehicle to collect farmland images, and analyzing and processing the farmland images to obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information;

the farmland state information analysis module is used for carrying out crop growth state distribution identification treatment on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification processing on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification processing and the soil state distribution identification processing;

and the irrigation and fertilization control module is used for adjusting the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland according to the associated information.

Further, unmanned aerial vehicle flight control module is according to the geographical feature information in farmland, confirms unmanned aerial vehicle's flight route in farmland top to instruct unmanned aerial vehicle is along the flight route flies, includes:

determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to the distribution range information of the farmland area and the area boundary position information; according to contour line distribution information of the farmland area, determining the corresponding flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies along the flight path; and instruct the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly according to the flight path and the flight altitude;

the shooting control and analysis module instructs unmanned aerial vehicle gathers farmland image, right the farmland image carries out analysis processing, obtains farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information, includes:

indicating a built-in camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out multispectral shooting on a farmland to obtain multispectral farmland images;

analyzing and processing the reflection spectrum image contained in the multispectral farmland image to obtain leaf growth coverage information of crops on a farmland, and taking the leaf growth coverage information as the farmland crop growth information;

and analyzing and processing the visible light wave band image contained in the multispectral image to obtain soil particle size distribution information and soil color distribution information of the farmland, and taking the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information as the geological information of the farmland.

Further, the farmland state information analysis module performs crop growth state distribution identification processing on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification processing on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification process and the soil state distribution identification process, including:

according to the leaf growth coverage information, determining leaf growth density distribution information of crops on a farmland; if the leaf growth density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth dominant subregion; if the average density value of leaf growth of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth disadvantage subregion;

estimating the soil sandy distribution density value of the farmland according to the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too high soil sand content; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too low soil sand content;

and comparing distribution positions of all the crop growth dominance subregions, all the crop growth disadvantaged subregions, all the soil sand content excessively high subregions and all the soil sand content excessively low subregions, and determining an overlapping region between the crop growth dominance subregions and the soil sand content excessively low subregions and an overlapping region between the crop growth disadvantaged subregions and the soil sand content excessively high subregions in the whole farmland region to serve as correlation information between the crop growth state and the soil state.

Further, the irrigation and fertilization control module adjusts the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of a farmland according to the association information, and the method comprises the following steps:

indicating that the irrigation equipment positioned in the overlapped area between the crop growth dominant subarea and the subarea with excessively low soil sand content increases the irrigation amount or the fertilizer equipment increases the fertilizer nutrient solution conveying amount;

irrigation equipment indicating an overlap region between a crop growth disadvantage sub-region and a soil sandiness excessive sub-region reduces irrigation or fertilizer equipment reduces fertilizer nutrient delivery.

Compared with the prior art, the unmanned aerial vehicle-based farmland crop growth monitoring method and system indicate unmanned aerial vehicle to fly above the farmland along corresponding flight paths according to geographical feature information of the farmland, meanwhile, farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information are acquired and analyzed, crop growth state distribution and soil state distribution identification processing is carried out on the farmland, and correlation information between crop growth states and soil states is obtained, so that working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland are adjusted, the unmanned aerial vehicle is utilized to shoot the farmland at high altitude, comprehensive and accurate visual monitoring is carried out on different areas of the farmland, analysis is carried out from two aspects of crop growth states and soil states, correlation between the crop growth states and the soil states is determined, the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland are conveniently and accurately controlled, actual growth states and farmland soil states of crops can be comprehensively reflected in real time, and reliability and accuracy of crop growth monitoring are improved.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.

The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a farmland crop growth monitoring method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a farmland crop growth monitoring system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for monitoring the growth of farm crops based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The farmland crop growth monitoring method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises the following steps:

step S1, determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above a farmland according to geographical feature information of the farmland; the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to fly along the flying path, meanwhile, the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to collect farmland images, and analysis processing is carried out on the farmland images to obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information;

s2, carrying out crop growth state distribution identification treatment on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification treatment on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification process and the soil state distribution identification process;

and step S3, adjusting the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland according to the associated information.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the unmanned aerial vehicle-based farmland crop growth monitoring method, according to geographical feature information of a farmland, the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to fly above the farmland along a corresponding flying path, farmland images are collected and analyzed simultaneously to obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information, crop growth state distribution and soil state distribution recognition processing is carried out on the farmland to obtain association information between crop growth states and soil states, and accordingly working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland are adjusted.

