CN116865527A

CN116865527A - Main inductor shared power supply circuit and implementation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116865527A
Application number: CN202310657795.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏昕; 毕硕威
Original assignee: Shenzhen Yineng Times Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Yineng Times Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-05
Filing date: 2023-06-05
Publication date: 2023-10-10
Also published as: CN117477902A

Abstract

The application discloses a main inductance shared power supply circuit which comprises a plurality of circuit components, a main inductance, a switch and a controller for controlling the working state of the switch; when the switch is in a closed state, the switch, the input power supply and the main inductor form a loop to charge the main inductor; the capacitors, primary windings and switches in the circuit components form a plurality of loops; when the switch is in an off state, the input power supply, the main inductor, the capacitors in the circuit components and the primary winding of the transformer form a plurality of loops, the input power supply and the charged main inductor are the capacitors in the circuit components at the same time, and the transformer inducts the electric energy obtained by the primary winding into the secondary winding to provide electric energy output. Compared with the prior art, the main inductance shared power supply circuit has good expansibility, can provide voltage/power output in a wider range, can achieve high electric energy conversion rate, and has lower cost and better stability.

Description

Main inductor shared power supply circuit and implementation method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of electric energy conversion, in particular to a power supply circuit technology in a larger power scene.

Background

In the prior art, a power module applied to a high power (generally more than 200 watts is larger) or a high power scene comprises a front stage circuit and a rear stage circuit, wherein the front stage generally adopts a Boost rectifier or various topological circuits equivalent to the Boost circuit to realize power factor tracking (also called PFC), the mainstream PFC topological scheme is three-phase three-wire three-level VIENNA (for example, the main PFC topological scheme comprises two-way staggered parallel three-phase three-wire three-level VIENNA and single-phase staggered three-phase three-wire three-level VIENNA), a totem pole topological circuit, and the Boost circuit (for example, the main PFC topological scheme also comprises staggered Boost and single-phase electric application); the scheme of the back stage DC-DC generally realizes voltage reduction/voltage stabilization through a circuit topology mode based on a full bridge or a half bridge (for example, two groups of staggered series connection two-level full bridge LLCs, two groups of staggered parallel connection two-level full bridge LLCs, three-level phase shifting full bridges, two groups of two-level LLC full bridge series connection, two groups of two-level three-phase staggered LLCs series connection, three-level LLC half/full bridge and the like).

Meanwhile, the existing high-power supply is realized by using a front-stage PFC+a rear-stage DC-DC. In the process of increasing single power supply. The more power a single PFC circuit must be made, the more power a single DC-DC must be made.

The topology circuit for realizing PFC by the front stage of the power module in the prior art shown in the attached figure 1 is specifically a connection schematic diagram of a three-phase three-wire system three-level VIENNA circuit, the back stage DC-DC topology circuit of the power module in the prior art shown in the attached figure 2 is specifically a connection schematic diagram of two groups of staggered series two-level full-bridge LLCs, namely the front stage circuit and the back stage circuit of the attached figure 1 and the attached figure 2 jointly realize the function of the power module for providing electric energy for a load, only the attached figure 1 and the attached figure 2 can show that the power module in the prior art has more circuit components and more complicated circuit connection, inevitably causes the problems of high cost, poor circuit stability, large loss in the energy conversion/transmission process, low electric energy conversion rate and the like, and the design of the power circuit which can bear relatively large power and realize relatively high conversion efficiency and is suitable for a high-power supply scene is also an industrial problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a main inductance shared power supply circuit, which can solve the problems of low conversion rate, high cost, weak stability and the like of the power supply circuit in the prior art, and can be designed to be suitable for a high-power supply scene and capable of bearing relatively large power and realizing relatively high conversion efficiency.

The application provides a main inductance shared power supply circuit, which comprises n circuit components (n is a natural number more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 12), a main inductance, a switch, a controller and an information acquisition module; the circuit assembly includes: capacitance, transformer, output half-wave rectification module:

the capacitor of the circuit component is connected with the primary winding end of the transformer in series, the secondary winding end of the transformer is an output end for providing electric energy, and one end of the secondary winding end of the transformer is connected with the output half-wave rectification module;

the capacitor in each circuit component of the n circuit components and the primary winding of the transformer are connected in series, and the circuit components are connected in parallel;

one end of an input power supply is connected with one end of the main inductor, and the other end of the main inductor is connected with one end of each capacitor of the n circuit components and one end of the switch; one end of the primary winding of each transformer of the n circuit components, which is not connected in series with the capacitor, is connected with the other end of the switch and the other end of the input power supply;

the information acquisition module is used for acquiring information of the input end and/or the output end of the power supply circuit;

the controller is connected with the information acquisition module and the switch, and is used for generating control information comprising the switch duty ratio and the frequency according to the information acquired by the information acquisition module and the output requirement of the load on the power supply circuit, and controlling the switch to execute the control information.

Preferably, the power supply circuit inputs a maximum value V of voltage _{Into (I)} And the maximum value V of the output voltage _{Out of} Is in the ratio of V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is larger than 200W, the parameter range of n capacitors of the n circuit components is 30nF-3 μf, the inductance range of n primary windings of the n transformers of the n circuit components is 10 μh-1000 μh, and the ratio range of primary windings/secondary windings of the n transformers is R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} ＝1∶5-5∶1。

Preferably, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is 200W-1000W, the inductance of the primary windings of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 10 mu H to 1000 mu H, and the ratio of the primary windings to the secondary windings of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:5-1:1; the parameter range of the n capacitors of the n circuit components is 100nF-3 mu F.

Preferably, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is 1000W-2000W, the primary inductance of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 50 mu H to 250 mu H, and the primary/secondary winding ratio of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} =2:1-5:1; the n capacitance parameters of the n circuit components range from 200nF to 800nF.

Preferably, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is 1000W-2000W, the primary inductance of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 30 mu H to 1000 mu H, and the primary/secondary winding ratio of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:2-2:1; the n capacitance parameters of the n circuit components range from 50nF to 3 μf.

Preferably, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is 2000W-10000W, the primary side inductance of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 50 mu H to 250 mu H, and the primary side/secondary side winding ratio of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:1-2:1; the n capacitance parameter values of the n circuit components range from 200nF to 800nF.

Preferably, the main inductor of the power supply circuit is matched with a switch to realize power factor tracking, and meanwhile, the dynamic adjustment of boosting and reducing is realized according to the input voltage and the output voltage requirement of the power supply circuit.

Preferably, when the input power of the power supply circuit is ac, the power supply circuit further includes an input rectifying module that provides a dc input to the main inductor.

Preferably, the power supply circuit further comprises an input capacitor, one end of the input capacitor is connected with one end of the main inductor and one end of the input power supply, and the other end of the input capacitor is connected with the grounding end of the switch and the other end of the input power supply; when the maximum power value of the power supply circuit which can be input currently is unknown, the power supply circuit realizes maximum power point tracking and simultaneously realizes dynamic adjustment of rising/falling of output voltage according to output requirements.

Preferably, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is 200W-1000W, the inductance value of the primary windings of n transformers in the n circuit components ranges from 10 mu H to 1000 mu H; the primary side/secondary side winding proportion range of n transformer transformers in the n circuit components is R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:1-1:5; the parameter range of n capacitors in the n circuit components is 100nF-3 mu F.

Preferably, the power supply circuit further comprises an output rectifying unit for providing rectification to an output of the power supply circuit.

Preferably, the output rectifying unit is an H-bridge.

Preferably, the output half-wave rectification module in the circuit assembly realizes half-wave rectification of output through a diode.

Preferably, the output half-wave rectification module realizes half-wave rectification of output through a rectification switch and a rectification switch controller for controlling the rectification switch.

Preferably, the rectifier switch controller controls the switching mode of the rectifier switch according to the mode of the controller control switch of the corresponding power supply circuit to induce power to the secondary winding of the transformer in the circuit assembly.

Preferably, the output ends of the n circuit components included in the power supply circuit are connected in series or in parallel in a combined manner to form a power supply output end of the power supply circuit.

Preferably, the capacitors and transformer parameters in the n circuit components included in each power supply circuit are identical.

Preferably, the switching of the power supply circuit is implemented by a bi-directional switch or a controllable switching device.

Preferably, the switch of the power supply circuit included in the power supply circuit is a switch assembly, and the switch assembly is a parallel connection of a plurality of switch tubes.

Preferably, the range of leakage inductance values of the transformer in the power supply circuit is less than 1.5%.

Preferably, the transformer in the power circuit is copper foil or U-shaped metal sheet, and the winding mode is parallel winding.

The application also provides a method for simultaneously realizing power factor tracking and step-up/step-down dynamic adjustment by using the main inductance shared power circuit, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Step S1, obtaining the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage and output current value at high frequency;

s2, comparing the obtained current actual output power with the target output power required by the access load;

step S3, according to the comparison result of the current actual output power and the target output power, the peak value of the input current is adjusted at high frequency;

s4, determining a target input current value at high frequency according to the input current peak value and the currently input phase information;

s5, comparing the current actual input current value with the target input current value, and determining the duty ratio and the frequency adjustment instruction information of the switch at high frequency according to the comparison result;

and S6, the switch of the power supply circuit executes the instruction information at high frequency, and controls the charge and discharge time of the main inductor in the power supply circuit, so that the current actual input current value of the power supply circuit approaches the target input current value as much as possible.

The application also provides a method for simultaneously realizing maximum power point tracking and dynamic adjustment of output voltage rising/falling according to output requirements by using the main inductance shared power circuit, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S2, high-frequency adjusting the peak value of the output current, monitoring the input voltage and the input power change caused by the peak value, and determining updated adjusting information of the peak value of the output current according to the input voltage and the input power change;

step S3, determining a target output current value at high frequency according to the output current peak value and the corresponding output target phase information;

s4, comparing the current actual output current value with the target output current value, and determining the duty ratio and the frequency adjustment instruction information of the switch at high frequency according to the comparison result;

and S5, the switch of the power supply circuit executes the instruction information at high frequency, and controls the charge and discharge time of the main inductor in the power supply circuit, so that the current actual output current value of the power supply circuit approaches the target output current value as much as possible.

Compared with the prior art, the main inductance power supply circuit comprises a plurality of circuit components, a main inductance, a switch and a controller for controlling the working state of the switch; the circuit assembly includes: the capacitor, the transformer and the output half-wave rectification module; when the switch is in a closed state, the switch, an input power supply and the main inductor form a loop and charge the main inductor; the capacitors, the primary winding of the transformer and the switch in the circuit components form a plurality of loops; when the switch is in an off state, the input power supply, the main inductor, the capacitors in the circuit components and the primary winding of the transformer form a plurality of loops, the input power supply and the charged main inductor charge the capacitors in the circuit components at the same time, meanwhile, the transformer induces electric energy obtained by the primary winding into the secondary winding, and the output end of the secondary winding is used as the output end of the power supply circuit for providing electric energy, so that electric energy transmission is realized. In particular, by providing a plurality of circuit components, the cost can be saved even more while providing equal power output.

The method for simultaneously realizing power factor tracking and boosting/reducing according to output needs by sharing the power supply circuit by the main inductor can further adjust the frequency and the duty ratio of a switch by adjusting the peak value of input current at high frequency, control the charge and discharge time of the main inductor, realize the power factor tracking, realize the dynamic adjustment of boosting and reducing according to the input voltage and the output voltage of the power supply circuit, and realize high-frequency isolation so as to meet the load needs; compared with the prior art, the main inductance shared power supply circuit can simultaneously realize the functions of voltage boosting, voltage reducing, power factor tracking, high-frequency isolation and the like, has fewer used components, can effectively save cost, has good stability, and has low energy loss and high electric energy conversion rate.

The main inductor sharing power supply circuit simultaneously realizes maximum power point tracking and dynamic adjustment of output voltage rising/falling according to output requirements, the frequency and/or duty ratio of an adjusting switch can be further controlled by adjusting the peak value of output current through high frequency, and the charging and discharging time of the main inductor is controlled, so that the voltage rising/dropping and maximum power point tracking according to output requirements are realized, and the maximum power value of a power supply input to the power supply circuit can be detected in the field of unknown input power supply power, such as the field of photovoltaic power generation of a solar cell panel, so that the electric energy of the input power supply can be obtained to the maximum extent, the generated energy is improved, the number of used components is small, the cost can be effectively saved, the main inductor sharing power supply circuit has good stability, low energy loss and high electric energy conversion rate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase three-wire system three-level VIENNA circuit connection of a pre-stage PFC topology circuit of a prior art power supply module circuit;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of two sets of interleaved series two-level full-bridge circuits connected in a post-stage DC-DC topology of a prior art power module circuit;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of a main inductor common power circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the main inductor common power circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the main inductor common power circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the main inductor common power circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the main inductor common power circuit for simultaneously implementing power factor tracking and step-up/step-down dynamic adjustment according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a flowchart of a main inductor-shared power circuit for simultaneously implementing maximum power tracking and step-up/step-down dynamic regulation according to another embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The application provides a main inductance shared power circuit, which aims to solve the problems of high cost, weak stability, large energy loss, low conversion rate and the like caused by more components and complex connection of the power circuit in the prior art.

