CN116876438A - Self-cleaning type trash rack - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a self-cleaning type trash rack which comprises side posts, arched trash rack strips, an automatic trash brushing system, a trash transferring power system and a real-time detection system, wherein a plurality of arched trash rack strips are transversely fixed between the side posts, the arched trash rack strips are far away from the side posts layer by layer from top to bottom to form a trapezoid structure, the automatic trash brushing system is arranged on the trash rack strips, the trash transferring power system is arranged on the side posts at two ends of the arched trash rack strips, the trash blocking condition of the trash rack strips is monitored by the real-time detection system, and the work of the automatic trash brushing system and the trash transferring power system is controlled by an output signal of the real-time detection system to clean the trash rack strips. The arched trash rack provided by the invention is beneficial to increasing the water cross section and reducing the water passing flow rate, so that the head loss is reduced, the water energy available to a hydropower station is larger, the machine is not required to be stopped in the cleaning process, the arched trash rack can normally pass water while cleaning the water, and the working efficiency of the hydropower station is effectively improved.

Description

Self-cleaning type trash rack

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydropower station river channel cleaning, and particularly relates to a self-cleaning type trash rack based on intelligent water conservancy.

Background

The function of the trash rack is to prevent the dirt such as plant rootstock, domestic waste, industrial garbage and the like from entering the engineering internal structure, and avoid the damage of the foreign matters to buildings and equipment. Currently, trash racks can be divided into planar and rotary types according to the type of structure. The planar trash rack is generally vertically distributed in two ways in engineering, and when the phenomenon of dirt blockage occurs, the trash rack is lifted out of a gate groove for wheel flow for cleaning. The planar trash rack is difficult to clean, and special equipment such as opening and closing and trash cleaning is needed to be arranged for removing the trash. The rotary trash rack is provided with trash cleaning teeth on the surface of the rack, and the rotation of the trash cleaning teeth is utilized to clean the trash. Because various foreign matters in the river are various in sources and various in types, the size of the dirt removing teeth is difficult to determine, and the rotation of the dirt removing teeth is easy to be blocked and blocked by dirt, so that the dirt removing equipment is stopped and cleaned.

Because the number and the size of the foreign matters in the river channel are difficult to accurately estimate and control, the foreign matters collected at the upstream of the water inlet are difficult to effectively clear in time, and the blocking phenomenon of the trash facilities often occurs, which causes the following consequences: the water head difference at the upstream side and the downstream side of the trash rack is gradually increased, so that the output and the efficiency of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering are reduced; dirt in front of the grating is gradually accumulated, the effective water passing area of the grating surface is reduced, and the dirt in front of the grating continuously impacts the trash rack under the action of water flow thrust, so that the trash rack is deformed and damaged; if serious blockage occurs, the hydropower station is forced to stop for cleaning the dirt, and the industrial production, the electricity consumption of residents and the benefits of the power station are affected. Therefore, the problems of stability of the trash rack structure, dirt collection in front of the rack and difficult removal and the problems of head loss generated when the traditional trash rack overflows are one of important tasks to be solved in the hydropower industry in China.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the traditional trash rack is easy to block and difficult to clean, the invention provides the self-cleaning trash rack with the arched trash rack strip structure.

The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the scheme that: the utility model provides a self-cleaning formula trash rack includes the side column, arch trash rack strip, automatic dirt brushing system, pass dirty driving system and real-time detection system, transversely fix many arch trash rack strips between the side column to arch trash rack strip is kept away from the side column from top to bottom layer by layer and is formed trapezium structure, installs automatic dirt brushing system on the grid strip, passes dirty driving system and installs on the side column at arch trash rack strip both ends, and real-time detection system monitors the grid strip condition of blocking dirty, and carries out the grid strip clearance through real-time detection system output signal control automatic dirt brushing system and the work of passing dirty driving system.

The arched trash rack strip comprises a semicircular arc main body, connecting handles are arranged at two ends of the main body, the arched trash rack strip is fixed on the side posts through the connecting handles, and inclined plates protruding outwards are arranged at two ends of the semicircular arc main body of the rack strip.

The automatic dirt brushing system comprises cleaning brushes, the cleaning brushes are perpendicular to the grid bars, the cleaning brushes are arranged on the outer sides of the grid bars, the cleaning brushes are arranged in a zigzag shape, comb teeth are arranged at intervals towards one side of the grid bars, and the comb teeth are sleeved between the grid bars at intervals; the upper end and the lower end of the cleaning brush are provided with supporting rods, the supporting rods are provided with rotating shafts, the rotating shafts are located at the circle center positions of the arched trash rack bars, the rotating shafts are parallel to the cleaning brush, and the cleaning brush is driven to swing along the rack bars through rotation of the rotating shafts.

