CN116879771A - Voltage detection method and detection system - Google Patents
Voltage detection method and detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116879771A CN116879771A CN202310921254.6A CN202310921254A CN116879771A CN 116879771 A CN116879771 A CN 116879771A CN 202310921254 A CN202310921254 A CN 202310921254A CN 116879771 A CN116879771 A CN 116879771A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a voltage detection method and a voltage detection system, the voltage detection method is used for detecting the voltage on a single battery, the single battery comprises a cathode plate, an anode plate and a membrane electrode assembly arranged between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and the single battery is provided with a first gas flow passage, a second gas flow passage and a cooling water flow passage, and the voltage detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: acquiring real-time voltages at least two different positions on the same polar plate in the single battery; acquiring a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage; and obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage. The invention solves the problem that the single-point voltage acquisition method can not accurately reflect the voltage of the single battery when the gas flow rate in the single battery is low, and improves the accuracy of the voltage detection of the fuel battery.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a voltage detection method and a voltage detection system.
Background
Fuel cells are one of the new energy products with development potential, and the working principle is to generate electricity by electrochemical reaction through injection of gaseous fuel into a cell stack.
The battery stack is formed by stacking a plurality of single batteries, and the stacked single batteries are connected in series so that the single batteries form a large battery structure.
In the prior art, the voltage inspection and the voltage acquisition of the fuel cell are based on bipolar plate equipotential assumption, namely, single-point potential acquisition is carried out on one polar plate of the single battery.
However, when the gas flow of the galvanic pile is low, the voltages at all positions on the polar plates are different, so that the voltage acquired by the existing single-point potential acquisition method cannot accurately reflect the actual voltage of the single battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention mainly aims to provide a voltage detection method and a voltage detection system, and aims to solve the technical problem that a single-point potential acquisition method cannot reflect the actual voltage of a single battery when the gas flow of a battery stack is low in the prior art.
The invention provides a voltage detection method for detecting the voltage of a single battery in a fuel cell, wherein the single battery comprises a cathode plate, an anode plate and a membrane electrode assembly arranged between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and the single battery is provided with a first gas flow passage, a second gas flow passage and a cooling water flow passage, and the voltage detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring real-time voltages at least two different positions on the same polar plate of the single battery;
acquiring a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage;
and obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the obtaining, according to the real-time voltages, a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage includes:
and selecting a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage from the voltage and weight coefficient relation according to a preset voltage and weight relation.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the obtaining, according to the real-time voltages, a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage includes:
determining a voltage interval corresponding to each real-time voltage according to a plurality of preset voltage intervals;
and selecting a weight coefficient corresponding to the voltage interval from the voltage interval and weight relation according to the preset voltage interval and weight coefficient relation.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the obtaining the characterization voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficients corresponding to the real-time voltages includes:
and obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages, the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage and the number of all the real-time voltages.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the obtaining, according to the real-time voltages, a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage includes:
acquiring the current at the real-time voltage position and the total output power of the single battery;
and obtaining a weight coefficient corresponding to the real-time voltage according to the current at the real-time voltage, the total output power of the single battery, the real-time voltage and the number of the real-time voltages.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the acquiring real-time voltages at least two different positions on the same plate of the single battery includes:
at least acquiring a first real-time voltage at an air inlet of any gas flow channel on the single battery;
and at least acquiring a second real-time voltage at the gas outlet on the gas flow channel corresponding to the first real-time voltage.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the acquiring the real-time voltages at least two different positions on the same plate in the unit cell includes:
and acquiring all the real-time voltages as the real-time voltages on the cathode plate.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the voltage detection method further includes:
acquiring a first voltage difference value of any two different real-time voltages before obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery based on all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficients corresponding to the real-time voltages;
determining whether the single battery normally operates or not based on the first voltage difference value;
if the single battery is determined to be in a normal running state, obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficients corresponding to the real-time voltages;
and if the single battery is determined to be in an abnormal running state, carrying out battery abnormality alarm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the determining whether the unit cell operates normally based on the first voltage difference value includes:
comparing the first voltage difference with a preset voltage difference;
when the first voltage difference value is larger than or equal to the preset voltage difference value, determining that the single battery runs abnormally;
and when the first voltage difference value is smaller than the preset voltage difference value, determining that the single battery normally operates.