In the prior art, the power supply circuit is provided with the front-stage circuit and the rear-stage circuit, the front-stage circuit is used for tracking power factors, the rear-stage circuit is used for reducing/stabilizing voltage, and the power supply circuit disclosed by the embodiment can realize the function of connecting the power supply circuit through two-stage very complex components only through the combined connection of a single main inductor, a switch, a plurality of circuit components comprising a capacitor transformer and other components.

The main inductance shared power supply circuit comprises n circuit components, wherein n is a natural number which is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 12, when n is equal to 1, the circuit components which are used as basic circuit units of the main inductance shared power supply circuit comprise fewer circuit components, the capability of the original front-stage PFC+back-stage DC-DC can be realized, so that fewer components form an independent working unit, but a wider voltage/power output range can not be provided under the condition of ensuring high conversion rate of electric energy, for example, if a load needs a larger output voltage, when n is equal to 1, the common solution is more difficult to achieve efficiency and cost, and the main inductance shared power supply circuit comprises a plurality of circuit components, and can effectively solve the problem of the basic circuit units, and is specifically described as follows:

(1) when the load needs the basic circuit unit to output higher voltage, the duty ratio of the switch operation needs to be greatly improved, so that the optimal balance among a plurality of parameters such as output power, output voltage, conversion efficiency and the like is difficult to achieve, and the working efficiency of the power circuit is low. At this time, the number of the set circuit components can be increased by the main inductance shared power supply circuit, and the output ends of the circuit components are connected in series, so that the output voltage range of the power supply circuit is improved.

(2) When the load needs the basic circuit unit to output higher voltage, the problem can be solved by setting the number of secondary windings of the transformer to be more than the number of primary windings of the transformer; however, in the practical application process, leakage inductance cannot be effectively suppressed when the transformer is boosted, at this time, the main inductance shared power supply circuit can be provided with a plurality of circuit components, and the output ends of the circuit components are connected in series by using a plurality of transformers with the ratio of 1:1, so that the boosting is realized, the stability problem of the power supply circuit caused by the leakage inductance of the transformer is solved, and meanwhile, the boosting problem of the circuit is solved.

(3) When the load needs a power circuit with n equal to 1 to output higher power, namely the transformer needs to bear higher power but cannot be saturated, the sensing amount of the transformer needs to be set smaller, and the working frequency of the switching tube needs to be set lower; by (a) winding the transformer more turns, it will not saturate, but the cost is increased, the copper loss is increased; (b) The air gap between the magnetic cores of the transformer needs to be increased, but the magnetic leakage is serious, and the efficiency is affected. On the basis of (a), the lower the inductance of the transformer, the greater the power carried. However, winding the transformer more times increases the inductance of the transformer, and requires more magnetic core air gaps to reduce the inductance. At this time, the air gap becomes larger, which also causes more magnetic leakage and affects the conversion efficiency. At the same time, the entire power supply circuit carries a relatively large amount of power if required. The lower the switching frequency, the greater the output power of the power supply circuit. However, if the frequency is lower than 80K, the conversion loss of the transformer starts to increase significantly and the conversion efficiency decreases significantly in some specific scenarios related to the power required by the load and the transformer core, for example, in the case of a 220V ac input voltage/400V dc output voltage/EE 51 core.

The contradiction point is that the difficulty of designing a basic circuit unit which can bear relatively large power and simultaneously realize relatively high conversion efficiency of the transformer adapting to a high-power supply scene is greatly increased. The main inductor of the application shares the power supply circuit to set up a plurality of circuit components, namely split a transformer into a plurality of transformers with larger primary side and secondary side winding inductance, under the condition of meeting the whole output power of the power supply circuit, the power born by a single transformer is reduced, namely, the single transformer can be wound by fewer circles; the transformer air gap may be smaller; the switching frequency can be higher; the power supply circuit with the optimal working state is designed by balancing the contradiction points, and enabling one main inductor to be provided with a plurality of circuit components.

The main inductance shared power supply circuit can simultaneously provide voltage boosting and voltage reducing to realize flexible conversion of electric energy, namely conversion of electric energy under different currents, voltages and powers, and the specific application fields comprise, but are not limited to, an inverter, a converter, a frequency converter, a power supply charging module and the like.

The application provides a main inductance shared power circuit, which comprises n circuit components, a main inductance, a switch, a controller and an information acquisition module, wherein the n circuit components are connected with the main inductance; the circuit assembly includes: the transformer comprises a capacitor, a transformer and an output half-wave rectification module, wherein n is a natural number which is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 12;

The capacitor of the circuit component is connected with the primary winding end of the transformer in series, the secondary winding end of the transformer is an output end for providing electric energy, and one end of the secondary winding end of the transformer is connected with the output half-wave rectification module; the capacitor in each of the n circuit components and the primary winding of the transformer are connected in series, and the circuit components are connected in parallel.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the main inductance common power supply circuit includes a plurality of circuit components, and capacitors of the circuit components and primary winding ends of the transformer are connected in series, and secondary winding ends of the transformer are power output ends, wherein one end corresponding to one end of the primary winding ends, to which the capacitors are connected, is connected with the output half-wave rectification module.

One end of an input power supply is connected with one end of the main inductor, and the other end of the main inductor is connected with one end of each capacitor of the n circuit components and one end of the switch; and one end of the primary winding of each transformer of the n circuit components, which is not connected with the capacitor in series, is connected with the other end of the switch and the other end of the input power supply.

Referring to fig. 4, the main inductance common power supply circuit of this embodiment includes n circuit components, the circuit components are connected in parallel, and continuing to combine with fig. 3, taking the main inductance common power supply circuit including three circuit components as an example, specifically, the power supply circuit includes three circuit components A1, A2, A3, and a main inductance L, and a switch K, where the circuit component A1 includes a capacitor C1, a transformer T1, and a half-wave rectification module, the circuit component A2 includes a capacitor C2, a transformer T2, and a half-wave rectification module, and the circuit component A3 includes a capacitor C3, a transformer T3, and a half-wave rectification module.

Further, after the capacitor of each circuit component in the plurality of circuit components of the power supply circuit and the primary winding of the transformer are connected in series and then connected in parallel, referring to fig. 3, the power supply circuit comprises three circuit components A1, A2 and A3, wherein the capacitor C1 in the circuit component A1 is connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer T1, the capacitor C2 in the circuit component A2 is connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer T2, the capacitor C3 in the circuit component A3 is connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer T3, and after the primary windings of the transformers T1, T2 and T3 in the circuit components A1, A2 and A3 are connected in parallel with one end of the switch and connected into one end of the input power supply, the capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are connected in parallel with the connecting end of the main inductor L and the other end of the switch K; the other end of the main inductance L is connected with the other end of the input power supply.

In addition, the half-wave rectification module needs to be disposed at an output end of the secondary winding corresponding to an end of the primary winding connection capacitor of the transformer, for example, a T11 end and a T13 end in fig. 3.

The information acquisition module is used for acquiring information of the input end and/or the output end of the power supply circuit; the controller is connected with the information acquisition module and the switch, and is used for generating instruction information for controlling the duty ratio and the frequency of the switch according to the information acquired by the information acquisition module and the output requirement of the load on the power circuit, and controlling the switch to execute the instruction information.

In order to ensure the advantages of good stability, low cost and the like of the power circuit, the power conversion rate is higher, and the parameters of components in the power circuit are required to be determined.

Determining principle of component parameters in a power supply circuit: the determination of specific component parameters is related to the input voltage, the output voltage and the output power of the power supply circuit, and the maximum value of the input voltage, the maximum value of the output voltage and the output power of the power supply circuit unit are determined first, wherein the maximum value of the voltage refers to the effective value of the voltage in the case of alternating current, and the maximum value of the voltage refers to the maximum value of the input/output voltage range in the case of direct current. And determining capacitance parameters, inductance values of primary/secondary windings of the transformer, primary/secondary winding ratios, switching operating frequency ranges and the like in the power circuit unit according to the maximum value of the input voltage, the maximum value ratio of the output voltage and the output power of the power circuit unit.

Specifically, in practice, the inductance of the power circuit unit and the primary/secondary inductance parameters of the transformer need to be considered when determining:

when the parameters such as the working frequency/duty ratio of the switch, the primary side inductance of the transformer, the inductance of the inductor and the like are not changed, and the input voltage is increased, the primary side winding inductor of the transformer can store more energy during the switch on period, and the energy stored by the primary side winding inductor of the transformer is induced to the secondary side winding of the transformer during the switch off period, so that the output power of the power circuit unit can be increased; when the input voltage decreases, the output power of the power supply circuit unit can be reduced.

When the input voltage maximum value, the inductance of the inductor, the switching frequency/duty ratio and other parameters are not changed, and the primary side inductance of the transformer is reduced, more energy can be stored in the primary side inductance of the transformer during the switch on period, and the energy stored in the primary side inductance of the transformer is induced to the secondary side winding of the transformer during the switch off period, so that the output power of the power circuit unit can be increased; correspondingly, when the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is increased, the output power of the power circuit unit can be reduced; in the process of determining the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer, consideration is also needed, and when the energy stored in the primary winding of the transformer is too much, the transformer may be saturated, so that the electric energy conversion efficiency is reduced.

In practice, the conversion efficiency of a circuit can be affected by changing the number of turns ratio of primary side/secondary side windings of the transformer; specifically, when the input voltage, the switching frequency/duty ratio, the load resistance value, the primary winding inductance of the transformer, the inductance of the inductor and the like are determined, the number of turns of the secondary winding is increased or the number of turns of the primary winding is reduced, namely the ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding is reduced, so that the output voltage can be increased; correspondingly, the output voltage can be reduced by reducing the number of turns of the secondary winding or increasing the number of turns of the primary winding, namely increasing the primary/secondary winding proportion of the transformer; the parameters of the transformer are determined through the specific scene and the mode, so that the conversion efficiency of the power circuit unit can be effectively improved.

In practice, when the input voltage, the working frequency/duty ratio of the switch, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer and the like are determined, the inductance of the inductor is reduced, more energy can be stored in the inductor during the on period of the switch, the primary winding of the transformer is charged by the energy stored in the inductor during the off period of the switch, and then the primary winding of the transformer induces the energy to the secondary winding of the transformer, so that the output power of the power circuit unit can be increased; when the inductance of the inductor increases, the output power of the power supply circuit unit can be reduced.

The frequency range of the switch is determined taking into account: when the switching frequency is reduced under the condition that parameters of other components in the power circuit unit are unchanged, the energy storage time t for switching on the switch in a single period is prolonged, and the frequency f is reduced; during the closing of the switch, the energy stored in the inductor, the primary side of the transformer, increases and the output power of the power supply circuit unit increases. Accordingly, when the switching frequency is increased, the output power of the power supply circuit unit is reduced. In addition, as the switching frequency increases, the switch generates "switching loss" at the moment of turning on and off, and increasing the switching frequency increases the switching loss. Here, the conversion efficiency of the transformer needs to be considered, and the corresponding inductance is different and the conversion efficiency is different under different frequencies of different magnetic cores. Too low a frequency, for example, below 30K, may lead to saturation of the transformer, causing a decrease in conversion efficiency; too high a frequency, for example, above 500K, may cause a large change in the inductance of the transformer, reducing the conversion efficiency.

The process of determining the parameters of the capacitor, as previously described, stores energy during the off-period of the switch, and during the on-period of the switch, the capacitor resonates with the primary winding of the transformer, transferring the stored energy to the primary winding of the transformer. The capacity value of the capacitor is too small, so that the energy stored on the capacitor is insufficient during the working period, the output power of the power circuit unit is reduced, and the conversion efficiency is further reduced; when the input voltage is alternating current, the voltage of the capacitor cannot follow the change of the input voltage of the alternating current, so that the calculation is difficult in the power factor tracking process, and the electric energy conversion efficiency is reduced.

