CN116877363A - Control method and related device of electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system - Google Patents
Control method and related device of electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
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Abstract
The application discloses a control method of an electrothermal deicing system and an air-heat deicing system, and relates to the technical field of wind power. And the influence of sensible and latent heat power, convection loss, evaporation loss, collision kinetic energy and aerodynamic kinetic energy on the deicing power of the blade is considered when calculating the deicing power. The method can rapidly and accurately calculate the power of the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system, and is beneficial to more accurately and efficiently controlling the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system. The application also discloses a control device and equipment of the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system and a computer readable storage medium, which have the technical effects.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wind power, in particular to a control method of an electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system; also relates to a control device, equipment and computer readable storage medium of the combined electric heating and gas heating deicing system.
Background
The blade icing of the wind turbine generator can change the blade wing profile and increase the weight, so that the aerodynamic performance of the blade is affected, and the actual power generation of the wind turbine generator is reduced. The deicing system of the blade mainly overcomes the internal force through the external force to enable ice to drop continuously, and the ice layer is not dissolved through heat accumulation. The air-heat deicing system is characterized in that a set of air-heat deicing device is arranged in an inner cavity of the front edge of the blade, cold air in the blade is heated and then blown out from cavities of the front edge and the front edge web of the blade through a blower, a backflow channel is formed through an isolation cavity between the front edge web of the blade and the rear edge web of the blade, the inner wall of the blade is heated by using the hot air, and the temperature of the outer wall of the blade is increased through heat conduction of the blade, so that a deicing effect is achieved. Electrothermal deicing is a technology of applying electricity to deicing by laying heating elements on the inner or outer surfaces of blades, and generally adopts an outer surface heating scheme. The electric heating system is directly laid at the front edge position of the blade in the form of a heating film.
The electrothermal and gas-heat combined deicing system is a deicing system comprising an electrothermal deicing system and a gas-heat deicing system. And controlling the electrothermal and gas-heat combined deicing system according to the running working conditions of the wind turbine generator and by combining the characteristics of the electrothermal deicing system and the gas-heat deicing system. The power of the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system is calculated rapidly and accurately, suitable deicing power is selected, the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system is controlled more accurately and efficiently, and the deicing effect of the blade is met.
Therefore, how to quickly and accurately calculate the power of the combined electric heating and gas-heat deicing system so as to select proper deicing power, and more accurately and efficiently control the combined electric heating and gas-heat deicing system has become a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a control method of an electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system, which can rapidly and accurately calculate the power of the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system and is beneficial to more accurately and efficiently controlling the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system. Another object of the present application is to provide a control device, an apparatus and a computer readable storage medium for an electrothermal and gas-thermal combined deicing system, which have the above technical effects.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a control method of an electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring blade data and environment data of a wind turbine generator;
according to the blade data and/or the environment data, respectively calculating to obtain the lost sensible heat and latent heat power, convection power and evaporation power of a single blade unit area and the obtained kinetic power and aerodynamic power of the single blade unit area;
according to the sensible heat and latent heat power, the convection power, the evaporation power, the kinetic energy power and the pneumatic power, electric heating deicing power on a unit area of a single blade is calculated;
according to the environmental data, calculating to obtain the gas-heat deicing power of a single blade in unit area;
according to electrothermal deicing power and electrothermal area of a single blade unit area, electrothermal heating power of the single blade is calculated;
calculating the gas-heat heating power of the single blade according to the gas-heat deicing power and the gas-heat heating power of the single blade in unit area;
calculating to obtain the total heating power of the single blade according to the electric heating power and the gas heating power;
and controlling the operation of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system according to the operation working conditions of the wind turbine generator, the electric heating power, the gas heating power and the total heating power.
Optionally, calculating the lost sensible heat and latent heat power per unit area of the single blade according to the blade data and/or the environment data includes:
segmenting the blades according to preset transverse expansion and preset thickness to obtain a plurality of blade segments, and calculating to obtain the linear speed of the blade segments according to the angular speed of the wind wheel and the radius of the blade segments;
according to the thickness of the blade, the wind speed and the linear speed, calculating to obtain the water capturing efficiency;
calculating to obtain the total water capturing amount when the blades rotate according to the preset transverse expansion, the preset thickness, the linear speed and the water capturing efficiency;
and calculating the sensible heat and latent heat power according to the total water capturing amount and the ambient temperature.
Optionally, calculating the lost convection power per unit area of the single blade according to the blade data and/or the environmental data includes:
calculating a difference value between the equilibrium temperature of the ice surface and the ambient temperature;
and calculating the convection power according to the difference value.