The invention also provides a voltage detection system, comprising:
a plurality of voltage sensors for acquiring real-time voltages at a plurality of locations on the unipolar plate;
the controller is connected with the voltage sensors and is used for processing the real-time voltages acquired by the voltage sensors, an execution program is stored in the controller, and when the execution program is executed, the controller processes the real-time voltages acquired by the voltage sensors according to the voltage detection method.
The embodiment of the invention provides a voltage detection method and a voltage detection system, wherein the voltage detection method is used for acquiring real-time voltages at least two positions on the same polar plate of a single battery, acquiring weight coefficients corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltages, and acquiring the representation voltage of the single battery according to all acquired real-time voltages and the corresponding weight coefficients.
In the prior art, when the gas flow rate of the galvanic pile is low, the gas flow distribution in the gas flow channel in the single battery is uneven or a large amount of liquid water exists in the position of the single battery close to the gas inlet manifold port or the gas outlet manifold port of the galvanic pile, so that the electric potentials of different parts of the single battery have obvious differences, the single battery at the moment no longer meets the equipotential assumption, and the real voltage of the single battery cannot be accurately reflected only by means of a single-point electric potential acquisition method. Therefore, the voltage detection method provided by the invention can be used for simultaneously acquiring the real-time voltages and the corresponding weight coefficients of a plurality of positions on the same polar plate of the single battery, and obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery through corresponding processing, so that the problem that the single-point voltage acquisition method cannot accurately reflect the voltage of the single battery when the gas flow rate in the single battery is low is solved, and the accuracy of the voltage detection of the fuel battery is improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a voltage detection method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of acquiring a plate current according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage detection system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "affixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "affixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" as it appears throughout includes three parallel schemes, for example "A and/or B", including the A scheme, or the B scheme, or the scheme where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage detection method for detecting a voltage on a unit cell in a fuel cell, the unit cell including a cathode plate, an anode plate, and a membrane electrode assembly disposed between the cathode plate and the anode plate, the unit cell being provided with a first gas flow channel, a second gas flow channel, and a cooling water flow channel, the voltage detection method including:
step 100, acquiring real-time voltages at least two positions on the same polar plate in a single battery;
the method comprises the steps of acquiring real-time voltages of at least two positions on the same polar plate of a single battery, and acquiring the real-time voltages of a plurality of different positions on the same polar plate mainly through a plurality of voltage sensors, so that the real-time voltages of at least two positions on a first polar plate are acquired.
Typically, one voltage sensor only acquires a real-time voltage at the voltage sensor setup location.
Step 200, obtaining a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage.
The weight coefficient can be obtained according to experimental test integration data under simulation conditions, and comprises the steps of collecting the actual voltages of the two polar plates and the voltages of the voltage collecting parts of the cathode plate and the anode plate under different flow rates, flow rates and moisture content states, and calculating the voltage relation between the actual voltages of the polar plates and the voltage collecting parts under different flow rates and moisture content conditions, namely the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage.
And 300, obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining real-time voltages at least two different positions on the same polar plate and corresponding weight coefficients according to the steps, and obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery through a preset processing calculation mode. That is, the standard voltage of the single battery is taken as the voltage of the single battery.
In the prior art, when the gas flow rate of the galvanic pile is low, the gas flow distribution in the gas flow channel in the single battery is uneven or a large amount of liquid water exists in the position of the single battery close to the gas inlet manifold port or the gas outlet manifold port of the galvanic pile, so that the electric potentials of different parts of the single battery have obvious differences, the single battery at the moment no longer meets the equipotential assumption, and the real voltage of the single battery cannot be accurately reflected only by means of a single-point electric potential acquisition method. Therefore, the voltage detection method provided by the invention can be used for simultaneously acquiring the real-time voltages and the corresponding weight coefficients of a plurality of positions on the same polar plate of the single battery, and obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery through corresponding processing, so that the problem that the single-point voltage acquisition method cannot accurately reflect the voltage of the single battery when the gas flow rate in the single battery is low is solved, and the accuracy of the voltage detection of the fuel battery is improved.
In some embodiments, step 200, obtaining a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage includes:
according to the preset relation between the voltage and the weight coefficient, selecting the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage from the relation between the voltage and the weight coefficient.
It can be understood that according to the weight coefficient obtained by integrating the data through experimental tests under the simulation condition, the voltage and weight coefficient relation table or relation diagram can be formed by each weight coefficient and the voltage of the acquisition part under the corresponding working condition, and when the real-time voltage actually acquired is obtained, the corresponding weight coefficient is selected according to the voltage and weight coefficient relation table or relation diagram.