In one preferred embodiment, the power supply circuit inputs a voltage maximum value V _{Into (I)} And the maximum value V of the output voltage _{Out of} Is in the ratio of V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is larger than 200W, the parameter range of n capacitors of the n circuit components is 30nF-3 μf, the inductance range of n primary windings of the n transformers of the n circuit components is 10 μh-1000 μh, and the ratio range of primary windings/secondary windings of the n transformers is R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} ＝1∶5-5∶1。

Specifically, when n=1, the output power of the power supply circuit is greater than 200W, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage is 0.2-8.0, according to the above-mentioned parameter selection rule, when the parameter of the capacitor is less than 30nF, the voltage across the capacitor rises too fast in the off period of the switch, so that the voltage across the switch rises too fast, possibly damaging the switch, or a switch with higher withstand voltage must be used, increasing the cost of the switch, when the parameter of the capacitor is greater than 3 μf, the current of the primary winding inductance of the transformer rises too fast during the switch on, and when the switch is off, the voltage spike due to the leakage inductance of the transformer is too high, possibly damaging the switch, or a switch with higher withstand voltage must be used, thereby increasing the cost of the switch. When the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is smaller than 10 mu H, parameters of the transformer are difficult to balance, for example, the transformer is easy to saturate due to too few turns and cannot bear enough power; or the number of turns is enough, but the magnetic core air gap is too large, so that the magnetic leakage is serious, and the efficiency is reduced; when the primary side inductance of the transformer is larger than 1000 mu H, the energy storage period of the switch is conducted, the energy stored by the primary side inductance of the transformer is reduced, the frequency is reduced to bear enough power, and under the condition that the frequency is too low, the conversion efficiency of the transformer is low and the transformer is easy to saturate. When the primary side/secondary side winding ratio of the transformer is smaller than 1:5, the transformer is difficult to manufacture, leakage inductance of the secondary side winding of the transformer is easy to cause, and when the switch is conducted, the leakage inductance of the secondary side winding causes huge oscillation of current of the switch, so that the efficiency is obviously reduced; when the primary winding/secondary winding ratio of the transformer is larger than 5:1, the transformer manufacturing process is difficult, leakage inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is easy to cause, and when a switch is disconnected, the leakage inductance of the primary winding causes huge voltage oscillation at two ends of the switch, so that the switch can be damaged, or a switch with higher withstand voltage is required to be selected, and the cost of the switch can be increased.

Specifically, when n=1, in this embodiment, the parameters of the inductor in the power circuit are further determined according to the above parameter selection principle, and since the electric energy is dynamically distributed between the main inductor and the primary winding of the transformer according to the inductance value and the magnitude relation of the inductance value of the primary winding of the transformer during the operation of the power circuit, the main inductance parameter needs to have a relatively wide range, specifically 1 μh-10mH. When the main inductance stores more energy to participate in more energy transfer, the parameter value can be set smaller, and the parameter range can be set to be 1 mu H-100 mu H; when the energy transmission is not participated or the energy transmission is less, the parameter value can be set larger, and the parameter range can be set to be 2mH-10mH.

Further, the following situations need to be considered when determining the specific value of the main inductance parameter:

if the inductance of the primary inductor is selected to be near the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer, by way of example and not limitation: the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer and the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer are designed to be 10 mu H-30 mu H, so that the energy stored by the primary winding of the transformer and the primary winding of the transformer are consistent in the energy storage period of switch conduction; meanwhile, the requirement is put forward on the magnetic core material of the main inductor, the loss of the selected magnetic core in the energy storage and transmission processes needs to be carefully tested, the saturation of the inductor is avoided, and the induction cost can be possibly increased.

If the inductance of the primary inductor is much greater than the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer, by way of example and not limitation: the inductance of the main inductor is designed to be 800 mu H-1000 mu H, the inductance of the transformer is designed to be 10 mu H, and the primary side of the transformer is mainly used for storing energy in the energy storage period. The advantage of doing so is, reduce the transmission of inductance can, save inductance magnetic core cost.

The inductance of the main inductor is set to be much lower than the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer, by way of example and not limitation: the inductance of the main inductor is designed to be 10 muh, and the inductance of the transformer is designed to be 1000 muh, which can lead to the energy storage of the main inductor exceeding the primary side of the transformer during the energy storage period. The inductance of the main inductor and the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer are set to be larger, and the method is not limited: the inductance of the main inductor is designed to be 100 mu-1000 mu H, and the inductance of the transformer is designed to be 100 mu-1000 mu H, so that the switching frequency is required to be set in a very low range to output power of more than 200W, the saturation of the transformer and the main inductor is easy to cause, and very high requirements are set for parameters of the transformer and the main inductor. In practice, the power supply circuit of the scheme has lower electric energy conversion efficiency.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the operating frequency of the switch is related to a variety of parameters. Under the condition that parameters such as the primary winding inductance of the transformer, the inductance of the main inductor, the switching duty ratio, the input voltage, the load and the like are unchanged. The working frequency of the switch is reduced, and the output power of the power supply circuit is improved; increasing the operating frequency of the switch reduces the output power of the power supply circuit. It should be noted that too low a switching frequency, which is prone to saturation of the inductor and the transformer, will result in increased switching losses. Specifically, the switching frequency needs to be dynamically adjusted in real time according to the fluctuation condition of the input voltage and the dynamic requirement of the output voltage.

Further, in the process of dynamically boosting and reducing voltage according to output requirements of the power supply circuit, the values of the duty ratio and the frequency of the switch are required to be calculated and adjusted in real time, and in the process of realizing power factor tracking of the power supply circuit, the duty ratio and the frequency of the switch are adjusted so that the actual input current approaches the target input current which is synchronous with the input voltage and appears as regular change of the input voltage in real time, so that the working frequency range of the switch is required to be dynamically adjusted while the power factor tracking is required to be satisfied, and in particular, the range is about 30K-500K.

In summary, when n=1, when the output power of the power supply circuit is greater than 200W, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage is 0.2-8, the parameter of the capacitor is set to be 30nF-3 μf, the primary side inductance of the transformer is 10 μh-1000 μh, the inductance parameter range is 1 μh-10mH, the primary side/secondary side winding ratio of the transformer is 1:5-5:1, the electric energy conversion rate of the power supply circuit can reach more than 96%, the electric energy conversion rate can reach more than 98% in certain specific scenes, compared with the prior art, the electric energy conversion rate is higher, meanwhile, the power supply circuit only uses few components, the ultrahigh electric energy conversion rate is realized under the condition of lower cost, and dynamic boosting and reducing can be realized according to the requirement of a load.

In one preferred embodiment, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is 200W-1000W, the inductance of the primary windings of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 10 mu H to 1000 mu H, and the ratio of the primary windings to the secondary windings of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:5-1:1; the parameter range of the n capacitors of the n circuit components is 100nF-3 mu F.

Specifically, when n=1, the embodiment provides a parameter range of the power supply circuit output power of 200W-1000W, and when the ratio of the calculated input voltage value to the calculated output voltage value is 0.2-1.0, the corresponding capacitance, primary winding of the transformer, and primary and secondary winding ratio of the transformer in the power supply circuit components. According to the parameter determination principle and process, under the condition that the specific input voltage maximum value, the specific output voltage maximum value and the specific output power are determined, the specific parameters of the corresponding components are selected and determined within the parameter range of the corresponding components provided by the embodiment so as to meet the power factor tracking, and the dynamic adjustment of the voltage boosting and the voltage reducing required by the output end is realized, the electric energy conversion rate can reach more than 98%, the specific parameter experimental data and the test result are shown in the examples 1-4 in the table 1, and under the condition that the power circuit components have the same functions and the same electric energy conversion rate as those of the prior art, the power circuit components are obviously fewer than those of the circuit in the prior art, the energy loss is fewer, the cost is lower, and the circuit stability is stronger.

By way of example, and not limitation, when n=1, the maximum value of the input voltage of the power supply circuit is 50V, the maximum value of the output voltage is about 250V, and the output power is 200W, the main inductance parameter is designed to be about 10 μ -1mH, the primary winding inductance parameter of the transformer is set to be about 10 μ -1mH, the capacitance parameter is set to be about 500nF-3000nF, the primary/secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to be about 1:2-1:5, and the corresponding electric energy conversion rate is at least 97% according to the above parameter design principle.

Specifically, when n=1, in this embodiment, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to be 10 μh, or the inductance of the main inductor is set to be about 10 μh, because the energy stored in the main inductor and the energy stored in the primary winding of the transformer are low each time in the energy storage period under the condition of 50V input voltage, so that the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is greatly reduced, or the inductance of the main inductor is greatly reduced, so that the primary winding of the transformer and the main inductor store enough energy in the energy storage period, and the power supply circuit provides enough power for the output end or the connected load. However, if the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is continuously reduced, or the inductance of the main inductor is continuously reduced, the exciting current of the transformer is greatly increased, so that the conversion efficiency is greatly reduced.

In this embodiment, n=1, and the primary/secondary winding inductance ratio of the transformer is in the range of about 1:2 to 1:5. Since the maximum input voltage is only 50V, if a 1:1 transformer is used, the duty cycle of the switch operation needs to be increased to increase the output voltage. The required output voltage is 300V, and the duty ratio is increased to more than 70%, so that the output voltage of about 300V can be obtained, and the loss is reduced too much in the on-state of the switch, so that the conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit is low. The booster transformer with the primary side/secondary side winding inductance ratio range of 1:2-1:5 is adopted, so that the duty ratio of a switch can be effectively reduced, and the electric energy conversion efficiency is improved.

Because the input voltage is relatively low, the capacitance needs to be relatively large, so that enough energy can be stored in the primary winding of the transformer in the energy storage period. If the capacitance parameter is set below 500nF, when the output voltage changes dynamically, the situation that the energy stored in the capacitor is insufficient and the efficiency is reduced occurs at part of the power points. If the capacitance is set to 3000nF or more, it is observed that a large voltage spike is generated during the switching off of the switch, and a switch with better withstand voltage is required, which increases the cost.

In practice, when n=1, the switching element is selected, and is also related to the working frequency setting of the switch, the highest frequency suggestion is limited to 150K for a common silicon-based MOS tube; the highest frequency suggestion of the silicon carbide MOS tube is limited to 250K; IGBT switching tube, highest frequency suggestion limit 40K; gallium nitride Mos tubes, the highest frequency recommended is limited to 500K. The switch of this embodiment is a general withstand voltage 150V high frequency switch on the market, for example, a high frequency switch with model number NCEP15T14, and the corresponding switching frequency range is: 50K-200K.

When n=1, the maximum value of the input voltage is 300V, the maximum value of the output voltage is about 300V, and the output power is 1000W, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to about 60 muh-1 mH, the capacitance parameter is set to about 100nF-500nF, the primary/secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to about 1:1, and the electric energy conversion rate of the corresponding power supply circuit is at least 98% at this time.

Specifically, for example, but not limited to, when n=1, the input is 300V dc, the output is about 300V peak ac, the output power of the power supply circuit is 1000W, the maximum value of the input voltage and the maximum value of the output voltage are about 1:1, the inductance and the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer are selected to be relatively large, for example, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to 60 μh, and the inductance of the primary inductor is set to 1mH. Since the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage is 1, the primary side/secondary side inductance of the transformer used is about 1:1. Under the condition that the primary side/secondary side ratio of the transformer is close, the transformer processing technology can save cost, and leakage inductance is easy to control.

In the application scenario of this embodiment, when n=1, a capacitor smaller than 100nF is selected, which may occur in an energy storage period when the switch is closed, where the capacitor cannot provide enough energy to the primary winding of the transformer, resulting in a decrease in the conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit; the capacitor with the capacitance larger than 500nF is selected, when the primary winding inductance of the transformer is charged in the energy storage period of the switch closing, the charging current is easy to be large, and when the switch is opened, the primary leakage inductance of the transformer generates a voltage spike, so that a switch with higher withstand voltage is required to be selected, and the cost is increased.

In this embodiment, by way of example and not limitation, when n=1, the maximum input voltage is 300V, the maximum output voltage is about 300V, and the output power is 1000W, the primary winding of the transformer is set to about 60 μh-1mH, the capacitance parameter is set to about 100nF-500nF, and the primary/secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to about 1:1, and the corresponding power conversion rate is at least 98% according to the above-described parameter design principle.

In this embodiment, for example, but not limited to, the embodiment can be applied in the solar photovoltaic field, when n=1, the input is 300V dc, the output is about 300V peak ac, the output power of the power circuit is 1000W, the maximum value of the input voltage and the maximum value of the output voltage are about 1:1, and the inductance of the primary winding of the primary inductor and the transformer are relatively larger. Less inductance will result in a decrease in power conversion efficiency. In practice, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to be 60 mu H, and the inductance of the main inductor is set to be 1mH, so that the electric energy conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit can reach 98% and above.

At the same time, the energy storage of the energy storage period may be selectively divided between the transformer and the main inductance. The primary side of the transformer stores more energy in an open-close energy storage period, and the primary inductance is smaller in proportion. The inductance of the main inductor is reduced, the inductance of the transformer is improved, the energy stored by the primary side of the transformer in the closed energy storage period of the open light pipe is less in proportion, and the main inductor is more in proportion.

In the application scenario of this embodiment, when n=1, the capacitance parameter is about 100nF-500 nF; in practice, the capacitor less than 100nF has too little energy in the capacitor in the energy storage period of the switch closing, and cannot provide enough energy for the primary winding of the transformer, so that the electric energy conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit is reduced; the capacitor with the capacitance larger than 500nF stores too much energy in the energy storage period of the switch closing, charges the primary winding inductance of the transformer, easily causes large charging current, and at the moment of switch opening, the primary leakage inductance of the transformer generates a voltage spike, so that a switch with higher withstand voltage needs to be selected, and the cost is increased.