Optionally, calculating the evaporation power lost per unit area of the single blade according to the blade data and/or the environmental data includes:
and calculating according to the ambient atmospheric pressure, the ambient saturation pressure, the blade surface saturation pressure and the relative humidity to obtain the evaporation power.
Optionally, calculating the kinetic energy power obtained per unit area of the single blade according to the blade data and/or the environmental data includes:
and calculating the kinetic energy power according to the total water capturing amount, the wind speed and the sectional linear speed of the blade when the blade rotates.
Optionally, calculating the aerodynamic power obtained per unit area of the single blade according to the blade data and/or the environmental data includes:
according to the wind speed and the linear speed of the blade segment, calculating to obtain a boundary layer flow recovery factor;
and calculating the aerodynamic power according to the boundary layer flow recovery factor and the wind speed.
Optionally, controlling the operation of the electrothermal and gas-heat combined deicing system according to the operation condition of the wind turbine generator, the electrothermal heating power, the gas-heat heating power and the total heating power includes:
if the wind turbine generator runs, controlling an electric heating system in the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system to run at the full power of the electric heating power or run at the partial power of the electric heating power;
and if the wind turbine generator is stopped, controlling the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system to operate at the total heating power and the full power.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application also provides a control device of the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring blade data and environment data of the wind turbine generator;
the first calculation module is used for respectively calculating sensible heat and latent heat power lost on the unit area of the single blade, convection power, evaporation power and kinetic energy power and aerodynamic power obtained on the unit area of the single blade according to the blade data and/or the environment data;
the second calculation module is used for calculating electric heating deicing power on a unit area of a single blade according to the sensible heat and latent heat power, the convection power, the evaporation power, the kinetic energy power and the pneumatic power;
the third calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining the aero-thermal deicing power of the single blade in unit area according to the environmental data;
the fourth calculation module is used for calculating the electrothermal heating power of the single blade according to the electrothermal deicing power and the electrothermal area of the single blade in unit area;
the fifth calculation module is used for calculating the gas-heat heating power of the single blade according to the gas-heat deicing power and the gas-heat area of the single blade in unit area;
the sixth calculation module is used for calculating the total heating power of the single blade according to the electric heating power and the gas heating power;
and the control module is used for controlling the operation of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system according to the operation working condition of the wind turbine generator, the electric heating power, the gas heating power and the total heating power.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application also provides control equipment of the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system, which comprises:
a memory for storing a computer program;
and a processor for implementing the steps of the control method of the combined electrothermal and gas-thermal deicing system as described above when executing the computer program.
To solve the above technical problem, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the control method of the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system as described above.
The control method of the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system provided by the application comprises the following steps: acquiring blade data and environment data of a wind turbine generator; according to the blade data and/or the environment data, respectively calculating to obtain the lost sensible heat and latent heat power, convection power and evaporation power of a single blade unit area and the obtained kinetic power and aerodynamic power of the single blade unit area; according to the sensible heat and latent heat power, the convection power, the evaporation power, the kinetic energy power and the pneumatic power, electric heating deicing power on a unit area of a single blade is calculated; according to the environmental data, calculating to obtain the gas-heat deicing power of a single blade in unit area; according to electrothermal deicing power and electrothermal area of a single blade unit area, electrothermal heating power of the single blade is calculated; calculating the gas-heat heating power of the single blade according to the gas-heat deicing power and the gas-heat heating power of the single blade in unit area; calculating to obtain the total heating power of the single blade according to the electric heating power and the gas heating power; and controlling the operation of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system according to the operation working conditions of the wind turbine generator, the electric heating power, the gas heating power and the total heating power.
Therefore, the control method of the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system fully considers the characteristic of high blade tip linear speed under the running condition of the wind turbine, and determines the power of the large wind turbine blade electric heating and air heating combined deicing system according to the balance relation between the energy required by the deicing system and the rate of heat loss on the surface of the blade and combining the influence of the lost sensible heat and latent heat power, convection power, evaporation power and the obtained kinetic energy power and aerodynamic power on the deicing power of the blade. In practical application, according to the blade data such as the actual blade radius and the environmental data such as the actual environmental temperature, the power of the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system can be obtained rapidly and accurately, and the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system can be controlled more accurately and efficiently.