In some embodiments, step 200, obtaining a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage includes:
and determining a voltage interval corresponding to each real-time voltage according to a plurality of preset voltage intervals.
And selecting a weight coefficient corresponding to the voltage interval from the voltage interval and the weight relation according to the preset voltage interval and weight coefficient relation.
The voltages with the similar or same weight coefficient values are formed into a voltage interval, and each voltage interval is matched with one weight coefficient, so that the situation that a plurality of real-time voltages are matched with a plurality of weight coefficients can be avoided, and the efficiency of voltage detection is improved.
In some embodiments, the weight coefficient is obtained by integrating experimental tests under the simulation condition specifically:
under the simulation condition, the working condition of the single battery is the first working condition (the gas flow rate in the gas flow channel of the single battery is A1, the gas flow rate is B1, the water content is C1 and the like), and the simulation real-time voltage U of a plurality of preset acquisition points is obtained Imitation mining And simulation characterization voltage U of single battery Imitation watch Respectively obtaining the ratio of each simulation real-time voltage to the simulation characterization voltageTaking the ratio K of the simulation real-time voltage to the simulation characterization voltage as a weight coefficient to form a simulation real-time voltage U Imitation mining And a corresponding relation table of the weight coefficient K.
That is, each of the simulated real-time voltages may correspond to a weight coefficient, or a plurality of simulated real-time voltages within the same interval may correspond to a weight coefficient.
Specifically, in the actual voltage detection process, after the real-time voltage of a certain acquisition point is obtained, the real-time voltage U can be simulated Imitation mining Finding simulation implementation voltage U with same or close real-time voltage in a corresponding relation table of weight coefficient K Imitation mining Thereby finding the corresponding weight coefficient.
Wherein, when simulating the real-time voltage U Imitation mining Correspondence with the weight coefficient KWhen the simulation real-time voltage which is the same as the real-time voltage of the acquisition point is not found in the table, the simulation implementation voltage with the real-time voltage difference value within a certain range can be found, and then the weight coefficient corresponding to the simulation implementation voltage is used as the weight coefficient of the implementation voltage.
In other embodiments, the weight coefficient obtained by integrating experimental tests of the simulation bar is specifically:
under the simulation condition, the working condition of the single battery is made to be a second working condition (the gas flow rate in the gas flow channel of the single battery is made to be A2, the gas flow rate is made to be B2, the water content is made to be C2, and the like), and the simulation real-time voltage U of a plurality of preset collection points is obtained Imitation mining And simulation characterization voltage U of single battery Imitation watch . Calculating multiple simulated real-time voltages U Imitation mining Average value of (2):where n is the number of simulated implementation voltages involved in the calculation.
Obtaining the simulated real-time voltage U Imitation mining Average value of (2)And simulate characterization voltage U Imitation watch Ratio of (3): />
Multiple simulation real-time voltages U Imitation mining Forming a plurality of simulation real-time voltage intervals L, wherein each simulation real-time voltage interval L corresponds to a simulation real-time voltage average valueMean value of each simulated real-time voltage +.>And a weight coefficient K is corresponding to each simulation real-time voltage interval L.
Namely, according to the real-time voltage of the acquisition point, a corresponding simulation real-time voltage interval is found, and then a corresponding weight coefficient K can be obtained.
It should be noted that the above voltage interval represents a voltage range.
In some embodiments, obtaining the characterization voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficients corresponding to the real-time voltages includes:
and obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages, the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage and the number of all the real-time voltages.
Specifically, the method for calculating the characterization voltage of the single battery comprises the following steps:
wherein U is the representation voltage of the single battery, and the real-time voltage is U m The weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage is K m The number of all real-time voltages is m. The number m of real-time voltages represents a number of acquisition points, i.e. how many acquired real-time voltages are.