In this embodiment, when n=1, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage is 1, and therefore the primary/secondary inductance of the transformer used is about 1:1. Under the condition that the primary side/secondary side ratio of the transformer is close, the transformer processing technology can save cost, and leakage inductance is easy to control.

In one preferred embodiment, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is 1000W-2000W, the primary inductance of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 30 mu H to 1000 mu H, and the primary/secondary winding ratio of the n transformers rangesIs R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:2-2:1; the n capacitance parameters of the n circuit components range from 50nF to 3 μf.

Specifically, when n=1, the embodiment provides a parameter range of the power supply circuit output power of 1000W-2000W, and when the ratio of the calculated input voltage value to the calculated output voltage value is 0.5-1.5, the corresponding capacitor, primary winding of the transformer and primary and secondary winding ratio of the transformer in the power supply circuit components. According to the parameter determination principle and process, under the condition that the specific input voltage maximum value, the specific output voltage maximum value and the specific output power are determined, the specific parameters of the corresponding components are selected and determined within the parameter range of the corresponding components provided by the embodiment so as to meet the requirements of power factor tracking, and the dynamic adjustment of voltage boosting and voltage reducing according to the requirements of an output end, the electric energy conversion rate can reach more than 97%, even more than 98%, the specific parameter experimental data and test results are shown in the embodiments 5-7 in the table 1, and compared with the prior art, the power circuit component is obviously less than the components of the circuit in the prior art, less in energy loss, lower in cost and higher in circuit stability.

By way of example and not limitation, when n=1, the input voltage is 220V sine wave, that is, the maximum value of the input voltage is about 311V, the maximum value of the output voltage is about 200V, and the output power is 2000W, according to the above parameter design principle, the inductance range of the primary winding of the transformer is set to about 30 μh-1mH, the capacitance parameter range is set to about 500nF-3000nF, the ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the transformer is set to about 2:1, the electric energy conversion rate of the power circuit can be up to 97% or more, and the power circuit has fewer components, less energy loss, higher stability and more energy saving as compared with the prior art.

By way of example and not limitation, when n=1, the input voltage is 380V sine wave, i.e., the maximum value of the input voltage is about 540V, the maximum value of the output voltage is about 1000V, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage is about 0.5, and the output power is 1000W, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to about 150 μh-1mH, the capacitance parameter is set to about 50nF-500nF, the ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the transformer is set to about 1:2, and the corresponding power conversion rate is at least 98%.

Specifically, when n=1, in this embodiment, when the output voltage is 1000V, the output voltage is too high, and if a 1:1 transformer is used, the output voltage is induced to the primary side of the transformer, and the capacitor voltage is superimposed, so that the withstand voltage of the switch is too high, and the switch is damaged. When the transformer with the ratio of 1:2 is used and the light is turned off, after 1000V of output voltage induces the primary side, the primary side voltage is only 500V, and after the capacitor voltage is overlapped, the withstand voltage of the switch in the turn-off period is greatly reduced, the selection space of the switch is increased, and the cost is greatly reduced. Therefore, the primary/secondary winding ratio of the transformer is required to be 1:2, so that the working duty ratio of the switch can be greatly reduced, and the electric energy conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit is improved. Meanwhile, the output voltage of 1000V is converted to the primary side through a transformer with the primary side and the secondary side of 1:2, so that the withstand voltage during the turn-off period of the switching tube can be greatly reduced, the selection space of the switching tube is increased, and the cost is greatly reduced.

In one preferred embodiment, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is 1000W-2000W, the primary inductance of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 50 mu H to 250 mu H, and the primary/secondary winding ratio of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} =2:1-5:1; the n capacitance parameters of the n circuit components range from 200nF to 800nF.

In this embodiment, when n=1, the input voltage is, by way of example and not limitation, a sine wave of 220V, that is, the maximum value of the input voltage is about 311V, the maximum value of the output voltage is about 40V, and the output power is 1000W, according to the above parameter design principle, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to about 150 μh-250 μh, the capacitance parameter is set to about 200nF-500nF, the primary/secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to about 5:1, and the corresponding power conversion rate is at least 96%, and the experimental data and test results of specific parameters are shown in examples 8-9 in table 1. Compared with the prior art, the power circuit has fewer components and less energy loss under the conditions of the same functions and the same electric energy conversion rate, and has lower cost and stronger circuit stability.

Specifically, when n=1, in this embodiment, the output voltage is only 40V, and the output half-wave rectification module may use a switching device instead of a diode. Under the condition of low voltage, the output current is large, and a switching element with relatively low internal resistance needs to be selected.

In this case, the output voltage is only 40V, and a switching device can be used to replace a diode for output half-wave rectification. When selecting a switching element to replace a diode, care should be taken:

the first and power supply circuit switches on the energy storage period, the input voltage is converted to the secondary side of the transformer through a transformer with the ratio of 5:1, the output voltage is 40V, the voltage resistance of a selected switching element is about 311V/5+40V, which is needed to be equal to the voltage resistance of a switching element for half-wave rectification instead of a switching element for switching on a diode, and the voltage resistance of the selected switching element exceeds the value.

In the second, low voltage condition, the output current is large, and a switching element with relatively low internal resistance needs to be selected.

The switching period with fixed internal resistance can be adopted, the total internal resistance is reduced in a mode of parallel operation of a plurality of switching periods, and the conversion efficiency of output half-wave rectification can be effectively improved. Thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the whole circuit unit.

In this embodiment, when n=1, the input voltage is, by way of example and not limitation, a sinusoidal wave of 380V, i.e., the maximum value of the input voltage is about 540V, the maximum value of the output voltage is about 100V, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage is about 5:1, and the output power is 2000W, the primary winding inductance of the transformer is set to about 50 μh to 150 μh, the capacitance parameter is set to about 400nF to 800nF, the primary/secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to about 2:1, and the corresponding power conversion rate is at least 97% according to the above-mentioned parameter design principle. Under the conditions of the same functions and the same electric energy conversion rate as the prior art, the number of components of the power circuit is far smaller than that of products of the same type in the market, the cost is far lower than that of products in the market, and the circuit stability is higher.

The embodiment is a case where the input voltage of the power supply circuit is high, the output voltage is low, and the output current is high. In practice, when n=1, if a 1:1 transformer is used, the switching duty ratio may be too small and the frequency is too low, resulting in low conversion efficiency of the transformer, and further, the overall power conversion efficiency of the power supply circuit is reduced. The transformer with the ratio of 2:1-3:1 can be used for well solving the problem and improving the conversion efficiency of the circuit. At this time, it should be noted that the primary leakage inductance of the transformer from 2:1 to 3:1 increases, and if the primary leakage inductance is too large, a voltage spike is generated at the moment of switching off the switch, which results in damage to the switch, or a switch with higher withstand voltage needs to be used, which increases the cost. It is suggested that copper foil is used as primary and secondary side coils, and primary and secondary sides are wound in parallel to manufacture the transformer, so that leakage inductance of the primary and secondary sides of the transformer is reduced.

In this embodiment, the output voltage is only 100V, and it is recommended to use a switching element instead of a diode to perform output half-wave rectification, and it is considered to use a switching assembly in which a plurality of switching elements are connected in parallel to switch the power supply circuit, so as to reduce the conduction loss.

In one preferred embodiment, the ratio of the maximum value of the input voltage to the maximum value of the output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} ∶V _{Out of} When the output power is 2000W-10000W, the primary side inductance of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 50 mu H to 250 mu H, and the primary side/secondary side winding ratio of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} ∶R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:1-2:1; the n capacitance parameter values of the n circuit components range from 200nF to 800nF.

In this embodiment, when n=1, by way of example and not limitation, the input voltage is 600V-1000V, the output voltage is 220V-380V, and the output power is 2000W-10000W, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is set to about 50 μh-250 μh, the capacitance parameter is set to about 100nF-800nF, the primary and secondary winding ratio of the transformer is set to about 1:1-2:1, and the corresponding electric energy conversion rate is 96% or more, and the experimental data and test results of specific parameters are detailed in example 10 in table 1. The inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is lower than 50 mu H, which may cause the frequency of the switching tube to be too high, and switching tubes such as IGBT and the like cannot be used, thereby increasing the cost; above 250 muh, the whole circuit may not output enough power or the switch may need to be operated at an extremely low frequency, reducing the transformer conversion efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the power supply circuit has the advantages that under the condition of equal power and equal efficiency, the number of components of the power supply circuit is far smaller than that of circuit products in the prior art, and the cost is far lower than that of the circuit products in the prior art.

The 1 power supply circuit of the main inductor sharing power supply circuit comprises 1 main inductor and n circuit components, through the arrangement of n, the power supply circuit has expandability, can be suitable for more scenes, provides wider output voltage, has higher electric energy conversion rate compared with the power supply circuit with n=1, and can be concretely seen from specific experimental data corresponding to embodiments 1 to 4 in table 2, wherein n is determined as follows:

when the value of n is smaller, the number of transformers is smaller, and the power required to be carried by a single transformer is larger; at this time, when the number of transformers is small, the cost is low. It should be noted that the transformer primary winding current is too large, which may cause the transformer to heat, the transformer heat dissipation is difficult, and the electric energy conversion efficiency is reduced. In practice, the situations of low conversion efficiency, transformer heating and the like occur, and the number of n can be considered to be increased.

When the value of n is larger, the number of transformers is larger, and the power required to be carried by a single transformer is smaller; at this time, under the proper setting condition, the transformer generates heat and disperses to a plurality of points, and the primary side current of a single transformer is smaller, so that the electric energy conversion efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the transformers can be flexibly connected in series and in parallel, and the output voltage range of the whole power circuit is improved.

However, it should be noted that increasing the value of n, which increases the number of transformers, may bring about higher costs and may also make the whole product larger in volume. In view of the manufacturing process of the transformer, there may be a difference in inductance of primary windings of the plurality of transformers in the plurality of circuit components. These differences will make it practically impossible for the primary currents of multiple transformers to equalize. At the switching off moment of the power circuit, a plurality of capacitors in a plurality of circuit components are charged and discharged mutually, so that the current of the switch is unstable.

In practice, n is less than or equal to 12, in the experimental process, under the condition of n=12, namely 12 transformers are provided with one inductance belt, the primary side current of the transformers can be seen to continuously change in the working period, the switching current is large and small, the stability of the whole circuit is weaker, under the condition that the switching performance cannot be ensured, the possibility of damaging the switch exists, but the electric energy conversion rate of 97.19% can still be reached, and the details are shown in the embodiment 4 in the table 2; in the case of n > 12, the power supply circuit is less stable.

In practice, the problem that the heat of the transformer is difficult to treat, such as the problem that the coil heats and the magnetic core heats in a high-power scene, is encountered. The logic common to the main inductors of the present application may be used in this case to split the high power transformer into 2 or more transformers to dissipate heat.

In one embodiment, the input voltage is 380V AC, the output voltage is 300V DC, the power is 4000W, the main inductance parameter is 800 mu H, the inductance of the primary winding of the transformer is 50 mu H, the transformer core is EE55 core, and the capacitance value is 300nF. In the actual working process, a 20W fan is adopted to blow against the full power of the transformer, the transformer is fully loaded for 10 minutes, and the temperature of the transformer coil is raised to 150 ℃.

By using the main inductance shared power supply circuit, the input voltage is 380V alternating current, the output voltage is 300V direct current, the power is 4000W, and the main inductance parameter is 800 mu H. A main inductor is provided with 2 circuit components, 2 transformers select EE51 magnetic cores, the inductance of primary windings of the 2 transformers select 100 mu H, the capacitance of the 2 capacitors select 200nF, a 20W fan is adopted to blow against the full power of the transformers, the full load is operated for 10 minutes, and the temperature of the transformer coil is only increased to 73 ℃. Therefore, the main inductor sharing technology disclosed by the patent can well solve the problem of difficult heat dissipation of the transformer.

In practice, the problem that the output voltage is much higher than the input voltage, so that the electric energy conversion efficiency is low or the switching withstand voltage exceeds the upper limit is solved effectively by adopting the main inductor sharing power supply circuit to split the transformer into a plurality of transformers and connecting the output ends of the transformers in series.

In a specific embodiment, under the conditions that the input voltage is 380V of alternating current, the output voltage is 1000V of direct current and the power is 2000W, the main inductance parameter is set to be 0.8mH, the primary inductance winding of the transformer is 70 mu H, and the capacitance value is 200nF; in this case, during the off period of the switch of the power supply circuit, the voltage across the switch may rise to 1500V or more, and a switch having a high withstand voltage needs to be selected. Meanwhile, the voltage boost is too high, the duty ratio is too large, and the duty cycle is generally larger than 65% in the working period, so that the electric energy conversion efficiency is 94.3%.