Preferably, in the step S1, a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland is determined according to the geographical feature information of the farmland; instruct this unmanned aerial vehicle to fly along this flight path, instruct this unmanned aerial vehicle to gather farmland image simultaneously, carry out analytical processing to this farmland image, obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information, include:

determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to the distribution range information of the farmland area and the area boundary position information; according to contour line distribution information of the farmland area, determining the corresponding flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies along the flight path;

in the flight process of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the flight path and the flight height, a built-in camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to carry out multispectral shooting on a farmland, so that multispectral farmland images are obtained;

analyzing and processing the reflection spectrum image contained in the multispectral farmland image to obtain leaf growth coverage information of crops on a farmland, and taking the leaf growth coverage information as the farmland crop growth information;

and analyzing and processing the visible light wave band image contained in the multispectral image to obtain soil particle size distribution information and soil color distribution information of the farmland, and taking the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information as the geological information of the farmland.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: through the mode, the flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland is determined by taking the distribution range information (such as longitude and latitude distribution range information) of the area where the farmland is located and the area boundary position information as references, namely the flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland, so that when the unmanned aerial vehicle is guaranteed to carry out roundabout flight in the farmland, the built-in camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle can carry out coverage shooting on the farmland. And the flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is determined by taking the contour line distribution information of the area where the farmland is located as a benchmark, so that the influence on the shooting quality of farmland images due to the excessively low flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be avoided. In addition, utilize unmanned aerial vehicle's built-in camera to carry out reflection spectrum and visible light wave band's shooting to the farmland to be convenient for carry out manifold analysis to the farmland.

Preferably, in the step S2, crop growth status distribution identification processing is performed on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification treatment on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth status and the soil status based on the results of the crop growth status distribution identification process and the soil status distribution identification process, comprising:

according to the leaf growth coverage information, determining leaf growth density distribution information of crops on a farmland; if the leaf growth density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth dominant subregion; if the average density value of leaf growth of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth disadvantage subregion;

estimating the soil sandy distribution density value of the farmland according to the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too high soil sand content; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too low soil sand content;

and comparing distribution positions of all the crop growth dominance subregions, all the crop growth disadvantaged subregions, all the soil sand content excessively high subregions and all the soil sand content excessively low subregions, and determining an overlapping region between the crop growth dominance subregions and the soil sand content excessively low subregions and an overlapping region between the crop growth disadvantaged subregions and the soil sand content excessively high subregions in the whole farmland region to serve as correlation information between the crop growth state and the soil state.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: by the mode, the leaf growth density of crops on the farmland is quantitatively identified, the soil particle size distribution and the soil color distribution on the farmland are quantitatively identified, the crop growth advantage subregion and the crop growth disadvantage subregion and the region with too high soil sand content and the region with too low soil sand content are conveniently distinguished in the whole farmland, the overlapping region between the crop growth advantage subregion and the region with too low soil sand content and the overlapping region between the crop growth disadvantage subregion and the region with too high soil sand content in the whole farmland are further determined, and therefore the correlation information between the crop growth state and the soil state in the farmland is constructed, and the subsequent accurate adjustment of irrigation and fertilization modes of different regions of the farmland is facilitated.

Preferably, in the step S3, adjusting the working states of the irrigation equipment and the fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland according to the association information includes:

indicating that the irrigation equipment positioned in the overlapped area between the crop growth dominant subarea and the subarea with excessively low soil sand content increases the irrigation amount or the fertilizer equipment increases the fertilizer nutrient solution conveying amount;

irrigation equipment indicating an overlap region between a crop growth disadvantage sub-region and a soil sandiness excessive sub-region reduces irrigation or fertilizer equipment reduces fertilizer nutrient delivery.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: by the mode, different modes of irrigation or fertilization modes are carried out on the overlapping area between the crop growth dominant subregion and the subregion with too low soil sand content and the overlapping area between the crop growth inferior subregion and the subregion with too high soil sand content, so that the planting and cultivating efficiency of farmland crops is improved.

Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of a farmland crop growth monitoring system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. This farmland crop growth monitored control system based on unmanned aerial vehicle includes:

the unmanned aerial vehicle flight control module is used for determining the flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to the geographic characteristic information of the farmland and indicating the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly along the flight path;

the shooting control and analysis module is used for indicating the unmanned aerial vehicle to collect farmland images, and analyzing and processing the farmland images to obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information;

the farmland state information analysis module is used for carrying out crop growth state distribution identification treatment on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification treatment on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification process and the soil state distribution identification process;

and the irrigation and fertilization control module is used for adjusting the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland according to the associated information.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: this farmland crop growth monitored control system based on unmanned aerial vehicle instructs unmanned aerial vehicle to fly above the farmland along corresponding flight path according to the geographical feature information in farmland, gather and analyze farmland image simultaneously, obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information, with this carry out crop growth state distribution and soil state distribution discernment processing to the farmland, obtain the association information between crop growth state and the soil state, thereby adjust the operational condition of irrigation equipment and the fertilization equipment in different regions of farmland, it utilizes unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out high altitude shooting to the farmland, carry out comprehensive accurate visual monitoring to different regions of farmland, carry out analysis from crop growth state and soil state two aspects, confirm the association between crop growth state and the soil state, be convenient for accurately control the operational condition of irrigation equipment and the fertilization equipment in different regions of farmland, can reflect the actual growth state and the farmland soil state of farmland crop comprehensively in real time like this, thereby improve the reliability and the accuracy of farmland crop growth monitoring.

Preferably, the unmanned aerial vehicle flight control module determines a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to geographic feature information of the farmland, and instructs the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly along the flight path, and includes:

determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to the distribution range information of the farmland area and the area boundary position information; according to contour line distribution information of the farmland area, determining the corresponding flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies along the flight path; and instruct the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly according to the flight path and the flight altitude;

this shooting control and analysis module instructs this unmanned aerial vehicle to gather farmland image, carries out analytical processing to this farmland image, obtains farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information, includes:

indicating a built-in camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out multispectral shooting on a farmland to obtain multispectral farmland images;

analyzing and processing the reflection spectrum image contained in the multispectral farmland image to obtain leaf growth coverage information of crops on a farmland, and taking the leaf growth coverage information as the farmland crop growth information;

and analyzing and processing the visible light wave band image contained in the multispectral image to obtain soil particle size distribution information and soil color distribution information of the farmland, and taking the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information as the geological information of the farmland.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: through the mode, the flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland is determined by taking the distribution range information (such as longitude and latitude distribution range information) of the area where the farmland is located and the area boundary position information as references, namely the flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland, so that when the unmanned aerial vehicle is guaranteed to carry out roundabout flight in the farmland, the built-in camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle can carry out coverage shooting on the farmland. And the flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is determined by taking the contour line distribution information of the area where the farmland is located as a benchmark, so that the influence on the shooting quality of farmland images due to the excessively low flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be avoided. In addition, utilize unmanned aerial vehicle's built-in camera to carry out reflection spectrum and visible light wave band's shooting to the farmland to be convenient for carry out manifold analysis to the farmland.

Preferably, the farmland state information analysis module performs crop growth state distribution identification processing on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification treatment on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth status and the soil status based on the results of the crop growth status distribution identification process and the soil status distribution identification process, comprising:

according to the leaf growth coverage information, determining leaf growth density distribution information of crops on a farmland; if the leaf growth density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth dominant subregion; if the average density value of leaf growth of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth disadvantage subregion;

estimating the soil sandy distribution density value of the farmland according to the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too high soil sand content; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too low soil sand content;

and comparing distribution positions of all the crop growth dominance subregions, all the crop growth disadvantaged subregions, all the soil sand content excessively high subregions and all the soil sand content excessively low subregions, and determining an overlapping region between the crop growth dominance subregions and the soil sand content excessively low subregions and an overlapping region between the crop growth disadvantaged subregions and the soil sand content excessively high subregions in the whole farmland region to serve as correlation information between the crop growth state and the soil state.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: by the mode, the leaf growth density of crops on the farmland is quantitatively identified, the soil particle size distribution and the soil color distribution on the farmland are quantitatively identified, the crop growth advantage subregion and the crop growth disadvantage subregion and the region with too high soil sand content and the region with too low soil sand content are conveniently distinguished in the whole farmland, the overlapping region between the crop growth advantage subregion and the region with too low soil sand content and the overlapping region between the crop growth disadvantage subregion and the region with too high soil sand content in the whole farmland are further determined, and therefore the correlation information between the crop growth state and the soil state in the farmland is constructed, and the subsequent accurate adjustment of irrigation and fertilization modes of different regions of the farmland is facilitated.