The sewage conveying power system is of a conveying belt structure and comprises a horizontal section conveying belt positioned above the side column and an inclined section conveying belt which is communicated with the water and has the same inclination angle as that of a trapezoid structure formed by the grid bars, and part of the inclined section conveying belt is overlapped with the inclined plates at the end parts of the grid bars.

The real-time detection system comprises a pressure sensor and an underwater camera, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged on the grid, and the lens of the underwater camera faces to the trash rack and can comprehensively monitor and identify the trash rack.

The surface of the conveyor belt is provided with a tooth poking device, dirt in the water body is conveyed through the tooth poking device in a hooking mode, meanwhile, a scraping plate is further mounted at the end part of the horizontal section in conveying mode, a tooth groove is formed in the scraping plate, and the tooth groove corresponds to the tooth poking device on the conveyor belt.

Preferably, the width of the comb teeth on the cleaning brush is increased, the comb teeth are abutted on the grid bars, and corresponding sliding components are added between the comb teeth and the grid bars.

The sliding component adopts a roller structure, rollers are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the comb teeth, and the rollers slide on the surfaces of the grid bars; the comb can also adopt an arc sliding structure, the upper end and the lower end of the comb teeth are arranged in an arc shape, the wear-resistant layer is arranged on the surface of the arc shape, and the comb slides on the surface of the grid through the end part of the arc shape.

The fixed chain wheel is arranged on the rotating shaft, the driving motor is arranged on the side column, the driving motor and the rotating shaft are connected and driven through a chain, and the driving motor can be provided with a base with the same inclination angle as the rotating shaft, so that the output shaft of the driving motor is parallel to the rotating shaft.

The real-time detection system further comprises a water level sensor, an alarm module and an overhaul module, wherein the water level sensor is used for monitoring the water level, the alarm module is used for warning when faults occur, and the overhaul module is used for guaranteeing stable operation of the trash rack.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention improves the original grating sheet into the arched grating sheet, and the arched trash rack has more stable structural characteristics, and can increase the water cross section and reduce the head loss. Aiming at the problem of difficult dirt cleaning of the trash rack, the trash rack disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the trash rack is automatically, efficiently and intelligently cleaned by means of the synergism of the arched trash rack, the automatic trash brushing system, the trash conveying power system and the real-time detection system, so that the overflow capacity of the traditional trash rack is greatly increased, the dirt cleaning problem is solved, and meanwhile, the problems of easy deformation, large overflow head loss and difficult dirt cleaning of the traditional trash rack are reduced by applying the novel concept, the novel structure and the novel technology.

The arch trash rack is the flow state of the water flow of curved surface structure more fitting, be difficult for changing the rivers form, the convex structure can bear the impact force that increases more under the same material size, the maintenance structure that can be better under high-speed rivers effect is stable, and design thickness is littleer under same intensity, can save material, reduce the rivers disturbance, compare in beam structure, be favorable to increasing the cross section more under the effect of receiving same moment of bending than the used material thickness of girder bearing moment of bending moment of arch structure, reduce the grid flow rate of crossing, thereby reduce head loss, the hydroenergy that hydropower station can utilize is bigger, and the in-process of decontaminating does not need to shut down, arch trash rack can normally cross water when decontaminating, the work efficiency of hydropower station has been improved effectively. In addition, because the arch trash rack is the curved surface structure, utilize the slow inclination of rivers impact and curved surface, make the filth pass through rivers and wash to the both sides removal more be convenient for the device of decontaminating with the filth to both sides clearance.

The automatic control system for loading monitoring, operation, alarming and overhauling is provided with automatic control equipment such as an automatic cleaning brush, a sewage conveyer belt and the like, so that manual operation is effectively reduced, the operation stability is improved, and the pollution discharge process with accuracy, environmental protection, high efficiency and energy conservation is realized.

Through the degree of piling up of pressure sensor and camera intelligent monitoring trash rack upstream one side filth under water, can realize the monitoring of filth at no dead angle of full cross section, overcome traditional trash rack and to the problem that the condition can't effectively be observed of piling up of partial filth under water.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an arch-shaped trash rack bar.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the ends of arched trash rack bars.

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a conveyor belt.

Fig. 7 is a view of a fouling transfer work frame according to the present invention.

Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a side column; 2. arched trash rack bars; 3. a sewage transmission power system; 4. an automatic dirt brushing system; 21. a connecting handle; 22. a sloping plate; 31. a horizontal section conveyor belt; 32. an inclined section conveyor belt; 33. tooth shifting; 34. a scraper; 41. a cleaning brush; 42. a brace rod; 43. a rotating shaft.

Description of the embodiments

Example 1: aiming at the problems of the traditional trash rack, the invention provides a self-cleaning trash rack based on intelligent water conservancy, which comprises side posts 1 arranged on two sides of a river channel, arched trash rack bars and an automatic trash brushing system, wherein the arched trash rack bars and the automatic trash brushing system are fixedly arranged on the basis of the side posts, a trash conveying power system and a real-time detection system are arranged on the two sides of the river channel, a group of side posts 1 are constructed on the two sides of the river channel, the uppermost ends of the side posts 1 protrude above the water surface, a plurality of arched trash rack bars 2 are transversely fixed between the side posts 1, the arched trash rack bars 2 are far away from the side posts 1 from top to bottom layer by layer to form a trapezoid structure, the automatic trash brushing system is arranged on the trash rack bars, the underwater trash blocked by the trash brushing system is used for cleaning the trash, the trash conveying power system is arranged on the side posts 1 on the two ends of the arched trash rack bars, the trash collected on the two ends is conveyed to the side posts by the trash conveying power system, then the trash accumulated on the side posts is manually cleaned by the trash rack bars, and the trash brushing power system is used for real-time detection system to control the trash brushing condition, and the trash is used for cleaning system.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the arched trash rack 2 comprises a semicircular arc body, connecting handles 21 are arranged at two ends of the body, the arched trash rack 2 is fixed on a side column through the connecting handles 21, and as the rack gradually protrudes outwards from top to bottom, the size of the semicircular arc body part of the rack is kept unchanged, and the connection of the rack and the side column is realized by increasing the length of the connecting handles 21.

Meanwhile, the two ends of the semicircular arc main body of the grid are provided with the outwards protruding inclined plates 22, as most of dirt in the river channel is flexible dirt such as pasture and water, plastic and the like and is easy to hang and twine on the grid, the automatic dirt brushing system can only push the dirt to the two ends of the grid along the grid, so that the protruding inclined plates 22 are required to be arranged at the two ends of the grid, and the twined dirt can be ejected out of the grid along the outer side surface of the inclined plates, so that the dirt conveying power system can convey the dirt to the outside of water.

The arc trash rack bars have better stability, the arc structure can bear larger impact force under the same material size, the structure can be better kept stable under the action of high-speed water flow, and after the arc trash rack bars are used, the water head loss of the trash rack bars can be reduced by about 60% through comparison.

As shown in fig. 5, the automatic dirt brushing system 4 comprises a cleaning brush 41 which is arranged perpendicular to the grid bars, the cleaning brush is arranged on the outer side of the grid bars, the cleaning brush is arranged in a saw-tooth shape, comb teeth are arranged at intervals towards one side of the grid bars, and the comb teeth are clamped between the grid bars. The whole grid strips are outwards protruded layer by layer from top to bottom to form a slope state, so that the cleaning brush is inclined at the same angle and is matched with the clamping sleeve.

The upper and lower ends of the cleaning brush 41 are provided with a supporting rod 42, the supporting rod 42 is provided with a rotating shaft 43, the rotating shaft 43 is positioned at the center of the arch-shaped trash rack bar 2, the rotating shaft 43 is parallel to the cleaning brush, and the inclination angle of the rotating shaft is the same as that of the cleaning brush. The rotating shaft at the upper end of the cleaning brush 41 can be welded with the supporting rod on the side column, the bearing is arranged on the supporting rod, and the rotating shaft is sleeved with the bearing, so that the position of the rotating shaft is fixed, and the rotating shaft at the lower end of the cleaning brush 41 is fixed by arranging the shaft seat at the bottom of a river channel. The cleaning brush is driven to swing circumferentially along the grid bars through rotation of the rotating shaft, and dirt blocked by the grid bars is cleaned to two ends of the grid bars through comb teeth clamped between the grid bars. The driving mode of the rotating shaft 43 is various, in this embodiment, a chain driving is taken as an example, a fixed sprocket is installed on the rotating shaft, a driving motor is installed on the side column, the driving motor and the rotating shaft are connected and driven through a chain, and the driving motor can be provided with a base with the same inclination angle as the rotating shaft, so that the output shaft of the driving motor is parallel to the rotating shaft.