The main inductance of the application is utilized to share the power supply circuit, under the condition that the input voltage is 380V of alternating current, the output voltage is 1000V of direct current and the power is 2000W, the main inductance parameter is set to be 0.8mH, one main inductance is provided with 2 circuit components, the primary side inductance of 2 transformers is set to be 150 mu H, the capacitance value of 2 capacitors is selected to be 200nF, a single transformer is set to output 500V, after the diode output ends of the secondary sides of the transformers are connected in series, the voltage at two sides of the switch of the power supply circuit is reduced to 1050V in the turn-off period, the power supply circuit can provide 1000V of output voltage, and the efficiency is 97.4%.

In one preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 3 in combination with fig. 4, when the switch is in a closed state in the power circuit, the input power, the main inductor and the switch form a loop and charge the main inductor; the capacitor, which is connected in series with each circuit component in the n circuit components, and the primary winding inductance of the transformer and the switch form n LC oscillating loops;

When the switch is in an off state, an input power supply, a main inductor, a capacitor and a primary winding of a transformer, which are mutually connected in series, form n LLC oscillation loops, the input power supply and the charged main inductor charge the n capacitors of the n circuit components, and simultaneously, the variable current induces energy from the primary windings of the n transformers to the secondary windings.

In this embodiment, taking the main inductance common power supply circuit as an example, the circuit formed in the working process of the main inductance common power supply circuit includes three circuit components: the circuit (1) [ input power supply+main inductance L+capacitance C1+transformer TI source ], the circuit (2) [ input power supply+main inductance L+capacitance C2+transformer T2 source ], the circuit (3) [ input power supply+main inductance L+capacitance C3+transformer T3 source ], the circuit (4) [ input power supply+main inductance L+switch K ], the circuit (5) [ capacitance C1+switch K+transformer T1 source ], the circuit (6) [ capacitance C2+switch K+transformer T2 source ], the circuit (7) [ capacitance C3+switch K+transformer T3 source ].

Specifically, the controller controls the frequency and duty cycle of opening and closing the switch K according to the requirement of the power supply circuit for providing the power output terminal with the power. When the switch K is in an off state, the input power supply, the main inductor L and the circuit component A1 form a loop (1), the input power supply, the main inductor L and the circuit component A2 form a loop (2), the input power supply, the main inductor L and the circuit component A3 form a loop (3), at this time, the main inductor L charges the capacitors in the circuit components A1, A2 and A3 through the loop (1), the loop (2) and the loop (3) respectively, and meanwhile, the variable current induces energy from the primary winding of the transformer T1/T2/T3 to the secondary winding, namely, the variable current is equivalent to the three circuit components of the main inductor L, the primary winding A1, the primary inductor A2 and the primary winding of the transformer A3 to form three LLC oscillation loops (1), (2) and (3).

When the switch K is in a closed state, the switch K forms a new loop (4) with the input power supply and the main inductor L, and the input power supply charges the main inductor L through the loop (4); the capacitor C1 of the circuit component A1, the switch K and the primary winding inductance of the transformer T1 form a loop (5), the capacitor C2 of the circuit component A2, the switch K and the primary winding inductance of the transformer T2 form a loop (6), and the capacitor C3 of the circuit component A3, the switch K and the primary winding inductance of the transformer T3 form a loop (7).

Further, the power supply circuit disclosed in this embodiment discharges the capacitor C1 and the primary winding of the transformer T1, the capacitor C2 and the primary winding of the transformer T2, and the capacitor C3 and the primary winding of the transformer T3 of the three circuit components A1, A2 and A3 after the main inductor L is charged by controlling the working state of the switch K, so that the primary windings of the transformers T1, T2 and T3 obtain energy and sense the energy to the secondary windings of the transformers T1, T2 and T3, and further outputs the electric energy. The frequency and the duty ratio of the switch K are controlled to control the charge/discharge time of the main inductor L and the charge/discharge time of the primary winding inductor of the transformer in each circuit component, and further control the electric energy output by the secondary winding of the transformer in each circuit component.

Specifically, the detailed operation procedure of the power supply circuit disclosed in this embodiment is as follows:

when the switch K is closed, the input power supply charges the main inductor L, the main inductor L stores energy, the switch K is disconnected instantly, the current at the two ends of the main inductor L cannot be suddenly changed, a high voltage is generated, electric energy is transmitted through three loops (1), (2) and (3) formed by the switch K and the three circuit components after the switch K is disconnected, and the main inductor L charges the capacitor C1 in the circuit component A1, the capacitor C2 in the circuit component A2 and the capacitor C3 in the circuit component A3 respectively, meanwhile, the primary winding current of the transformer generates larger change, and energy is induced to the secondary winding of the transformer. At this time, the voltage of the input power supply plus the voltage of the main inductance L is equal to the voltage of the capacitor plus the primary winding inductance of the transformer in each of the circuit components A1, A2 and A3, namely: v (V) _{Input power supply} +V _L ＝V _C1 +VT _{1 original 1} ＝V _C2 +VT _{2 original} ＝V _C3 +V _{T3 antigen} The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At this time, in the loops (1), (2) and (3), the main inductor and the power supply charge the capacitor C1/C2/C3, and in the charging process, the current in the primary winding of the T1/T2/T3 transformer generates great change, and the transformers of the three circuit components induce electric energy to the secondary winding thereof, and the secondary winding outputs the electric energy to the electric energy supply output end through the half-wave rectification module to supply the electric energy to the load.

When the switch K is turned from the open state to the closed state, the power supply circuit forms four new loops (4), (5), (6) and (7).

When the switch K is turned from an open state to be closed, the capacitors C1, C2 and C3 in the three circuit components are respectively charged by primary sides of the transformers T1, T2 and T3 through the loops (5), (6) and (7), the capacitor C1 in the (5) th loop is charged by primary side windings of the transformer T1, the capacitor C2 in the (6) th loop is charged by primary side windings of the transformer T2, the capacitor C3 in the (7) th loop is charged by primary side windings of the transformer T3, and at the moment, the capacitors and the primary side windings of the transformers in the corresponding loops (5), (6) and (7) in the three circuit components are equivalent to form a resonant loop, so that the electric energy of the loop is maintained; and meanwhile, after the switch K is in a closed state, the main inductor L is charged by the input power of the (4) th loop, and the main inductor L stores energy next time. The capacitors C1, C2 and C3 store energy next time.

The working principle of the power supply circuit including other circuit components is substantially the same as the working principle and process including the three circuit components, and is not described herein.

In one preferred embodiment, when the electric energy provided by the input power source to the main inductor sharing power circuit is a periodically fluctuating voltage, for example, a periodic sine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, a trapezoidal wave and the like, the main inductor is matched with a switch working state in the power circuit to simultaneously realize power factor tracking and dynamic adjustment of boosting and/or reducing voltage required by corresponding output.

Specifically, when the electric energy provided by the input power supply to the main inductance shared power supply circuit is periodically fluctuating voltage, the main inductance of the power supply circuit is matched with the working state of the switch, and the power factor tracking is realized in the power supply circuit, and the working principle is as follows:

when the input power supply is periodically ac input, the voltage period T ' of the input main inductor after the input power supply is rectified is set to a first time interval [ if the input power supply is dc, the voltage period T ' of the input power supply is directly set to the first time interval without rectification ], and the input voltage is continuously changed in the first time interval T '. Because the main inductor is characterized by not allowing current to suddenly change according to the parameter characteristics, the controller controls the time period interval corresponding to the switching frequency of the switch K to be a second time interval T'; under the condition that the second time interval T 'is smaller than the voltage period T' of the input main inductor by a plurality of orders, in the range of the voltage period T ', the switching K is completed hundreds or thousands of times, namely, in the process that the input power supply provides the change from the trough to the crest in the voltage period T', the on/off switching frequency of the switching K is higher, for the working process of the working state control power supply circuit through the switching K, the voltage of the input power supply is not changed greatly locally, basically the voltage can be regarded as unchanged, namely, the input power supply voltage corresponding to the switching K before and after the switching K is regarded as unchanged, simultaneously, under the condition that the first time interval T 'comprises a plurality of second time intervals T', namely, when the input voltage is obviously changed, the main inductor L is subjected to a plurality of charging and discharging processes through the control of the switching K, namely, the main inductor L is completed in the working process, the loop (1) is input into the power supply +L+ circuit component An, the loop (2) is input into the power supply +L+ circuit component and the loop (2) is input into the main inductor, the power supply +L+ circuit is input into the power supply, the power supply is smoothly carried out through the loop (3) and the power supply is input into the power supply, the power supply is smoothly and the power supply is supplied to the power supply through the power supply, even though the power supply is smoothly is not input into the power supply, the power supply is smoothly fluctuated through the loop, and the power supply is smoothly input into the power component, and the power supply is smoothly has a circuit is smoothly input into the power supply, even through the power supply has a circuit has a low voltage has a low voltage has a high voltage.

In the embodiment, the main inductor can realize power factor tracking in the power supply circuit, which means that the main inductor can fully utilize partial electric energy with low input voltage of the input power supply, and ensures that the power factor of the power supply circuit can exceed 99%.

Specifically, the main inductor of the power supply circuit can realize the dynamic working process of boosting and reducing according to the specific conditions of input voltage and output voltage required by the load of the power supply circuit and the working state of the switch K while realizing the power factor tracking, and the specific boosting/reducing process and principle are as follows:

when the voltage provided by the power circuit is insufficient and cannot meet the load requirement, and the voltage needs to be boosted, the controller controls the switch K to increase the duty ratio of the switch K, or reduces the working frequency of the switch K, namely increases the charging time of the main inductor L and the primary winding of the transformer, and when the switch is disconnected, more electric energy is induced to the secondary winding of the transformer T so as to realize the voltage boosting. Further, if the voltage provided by the power circuit is higher, when the voltage needs to be reduced, the controller controls the switch K, reduces the duty ratio of the switch K and/or improves the working frequency of the switch K, and reduces the charging time of the primary winding of the transformer and the main inductance L, so that the electric energy transmitted to the secondary winding of the transformer is reduced, and the voltage reduction is realized.

Here, when the period interval t″ corresponding to the operating frequency of the switch K is integrally higher than the voltage period T 'provided by the input power supply, that is, T "> T', the frequency and the duty ratio of the switch K are adjusted, and the charge and discharge time of the main inductor is further adjusted to achieve voltage boosting/reducing, specifically, the magnitude of the voltage period T 'provided by the input power supply can be set according to the specific condition of the input power supply, and further, if the input power supply is an alternating current with periodically changed voltage, for example, a power frequency sine wave alternating current, the frequency is 50HZ, the corresponding period is 20ms, and after passing through the rectifier bridge, the formed pulsating direct current is corresponding to T' =10 ms; if the input power supply is voltage variation and has no obvious periodicity, the value of T' can be set in a period similar to the variation period of sine wave alternating current, and the specific setting mode only needs to meet the requirements described above, so that the scheme of the application can be realized.

Specifically, referring to fig. 7, the main inductor is matched with a switch working state in the power circuit to realize power factor tracking and corresponding output required boosting and/or reducing, and the specific working process is as follows:

Step S2, comparing the obtained current actual output power with the target output power required by the access load:

step S3, according to the comparison result of the current actual output power and the target output power, the input current peak value (I_in_peak) is adjusted at high frequency;

step S4, determining a target input current value [ I target input current value=i input current peak value ] with high frequency according to the input current peak value [ i_in_peak ] and the currently input phase information [ current input voltage/input voltage peak value ];

Specifically, the main inductance shared power supply circuit has high stability, expandability, low cost of the same electric energy conversion rate and good performance. The power supply circuit can also realize the functions of boosting, reducing voltage, tracking power factor under the condition of alternating current input, and the like. In addition, the power supply circuit has the advantages that the electric energy conversion rate of the power supply circuit can reach 98% or even more than 98% by setting the parameters of components in the power supply circuit, and compared with the prior art, the power supply circuit has lower cost and better circuit stability.

In one preferred embodiment, the power supply circuit further includes an input capacitor, one end of the input capacitor is connected to one end of the main inductor and one end of the input power supply, and the other end of the input capacitor is connected to the ground terminal of the switch and the other end of the input power supply; when the maximum power value of the power supply circuit which can be input currently is unknown, the power supply circuit realizes maximum power point tracking and simultaneously realizes dynamic adjustment and isolation of rising/falling of output voltage according to output requirements.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment in which the power circuit includes 2 circuit components, a loop formed in the working process of the power circuit disclosed in this embodiment includes: the circuit (1) [ input power supply parallel input capacitance+inductance l+circuit component A1 (capacitance c1+transformer T1) ], the circuit (1) '[ input power supply parallel input capacitance+inductance l+circuit component A2 (capacitance c2+transformer T2) ], the circuit (2) [ input power supply parallel input capacitance+inductance l+switch K) ], the circuit (3) [ circuit component A1 (capacitance c1+transformer T1) +switch K ], the circuit (3)' [ circuit component A2 (capacitance c2+transformer T2) +switch K ], and the circuit (4) [ input power supply+input capacitance ].

