CN116865845A - Distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing - Google Patents
Distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/03—Arrangements for fault recovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing, which comprises: the system comprises a communication signal transmitting end, a distributed optical fiber sensor, a fifth coupler, a sixth coupler, a multi-core optical fiber integrating communication and sensing, a communication signal receiving end, an early warning module, a first optical switch and a standby communication line. The invention utilizes the universal sensing integrated optical fiber, monitors the state of the transmission optical fiber through the sensing fiber core while ensuring the realization of the optical fiber communication transmission function in a single optical fiber, and detects and early warns the optical fiber damage possibly caused by external environment factors so as to improve the economic benefit of an optical fiber communication system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing and optical fiber communication, and particularly relates to a distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing.
Background
In 2022, china builds the global maximum mobile broadband and optical fiber network, the achievement benefits from the popularization of Passive Optical Network (PON), and with the arrival of the 5G age, the optical fiber enters home to make the broadband users of China suddenly go forward, and the application of the broadband networks covers various fields of daily production and life such as traffic, medical treatment, education and the like. The wide application of the optical fiber communication system also causes the situation that the optical fiber circuit is damaged by the construction activities or the excavation operations in the production and the life of people frequently occurs. If the line is suddenly interrupted, the telecom operators cannot timely transmit the information of the transmitting end to the receiving end, so that the corresponding E-business operators cannot timely complete order operation, intelligent factories cannot timely operate and the like, and huge economic losses are brought to social production and life.
At present, the measures for dealing with the communication line interruption accidents are to repair the line after the line is damaged, and the recovery period is long once the line is interrupted. However, in the present digital age, the assistance of the communication device is needed every moment of our work and life, which has to affect the efficiency of our work, and causes great inconvenience to our life.
Currently, the safety monitoring of communication optical cables is mainly based on a single-core distributed acoustic sensing (Distributed Acoustic Sensing, DAS) system, vibration information acquisition near the optical cables is performed by using the DAS system, and then a signal source is identified by using a signal processing method. However, the method needs to lay a sensing optical fiber beside the communication line, consumes a great deal of economic cost, can only monitor the environmental state around the communication line, is difficult to monitor the state of the communication line, and cannot accurately predict the state of the communication line.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing. The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing, which comprises: the system comprises a communication signal transmitting end, a distributed optical fiber sensor, a fifth coupler, a sixth coupler, a multi-core optical fiber integrating communication and sensing, a communication signal receiving end, an early warning module, a first optical switch and a standby communication line, wherein,
the communication signal transmitting end is used for generating a communication signal and transmitting the communication signal to the fifth coupler through the first optical switch;
the distributed optical fiber sensor is used for generating a sensing signal and sending the sensing signal to the fifth coupler;
the fifth coupler is used for transmitting the communication signal and the sensing signal to corresponding fiber cores of the all-in-one multi-core optical fiber;
the communication signal is transmitted to the communication signal receiving end through the ventilation and sensing integrated multi-core optical fiber;
the sensing signal generates a backward Rayleigh scattering light signal in the ventilation integrated multi-core optical fiber, the distributed optical fiber sensor acquires and processes the backward Rayleigh scattering light signal in real time, and when a dangerous signal is detected, an early warning instruction is sent to the early warning module;
the early warning module generates a communication line conversion signal according to the received early warning instruction, and the communication signal transmitting end converts the communication signal to the standby communication line for transmission through the first optical switch according to the received communication line conversion signal;
the sixth coupler is configured to transmit the communication signal and the sensing signal into the backup communication line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system, the through sensing integrated optical fiber is utilized, so that the function of distributed optical fiber sensing is finished while the optical fiber communication transmission function is realized in a single optical fiber, and the economic benefit of the system is greatly improved;
2. according to the space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system, a sensing technology and a monitoring system are combined to monitor the state of a communication line, early warning is carried out in advance before the communication line encounters destructive threats such as excavator excavation and the like, standby line communication is started, meanwhile, workers can quickly arrive at an accident site according to system prompt, and timely take measures to protect or repair, so that more risks are avoided;