Preferably, the irrigation and fertilization control module adjusts the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of a farmland according to the association information, and the method comprises the following steps:

indicating that the irrigation equipment positioned in the overlapped area between the crop growth dominant subarea and the subarea with excessively low soil sand content increases the irrigation amount or the fertilizer equipment increases the fertilizer nutrient solution conveying amount;

irrigation equipment indicating an overlap region between a crop growth disadvantage sub-region and a soil sandiness excessive sub-region reduces irrigation or fertilizer equipment reduces fertilizer nutrient delivery.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: by the mode, different modes of irrigation or fertilization modes are carried out on the overlapping area between the crop growth dominant subregion and the subregion with too low soil sand content and the overlapping area between the crop growth inferior subregion and the subregion with too high soil sand content, so that the planting and cultivating efficiency of farmland crops is improved.

According to the method and the system for monitoring the growth of the farmland crops based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to fly above the farmland along the corresponding flying path according to the geographical feature information of the farmland, meanwhile, farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information are acquired and analyzed, crop growth state distribution and soil state distribution identification processing is carried out on the farmland, and association information between the crop growth state and the soil state is obtained, so that the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland are adjusted, the unmanned aerial vehicle is utilized to shoot the farmland at high altitude, comprehensive and accurate visual monitoring is carried out on the different areas of the farmland, analysis is carried out from the two aspects of the crop growth state and the soil state, the association between the crop growth state and the soil state is determined, and the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland are conveniently and accurately controlled.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. The farmland crop growth monitoring method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step S1, determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above a farmland according to geographical feature information of the farmland; the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to fly along the flying path, meanwhile, the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to collect farmland images, and analysis processing is carried out on the farmland images to obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information;

s2, carrying out crop growth state distribution identification treatment on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification processing on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification processing and the soil state distribution identification processing;

and step S3, adjusting the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland according to the associated information.

2. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based farmland crop growth monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to geographical feature information of the farmland; instruct unmanned aerial vehicle is followed flight path flies, instructs simultaneously unmanned aerial vehicle gathers farmland image, right the farmland image carries out analysis and processing, obtains farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information, includes:

determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to the distribution range information of the farmland area and the area boundary position information; according to contour line distribution information of the farmland area, determining the corresponding flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies along the flight path;

in the flying process of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the flying path and the flying height, the built-in camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle is instructed to carry out multispectral shooting on farmlands, and multispectral farmland images are obtained;

analyzing and processing the reflection spectrum image contained in the multispectral farmland image to obtain leaf growth coverage information of crops on a farmland, and taking the leaf growth coverage information as the farmland crop growth information;

and analyzing and processing the visible light wave band image contained in the multispectral image to obtain soil particle size distribution information and soil color distribution information of the farmland, and taking the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information as the geological information of the farmland.

3. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based farmland crop growth monitoring method of claim 2, wherein: in the step S2, crop growth state distribution identification processing is carried out on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification processing on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification process and the soil state distribution identification process, including:

according to the leaf growth coverage information, determining leaf growth density distribution information of crops on a farmland; if the leaf growth density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth dominant subregion; if the average density value of leaf growth of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth disadvantage subregion;

estimating the soil sandy distribution density value of the farmland according to the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too high soil sand content; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too low soil sand content;

and comparing distribution positions of all the crop growth dominance subregions, all the crop growth disadvantaged subregions, all the soil sand content excessively high subregions and all the soil sand content excessively low subregions, and determining an overlapping region between the crop growth dominance subregions and the soil sand content excessively low subregions and an overlapping region between the crop growth disadvantaged subregions and the soil sand content excessively high subregions in the whole farmland region to serve as correlation information between the crop growth state and the soil state.