The control device, the equipment and the computer readable storage medium of the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system have the technical effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of an electrothermal and gas-thermal combined deicing system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a blade airfoil according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control device of an electrothermal and gas-thermal combined deicing system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control device of an electrothermal and gas-thermal combined deicing system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The application provides a control method of an electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system, which can rapidly and accurately calculate the power of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system and is beneficial to more accurately and efficiently controlling the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system. Another core of the present application is to provide a control device, a device and a computer readable storage medium of an electrothermal and gas-thermal combined deicing system, which all have the above technical effects.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of an electrothermal and air-thermal combined deicing system according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 1, the method includes:
s101: acquiring blade data and environment data of a wind turbine generator;
the blade data includes rotor angular velocity, blade radius, etc. The environmental data includes ambient temperature, wind speed, ambient barometric pressure, and the like.
S102: according to the blade data and/or the environment data, respectively calculating to obtain the lost sensible heat and latent heat power, convection power and evaporation power of a single blade unit area and the obtained kinetic power and aerodynamic power of the single blade unit area;
according to the law of conservation of energy, the heating power per unit area of an individual blade can be expressed by the energy balance of each blade surface element on the blade, i.e. the energy required for the deicing system is determined by the rate of heat loss from the balanced blade surface. In order to achieve the deicing effect of the blade, the surface temperature of the blade is required to be heated to be above the equilibrium temperature.
The supercooled liquid droplets striking the partial area of the hypothetical screen at a mass flow per unit area, the ice first becomes liquid during heating, while taking into account sensible and latent heat power.
In some embodiments, calculating lost sensible and latent power per unit area of a single blade based on the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
segmenting the blades according to preset transverse expansion and preset thickness to obtain a plurality of blade segments, and calculating to obtain the linear speed of the blade segments according to the angular speed of the wind wheel and the radius of the blade segments;
according to the thickness of the blade, the wind speed and the linear speed, calculating to obtain the water capturing efficiency;
calculating to obtain the total water capturing amount when the blades rotate according to the preset transverse expansion, the preset thickness, the linear speed and the water capturing efficiency;
and calculating the sensible heat and latent heat power according to the total water capturing amount and the ambient temperature.
Specifically, sensible and latent power q Display + diving The calculation formula of (2) is as follows;
q display + diving ＝m Water and its preparation method [ΔT((1-n)c Water and its preparation method +nc Ice )+nL f ]；
Wherein m is Water and its preparation method Total water capture when the blades are rotating at high speed; Δt is the temperature difference between the equilibrium temperature of the ice surface and the ambient temperature, Δt=t Flat plate -t Ring(s) ，t Flat plate To balance temperature, t Ring(s) Is ambient temperature; n is the ratio of the amount of ice on the blade surface to the amount of water impinging thereon, and has a value of less than 1; c Water and its preparation method The specific heat capacity of water is equal to 4.2k J/(kg.); c Ice The heat capacity of ice is equal to 2.1k J/(kg. DEG C); l (L) f Is the latent heat of fusion of ice, equal to 335kJ/kg.
To calculate the total water capture at high speed rotation of the blades, the mass of supercooled water per volume of air is referred to as Liquid Water Content (LWC), and the mass flow of supercooled water through the screen, i.e. the total water capture, is:
m water and its preparation method ＝v Wire (C) ·Δt·Δy·ρ Water and its preparation method ·E m ；
v Wire (C) Linear velocities of different segments of the blade; Δt·Δy is a virtual screen perpendicular to the blade sweep path, breaking the blade down into segments with different transverse expanses Δy and thicknesses Δt; ρ Water and its preparation method Is the density of supercooled water; e (E) m For capture efficiency.
After splitting the blade into segments with different transverse expanses ay and thicknesses Δt, the linear velocity of each blade segment is:
ω r the unit is rpm, which is the angular velocity of the wind wheel; r is the segment radius of the blade, and the unit is m.
The impact of water on the leading edge of the blade is different from the flow through the screen, smaller droplets being passed around the blade by air, with only larger droplets striking the surface, as indicated by the water capture efficiency. The capturing efficiency is as follows:
t is the thickness of the blade; v Crash of For wind speed v Wind power With blade linear velocity v Wire (C) Superposition of (v) Crash of ＝v Wind power +v Wire (C) 。
During electrothermal deicing, there is an air convection effect, so this embodiment calculates the lost convection power per unit area of a single blade.
In some embodiments, calculating the lost convective power per unit area of a single blade based on the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
calculating a difference value between the equilibrium temperature of the ice surface and the ambient temperature;
and calculating the convection power according to the difference value.