In some embodiments, obtaining the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage includes:
acquiring current at a real-time voltage position and total output power of a single battery;
and obtaining a weight coefficient corresponding to the real-time voltage according to the current at the real-time voltage, the total output power of the single battery, the real-time voltage and the number of the real-time voltages.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the weight coefficient K of the real-time voltage m The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein I is m U is the current at the real-time voltage m For the real-time voltage, P is the output power of the unit cell.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the calculation formula of the characterization voltage of the single battery is:
wherein U is the characterization voltage, namely, a weighted average of the real-time voltages is used as the characterization voltage, and the weight of each real-time voltage, namely, the weight coefficient K, is determined by the current corresponding to the real-time voltage and the output power of the single battery m 。
In particular, how to obtain the current at the real-time voltage correspondence can be referred to the following scheme:
as shown in fig. 2, the unit cell generally includes a membrane electrode assembly and electrode plates disposed at both sides of the membrane electrode assembly. Wherein, the middle is a membrane electrode assembly, the upper side is a polar plate at the anode side of the membrane electrode, and two voltage acquisition points are arranged along the flow field direction; the lower side is a polar plate on the cathode side of the membrane electrode, and two voltage acquisition points are arranged at the positions corresponding to the polar plate on the anode side; the voltage between two voltage acquisition points of the anode side polar plate is U An The voltage between two voltage acquisition points of the cathode side polar plate is U ca The voltage between the two polar plate voltage acquisition points at one end of the flow field direction is U inlet The voltage between the two polar plate voltage acquisition points at the other end is U outlet 。
Wherein U is An And U Ca The positive and negative values of (a) represent the current I in the inner surface of the corresponding polar plate An And I Ca The ratio value R of the direction and the magnitude of (a) can be calibrated by experimental test, namely I An ＝U An R and I Ca ＝U Ca /R。
When U is An And U Ca 、I An And I Ca When the current is larger than a certain threshold, namely the current in the polar plate surface is overlarge, the current distribution is extremely uneven, namely the reaction distribution in the active area of the fuel cell unit is extremely uneven.
According to U An And U Ca 、I An And I Ca Is set to U by the size of (2) inlet And U outlet Weight K of (2) m To optimize fuel cell voltage monitoring and evaluation of operating conditions. The specific setting method of the weight can be carried out according to multiple aspects of fuel cell design, simulation analysis, control strategy optimization and the likeAnd (5) calibrating the line.
In some embodiments, the voltage detection method includes:
before the representation voltage of the single battery is obtained according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage, calculating the difference value between each real-time voltage and the standard voltage.
And marking the difference value between the real-time voltage and the standard voltage as an unqualified voltage, and marking the difference value between the real-time voltage and the standard voltage as a qualified voltage, wherein the difference value between the real-time voltage and the standard voltage is smaller than or equal to the preset voltage difference value.
And obtaining the characterization voltage of the single battery according to all the qualified voltages and the weight coefficient corresponding to each qualified voltage.
And when the difference value between the real-time voltage and the standard voltage is compared with the preset voltage difference value, absolute value processing is carried out on the difference value between the real-time voltage and the standard voltage.
It can be understood that, in the plurality of real-time voltages, when the difference between the value of a certain real-time voltage and the value of the standard voltage is too large, it is determined that the real-time voltage has a problem, and the real-time voltage is defined as unreasonable data, so that the unreasonable data is excluded, and only the real-time voltage processing with the difference between the real-time voltage and the standard voltage being smaller than or equal to the preset voltage difference is used, so that the voltage detection accuracy of the single battery is improved.
In some embodiments, step 100, obtaining real-time voltages at least two different locations on the same plate in a single cell includes:
at least acquiring a first real-time voltage at an air inlet of any gas flow channel on a single battery;
and at least acquiring a second real-time voltage at the gas outlet on the gas flow channel corresponding to the first real-time voltage.
The gas flow channel can be any gas flow channel of the single battery, but the acquired real-time voltage is all located on the same gas flow channel.
It can be understood that the air inlet and the air outlet of the air flow channel are two stable positions of the air flow in the single battery, so that the real-time voltage of the air inlet and the air outlet of the air flow channel is collected, and the voltage condition of the single battery can be more accurately reflected.
Namely, at least one voltage sensor is respectively arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet of the same air flow channel, the two voltage sensors are far apart, the mutual interference is small, and the real-time voltage on the single battery can be accurately acquired.
In some embodiments, the voltage detection method includes:
acquiring a first real-time voltage of an air inlet of any gas flow channel of the single battery, and acquiring a second real-time voltage of an air outlet end of the gas flow channel corresponding to the first real-time voltage;
the first real-time voltage and the second real-time voltage can be obtained simultaneously, or the first real-time voltage or the second real-time voltage can be obtained step by step, and then the other real-time voltage is obtained.
And obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery based on the first real-time voltage and the second real-time voltage and the weight coefficients corresponding to the first real-time voltage and the second real-time voltage.