3. according to the space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system, the internal and external environments of the optical fibers are monitored in real time by using the distributed optical fiber sensor and the universal sensing integrated optical fibers, so that the system monitors the road environment and the geological state paved by the optical fibers while monitoring the state of the optical fibers, and the application scene of the system is further expanded. The special general sense integrated optical fiber combines a selective phase superposition mode, so that the overall signal-to-noise ratio and the strain resolution of the system are greatly improved, the detectable range of the sensing system is enlarged, the interference fading phenomenon of the system is effectively inhibited, and the accuracy of specific dangerous signal identification is enhanced.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, as well as the preferred embodiments thereof, together with the following detailed description of the invention, given by way of illustration only, together with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a distributed fiber sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an overall block diagram of a distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-core optical fiber with integrated sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another general-sensing integrated multi-core optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a plurality of distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning systems based on space division multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 100-a communication signal transmitting end; 10-signal source; 11-a first modulator; 12-a carrier wave source; 13-a first coupler; 200-a distributed optical fiber sensor; 20-a sensing signal transmitting end; 201-LD array; 202-a second coupler; 203-a second modulator; 204-a second amplifier; 205-a third coupler; a 21-circulator array; 211-a circulator; 212-a second optical switch; 22-a sensing signal receiving end; 221-fourth coupler; 222-photodetector array; 223-a second signal processing module; 300-sense-all-in-one multi-core optical fiber; 30-a sensing fiber core; 31-cladding for sensing; 32-a communication core; 33-cladding for communication; 400-a communication signal receiving end; a 40-demodulator; 41-a first amplifier; 42-a first signal processing module; a 43-receiver; 500-an early warning module; 600-a first optical switch; 700-an alternate communication line; 800-fifth coupler; 900-sixth coupler.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the invention provides a distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The foregoing and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood through the description of the specific embodiments, however, the attached drawings are provided for reference and description only, and are not intended to limit the technical scheme of the present invention.
When light propagates along the optical fiber, if a sudden change of medium, such as bending, cracking, etc., occurs, reflection and scattering of the light occur, and back light opposite to the propagation direction propagates back to the transmitting end of the optical signal, such as rayleigh scattered light, brillouin scattered light, etc. One can use this mechanism to detect the fiber as a sensor. The communication line at present basically adopts optical fibers as transmission media for communication, so that the communication is integrated by combining two application modes, and a distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing is provided.
Referring to fig. 1, a block diagram of a distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing according to the embodiment includes: the communication system comprises a communication signal transmitting end 100, a distributed optical fiber sensor 200, a communication-sensing integrated multi-core optical fiber 300, a communication signal receiving end 400, a fifth coupler 800, a sixth coupler 900, an early warning module 500, a first optical switch 600 and a standby communication line 700.
The first end of the communication signal transmitting end 100 is connected to the first end of the first optical switch 600, the second end of the first optical switch 600 is connected to the first ends of the fifth coupler 800 and the sixth coupler 900, the first end of the distributed optical fiber sensor 200 is connected to the first ends of the fifth coupler 800 and the sixth coupler 900, the second end of the fifth coupler 800 is connected to the first end of the integrated multi-core optical fiber 300, the second end of the sixth coupler 900 is connected to the first end of the standby communication line 700, the second end of the integrated multi-core optical fiber 300 and the second end of the standby communication line 700 are both connected to the communication signal receiving end 400, the second end of the distributed optical fiber sensor 200 is connected to the first end of the early warning module 500, and the second end of the early warning module 500 is connected to the second end of the communication signal transmitting end 100.
In this embodiment, the communication signal transmitting end 100 is configured to generate a communication signal and transmit the communication signal to the fifth coupler 800 through the first optical switch 600; the distributed optical fiber sensor 200 is used for generating a sensing signal and transmitting the sensing signal to the fifth coupler 800; a fifth coupler 800 for transmitting the communication signal and the sensing signal to the corresponding cores of the integrated multi-core optical fiber 300; the communication signal is transmitted to the communication signal receiving end 400 through the integrated multi-core optical fiber 300; the sensing signal generates a backward Rayleigh scattering optical signal in the general sense integrated multi-core optical fiber 300, the distributed optical fiber sensor 200 acquires and processes the backward Rayleigh scattering optical signal in real time, and when detecting that a dangerous signal exists, the distributed optical fiber sensor sends an early warning instruction to the early warning module 500; the early warning module 500 generates a communication line conversion signal according to the received early warning instruction, and the communication signal transmitting end 100 converts the communication signal to the standby communication line 700 for transmission through the first optical switch 600 according to the received communication line conversion signal; the sixth coupler 900 is used to transmit communication signals and sensing signals into the alternate communication line 700.