Specifically, the convection power q Convection current The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
q convection current ＝h 0 ΔT；
h 0 Is an air convection heat transfer coefficient, is influenced by a plurality of factors and has large intensity change range, for example, the value range is 5-25W/m 2 k; Δt is the temperature difference between the equilibrium temperature of the ice surface and the ambient temperature, Δt=t Flat plate -t Ring(s) ，t Flat plate To balance temperature, t Ring(s) Is ambient temperature.
In some embodiments, calculating the lost evaporation power per unit area of a single blade based on the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
and calculating according to the ambient atmospheric pressure, the ambient saturation pressure, the blade surface saturation pressure and the relative humidity to obtain the evaporation power.
Specifically, the heat of evaporation loss is equal to the mass evaporated from the surface times the rate of the latent heat of evaporation. When the surface of the blade is sufficiently heated, completely evaporating all the liquid water subjected to impingement supercooling; when the blade surface is not sufficiently heated, only part of the liquid evaporates, how much water evaporates depends not only on the surface temperature but also on the ambient saturation pressure and the relative humidity. The calculation formula of the evaporation power is as follows:
L e is the latent heat of evaporation of water, equal to 2257kJ/kg; r is R h Is relative humidity, h 0 E is the convective heat transfer coefficient of air Environment (environment) Is the ambient saturation pressure in Pa; e, e Surface of the body The unit is Pa, and the surface saturation pressure is the unit is Pa; p (P) Environment (environment) Is ambient atmospheric pressure, in Pa; c Empty space The specific heat capacity of air is k J/(kg. Deg.C).
The collision kinetic energy refers to energy obtained by bombarding the surface of a blade rotating at a high speed by supercooled liquid drops when the wind turbine generator is in normal operation.
In some embodiments, calculating the kinetic energy power taken per unit area of a single blade based on the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
and calculating the kinetic energy power according to the total water capturing amount, the wind speed and the sectional linear speed of the blade when the blade rotates.
Specifically, kinetic energy power q Kinetic energy The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
m water and its preparation method Total water capture capacity, v, of blade rotating at high speed Crash of For wind speed v Wind power With blade linear velocity v Wire (C) Superposition of (v) Crash of ＝v Wind power +v Wire (C) 。
Aerodynamic kinetic energy is the thermal gain caused by friction of the boundary layer on the blade surface. As with all other thermal gains, the power requirements for the deicing system are reduced due to the increased heat. Therefore, the icing probability of the wind turbine generator is greatly reduced under the condition of high-linear-speed operation of the blade tip.
In some embodiments, calculating the aerodynamic power obtained per unit area of a single blade based on the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
according to the wind speed and the linear speed of the blade segment, calculating to obtain a boundary layer flow recovery factor;
and calculating the aerodynamic power according to the boundary layer flow recovery factor and the wind speed.
Specifically, pneumatic power q Pneumatic power The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
h 0 is the convective heat transfer coefficient of air; c Empty space The specific heat capacity of air is k J/(kg. DEG C); r is R c Is a boundary layer flow recovery factor, andn＝0.5；v wind power For wind speed, v Crash of For wind speed v Wind power With blade linear velocity v Wire (C) Superposition of (v) Crash of ＝v Wind power +v Wire (C) ；P r Is Planty, is the ratio of momentum diffusivity to thermal diffusivity, and +.>θ is the kinematic viscosity in m++2/s; alpha is a thermal diffusivity, and the unit is m 2/s; θ and α represent the characteristics of momentum transfer and heat transfer, respectively, during molecular transfer; mu is viscosity, and the unit is pa.s; k is the thermal conductivity.
S103: according to the sensible heat and latent heat power, the convection power, the evaporation power, the collision kinetic energy power and the pneumatic power, electric heating deicing power on a unit area of a single blade is calculated;
when the wind turbine normally operates, the linear speed of the blade tip of the impeller can reach 360 km/h, and the surface of the blade rotating at high speed is bombarded by supercooled liquid drops, so that part of the blade becomes ice. The present embodiment therefore considers q comprehensively Display + diving 、q Convection current 、q Evaporation 、q Kinetic energy And q Pneumatic power And the like, and simultaneously affects the electrothermal deicing system.
Due to q Display + diving 、q Convection current And q Evaporation Loss increases the heating power requirements of the deicing system. Due to the q of the droplet striking the blade surface Kinetic energy And kinetic energy q Pneumatic power The deicing system has the effect of heating the surface of the blade, has positive influence on deicing of the blade, and reduces the heating power requirement of the deicing system. Thus, electrothermal deicing power q per unit area of a single blade Electrothermal device Calculated by the following formula;
q electrothermal device ＝q Display + diving +q Convection current +q Evaporation -q Kinetic energy -q Pneumatic power ；
q Display + diving Sensible and latent power lost per unit area of a single blade in kW/m 2 ；
q Convection current The convective power lost per unit area for a single blade is in kW/m 2 ；
q Evaporation The evaporation power lost per unit area of a single blade is in kW/m 2 ；
q Kinetic energy The kinetic energy power obtained per unit area of a single blade is in kW/m 2 ；
q Pneumatic power The aerodynamic power obtained per unit area of a single blade is in kW/m 2 。
S104: according to the environmental data, calculating to obtain the gas-heat deicing power of a single blade in unit area;
when the air-heat deicing system works, as ice coating exists on the surface of the blade junction, the pneumatic performance is seriously influenced, and the wind turbine generator is in a stop and static condition. At this point, both the drop kinetic energy and the aerodynamic kinetic energy are equal to zero. Since the ice temperature is lower than the ambient temperature at this time, q Convection current And q Evaporation Can be ignored. Thus, the aerothermal deicing power q per unit area of a single blade Air heat Calculated by the following formula:
q air heat ＝q Gas display ＝m Ice ·[ΔT·c Ice +L f ]；
Wherein m is Ice The unit is kg/m < 3 > for the mass of ice per cubic meter; Δt is the temperature difference between the equilibrium temperature of the ice surface and the ambient temperature, Δt=t Flat plate -t Ring(s) ，t Flat plate To balance temperature, t Ring(s) Is ambient temperature; c Ice The heat capacity of ice is equal to 2.1k J/(kg. DEG C); l (L) f Is the latent heat of fusion of ice, equal to 335kJ/kg.
S105: according to electrothermal deicing power and electrothermal area of a single blade unit area, electrothermal heating power of the single blade is calculated;
electrothermal heating power Q per unit area of single blade Electrothermal device ＝q Electrothermal device ×k Electrothermal device ；k Electrothermal device The electrothermal deicing power coefficient is the ratio of the area of the electric heating belt on the blade to the total heating area.
Electric heating power of individual blade = Q Electrothermal device ×s Electrothermal device 。s Electrothermal device The heating area unit for the actual electrothermal deicing system is m 2 。
As shown in fig. 2, the PS surface of the blade is the main windward area when the wind turbine generator runs. Since the main aerodynamic performance of the blade is after the maximum chord, the de-icing area is the area of the blade leading edge after the maximum chord to the tip. According to the blade model, decomposing the blade into segments with different transverse expansion deltay and thickness deltat, and respectively obtaining the electrothermal area s of the blade by a simulation software grid division mode Electrothermal device 。
S106: calculating the gas-heat heating power of the single blade according to the gas-heat deicing power and the gas-heat heating power of the single blade in unit area;
aero-thermal heating power Q per unit area of single blade Air heat ＝q Air heat ×k Air heat ；k Air heat And the coefficient of the gas-heat deicing power is expressed as the ratio of the working time to the idle time of the gas-heat deicing system.
Air heating power of individual blade = Q Air heat ×s Air heat 。s Air heat The unit of the heating area is m for the actual gas-heat deicing system 2 。
S107: calculating to obtain the total heating power of the single blade according to the electric heating power and the gas heating power;
total heating power P of individual blades Total (S) ＝Q Electrothermal device ×s Electrothermal device +Q Air heat ×s Air heat 。
S108: and controlling the operation of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system according to the operation working conditions of the wind turbine generator, the electric heating power, the gas heating power and the total heating power.
The electric heating system is directly paved at the front edge of the blade in a heating film mode, compared with gas-heat deicing, the electric-heat deicing heating area is more concentrated, the heating area is greatly reduced, the heating efficiency is far higher than the gas-heat heating efficiency, the temperature of the electric heating belt is lower than the upper limit of the running temperature of the blade material, the electric heating system can continuously work, and the electric heating system is mainly applied to the anti-icing working condition of the blade when the wind turbine generator runs and stops.
The outlet temperature of the heater of the pneumatic heat deicing system is higher (generally higher than 200 ℃), the pneumatic heat deicing system cannot continuously work under the limitation of the running temperature of the blade glass fiber reinforced plastic material, after the pneumatic heat deicing system is heated to the upper limit of the running temperature of the blade material, the heater of the deicing system is required to be closed, and the deicing system is restarted after the pneumatic heat deicing system is cooled to the set temperature, so that the pneumatic heat deicing system is mainly applied to deicing working conditions under the condition that the blade is stationary when the wind turbine generator is stopped.
On the basis of calculation of electric heating power, gas heating power and total heating power, the actual operation working condition of the wind turbine generator is determined, a deicing system to be operated and power are determined, and the deicing system is controlled to operate.
In some embodiments, the controlling the operation of the electrothermal and gas-thermal combined deicing system according to the operation condition of the wind turbine generator and the electrothermal heating power, the gas-thermal heating power, and the total heating power includes:
if the wind turbine generator runs, controlling an electric heating system in the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system to run at the full power of the electric heating power or run at the partial power of the electric heating power;
and if the wind turbine generator is stopped, controlling the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system to operate at the total heating power and the full power.
And an electric heating deicing system and an air heating deicing system are simultaneously arranged on the large wind turbine blade.
And in the icing early warning period, analyzing the ambient temperature and the relative humidity or the icing thickness, and simultaneously monitoring a wind speed power matching signal of the wind turbine. Because the wind speed of the hub is basically fixed with the corresponding theoretical power, the blade ice coating of the wind turbine generator changes the blade wing profile and increases the weight, the aerodynamic performance of the blade is affected, and the actual power generation of the wind turbine generator is reduced. Therefore, the electrothermal deicing system can be started to operate (partial power) at the moment so as to preheat and prevent ice of the wind turbine.
In the rapid ice-making period, according to the ambient temperature and the relative humidity or the icing thickness signal, when the icing probability is detected to be higher and the wind power mismatch degree is obviously reduced, the wind turbine generator enters the rapid ice-making period, and the electrothermal ice-making system operates at full power.
In the shutdown deicing period, after the electrothermal deicing system is started to operate at full power, the ambient temperature continuously drops, the relative humidity or the icing thickness continuously rises, the wind power mismatch degree of the wind turbine generator is further reduced, the generator is protected and stopped due to the power mismatch, and at the moment, the electrothermal deicing system and the aero-thermal deicing system are started to perform full power deicing.
The conditions for starting the electric heating and air heating systems at different ice formation periods are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
In summary, the control method of the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system provided by the application fully considers the characteristic of high blade tip linear speed under the running condition of the wind turbine, and determines the power of the large wind turbine blade electric heating and air heating combined deicing system according to the balance relation between the energy required by the deicing system and the rate of heat loss on the surface of the blade and combining the influence of the lost sensible heat and latent heat power, convection power, evaporation power, obtained kinetic energy power and pneumatic power on the deicing power of the blade. In practical application, according to the blade data such as the actual blade radius and the environmental data such as the actual environmental temperature, the power of the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system can be obtained rapidly and accurately, and the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system can be controlled more accurately and efficiently.
The application also provides a control device of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system, and the device can be correspondingly referred to the method. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control device of an electrothermal and air-thermal combined deicing system according to an embodiment of the present application, and in combination with fig. 3, the device includes:
the acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring blade data and environment data of the wind turbine generator;
a first calculation module 20, configured to calculate, according to the blade data and/or the environmental data, sensible heat and latent heat power lost per unit area of a single blade, convection power, evaporation power, and kinetic energy power and aerodynamic power obtained per unit area of a single blade, respectively;
a second calculation module 30, configured to calculate electrothermal deicing power per unit area of a single blade according to the sensible heat and latent heat power, the convection power, the evaporation power, the kinetic energy power and the pneumatic power;
a third calculation module 40, configured to calculate, according to the environmental data, the aero-thermal deicing power on a unit area of a single blade;
a fourth calculation module 50, configured to calculate electrothermal heating power of a single blade according to electrothermal deicing power and electrothermal area of the single blade in unit area;
a fifth calculation module 60, configured to calculate the aero-thermal heating power of the single blade according to the aero-thermal deicing power and the aero-thermal area of the single blade;
a sixth calculation module 70, configured to calculate a total heating power of the single blade according to the electrothermal heating power and the aero-thermal heating power;
and the control module 80 is used for controlling the operation of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system according to the operation working condition of the wind turbine generator, the electric heating power, the gas heating power and the total heating power.
Based on the above embodiment, as a specific implementation manner, the first computing module 20 includes:
the linear velocity calculating unit is used for segmenting the blades according to the preset transverse expansion and the preset thickness to obtain a plurality of blade segments, and calculating the linear velocity of the blade segments according to the angular velocity of the wind wheel and the radius of the blade segments;
the water capturing efficiency calculation unit is used for calculating the water capturing efficiency according to the thickness of the blade, the wind speed and the linear speed;
the total water capturing amount calculation unit is used for calculating the total water capturing amount when the blades rotate according to the preset transverse expansion, the preset thickness, the linear speed and the water capturing efficiency;
and the sensible heat and latent heat power calculation unit is used for calculating the sensible heat and the latent heat power according to the total water capturing amount and the ambient temperature.