In some embodiments, the voltage detection method includes:
acquiring a first real-time voltage at an air inlet of any gas flow channel of the single battery, acquiring a second real-time voltage at an air outlet of the gas flow channel corresponding to the first real-time voltage, and acquiring a third real-time voltage at a middle position of the gas flow channel corresponding to the first real-time voltage;
and obtaining the characterization voltage of the single battery based on the first real-time voltage, the second real-time voltage and the third real-time voltage.
It can be understood that by acquiring the real-time voltages with proper quantity on the single batteries, the influence of uneven voltage distribution on the single batteries on measurement can be eliminated, and meanwhile, the acquisition positions of each real-time voltage are spaced as much as possible, so that inaccurate acquired data caused by mutual influence among the voltage sensors is avoided.
In some embodiments, the voltage detection method includes:
acquiring a first real-time voltage at an air inlet of any gas flow channel of the single battery, acquiring a second real-time voltage at an air outlet of the gas flow channel corresponding to the first real-time voltage, and acquiring a third real-time voltage at a middle position of the gas flow channel corresponding to the first real-time voltage;
before the characterization voltage of the single battery is obtained based on the first real-time voltage, the second real-time voltage and the third real-time voltage, screening the first real-time voltage, the second real-time voltage and the third real-time voltage, discharging the real-time voltage with an excessively large difference value between one numerical value and the other two real-time voltages, and obtaining the characterization voltage of the single battery based on the remaining two real-time voltages and the corresponding weight coefficients.
It can be understood that, in the three real-time voltages, when the value difference between one real-time voltage value and the other two real-time voltages is too large, it is determined that the real-time voltage has a problem, so that the real-time voltage is defined as unreasonable data, the rest is reasonable data, and the electrode plate voltage is obtained by calculating the rest two reasonable data.
In some embodiments, acquiring real-time voltages at least two different locations on the same plate in the cell includes:
and acquiring all the real-time voltages as the real-time voltages on the cathode plate.
It will be appreciated that oxygen in the air in the gas flow channels on the cathode plate is consumed as the reaction proceeds and moisture is generated, so that uneven gas distribution of the cathode plate has a greater influence on the voltage distribution of the unit cells. Therefore, the cathode plate is subjected to voltage acquisition, and the obtained characterization voltage can be closer to the actual working voltage of the single battery.
In some embodiments, the voltage detection method further comprises:
acquiring a first voltage difference value of any two different real-time voltages before obtaining the characterization voltage of the single battery based on all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficients corresponding to the real-time voltages;
determining whether the single battery normally operates or not based on the first voltage difference value;
if the single battery is determined to be in a normal running state, obtaining the characterization voltage of the single battery based on all the obtained real-time voltages;
and if the single battery is determined to be in an abnormal operation state, carrying out battery abnormality alarm.
In some embodiments, determining whether the cell is operating properly based on the first voltage difference comprises:
comparing the first voltage difference with a preset voltage difference;
when the first voltage difference value is larger than or equal to a preset voltage difference value, determining that the single battery operates abnormally;
and when the first voltage difference value is smaller than the preset voltage difference value, determining that the single battery normally operates.
Before the first voltage difference is compared with the preset voltage difference, the absolute value of the first voltage difference is taken, namely, when the first voltage difference is compared with the preset voltage difference, the absolute value of the first voltage difference is compared with the preset voltage difference.
When the first voltage difference is greater than the preset difference, that is, the voltage distribution of the unit cell is seriously uneven, there may be an abnormal operation condition.
In some embodiments, the voltage detection method includes:
acquiring a first real-time voltage at an air inlet of any gas flow channel of the single battery, and acquiring a second real-time voltage at an air outlet of the gas flow channel corresponding to the first real-time voltage;
based on the first real-time voltage and the second real-time voltage, a first voltage difference value of the first real-time voltage and the second real-time voltage is obtained;
the first voltage difference value is a difference value between the first real-time voltage and the second real-time voltage, and can reflect the working condition of the single battery.
Determining whether the single battery normally operates or not based on the first voltage difference value;
if the single battery is determined to be in a normal running state, obtaining a representation voltage of the single battery based on the obtained first real-time voltage and the second real-time voltage;
if the single battery is determined to be in an abnormal running state, carrying out battery abnormality alarm;
comparing the first voltage difference with a preset voltage difference;
the first voltage difference values are absolute values, and the preset voltage difference value is the maximum allowable difference value between the first real-time voltage and the second real-time voltage when the single battery normally operates.