Please refer to the block diagram of the distributed optical fiber sensor shown in fig. 2. In an alternative embodiment, distributed fiber sensor 200 includes: a sensing signal transmitting end 20, a circulator array 21 and a sensing signal receiving end 22.
The first end of the sensing signal transmitting end 20 is connected to the first end of the circulator array 21, the second end of the circulator array 21 is connected to the first ends of the fifth coupler 800 and the sixth coupler 900, the third end of the circulator array 21 is connected to the first end of the sensing signal receiving end 22, and the second end of the sensing signal receiving end 22 is connected to the first end of the early warning module 500.
In the present embodiment, the sensing signal transmitting terminal 20 is used for generating a sensing signal and transmitting the sensing signal to the circulator array 21; the circulator array 21 is used for transmitting the received sensing signals to the fifth coupler 800, so as to transmit the signals to the corresponding cores of the universal-sensing integrated multi-core optical fiber 300 through the fifth coupler 800; the backward Rayleigh scattered light signal is transmitted to the sensing signal receiving end 22 through the fifth coupler 800 and the circulator array 21; the sensing signal receiving end 22 is configured to process the backward rayleigh scattering optical signal in real time, and send an early warning instruction to the early warning module 500 when detecting that the dangerous signal exists.
Alternatively, the distributed fiber optic sensor 200 may be a distributed fiber optic acoustic wave sensor DAS or a distributed fiber optic vibration sensor DVS. The optical fiber sensor can adopt an optical fiber sensing technology based on Rayleigh scattering or a fiber sensing technology based on Brillouin scattering.
Referring to fig. 3 further for a detailed description of each part in the present embodiment, fig. 3 is an overall block diagram of a distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the communication signal transmitting terminal 100 includes a signal source 10, a first modulator 11, a carrier source 12, and a first coupler 13, which are sequentially connected.
The sensing signal transmitting terminal 20 includes an LD array 201, a second coupler 202, a second modulator 203, a second amplifier 204, and a third coupler 205, which are sequentially connected.
Alternatively, the lasers in the LD array 201 are selected from narrow linewidth lasers with shorter wavelength and different frequencies as light sources, so that the obtained scattered light signals can effectively eliminate the influence of interference fading noise after the phase superposition processing. Alternatively, the operating wavelength of each LD may be non-uniform.
The circulator array 21 includes a plurality of circulators 211 and a second optical switch 212 correspondingly connected to the circulators 211. In the present embodiment, the sensing signal is transmitted to the fifth coupler 800 through the plurality of circulators 211 and the second optical switch 212 to be transmitted to the corresponding cores of the all-in-one multi-core fiber 300 through the fifth coupler 800, and when the all-in-one multi-core fiber 300 is damaged, the sensing signal is converted to the spare communication line 700 for transmission through the second optical switch 212 and the sixth coupler 900.
Referring to fig. 4 in combination, fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a general-sensing integrated multi-core optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the sense-of-general-body multicore fiber 300 includes: m sensing cores 30, a sensing cladding 31, N communication cores 32 and a communication cladding 33, wherein M is greater than or equal to 2 and N is greater than or equal to 1.
The N communication cores 32 are positioned at the center of the optical fiber, the communication cladding 33 is coated on the outside of the N communication cores 32, the sensing cladding 31 is coated on the outside of the communication cladding 33, and the M sensing cores 30 are positioned inside the sensing cladding 31 and uniformly surround the outer circumferences of the N communication cores 32.
As shown in fig. 4, for example, 6 sensing cores 30 and 3 communication cores 32 are provided. As shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic cross-sectional structure of another general-sense-integrated multi-core fiber, 5 sensing cores 30 and 1 communication core 32 are provided.