Based on the above embodiment, as a specific implementation manner, the first computing module 20 includes:
the difference value calculating unit is used for calculating the difference value between the equilibrium temperature of the ice surface and the ambient temperature;
and the convection power calculation unit is used for calculating the convection power according to the difference value.
Based on the above embodiment, as a specific implementation manner, the first computing module 20 is specifically configured to:
and calculating according to the ambient atmospheric pressure, the ambient saturation pressure, the blade surface saturation pressure and the relative humidity to obtain the evaporation power.
Based on the above embodiment, as a specific implementation manner, the first computing module 20 is specifically configured to:
and calculating the kinetic energy power according to the total water capturing amount, the wind speed and the sectional linear speed of the blade when the blade rotates.
Based on the above embodiment, as a specific implementation manner, the first computing module 20 includes:
the factor calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a boundary layer flow recovery factor according to the wind speed and the linear speed of the blade segment;
and the aerodynamic power calculation unit is used for calculating the aerodynamic power according to the boundary layer flow recovery factor and the wind speed.
Based on the above embodiment, as a specific implementation manner, the control module 80 includes:
the first control unit is used for controlling an electric heating system in the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system to operate at the full power of the electric heating power or to operate at the partial power of the electric heating power if the wind turbine generator is operated;
and the second control unit is used for controlling the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system to run at the total heating power and the full power if the wind turbine generator is stopped.
The application also provides a control device of an electrothermal and gas-thermal combined deicing system, which comprises a memory 1 and a processor 2, as shown with reference to fig. 4.
A memory 1 for storing a computer program;
a processor 2 for executing a computer program to perform the steps of:
acquiring blade data and environment data of a wind turbine generator; according to the blade data and/or the environment data, respectively calculating to obtain the lost sensible heat and latent heat power, convection power and evaporation power of a single blade unit area and the obtained kinetic power and aerodynamic power of the single blade unit area; according to the sensible heat and latent heat power, the convection power, the evaporation power, the kinetic energy power and the pneumatic power, electric heating deicing power on a unit area of a single blade is calculated; according to the environmental data, calculating to obtain the gas-heat deicing power of a single blade in unit area; according to electrothermal deicing power and electrothermal area of a single blade unit area, electrothermal heating power of the single blade is calculated; calculating the gas-heat heating power of the single blade according to the gas-heat deicing power and the gas-heat heating power of the single blade in unit area; calculating to obtain the total heating power of the single blade according to the electric heating power and the gas heating power; and controlling the operation of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system according to the operation working conditions of the wind turbine generator, the electric heating power, the gas heating power and the total heating power.
For the description of the apparatus provided by the present application, refer to the above method embodiment, and the description of the present application is omitted herein.
The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
acquiring blade data and environment data of a wind turbine generator; according to the blade data and/or the environment data, respectively calculating to obtain the lost sensible heat and latent heat power, convection power and evaporation power of a single blade unit area and the obtained kinetic power and aerodynamic power of the single blade unit area; according to the sensible heat and latent heat power, the convection power, the evaporation power, the kinetic energy power and the pneumatic power, electric heating deicing power on a unit area of a single blade is calculated; according to the environmental data, calculating to obtain the gas-heat deicing power of a single blade in unit area; according to electrothermal deicing power and electrothermal area of a single blade unit area, electrothermal heating power of the single blade is calculated; calculating the gas-heat heating power of the single blade according to the gas-heat deicing power and the gas-heat heating power of the single blade in unit area; calculating to obtain the total heating power of the single blade according to the electric heating power and the gas heating power; and controlling the operation of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system according to the operation working conditions of the wind turbine generator, the electric heating power, the gas heating power and the total heating power.
The computer readable storage medium may include: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
For the description of the computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application, refer to the above method embodiments, and the disclosure is not repeated here.
In the description, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by the differences from other embodiments, so that the same similar parts among the embodiments are mutually referred. For the apparatus, device and computer readable storage medium of the embodiment disclosure, since it corresponds to the method of the embodiment disclosure, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative elements and steps are described above generally in terms of functionality in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may be disposed in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The control method, the device, the equipment and the computer readable storage medium of the electric heating and air heating combined deicing system provided by the application are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present application have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present application and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the principles of the application, which are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of an electric heating and air heating combined deicing system, comprising:
acquiring blade data and environment data of a wind turbine generator;
according to the blade data and/or the environment data, respectively calculating to obtain the lost sensible heat and latent heat power, convection power and evaporation power of a single blade unit area and the obtained kinetic power and aerodynamic power of the single blade unit area;
according to the sensible heat and latent heat power, the convection power, the evaporation power, the kinetic energy power and the pneumatic power, electric heating deicing power on a unit area of a single blade is calculated;
according to the environmental data, calculating to obtain the gas-heat deicing power of a single blade in unit area;
according to electrothermal deicing power and electrothermal area of a single blade unit area, electrothermal heating power of the single blade is calculated;
calculating the gas-heat heating power of the single blade according to the gas-heat deicing power and the gas-heat heating power of the single blade in unit area;
calculating to obtain the total heating power of the single blade according to the electric heating power and the gas heating power;
and controlling the operation of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system according to the operation working conditions of the wind turbine generator, the electric heating power, the gas heating power and the total heating power.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein calculating lost sensible and latent power per unit area of a single blade based on the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
segmenting the blades according to preset transverse expansion and preset thickness to obtain a plurality of blade segments, and calculating to obtain the linear speed of the blade segments according to the angular speed of the wind wheel and the radius of the blade segments;
according to the thickness of the blade, the wind speed and the linear speed, calculating to obtain the water capturing efficiency;
calculating to obtain the total water capturing amount when the blades rotate according to the preset transverse expansion, the preset thickness, the linear speed and the water capturing efficiency;
and calculating the sensible heat and latent heat power according to the total water capturing amount and the ambient temperature.
3. The control method according to claim 1, wherein calculating the lost convection power per unit area of a single blade based on the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
calculating a difference value between the equilibrium temperature of the ice surface and the ambient temperature;
and calculating the convection power according to the difference value.
4. The control method according to claim 1, wherein calculating the lost evaporation power per unit area of a single blade based on the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
and calculating according to the ambient atmospheric pressure, the ambient saturation pressure, the blade surface saturation pressure and the relative humidity to obtain the evaporation power.
5. A control method according to claim 1, characterized in that calculating the kinetic energy power obtained per unit area of a single blade from the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
and calculating the kinetic energy power according to the total water capturing amount, the wind speed and the sectional linear speed of the blade when the blade rotates.
6. Control method according to claim 1, characterized in that calculating the aerodynamic power obtained per unit area of a single blade from the blade data and/or the environmental data comprises:
according to the wind speed and the linear speed of the blade segment, calculating to obtain a boundary layer flow recovery factor;
and calculating the aerodynamic power according to the boundary layer flow recovery factor and the wind speed.
7. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the controlling operation of the combined electrothermal and gas-thermal deicing system according to the operation conditions of the wind turbine generator and the electrothermal heating power, the gas-thermal heating power, and the total heating power includes:
if the wind turbine generator runs, controlling an electric heating system in the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system to run at the full power of the electric heating power or run at the partial power of the electric heating power;
and if the wind turbine generator is stopped, controlling the electric heating and gas-heat combined deicing system to operate at the total heating power and the full power.
8. A control device of an electrothermal and air-thermal combined deicing system, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring blade data and environment data of the wind turbine generator;
the first calculation module is used for respectively calculating sensible heat and latent heat power lost on the unit area of the single blade, convection power, evaporation power and kinetic energy power and aerodynamic power obtained on the unit area of the single blade according to the blade data and/or the environment data;
the second calculation module is used for calculating electric heating deicing power on a unit area of a single blade according to the sensible heat and latent heat power, the convection power, the evaporation power, the kinetic energy power and the pneumatic power;
the third calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining the aero-thermal deicing power of the single blade in unit area according to the environmental data;
the fourth calculation module is used for calculating the electrothermal heating power of the single blade according to the electrothermal deicing power and the electrothermal area of the single blade in unit area;
the fifth calculation module is used for calculating the gas-heat heating power of the single blade according to the gas-heat deicing power and the gas-heat area of the single blade in unit area;
the sixth calculation module is used for calculating the total heating power of the single blade according to the electric heating power and the gas heating power;
and the control module is used for controlling the operation of the electric heating and gas heating combined deicing system according to the operation working condition of the wind turbine generator, the electric heating power, the gas heating power and the total heating power.
9. A control device for an electrothermal and air-thermal combined deicing system, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
processor for implementing the steps of a control method of a combined electrothermal and gas thermal deicing system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing said computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of controlling an electrothermal and gas thermal combination deicing system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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