4. A method for monitoring the growth of farm crops based on unmanned aerial vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step S3, according to the association information, adjusting working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland, including:

indicating that the irrigation equipment positioned in the overlapped area between the crop growth dominant subarea and the subarea with excessively low soil sand content increases the irrigation amount or the fertilizer equipment increases the fertilizer nutrient solution conveying amount;

irrigation equipment indicating an overlap region between a crop growth disadvantage sub-region and a soil sandiness excessive sub-region reduces irrigation or fertilizer equipment reduces fertilizer nutrient delivery.

5. Unmanned aerial vehicle-based farmland crop growth monitoring system, its characterized in that includes:

the unmanned aerial vehicle flight control module is used for determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to geographic characteristic information of the farmland and indicating the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly along the flight path;

the shooting control and analysis module is used for indicating the unmanned aerial vehicle to collect farmland images, and analyzing and processing the farmland images to obtain farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information;

the farmland state information analysis module is used for carrying out crop growth state distribution identification treatment on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification processing on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification processing and the soil state distribution identification processing;

and the irrigation and fertilization control module is used for adjusting the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of the farmland according to the associated information.

6. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based agricultural crop growth monitoring system of claim 5, wherein: the unmanned aerial vehicle flight control module confirms the flight route of unmanned aerial vehicle in farmland top according to the geographical feature information in farmland, and instructs unmanned aerial vehicle is followed the flight of flight route includes:

determining a flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle above the farmland according to the distribution range information of the farmland area and the area boundary position information; according to contour line distribution information of the farmland area, determining the corresponding flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies along the flight path; and instruct the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly according to the flight path and the flight altitude;

the shooting control and analysis module instructs unmanned aerial vehicle gathers farmland image, right the farmland image carries out analysis processing, obtains farmland crop growth information and farmland geological information, includes:

indicating a built-in camera of the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out multispectral shooting on a farmland to obtain multispectral farmland images;

analyzing and processing the reflection spectrum image contained in the multispectral farmland image to obtain leaf growth coverage information of crops on a farmland, and taking the leaf growth coverage information as the farmland crop growth information;

and analyzing and processing the visible light wave band image contained in the multispectral image to obtain soil particle size distribution information and soil color distribution information of the farmland, and taking the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information as the geological information of the farmland.

7. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based agricultural crop growth monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: the farmland state information analysis module performs crop growth state distribution identification processing on the farmland according to the farmland crop growth information; according to the farmland geological information, carrying out soil state distribution identification processing on the farmland; determining association information between the crop growth state and the soil state according to the results of the crop growth state distribution identification process and the soil state distribution identification process, including:

according to the leaf growth coverage information, determining leaf growth density distribution information of crops on a farmland; if the leaf growth density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth dominant subregion; if the average density value of leaf growth of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a crop growth disadvantage subregion;

estimating the soil sandy distribution density value of the farmland according to the soil particle size distribution information and the soil color distribution information; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is larger than or equal to a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too high soil sand content; if the soil sand distribution density value of a certain subregion of the farmland is smaller than a preset density threshold value, determining the corresponding subregion as a subregion with too low soil sand content;

and comparing distribution positions of all the crop growth dominance subregions, all the crop growth disadvantaged subregions, all the soil sand content excessively high subregions and all the soil sand content excessively low subregions, and determining an overlapping region between the crop growth dominance subregions and the soil sand content excessively low subregions and an overlapping region between the crop growth disadvantaged subregions and the soil sand content excessively high subregions in the whole farmland region to serve as correlation information between the crop growth state and the soil state.

8. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based agricultural crop growth monitoring system of claim 7, wherein: the irrigation and fertilization control module adjusts the working states of irrigation equipment and fertilization equipment in different areas of a farmland according to the associated information, and comprises the following steps:

indicating that the irrigation equipment positioned in the overlapped area between the crop growth dominant subarea and the subarea with excessively low soil sand content increases the irrigation amount or the fertilizer equipment increases the fertilizer nutrient solution conveying amount;

irrigation equipment indicating an overlap region between a crop growth disadvantage sub-region and a soil sandiness excessive sub-region reduces irrigation or fertilizer equipment reduces fertilizer nutrient delivery.