The LD array 201 is composed of a plurality of LDs, and the number of LDs corresponds to the number of the sensing cores 30, and the number of circulators 211 corresponds to the number of the sensing cores 30.
In this embodiment, the signal generated by the signal source 10 is modulated by the first modulator 11, and the carrier wave source 12 loads the carrier wave signal to generate a communication signal, and the communication signal is coupled by the first coupler 13, and finally input to the N communication cores 32 of the all-in-one multicore fiber 300 through the first optical switch 600 and the fifth coupler 800. The second modulator 203 converts the optical signals output from the LD array 201 into detection pulses, and the pulse code sequences are amplified by the second amplifier 204, coupled to the M circulators 211 by the third coupler 205, and finally input to the M sensing cores 30 of the all-in-one multicore fiber 300 by the fifth coupler 800.
It is noted that the repetition frequency of the input pulse train of the detection pulse modulated by the second modulator 203 in each sensing channel is:
wherein c is the vacuum light speed; l optical fiber length; n is the refractive index of the fiber.
In the present embodiment, the communication core 32 and the communication cladding 33 are made of a material of an optical fiber for a general optical fiber communication system, and the sensing core 30 is made of pure SiO 2 The material is doped with F in the sensing cladding 31, and the refractive index difference is changed by adjusting the content of F, thereby changing the propagation property of the mode field. Wherein the refractive index of the sensing cladding 31 is lower than that of the sensing core 30, and the difference between the refractive indices of the sensing core 30 and the sensing cladding 31 is not more than 0.03 at maximum.
In addition, geO can also be considered 2 、P 2 O 5 Doping of calcium-based nano particles and the like, and through doping of trace elements, the backward Rayleigh scattering is improved under the condition that a small amount of extra optical fiber loss is increasedThe intensity of the light further improves the performance of the sensing fiber. The specific doping concentration depends on design parameters such as core size, fiber length, etc.
Optionally, the sensing fiber core 30 is doped with an appropriate amount of GeO 2 . GeO may be optionally doped in the cladding 31 for sensing 2 Or without any doping.
Optionally, the sensing fiber core 30 is doped with an appropriate amount of GeO 2 Or without any doping, the sensing cladding 31 is doped with an appropriate amount of F.
The radius of the sensing fiber core 30 is designed to be 5-8 mu m, the design can increase backward Rayleigh scattered light under the condition of maintaining single-mode transmission, the communication fiber core 32 is a standard single-mode fiber, the radius of the sensing fiber core is 4-5 mu m, the radius of the sensing cladding 31 is 60-75 mu m, and the radius of the communication cladding 33 is not less than 15 mu m.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the communication signal receiving end 400 includes a demodulator 40, a first amplifier 41, a first signal processing module 42 and a receiver 43 connected in sequence.
In this embodiment, the communication signal is demodulated by the demodulator 40 and amplified by the first amplifier 41, and the first signal processing module 42 processes the amplified signal to obtain information carried by the communication signal, and sends the obtained information to the receiver 43. The specific signal processing method adopts the existing processing method, and is not described herein.
The sensing signal receiving end 22 comprises a fourth coupler 221, a photodetector array 222 and a second signal processing module 223 which are sequentially connected.
In this embodiment, the backward rayleigh scattered light signal is transmitted to the photodetector array 222 through the fourth coupler 221; the photodetector array 222 transmits the received backward rayleigh scattered light signal to the second signal processing module 223; the second signal processing module 223 extracts the phase variation of the backward rayleigh scattered light, compares the phase variation with the features of the pre-acquired dangerous signal, and sends an early warning instruction to the early warning module 500 if the features are detected to be consistent.
Alternatively, the second signal processing module 223 sets the phase change amount of the target signal according to the characteristics of the previously acquired dangerous signal when performing information processing, and performs discrimination based on the phase change amount. Firstly, phase information of a backward Rayleigh scattering optical signal is extracted, then, the phase variation of each extracted path is compared with an initial phase variation, the path of signal is reserved when the phase variation is close to a target threshold value, if the phase variation is basically unchanged or very small, a signal fed back by the path is abandoned, finally, a suspicious signal is subjected to phase superposition and then is used as a final phase variation, intensity information is further recovered, and the suspicious signal is used as a final feedback signal to carry out disturbance information identification.