Further, the detailed working procedure of the power supply circuit disclosed in this embodiment is as follows: when the switch K is closed, the input power supply is connected in parallel, the input capacitor charges the inductor L, the inductor L stores energy, meanwhile, the primary windings of the transformers T1 and T2 store energy, when the switch K is disconnected, the inductor L keeps the current at two ends of the inductor L from suddenly changing, a high voltage is generated, electric energy is transmitted through new loops (1) and (1)', which are formed after the switch K is disconnected, the inductor L charges the capacitors C1 and C2, the energy stored by the primary sides of the inductors L and the transformers T1 and T2 is inducted to the secondary side of the transformer through the primary sides of the transformers, at the moment, the voltage of the input power supply plus the voltage of the inductor L is equal to the voltage of the capacitor C1 plus the voltage of the primary side winding of the transformer T1, namely: v (V) _{Input power supply} +V _L ＝V _C1 +V _{T1 antigen} ＝V _C2 +V _{T2 source} The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The transformer inducts the electric energy to a secondary winding thereof, and the secondary winding outputs the electric energy to an electric energy supply output end of the power circuit through the half-wave rectification module to supply the electric energy to the load; when the switch K is switched from an off state to an on state, a loop formed by the power circuit sequentially comprises the following specific working processes: the parallel input capacitor of the power circuit charges the inductor L through the loop (2), and charges the primary winding of the transformer through the loops (3) and (3)' capacitors, and at the moment, the primary winding of the transformer and the capacitor form an LC resonant circuit equivalent to keep the electric energy of the loop; meanwhile, after the switch K is in a closed state, the inductance L is charged by the parallel connection of the input power supply and the input capacitor of the (2) th loop, and the inductance L stores energy next time.

And a loop (4) for increasing the input power or decreasing the output power. The input power supply charges the input capacitor through the loop (4), and the voltage of the input capacitor is increased; when the input power decreases or the output power increases, the input power is discharged in parallel with the input capacitor, and the voltage of the input capacitor decreases.

The working principle of the power supply circuit including other circuit components is substantially the same as the working principle and process including the two circuit components, and is not described herein.

Specifically, the power supply circuit realizes dynamic adjustment of rising/falling of output voltage according to output requirements to obtain alternating current of a target waveform, and the following principle needs to be satisfied:

when the output requirement is periodic alternating current, setting a voltage fluctuation period T 'output by an output half-wave rectification module of the power supply circuit as a first time interval, wherein in the first time interval T', the output voltage required by corresponding output is continuously changed according to the output requirement of a load, for example: a sine wave of 220V is output. Because the inductor is according to the characteristic that the current is not allowed to be suddenly changed, the controller controls the time period interval corresponding to the switching frequency of the switch K to be the second time interval T'; in the case that the second time interval t″ is smaller than the voltage period T 'output by the output half-wave rectification module by several orders of magnitude, in the range of the voltage period T', the number of times the switch K has completed turning off and on is hundreds or thousands, that is, in the process that the output needs to have the change from trough to crest in the voltage waveform period T ', because the on/off switching frequency of the switch K is higher, for the operation process of the power circuit controlled by the operating state of the switch K, the voltage waveform needed by the output is locally seen to be not changed greatly, basically can be regarded as unchanged, that is, the voltage waveform needed by the output corresponding to the switch K before and after one time is regarded as unchanged, and in the case that the first time interval T' includes a plurality of second time intervals t″, that is, when the output voltage is obviously changed, the inductor L has been subjected to multiple charging and discharging processes through the control of the switch K, that is, the inductor L has completed the multiple rounds of the loop (1) [ input power supply+inductor L+capacitor C+transformer T ], the loop (2) [ input power supply+inductor L+switch K ] and the loop (3) [ circuit component an+switch K ] in the working process, the inductor L of the circuit and the primary winding of the transformer T can realize accurate control of the output voltage in the period of T 'through the method, that is, can well control and output even higher or lower voltage waveforms required by the output of the output voltage in the period of T', thereby providing very accurate voltage waveforms required by the output of the output voltage in the period of T ', for example, by controlling the output voltage value in the period of T' =10mu S, realizing accurate output of 50Hz sine wave in the period of T' =20mS.

Specifically, the specific boosting/dropping process and principle of the power circuit are as follows:

when the voltage provided by the power circuit is insufficient and cannot meet the load requirement, and the voltage needs to be boosted, the controller controls the switch K to increase the duty ratio of the switch K, or reduces the working frequency of the switch K, namely increases the charging time of the inductor L and the primary winding of the transformer T, and when the switch is disconnected, more electric energy can be induced to the secondary winding of the transformer T to realize the voltage boosting. Further, if the voltage provided by the power circuit is higher, when the voltage needs to be reduced, the controller controls the switch K, the duty ratio of the switch K is reduced, and the charging time of the inductor L and the primary winding of the transformer T is reduced, so that the electric energy induced by the secondary winding of the transformer T is reduced, and the voltage reduction is realized.

Here, since the power of the input terminal is not determined, the energy storage of the input capacitor is changed with the change of the output power after the step-up or step-down operation is performed, and thus the voltage of the input capacitor is changed.

If the input voltage rises, the energy storage of the primary winding of the inductor L and the transformer T increases, the energy transferred to the secondary winding increases, and the output power rises in the energy storage period when the switch K is closed; if the input voltage drops, the inductance L and the primary winding of the transformer T will store energy during the energy storage period when the switch K is closed, the energy transferred to the secondary winding will also drop, and the output power will drop.

Therefore, the dynamic boosting and reducing process provided by the circuit is a high-frequency working process which is continuously adjusted according to the dynamic requirement of an output load and the dynamic response of an input voltage.

Here, when the period interval t″ corresponding to the operating frequency of the switch K is higher than the output required voltage waveform period T ', that is, T "> T', the frequency and the duty ratio of the switch K are adjusted, and the charge and discharge time of the inductor is further adjusted to achieve voltage boosting/reducing, specifically, the size of the input power supply voltage period T 'may be set according to the specific condition of the output required voltage waveform, further, if the output required voltage waveform is an alternating current whose voltage varies periodically, for example, a sine wave alternating current, the corresponding T' =10ms, and if the output required voltage waveform variation does not have obvious periodicity, the value of T 'may be set to be compared with the variation period of the sine wave alternating current, for example, the setting T' is about 10ms, and the specific setting mode only needs to meet the requirement described above, so that the scheme of the present application can be achieved.

Specifically, the power supply circuit realizes the tracking of the maximum power point and the dynamic adjustment of the step-up/step-down according to the output requirement, and the specific working process is as follows with reference to fig. 8:

Step S1, obtaining the current actual input current [ I_in ], input voltage [ V_in ], output voltage and output current value at high frequency.

And S2, high-frequency adjusting the output current peak value (I_out_peak), monitoring the input voltage and input power change conditions caused by the peak value, and determining updated adjustment information of the output current peak value according to the input voltage and input power change conditions.

Step S21 (not shown), the output current peak value is increased at high frequency [ i_out_peak ], and the variation of the input power [ p_in=v_in_i_in ] is monitored; if the input power is also increasing along with the increase of the output current peak value, continuing to increase the output current peak value (I_out_peak) at high frequency; if the input power decreases with the increase of the peak value of the output current, step S22 is performed.

Step S22, detecting the variation of the input power [ p_in=v_in_i_in ] by high-frequency decreasing the output current peak [ i_out_peak ], if the input power response is rising, continuing to high-frequency decreasing the output current peak [ i_out_peak ] until the input power starts to decrease, and proceeding to step S21; if the input power response is decreasing, step S21 is required.

Step S3, determining a target output current value [ I target output current value=i output current peak ] at high frequency according to the current adjusted output current peak value [ i_out_peak ] and the corresponding output target phase information.

And S4, comparing the current actual output current value with the target output current value, and determining the duty ratio and the frequency adjustment instruction information of the switch at high frequency according to the comparison result.

Referring to fig. 3 in combination with fig. 4, in one preferred embodiment, the output terminals of the n circuit components included in the power circuit are connected in series or in parallel in a combined manner to form a power supply output terminal of the power circuit.

In this embodiment, the power supply circuit includes a plurality of circuit components that provide power to the power supply circuit that are connected in series or parallel to provide a wider output voltage range to meet the different voltage requirements of a variety of loads. Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the power supply circuit includes three circuit components A1, A2, and A3, the output ends corresponding to the three circuit components are connected in series to serve as the power output end of the power supply circuit, the output ends of the n circuit components are also connected in series in fig. 4, the output ends of the multiple circuit components are connected in series, so that the output voltage range of the power supply circuit can be widened, and thus, the load requirements in more scenes can be met, and the output ends of the multiple circuit components are connected in parallel, so that a higher output power range can be provided.

In practice, when the power supply circuit includes a plurality of circuit components, the power supply output end of each circuit component can be connected in series or in parallel, or in a series-parallel combination mode, etc. through various switch control devices/modules. Here, the control device/module for implementing the serial/parallel combination of the plurality of circuit component outputs is not limited, and any scheme of the switch control device/module for implementing the serial/parallel combination of the plurality of circuit component outputs in the present application or in the future in the prior art is within the scope of protection of the present application, such as a relay, an electromagnetic switch, etc., as long as the scheme can be directly applied to the serial/parallel combination of the plurality of circuit component outputs in the present embodiment, or the scheme is not required to be modified by a person skilled in the art and then is applied to the serial/parallel combination of the plurality of circuit component outputs in the present embodiment.

In one preferred embodiment, when the input power to the power circuit is ac, the power circuit further comprises an input rectifier module that provides a dc input to the primary inductor.

Specifically, when the input power source is ac, for example, 220 v or 380 v sine wave ac, rectification is required by the input rectification module, and the implementation mode of the specific rectification module is not limited; any scheme for rectifying any form of input power source can be implemented in the present or future prior art, and as long as the scheme can be directly applied to the main inductance common power source circuit in the present embodiment, or the scheme is applied to the main inductance common power source circuit in the present embodiment without the need of creative labor of a person skilled in the art to change the scheme, all the schemes capable of implementing rectification are within the protection scope of the present application.

In one preferred embodiment, the input rectifying module of the power supply circuit is a full-wave rectifying circuit.

Specifically, the input rectifying module may be full-wave rectification, the sine wave alternating current is rectified into a steamed bread wave, the frequency of the rectified steamed bread wave is doubled, and a circuit for realizing full-wave rectification is not limited, so long as the scheme can be directly applied to the scheme of full-wave rectification when the input power supply is alternating current by the rectifying module of the input power supply in the embodiment, or the scheme is applied to the embodiment without creative labor of a person skilled in the art after the scheme is changed, and then the circuit schemes capable of realizing full-wave rectification are all within the protection scope of the application. For example, the full-wave rectifying circuit shown in fig. 4 is a full-bridge rectifying circuit, and in fig. 4, the full-bridge rectifying circuit rectifies the alternating current provided by the input power before the alternating current is input into the main inductor L, and the rectified sine wave is output as a steamed bread wave.

In one preferred embodiment, the input rectifying module of the power supply circuit is a half-wave rectifying circuit.

Specifically, the input rectifying module may be a half-wave rectifying circuit, the sine wave alternating current is rectified into an intermittent steamed bread wave, the frequency of the rectified steamed bread wave is unchanged, the circuit for realizing half-wave rectification is not limited, any scheme of the circuit capable of realizing half-wave rectification in the prior art now or in the future can be directly applied to the scheme of the circuit capable of realizing half-wave rectification as long as the scheme can be directly applied to the scheme of the rectifying module of the input power supply in the embodiment when the input power supply is alternating current, or the scheme is applied to the embodiment without creative labor of a person in the field after the scheme is changed, so that the scheme capable of realizing half-wave rectification is within the protection scope of the application, such as a diode/MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube with a unidirectional conduction function, a switch tube controlled to be unidirectional conduction, and the like.

Specifically, in this embodiment, mainly for a scenario that the power supply circuit is used as an inverter and needs to output alternating current, because the current output by the output end of the power supply circuit is direct current, the direct current output by the output end of the power supply circuit needs to be rectified by the output rectifying unit according to the requirement of a final load so as to meet the requirement of the load, and further, the implementation mode of a specific rectifying unit of the output rectifying unit is not limited; any scheme that can be used to implement rectification in the present or future prior art is within the scope of the present application, as long as the scheme can be directly applied to the power supply circuit in the present embodiment, or the scheme can be applied to the power supply circuit in the present embodiment without the need for creative labor of a person skilled in the art.

Preferably, the output rectifying unit is an H-bridge.

The output end of the power circuit in fig. 4 outputs direct current, the direct current enters the H-bridge to rectify and convert into alternating current to meet the load requirement of the power circuit, wherein the components composing the H-bridge in fig. 4 are common switches, which are only for example and not for limitation, and the switching devices in the H-bridge do not make any limitation and only need to realize the on/off function.