When the first voltage difference value is larger than or equal to a preset voltage difference value, determining that the single battery operates abnormally;
and when the first voltage difference value is smaller than the preset voltage difference value, determining that the single battery normally operates.
In some embodiments, based on the first voltage difference, it is determined whether the cell is operating properly:
comparing the first voltage difference with a preset voltage difference range;
the first voltage difference is a natural value, that is, may be either a positive number or a negative number, so that a plurality of first voltage differences under various conditions form a numerical range, and the preset voltage difference range represents the numerical range in which the first voltage difference should be when the single battery works normally.
If the first voltage difference value is out of the range of the preset voltage difference value, determining that the single battery operates abnormally;
and if the first voltage difference value is within the preset voltage difference value range, determining that the single battery normally operates.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a voltage detection system, including: the system comprises a controller and a plurality of voltage sensors, wherein the voltage sensors are used for collecting real-time voltages at a plurality of positions on the unipolar plate. The controller is connected with the voltage sensors and is used for processing the real-time voltages acquired by the voltage sensors, an execution program is stored in the controller, and when the execution program is executed, the controller processes the real-time voltages acquired by the voltage sensors according to the voltage detection method.
It can be appreciated that, since the voltage detection system adopts the voltage detection method in the above embodiments, the voltage detection system has at least the beneficial effects of some or all of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein.
The foregoing description is only of the optional embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all the equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A voltage detection method for detecting a voltage on a unit cell in a fuel cell, the unit cell including a cathode plate, an anode plate, and a membrane electrode assembly disposed between the cathode plate and the anode plate, the unit cell being provided with a first gas flow channel, a second gas flow channel, and a cooling water flow channel, the voltage detection method comprising:
acquiring real-time voltages at least two different positions on the same polar plate of the single battery;
acquiring a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage;
and obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage.
2. The method for detecting voltage according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage comprises:
and selecting a weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage from the voltage and weight coefficient relation according to a preset voltage and weight coefficient relation.
3. The method for detecting voltage according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage comprises:
determining a voltage interval corresponding to each real-time voltage according to a plurality of preset voltage intervals;
and selecting a weight coefficient corresponding to the voltage interval from the voltage interval and weight relation according to the preset voltage interval and weight coefficient relation.
4. A voltage detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein obtaining the characterization voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficients corresponding to the real-time voltages comprises:
and obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages, the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage and the number of all the real-time voltages.
5. The method for detecting voltage according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the weight coefficient corresponding to each real-time voltage according to the real-time voltage comprises:
acquiring the current at the real-time voltage position and the total output power of the single battery;
and obtaining a weight coefficient corresponding to the real-time voltage according to the current at the real-time voltage, the total output power of the single battery, the real-time voltage and the number of the real-time voltages.
6. The method for detecting voltage according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining real-time voltages at least two different positions on the same plate of the unit cell comprises:
at least acquiring a first real-time voltage at an air inlet of any gas flow channel on the single battery;
and at least acquiring a second real-time voltage at the gas outlet on the gas flow channel corresponding to the first real-time voltage.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring the real-time voltages at least two different positions on the same plate in the unit cell comprises:
and acquiring all the real-time voltages as the real-time voltages on the cathode plate.
8. The voltage detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage detection method further comprises:
acquiring a first voltage difference value of any two different real-time voltages before obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery based on all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficients corresponding to the real-time voltages;
determining whether the single battery normally operates or not based on the first voltage difference value;
if the single battery is determined to be in a normal running state, obtaining the representation voltage of the single battery according to all the real-time voltages and the weight coefficients corresponding to the real-time voltages;
and if the single battery is determined to be in an abnormal running state, carrying out battery abnormality alarm.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein determining whether the cell is operating properly based on the first voltage difference comprises:
comparing the first voltage difference with a preset voltage difference;
when the first voltage difference value is larger than or equal to the preset voltage difference value, determining that the single battery runs abnormally;
and when the first voltage difference value is smaller than the preset voltage difference value, determining that the single battery normally operates.
10. A voltage detection system, comprising:
a plurality of voltage sensors for acquiring real-time voltages at a plurality of locations on the unipolar plate;
the controller is connected with the voltage sensors and is used for processing the real-time voltages acquired by the voltage sensors, an execution program is stored in the controller, and when the execution program is executed, the controller processes the real-time voltages acquired by the voltage sensors according to the voltage detection method of any one of claims 1-9.
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