In this embodiment, the phase stacking manner is to accumulate phase information, average the accumulated phase information, and set a corresponding weight, for example, for the all-in-one multicore fiber 300 shown in fig. 5, weights of 2, 1, 2 and 3 are set for each of the multiple sensing fiber cores 30, the monitored optical signal variation is a, b, c, d, e, and all but b satisfies the threshold condition, and the final value (2a+c+2d+3e)/(2+1+2+3) is used as the final criterion.
In this embodiment, the danger signal is a signal generated when the optical fiber is about to break, for example, a signal generated when the optical fiber is about to be excavated when the excavator repairs a road.
It should be noted that features of the dangerous signals need to be acquired in advance, and optionally, features of the dangerous signals can be extracted by combining with an artificial neural network algorithm, so that accuracy of feature identification is improved, and discrimination and early warning can be performed based on the features. When the distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing is applied to different scenes, the early warning function can be finished only by acquiring the characteristics of corresponding dangerous signals in advance and changing equipment and only by changing the operation to be executed after signal processing is finished.
Further, in the present embodiment, the spare communication line 700 also employs a sense-of-general-purpose multicore fiber.
In this embodiment, when the communication signal transmitting end 100 receives the communication line switching signal, the communication line is changed by the first optical switch 600 immediately, and the information is transmitted to the communication signal receiving end 400 via the standby communication line 700, so as to ensure smooth communication between the communication signal receiving end 400 and the communication signal transmitting end 100. After the technician resumes the communication of the original communication line (the integrated multi-core optical fiber 300), the communication line used previously is changed back.
When a plurality of distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning systems based on space division multiplexing are provided, an independent distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing may be provided for each communication line, that is, each communication line has a spare communication line 700. The two space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning systems of two adjacent communication lines can be combined and multiplexed, so that the all-in-one multicore optical fibers 300 of the two adjacent space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning systems are mutually standby communication lines 700, as shown in fig. 6.
When a plurality of distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning systems based on space division multiplexing exist, a multiplexing mode is adopted to form a system capable of monitoring the state of the whole communication network line, and the tangential benefits of an information operator and a user can be better ensured.
According to the space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system, the through sensing integrated optical fiber is utilized, so that the function of distributed optical fiber sensing is finished while the optical fiber communication transmission function is realized in a single optical fiber, and the economic benefit of the system is greatly improved; the state of the communication line is monitored by combining the sensing technology and the monitoring system, early warning is made in advance before the communication line encounters destructive threats such as excavator excavation, and the like, the communication of the standby line is started, meanwhile, workers can quickly arrive at an accident site according to system prompt, and timely take measures to protect or repair, so that more risks are avoided.
Secondly, the distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing utilizes the distributed optical fiber sensor and the universal integrated optical fiber to monitor the internal and external environments of the optical fiber in real time, so that the system monitors the road environment and the geological state paved by the optical fiber while realizing the state monitoring of the optical fiber, and the application scene of the system is further expanded. The special general sense integrated optical fiber combines a selective phase superposition mode, so that the overall signal-to-noise ratio and the strain resolution of the system are greatly improved, the detectable range of the sensing system is enlarged, the interference fading phenomenon of the system is effectively inhibited, and the accuracy of specific dangerous signal identification is enhanced.
It should be noted that in this document relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in an article or apparatus that comprises the element. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and is not indicative or implying that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system based on space division multiplexing is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a communication signal transmitting end, a distributed optical fiber sensor, a fifth coupler, a sixth coupler, a multi-core optical fiber integrating communication and sensing, a communication signal receiving end, an early warning module, a first optical switch and a standby communication line, wherein,
the communication signal transmitting end is used for generating a communication signal and transmitting the communication signal to the fifth coupler through the first optical switch;
the distributed optical fiber sensor is used for generating a sensing signal and sending the sensing signal to the fifth coupler;
the fifth coupler is used for transmitting the communication signal and the sensing signal to corresponding fiber cores of the all-in-one multi-core optical fiber;
the communication signal is transmitted to the communication signal receiving end through the ventilation and sensing integrated multi-core optical fiber;
the sensing signal generates a backward Rayleigh scattering light signal in the ventilation integrated multi-core optical fiber, the distributed optical fiber sensor acquires and processes the backward Rayleigh scattering light signal in real time, and when a dangerous signal is detected, an early warning instruction is sent to the early warning module;
the early warning module generates a communication line conversion signal according to the received early warning instruction, and the communication signal transmitting end converts the communication signal to the standby communication line for transmission through the first optical switch according to the received communication line conversion signal;
the sixth coupler is configured to transmit the communication signal and the sensing signal into the backup communication line.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication signal transmitting end comprises a signal source, a first modulator, a carrier wave source and a first coupler which are sequentially connected.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication signal receiving end comprises a demodulator, a first amplifier, a first signal processing module and a receiver connected in sequence.
4. The space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the backup communication line adopts a passsense integrated multi-core optical fiber, and the passsense integrated multi-core optical fiber comprises: m fiber cores for sensing, a cladding for sensing, N fiber cores for communication and a cladding for communication, wherein M is more than or equal to 2, and N is more than or equal to 1;
the N communication fiber cores are positioned in the center of the optical fiber, the communication fiber cores are coated with the communication fiber cladding, the communication fiber cores are coated with the sensing fiber cladding, the M sensing fiber cores are positioned in the sensing fiber cladding and uniformly surround the outer periphery of the N communication fiber cores.
5. The system for monitoring and early warning of the state of a distributed communication line based on space division multiplexing according to claim 4, characterized in that,
the sensing fiber core is pure SiO 2 The material is doped with F in the cladding for sensing;
the radius of the sensing fiber core is 5-8 mu m, the communication fiber core is a standard single mode fiber, the radius of the communication fiber core is 4-5 mu m, the radius of the sensing cladding is 60-75 mu m, and the radius of the communication cladding 33 is not less than 15 mu m.
6. The space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line status monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the distributed optical fiber sensor comprises: the sensing signal transmitting end, the circulator array and the sensing signal receiving end, wherein,
the sensing signal transmitting end is used for generating a sensing signal and transmitting the sensing signal to the circulator array;
the circulator array is used for transmitting the received sensing signals to the fifth coupler;
the backward Rayleigh scattering optical signal is transmitted to the sensing signal receiving end through the fifth coupler and the circulator array;
the sensing signal receiving end is used for processing the backward Rayleigh scattering light signals in real time, and sending an early warning instruction to the early warning module when the dangerous signals are detected.
7. The system for monitoring and early warning of a distributed communication line state based on space division multiplexing as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sensing signal transmitting terminal comprises an LD array, a second coupler, a second modulator, a second amplifier and a third coupler which are sequentially connected, wherein,
the LD array is composed of a plurality of LDs, and the number of the LDs is consistent with the number of the sensing fiber cores of the all-in-one multi-core optical fiber.
8. The system according to claim 6, wherein the circulator array includes a plurality of circulators and second optical switches correspondingly connected to the circulators, wherein the number of circulators is identical to the number of sensing cores of the all-in-one multi-core optical fiber, and the second optical switches are used for converting the sensing signals to the standby communication line for transmission when the all-in-one multi-core optical fiber is damaged.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein the sensing signal receiving end comprises a fourth coupler, a photodetector array and a second signal processing module connected in sequence, wherein,
the backward Rayleigh scattered light signal is transmitted to the light detector array through the fourth coupler;
the optical detector array transmits the received backward Rayleigh scattered optical signals to the second signal processing module;
and the second signal processing module extracts the phase change quantity of the backward Rayleigh scattered light, compares the phase change quantity with the characteristics of the pre-acquired dangerous signals, and sends an early warning instruction to the early warning module if the characteristics are detected to be consistent.
10. The space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein when a plurality of space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning systems are provided, the on-sense integrated multi-core optical fibers of two adjacent space division multiplexing-based distributed communication line state monitoring and early warning systems are mutually standby communication lines.
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