In one preferred embodiment, the half-wave rectification module in the circuit assembly implements half-wave rectification by means of diodes.

Specifically, the half-wave rectification module provided in this embodiment is connected to one end of the secondary winding of the transformer, and the specific principle of action is as follows: after a switch of a power circuit is turned from on to off, a charged main inductor charges a capacitor in a corresponding circuit component in the switching-on period, a secondary winding of a transformer is induced by current of a primary winding to obtain electric energy, and at the moment, the current of the secondary winding of the transformer is output to an electrolytic capacitor or a load through the half-wave rectification module to supply or store the electric energy; when the switch of the power circuit is turned from open to closed, the capacitor in the circuit component, the primary winding of the transformer and the switch form an equivalent LC resonant circuit, and the capacitor and the primary winding of the transformer form resonance at the moment because the voltage is not allowed to be suddenly changed by the capacitor, and the secondary winding of the transformer cannot form a loop because the half-wave rectifying module is arranged on the secondary winding of the transformer, and when the primary winding of the transformer and the capacitor form a resonant circuit, no current is generated by the secondary winding of the transformer.

Therefore, the half-wave rectifying module can only realize unidirectional conduction of the secondary winding current of the transformer, and a circuit or a component for realizing half-wave rectification is not limited, and any scheme of a circuit capable of realizing half-wave rectification in the prior art at present or in the future can be directly applied to unidirectional conduction of the secondary winding current of the transformer in the embodiment, or the scheme is applicable to unidirectional conduction of the secondary winding current of the transformer in the embodiment without creative labor of a person in the field, so that the circuit schemes capable of realizing half-wave rectification are all within the protection scope of the application, such as a diode/MOS tube with unidirectional conduction function, a switch tube controlled to be unidirectional conduction, and the like.

Further, referring to fig. 6, in the corresponding embodiment, diodes D7, D8 and D9 are respectively provided as half-wave rectification modules, and unidirectional output of the secondary winding of the transformer is achieved by connecting the diodes to the corresponding output ends of the secondary winding of the corresponding transformer. The diode has the property of unidirectional conduction, half-wave rectification is realized through the diode, and the control circuit is simple and has stable performance.

In one preferred embodiment, the half-wave rectification module realizes half-wave rectification through a rectification switch and a rectification switch controller; and the rectifying switch controller controls the switching mode of the rectifying switch according to the mode that the controller control switch of the corresponding power supply circuit induces electric energy to the secondary winding of the transformer in the circuit component.

Specifically, the embodiment is to realize half-wave rectification of the secondary winding output of the transformer through a rectification switch, and the rectification switch is controlled by a rectification switch controller. Reference may be made to the rectifying switch K5 and the rectifying switch K6 shown in fig. 5.

Further, the working state of the rectifier switch determines whether the secondary winding of the transformer can form a loop, namely, the rectifier switch is opened and cannot form a loop, and the rectifier switch is closed and can form a loop; meanwhile, after the switch of the main inductance shared power supply circuit is closed, when the capacitor in the circuit component resonates for charging the primary winding of the transformer, the secondary winding of the transformer cannot form a loop, namely the rectifier switch needs to be opened at the moment. The rectifying switch controller needs to control the working state of the rectifying switch according to the working state of the switch in the power circuit, and according to the analysis, when the switch of the power circuit is in the closed state, the rectifying switch controller needs to control the switch to be in the open state. According to the embodiment, the rectifier switch controller and the corresponding rectifier switch are arranged to realize the half-wave rectification function of the secondary winding output of the transformer, and the energy loss of the switch is lower than that of the diode, so that the electric energy conversion rate is higher. However, since the rectifying switch has a certain voltage-withstanding limitation, this embodiment is mainly used in a lower voltage scenario, for example, a scenario below 160 volts.

In one preferred embodiment, the switching of the main inductive common power supply circuit is implemented by a bi-directional switch or a controllable switching device.

Specifically, the switch in the main inductor sharing power supply circuit bears the on-off function of the circuit according to the control information of the corresponding controller, where the specific control mode of the controller to control the switch is not limited, that is, the mode or the way of the controller to provide the control signal to the switch is not limited, and the switch signal transmission scheme can be realized in any existing or future prior art, so long as the scheme can be directly applied to the control signal transmission of the controller to the switch controlled by the controller in the embodiment, or the scheme is applied to the embodiment without the creative labor of a person skilled in the art after carrying out the change on the scheme, and then the scheme for realizing the control signal transmission of the controller to the switch controlled by the controller is within the protection scope of the application.

Further, the specific form of the switch or the controller or the switch and the controller thereof for realizing the circuit opening and closing in the main inductor sharing power supply circuit is not limited, and any scheme for realizing the switch or the controller or the switch and the controller thereof for realizing the circuit opening and closing in the prior art now or in the future is within the scope of the present application as long as the scheme can be directly applied to the function of circuit opening and closing in the main inductor sharing power supply circuit of the present embodiment, or the scheme is applied to the present embodiment without the creative labor of the person skilled in the art after the scheme is changed, so that the schemes for realizing the switch or the controller or the switch and the controller thereof for realizing the circuit opening and closing are all within the scope of the present application.

In one preferred embodiment, the power supply circuit includes a switch that is a switch assembly that is a parallel connection of a plurality of switching tubes.

Specifically, in this embodiment, when the power circuit includes more circuit components, the current borne by the switch is relatively large, in order to disperse the current borne by the switch, the switch is set to include a switch component with a plurality of switches connected in parallel, as shown in fig. 6, the switch of the power circuit is a switch component including switches K1, K2, K3 and K4 connected in parallel, and in the actual working process of the power circuit, all the switches in the switch component need to be opened and closed simultaneously, where, in order to ensure the working synchronicity of the four switches K1 to K4, the parameters of the switches K1, K2, K3 and K4 included in the switch component should be consistent.

In one preferred embodiment, the capacitors and transformer parameters in the plurality of circuit components included in each power circuit are identical.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the capacitance values in the plurality of circuit components connected by the main inductor in each power supply circuit and the inductance values of the primary/secondary sides of the transformer have consistency, so as to meet that in the case that the voltage abrupt change is not allowed by the capacitance in the circuit components, the power of each circuit is consistent, otherwise, in the case that the internal resistance consistency is poor, the power supply circuit has stability problems and cannot work normally in severe cases, and those skilled in the art should know that the consistency is not absolute and allows an error less than 5%.

In one preferred embodiment, the range of transformer leakage inductance values in the power circuit is less than 1.5%.

Specifically, when the switch is closed in the working process of the power circuit, the input power supply charges the main inductor, the switch is opened instantly, the current change of the primary side of the transformer is larger, at the moment, the leakage inductance of the transformer can cause a large voltage peak value to be generated at the two ends of the switch, the switch is possibly damaged by the high voltage breakdown, and the leakage inductance value range of the transformer is optimally smaller than 1.5% in order to ensure the high electric energy conversion rate of the power circuit and better stability.

Further, the specific structure of the transformer according to the present application is not limited, and any transformer structure scheme capable of achieving a leakage inductance of less than 1.5% in the prior art, either in the present or future, is within the scope of the present application as long as the scheme can be directly applied to the function of the transformer in the power circuit of the present embodiment, or the scheme is applied to the present embodiment without the need for creative labor of a person skilled in the art.

In one preferred embodiment, the transformer structure in the power circuit is copper foil or U-shaped metal sheet, and the winding mode is parallel winding.

Specifically, the embodiment discloses a structure and winding mode of a transformer in a power circuit, wherein the magnetic core structure of the transformer is selected to be a sheet metal, or a U-shaped sheet metal, and the winding modes of the primary side and the secondary side of the transformer are parallel winding modes, so that leakage inductance of the transformer can be reduced, and the operation requirement of the power circuit is met.

Referring to fig. 7, the application further provides a method for implementing power factor tracking and step-up/step-down dynamic adjustment based on the main inductor common power supply circuit, which comprises the following steps:

Specifically, in the step S1, the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage, and output current value are obtained at high frequency, where the current actual input and actual output conditions of the power supply circuit are required to be obtained by high-frequency acquisition, the specific acquisition or acquisition mode is not limited, the current actual input and actual output conditions may be obtained by the acquisition unit of the controller, the current actual input and actual output conditions may also be obtained by other modes, the acquired information is transmitted to the controller, the current actual input voltage, output voltage, and output current value may be obtained by high-frequency acquisition, the acquired information may also be transmitted to the controller to determine the adjustment instruction information of the switching duty ratio and the frequency, and the frequency of the high frequency may be referred to the switching frequency in the power supply circuit, for example, may be equal to the switching frequency or may be smaller than the switching frequency, where the frequency of the high frequency may also be changed according to the actual conditions, and is not limited.

In the step S2, the obtained current actual output power is compared with the target output power required by the access load, and when the access load or the scene used by the power supply circuit is determined, the corresponding required target output power and target output voltage/current are relatively determined; the current actual output power is compared with the target output power, when the current actual output power is larger than the target output power, the actual output power is higher than the target output power, the actual output power needs to be reduced, and when the actual output power is smaller than the target output power, the actual output power does not meet the requirement of the target output power, and the actual output power needs to be improved.

In the step S3, according to the comparison result between the actual output power and the target output power, the input current peak value (i_in_peak) is determined at high frequency, and if the actual output power is smaller than the target output power, the input current peak value is increased to increase the current actual output voltage or current, so as to further increase the actual output power to meet the load requirement; if the actual output power is greater than the target output power, the peak value of the input current is reduced to reduce the current actual output voltage or current, and the output power is further reduced to meet the load requirement, wherein the increasing or decreasing amplitude of the peak value of the input current needs to consider the difference between the actual output power and the target output power, for example, if the difference exceeds a preset value, the increasing amplitude of the peak value of the input current is increased to quickly meet the load requirement, and the like, the determination of the peak value of the input current is a high-frequency determination and high-frequency adjustment process, and the increasing/decreasing amplitude determination mode is not limited as long as the requirement of the target output of the load end is met.

In the step S4, a target input current value [ I target input current value=i input current peak value ] is determined at high frequency according to the input current peak value [ i_in_peak ] and the currently input phase information [ current input voltage/input voltage peak value ], wherein the currently input phase information is a ratio of a current actual input voltage provided by a current input power supply to a power supply circuit and a periodically fluctuating voltage peak value provided by the input power supply to the power supply circuit, and the target input current value is a product of the input current peak value and the phase information determined in the step S3, that is:

I _{target input current value} ＝I_in_peak*V _{Current actual input voltage} /V _{Peak value of input voltage}

In the step S5, the current actual input current value is compared with the target input current value, and the duty ratio and the frequency adjustment instruction information of the switch are determined at high frequency according to the comparison result, specifically, when the current actual input current value is smaller than the target input current value, the instruction information for controlling the switch to reduce the frequency and improve the duty ratio is generated in the controller, the working state of the switch is controlled to further control the charging time of the main inductor, so that the input current is improved, the requirement of power factor tracking is met, and meanwhile, the output control is realized through the approximation of the current actual input current to the target input current value; otherwise, when the current actual input current value is larger than the target input current adjustment value, generating instruction information for controlling the switch to increase the frequency and reduce the switch duty ratio in the controller, and controlling the working state of the switch to further control the charging time of the main inductor, so that the input current is reduced, the requirement of power factor tracking is met, and meanwhile, the output control is realized through the approximation of the current actual input current to the target input current value. Specifically, the control switch reduces, increases the size of the switch duty cycle, increases or decreases the frequency of the switch according to the difference between the current actual input current value and the target input current value, and the specific implementation manner and process are not limited, so that one of ordinary skill in the art can try to set according to the actual scene. Meanwhile, the target input current value covers the phase information of the current input voltage, namely the phase information of the current input power supply is considered when the current actual input current value is adjusted according to the target input current value, so that the current actual input current value is ensured to approach the target input current value all the time and fluctuate around the target input current value, and the power supply circuit has PFC (power factor tracking) capability.

In the step S6, the switch of the power circuit executes the instruction information at high frequency, and controls the charge and discharge time of the main inductor in the power circuit, so that the current actual input current value of the power circuit approaches the target input current value as much as possible; specifically, the switch of the power supply circuit executes the command sent by the controller for adjusting the current duty ratio or frequency at high frequency, and controls the charge and discharge time and frequency of the main inductor in the power supply circuit, so that the current actual input current value of the power supply circuit approaches the target input current value as much as possible, and the control of the output power, namely the voltage boosting and the voltage reducing according to the output requirement, is realized while the power factor tracking is realized.