As shown in fig. 4, the sewage-transferring power system 3 is a conveyor belt structure, and specifically includes a horizontal section conveyor belt 31 located above the side column 1 and an inclined section conveyor belt 32 connected to the water and having the same inclination angle as the trapezoid structure formed by the grid bars. As shown in fig. 1, a part of the inclined section conveyor 32 overlaps the inclined plate 22 at the end of the grid, so that dirt ejected by the inclined plate 22 can drop directly onto the conveyor, and the dirt is carried out of the body of water by the conveyor.

The upper end of the inclined section conveyor belt 32 is connected with the horizontal section conveyor belt 31, and the dirt conveyed by the inclined section conveyor belt 32 is conveyed and accumulated by the horizontal section conveyor belt 31, so that the accumulated dirt can be finally disposed by manpower.

As shown in fig. 6, a tooth-shifting device 33 is arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt, dirt in the water body is conveyed by hooking the tooth-shifting device, meanwhile, a scraper 34 is further arranged at the end part of the horizontal section conveyor belt 31, tooth grooves are arranged on the scraper 34, the tooth grooves correspond to the tooth-shifting device 33 on the conveyor belt, and the operation of the conveyor belt is not affected when the dirt is scraped.

As shown in fig. 7, the real-time detection system comprises a pressure sensor, an underwater camera and a water level sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged on the grid, the pressure sensor can be arranged between the grid and the connecting handle 21 or between the connecting handle 21 and the side column 1, when the trash rack is blocked by dirt, the pressure of river water on the grid can be obviously increased, when the pressure difference of the trash rack exceeds a specified upper limit value, the blockage of the trash rack is indicated, and the automatic dirt brushing system 4 and the dirt conveying power system 3 are controlled to start cleaning the grid through output signals of the pressure sensor.

However, the phenomenon that the trash can be accumulated in the underwater part of the trash rack and the number of shells adsorbed on the rack body are rusted and the like cannot be effectively observed by adopting the method. If the water level in the reservoir area is greatly increased due to the heavy rain in the flood season, floaters are suddenly increased, and unplanned shutdown of the unit is possibly caused by blockage of the trash rack. Therefore, the underwater part of the arch-shaped trash rack is monitored by the underwater camera, the lens of the underwater camera faces the trash rack, the trash rack can be comprehensively monitored and identified, the types and the sizes of the dirt are identified by the obtained information such as the outline and the image, and the accumulation quantity and the situation of the dirt in front of the trash rack are calculated. When the front dirt collecting degree of the arched trash rack reaches a program set threshold value, the system automatically starts a trash cleaning operation mode, and the trash cleaning brush and the conveyor belt simultaneously start to work so as to automatically clean the trash rack.

The water level sensor is used for monitoring the water level, the real-time detection system further comprises an alarm module and an overhaul module, and when the phenomena that dirt is seriously accumulated before the grating occurs, the power system of the trash rack breaks down, the rotation of the trash rack is accidentally blocked and the like, the system starts the alarm module to warn. When the trash rack system needs to be maintained, maintained and overhauled, the operation stability and the service life of the trash rack system are guaranteed through the overhauling module.

The self-cleaning trash rack adopts the arched grid bars to block the trash, so that the whole self-cleaning trash rack is convenient to have better stability; when the grid sheet induction system senses that the grid strip stress is increased to a certain range and the grid passing flow is changed greatly, the automatic dirt brushing system directly starts working, and the grid sheet dirt is brushed to two sides through the dirt cleaning brush, so that the problem of power generation efficiency reduction of the hydropower station caused by overcurrent can be reduced to the greatest extent; the automatic dirt conveying system is started together with the dirt cleaning system, and dirt is conveyed to the top to be directly collected. On the basis of guaranteeing the stability of the traditional trash rack, the self-cleaning arched trash rack solves the problem that the traditional trash rack is difficult to clean, increases the overflow area and reduces the head loss. The intelligent work system also incorporates the trash rack into the hydropower station intelligent system. The four working systems are in cooperative action, namely the arched trash rack bar system, the trash conveying power system, the automatic trash brushing system and the real-time detection system are in cooperative action, and the trash cleaning capacity and the trash cleaning efficiency are improved on the basis of improving the strength of the trash rack.

Example 2: as shown in fig. 1, since the arch-shaped trash rack bar 2 gradually protrudes outwards from top to bottom, and is connected to the side posts by the extension connection handle 21, the nearer to the bottom, the longer the extension length of the arch-shaped trash rack bar 2 is, and the shorter the support mode of the arch-shaped trash rack bar 2 is at the bottom, the higher the structural strength requirement for the arch-shaped trash rack bar 2 is, resulting in an increase in the overall cost.

This embodiment is further improved to cleaning brush 41, increase the width of broach on the cleaning brush 41, make the broach can the butt on the grid, support the grid through the broach, increase corresponding slip subassembly between broach and grid, avoid the slip wearing and tearing between broach and the grid through slip subassembly, slip subassembly can adopt the gyro wheel structure, install the gyro wheel at the broach tip promptly, utilize the gyro wheel to slide on the grid surface, perhaps directly set up the upper and lower extreme of broach into convex, and set up the wearing layer on convex surface, slide on the grid surface through the arc tip.

In this embodiment the cleaning brush 41 may be kept in the centre of the arched trash rack 2 on a daily basis, with increased support by the teeth on the cleaning brush 41 to increase the strength of the rack.

Claims (7)

1. The self-cleaning type trash rack is characterized by comprising side columns (1), arched trash rack strips (2), a trash conveying power system (3), an automatic trash brushing system (4) and a real-time detection system, wherein a plurality of arched trash rack strips (2) are transversely fixed between the side columns (1), the arched trash rack strips (2) are far away from the side columns (1) from top to bottom layer by layer to form a trapezoid structure, the automatic trash brushing system is arranged on the grid strips, the trash conveying power system is arranged on the side columns (1) at two ends of the arched trash rack strips (2), the trash blocking condition of the grid strips is monitored by the real-time detection system, and the work of the automatic trash brushing system and the trash conveying power system is controlled by output signals of the real-time detection system to clean the grid strips;

the arched trash rack bar (2) comprises a semicircular main body, connecting handles (21) are arranged at two ends of the main body, the arched trash rack bar (2) is fixed on the side posts through the connecting handles (21), and inclined plates (22) protruding outwards are arranged at two ends of the semicircular main body of the bar;

the automatic dirt brushing system (4) comprises cleaning brushes (41) which are perpendicular to the grid bars, the cleaning brushes are arranged on the outer sides of the grid bars and are in a saw-tooth shape, comb teeth are arranged at intervals towards one side of the grid bars, and the comb teeth are sleeved between the grid bars; the upper end and the lower end of the cleaning brush (41) are provided with supporting rods (42), the supporting rods (42) are provided with rotating shafts (43), the rotating shafts (43) are positioned at the circle centers of the arch trash rack bars (2), the rotating shafts (43) are parallel to the cleaning brush, and the cleaning brush is driven to swing along the rack bars through rotation of the rotating shafts;

the sewage conveying power system (3) is of a conveying belt structure and comprises a horizontal section conveying belt (31) positioned above the side column (1) and an inclined section conveying belt (32) which is communicated with the water and has the same inclination angle as that of a trapezoid structure formed by grid bars, and part of the inclined section conveying belt (32) is overlapped with an inclined plate (22) at the end part of the grid bars;

the real-time detection system comprises a pressure sensor and an underwater camera, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged on the grid, and the lens of the underwater camera faces to the trash rack and can comprehensively monitor and identify the trash rack.

2. Self-cleaning type trash rack according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with poking teeth (33), dirt in the water body is conveyed by poking teeth in a hooking manner, meanwhile, the end part of the horizontal section conveyor belt (31) is also provided with a scraping plate (34), the scraping plate (34) is provided with tooth grooves, and the tooth grooves correspond to the poking teeth (33) on the conveyor belt.

3. Self-cleaning type trash rack according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the teeth of the brush (41) is increased, the teeth of the comb are abutted against the bars, and corresponding sliding assemblies are added between the teeth of the comb and the bars.

4. A self-cleaning type trash rack according to claim 3, wherein the sliding component adopts a roller structure, rollers are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the comb teeth, and the rollers slide on the surface of the rack.

5. A self-cleaning type trash rack according to claim 3, wherein the sliding component adopts an arc sliding structure, the upper and lower ends of the comb teeth are arc-shaped, the wear-resistant layer is arranged on the arc-shaped surface, and the wear-resistant layer slides on the surface of the rack through the arc end.

6. The self-cleaning trash rack of claim 1, wherein a fixed chain wheel is installed on the rotating shaft, a driving motor is installed on the side column, the driving motor and the rotating shaft are connected and driven through a chain, and a base with the same inclination angle as the rotating shaft can be arranged on the driving motor, so that an output shaft of the driving motor is parallel to the rotating shaft.

7. The self-cleaning trash rack of claim 1, wherein the real-time detection system further comprises a water level sensor, an alarm module and a maintenance module, the water level sensor is used for monitoring the water level, the alarm module is used for warning when faults occur, and the maintenance module is used for guaranteeing stable operation of the trash rack.