In this embodiment, under the condition that the period corresponding to the switching frequency is higher than the multiple orders of magnitude of the input frequency of the alternating current, by the control mode, the main inductor in the power supply circuit is matched with the frequency dynamic adjustment of the switch, so that the power factor tracking is well realized, and the dynamic adjustment of the voltage boosting and the voltage reducing according to the requirement of the load on the output voltage/current is well realized, so that the power supply circuit can simultaneously realize the power factor tracking under the conditions of alternating current and larger power (more than 200 watts)/larger power, and dynamically boost/buck according to the requirement of the load. As previously mentioned, taking the example of a charging module product with a full load efficiency of 95.5% and a power of 30kW as the prior art, the energy consumption per hour of the prior art product is (1-95.5%)/30 kW/1h=1.35 kWh; the power supply circuit of the application can effectively improve the electric energy conversion efficiency, and can improve the product conversion rate to more than 30kW to 97 percent or more, and the full-load efficiency of the power supply circuit of the application is 97 percent, the power consumption of the same power per hour is about 3 percent 30kW 1 h=0.9 kWh, compared with the prior art, compared with the power supply circuit of the application, the power supply circuit can save 0.45kWh per hour, and according to 3000 hours of operation per year, each power supply circuit product can save electric energy 1350kWh per year, thereby obviously, compared with the prior art, the application can greatly save energy.

Referring to fig. 8, the present application further provides a method for simultaneously implementing maximum power point tracking and dynamic adjustment of output voltage rise/fall according to output requirements based on the power supply circuit shared by the main inductors, where the method includes:

step S1, obtaining the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage and output current value at high frequency.

And S2, high-frequency adjusting the peak value of the output current, monitoring the input voltage and the input power change caused by the peak value, and determining updated adjusting information of the peak value of the output current according to the input voltage and the input power change.

Step S21 (not shown), high frequency increases the peak value of the output current, monitors the change condition of the input power; if the input power is increased along with the increase of the output current peak value, continuing to increase the output current peak value at high frequency; if the input power decreases with the increase of the peak value of the output current, step S22 is performed.

Step S22 (not shown), the peak value of the output current is reduced at high frequency, the change condition of the input power is detected, if the response of the input power is rising, the peak value of the output current is continuously reduced at high frequency until the input power starts to be reduced, and then the step S21 is performed; if the input power response is decreasing, step S21 is performed.

And step S3, determining a target output current value at high frequency according to the output current peak value and the corresponding output target phase information.

Specifically, the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage and output current value are obtained at high frequency, the current actual input and actual output conditions of the power supply circuit are required to be obtained by high-frequency acquisition, wherein the specific acquisition or acquisition mode is not limited, the current actual input and actual output conditions can be obtained through an acquisition unit of the controller, the current actual input current, input voltage, output voltage and output current value can also be obtained through other modes, the obtained information can be transmitted to the controller for determining the adjustment instruction information of the switching duty ratio and the frequency, the frequency of the high frequency can refer to the frequency of a switch in the power supply circuit, for example, the frequency can be equal to the switching frequency or smaller than the switching frequency, the frequency of the high frequency can also be changed according to the actual conditions, and the current actual input and output conditions are not limited.

Specifically, referring to fig. 8, the high frequency increases the output current peak value [ i_out_peak ], and the voltage across the input capacitor of the input terminal, i.e., the input voltage, decreases, thereby affecting the input power, for example: the solar photovoltaic panel is used as the input of the circuit, the voltage of the input capacitor is changed, the input power of the solar photovoltaic panel is directly affected, if the input power of the power supply circuit is continuously increased at this time, the output current peak value (I_out_peak) needs to be continuously increased, when the input power starts to be reduced, the step S22 (not shown) needs to be continuously executed, and the high-frequency reduction output current peak value (I_out_peak) is started.

Further, the magnitude of the output current peak value may be increased, and may be set according to a specific practical situation, and the specific manner is not limited, for example, the magnitude may be increased first, and then the magnitude of the increase may be gradually decreased, and when the input power input is decreased, step S22 is performed to reduce the output current peak value at high frequency.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the output current peak value [ i_out_peak ] is reduced at high frequency, and the input power is continuously monitored, at this time, the voltage across the input capacitor of the input terminal, that is, the input voltage of the power supply circuit, will rise, if the input power of the power supply circuit increases, the output current peak value [ i_out_peak ] needs to be continuously reduced until the input power decreases, step S21 needs to be executed, and the high frequency increase of the output current peak value [ i_out_peak ] is started.

Further, the magnitude of the peak value of the high-frequency decreasing output current may be set according to the specific practical situation, and the specific manner is not limited, for example, the magnitude may be set to be increased first, and then the magnitude of the decrease may be gradually decreased, and when the input power input is decreased, the step S22 is performed to decrease the peak value of the output current at high frequency.

The steps S21 and S22 in step S2 are repeated at a high frequency, so that the voltage of the input capacitor just can make the input end of the power supply circuit be in the state of maximum power of the input power, for example, the voltage of the input capacitor is maintained at the voltage point required by the maximum power output of the solar photovoltaic panel, so that the power supply circuit can track the maximum value of the input power of the solar photovoltaic panel.

Specifically, the target phase information of the current output meeting the output requirement is a ratio of the current actual output voltage provided by the current power supply circuit to the load and the periodically fluctuating voltage peak value provided by the current circuit to the load, and the target output current value is a product of the output current peak value and the target phase information determined in the step S2, that is:

I _{Target output current value} ＝I _{Peak value of output current} *V _{Current actual output voltage} /V _{Peak value of output voltage}

Specifically, comparing the current actual output current value with the target output current value, and determining the duty ratio and frequency adjustment instruction information of a switch at high frequency according to the comparison result, further, when the current actual output current value is smaller than the target output current value, generating instruction information for controlling the switch to reduce the frequency and improve the duty ratio of the switch in a controller, controlling the working state of the switch to further control the charging time of a main inductor, thereby improving the output power, further improving the output current, enabling the output current to approach the target output current at high frequency, realizing the control of an output waveform, and further realizing the inverse transformation capability; otherwise, when the current actual output current value is larger than the target output current value, generating instruction information for controlling the switch to increase the frequency and reduce the switch duty ratio in the controller, controlling the working state of the switch to further control the charging time of the main inductor, thereby reducing the output power and further reducing the output current, enabling the output current to approach the target output current at high frequency, and further realizing the inversion capability. Specifically, the control switch reduces, increases the size of the switch duty cycle, increases or decreases the frequency of the switch according to the difference between the current actual output current value and the target output current value, and the specific implementation manner and process are not limited, so that one of ordinary skill in the art can try to set according to the actual scene. Meanwhile, the target output current value covers the phase information of the current output voltage, namely the phase information of the inversion of the target output is considered when the current actual output current value is adjusted according to the target output current value, so that the current actual output current value is ensured to approach the target output current value all the time and to fluctuate around the target output current value, and the power circuit has the inversion capability by matching with the current direction switching component.

Specifically, the switch of the power supply circuit executes the instruction information at high frequency, and controls the charge and discharge time of the main inductor in the power supply circuit, so that the current actual output current value of the power supply circuit approaches the target output current value as much as possible; specifically, the switch of the power supply circuit executes the command sent by the controller for adjusting the current duty ratio or frequency, and controls the charge and discharge time and frequency of the main inductor in the power supply circuit, so that the current actual output current value of the power supply circuit approaches the target output current value as much as possible, and the tracking of the input maximum power point is completed while the output inversion voltage and current are met.

In addition, the power supply circuit of the application realizes the switching of the current direction through the output rectifying unit, such as an H bridge, and forms alternating current by pulsating direct current generated in the steps, such as the sine-transformed direct current steamed bread wave generated in the steps, and the sine-transformed alternating current can be generated by completing the switching of the current direction according to the period of the steamed bread wave at the point that the voltage is 0.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

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Claims

1. The main inductance shared power supply circuit is characterized by comprising n circuit components (n is a natural number more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 12), a main inductance, a switch, a controller and an information acquisition module; the circuit assembly includes: the capacitor, the transformer and the output half-wave rectification module;

one end of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the output half-wave rectification module, and the other end of the output half-wave rectification module and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer are output ends of the circuit assembly;

2. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit inputs a voltage maximum V _{Into (I)} And the maximum value V of the output voltage _{Out of} Is in the ratio of V _{Into (I)} :V _{Out of} When the output power is larger than 200W, the parameter range of n capacitors of the n circuit components is 30nF-3 μf, the inductance range of n primary windings of the n transformers of the n circuit components is 10 μh-1000 μh, and the ratio range of primary windings/secondary windings of the n transformers is R _{Original source} :R _{Auxiliary pair} ＝1:5-5:1。

3. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the power supply circuit inputs a voltage that is the mostThe ratio of the large value to the maximum value of the output voltage is V _{Into (I)} :V _{Out of} When the output power is 200W-1000W, the inductance of the primary windings of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 10 mu H to 1000 mu H, and the ratio of the primary windings to the secondary windings of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} :R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:5-1:1; the parameter range of the n capacitors of the n circuit components is 100nF-3 mu F.

4. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage in the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} :V _{Out of} When the output power is 1000W-2000W, the primary inductance of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 50 mu H to 250 mu H, and the primary/secondary winding ratio of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} :R _{Auxiliary pair} =2:1-5:1; the n capacitance parameters of the n circuit components range from 200nF to 800nF.

5. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit of claim 2 wherein the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} :V _{Out of} When the output power is 1000W-2000W, the primary inductance of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 30 mu H to 1000 mu H, and the primary/secondary winding ratio of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} :R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:2-2:1; the n capacitance parameters of the n circuit components range from 50nF to 3 μf.

6. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit of claim 2 wherein the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage of the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} :V _{Out of} When the output power is 2000W-10000W, the primary side inductance of the n transformers of the n circuit components ranges from 50 mu H to 250 mu H, and the primary side/secondary side winding ratio of the n transformers ranges from R _{Original source} :R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:1-2:1; the n capacitance parameter values of the n circuit components range from 200nF to 800nF.

7. The main inductor sharing power supply circuit according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the main inductor of the power supply circuit is matched with a switch to realize power factor tracking, and meanwhile, the dynamic adjustment of voltage boosting and voltage reducing is realized according to the input voltage and the output voltage requirement of the power supply circuit.

8. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit of claim 7, wherein when the input power to the power supply circuit is ac, the power supply circuit further comprises an input rectifier module that provides a dc input to the primary inductor.

9. The main inductance shared power supply circuit according to claim 1, further comprising an input capacitor, wherein one end of the input capacitor is connected to one end of the main inductance and one end of an input power supply, and the other end of the input capacitor is connected to a ground terminal of the switch and the other end of the input power supply; when the maximum power value of the power supply circuit which can be input currently is unknown, the power supply circuit realizes maximum power point tracking and simultaneously realizes dynamic adjustment of rising/falling of output voltage according to output requirements.

10. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit of claim 9 wherein the ratio of the maximum input voltage to the maximum output voltage in the power supply circuit is V _{Into (I)} :V _{Out of} When the output power is 200W-1000W, the inductance value of the primary windings of n transformers in the n circuit components ranges from 10 mu H to 1000 mu H; the primary side/secondary side winding proportion range of n transformer transformers in the n circuit components is R _{Original source} :R _{Auxiliary pair} =1:1-1:5; the parameter range of n capacitors in the n circuit components is 100nF-3 mu F.

11. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit as claimed in claim 9 or 10, further comprising an output rectifying unit providing rectification for the power supply circuit output.

12. The power supply circuit of claim 11, wherein the output rectifying unit is an H-bridge.

13. The main inductance common power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 10, 12, wherein the output half-wave rectification module in the circuit assembly implements half-wave rectification of the output by means of diodes.

14. The main inductance common power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 10, 12, wherein the output half-wave rectification module realizes half-wave rectification of output through a rectification switch and a rectification switch controller that controls the rectification switch.

15. The primary inductor-sharing power circuit as claimed in claim 14, wherein the rectifier switch controller controls the switching pattern of the rectifier switch in accordance with a pattern of controller-controlled switches of the corresponding power circuit inducing power to the secondary winding of the transformer in the circuit assembly.

16. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 10, 12, wherein the power supply circuit comprises n circuit components with outputs connected in series or in parallel in combination to form a power supply output of the power supply circuit.

17. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 10, 12, wherein the power supply circuit comprises n circuit components of identical capacitance and transformer parameters.

18. A main inductance common power supply circuit according to any of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 10, 12, characterized in that the switching of the power supply circuit is implemented by a bi-directional switch or a controllable switching device.

19. The main inductance-common power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 10, 12, wherein the power supply circuit includes a switch that is a switching assembly that is a parallel connection of a plurality of switching tubes.

20. The primary inductor-sharing power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 10, 12, wherein the range of transformer leakage inductance values in the power supply circuit is less than 1.5%.

21. The main inductance common power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 10, 12, wherein the transformer structure in the power supply circuit is copper foil or U-shaped metal sheet, and the winding mode is parallel winding.

22. A method for simultaneously implementing power factor tracking and step-up/step-down dynamic adjustment by a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is a power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or a first extended power supply circuit according to any one of claims 15 to 17, the method comprising:

23. A method of simultaneously implementing maximum power point tracking and dynamic adjustment of output voltage rise/fall according to output demand according to a power supply circuit common to main inductors of any of claims 9 to 12, the method comprising: