CN116859512A - Optical fiber and preparation method of optical fiber fan-in and fan-out - Google Patents
Optical fiber and preparation method of optical fiber fan-in and fan-out Download PDFInfo
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- CN116859512A CN116859512A CN202310832004.5A CN202310832004A CN116859512A CN 116859512 A CN116859512 A CN 116859512A CN 202310832004 A CN202310832004 A CN 202310832004A CN 116859512 A CN116859512 A CN 116859512A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 315
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000013308 plastic optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 29
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- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/125—Bends, branchings or intersections
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02042—Multicore optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/032—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with non solid core or cladding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1225—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths comprising photonic band-gap structures or photonic lattices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber and a preparation method of fan-in and fan-out of the optical fiber. The multi-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out provided by the invention has the characteristics of low loss, high coupling efficiency and the like, so that the multi-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out device can be used in the fields of communication, sensing, laser and the like, can be also applied to connection, coupling and the like of micro-structure optical fibers, hollow optical fibers, photonic crystal optical fibers and the like, and is also suitable for optical fiber materials such as glass optical fiber materials, infrared optical fiber materials, plastic optical fiber materials and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fibers, in particular to a preparation method of an optical fiber and an optical fiber fanin fan-out.
Background
With the rapid development of optical fiber communication, optical fiber sensing, optical fiber laser and other technologies, the communication capacity of a common single-core optical fiber is limited, and as a sensing optical fiber, the common single-core optical fiber can only perform sensing measurement such as one-dimensional vibration, deformation, pressure and the like, and cannot measure three-dimensional motion information. The multi-core optical fiber is a novel optical fiber with a plurality of independent fiber cores in a common cladding region, is a space division multiplexing optical fiber, can greatly improve the information transmission density of the unit area of the optical fiber, can measure three-dimensional motion parameters by virtue of a unique spatial structure of the multi-core optical fiber for optical fiber sensing, truly reflects the motion state of an object, and is beneficial to real-time monitoring of space satellites, space stations, aviation planes, bridge buildings and the like.
However, in the practical use process of the multi-core optical fiber, each fiber core is an independent transmission channel, so that a plurality of single-core optical fibers need to be connected independently at two ends of the multi-core optical fiber, and efficient independent transmission, transmission and reception of information are realized, that is, the connection between the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber is basically low-loss coupling between the fiber cores, which is called multi-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out. However, there is no better method for fanning out a multi-core fiber from a single core fiber to achieve a core size of between 3 and 30 μm and a cladding size of typically between 60 and 600 μm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a multi-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out method for realizing efficient coupling of multi-core optical fibers and single-core optical fibers.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of making an optical fiber fanin-fanout comprising:
preparing a single-core optical fiber, fixing the single-core optical fiber on a first micro-channel plate, fixing the multi-core optical fiber on a second micro-channel plate, arranging the single-core optical fiber on the multi-core optical fiber, wherein the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber are in one-to-one correspondence, connecting gaps between the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber by using optical coupling glue, and finally externally packaging to realize fan-in and fan-out of the multi-core optical fiber.
Further, in the multi-core optical fiber, a gap between the central core and the peripheral core is 30-150 μm.
Preferably, preparing the single core optical fiber includes: the structural size of the single-core optical fiber is designed according to the structural size of the multi-core optical fiber, the fiber core diameter of the single-core optical fiber is equal to or smaller than that of the multi-core optical fiber, and the difference value between the fiber core diameter of the multi-core optical fiber and the fiber core diameter of the single-core optical fiber is 0-5 mu m.
Further, the method for adjusting and correcting the cladding diameter of the single-core optical fiber comprises the following steps:
the single-core optical fiber is soaked in the acetone solution, the optical fiber coating layer is removed, the single-core optical fiber is softened by oxyhydrogen flame or laser heating, the optical fiber is pulled outwards along the axial direction of the optical fiber, and the cladding of the single-core optical fiber is enabled to obtain the structure of the target size.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
preparing a first microchannel plate:
preparing a first micro-channel plate with the diameter of 0.5-5mm and the thickness of 0.3-3mm according to the structure size of a target single-core optical fiber, wherein the first micro-channel plate is provided with a plurality of micro-channels, the aperture of each micro-channel is 20-100 mu m, and the hole spacing of each micro-channel is 5-100 mu m;
preparing a second microchannel plate:
according to the structural size of the multi-core optical fiber, preparing a first micro-channel plate with the diameter of 0.5-5mm and the thickness of 0.3-3mm, wherein at least 1 micro-channel is arranged on the second micro-channel plate, and the aperture of the micro-channel on the second micro-channel plate is 60-600 mu m.
The connection and coupling of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber comprises the following steps:
fixing the single-core optical fiber: fixing the first micro-channel plate vertically or horizontally on an optical platform, fixing the drawn single-core optical fiber on an optical precision mechanical displacement platform, adjusting the optical precision mechanical displacement platform under the assistance of microscopic imaging, sequentially inserting the single-core optical fiber into micro-channels of the first micro-channel plate, applying optical coupling glue at the contact position of the single-core optical fiber and the first micro-channel plate, and fixing the single-core optical fiber and the first micro-channel plate together by irradiating and solidifying the optical coupling glue through ultraviolet light;
fixing the multi-core optical fiber: stripping the multi-core fiber coating, and cutting the multi-core fiber by using a fiber cutting knife until the end face is flat;
the second micro-channel plate is vertically or horizontally fixed on an optical platform, the multi-core optical fiber is fixed on an optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement platform, under the assistance of microscopic imaging, one flat end of the end face of the multi-core optical fiber is inserted into a micro-channel of the second micro-channel plate by adjusting the optical precision mechanical displacement platform, the position is adjusted to enable the end face of the multi-core optical fiber to be level with the end face of the second micro-channel plate, optical coupling glue is applied to the joint of the second micro-channel plate and the multi-core optical fiber, and ultraviolet light irradiates and fixes the multi-core optical fiber and the second micro-channel plate.
The connection and coupling of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber are also included:
fixing the single-core optical fiber and the first micro-channel plate on an optical platform, fixing the multi-core optical fiber and the second micro-channel plate on an optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform, adjusting the second micro-channel plate by adjusting the optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform under the assistance of microscopic imaging to enable the second micro-channel plate to be completely overlapped with the first micro-channel plate, and adjusting the second micro-channel plate by rotating the optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform to enable each fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber to be in one-to-one correspondence with each fiber core of the single-core optical fiber;
injecting laser into a single-core optical fiber, regulating a second micro-channel plate through rotation, monitoring the laser output power at the tail end of the multi-core optical fiber, detecting that the laser power is the largest, detecting the coupling efficiency of other fiber cores in sequence, determining the optimal coupling efficiency combination through fine tuning of the second micro-channel plate, finally applying optical coupling glue at the contact gap of the first micro-channel plate and the second micro-channel plate, solidifying under the action of ultraviolet light, and further realizing the coupling and connection of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber, namely fanning-in and fanning-out of the multi-core optical fiber.
Packaging of the multi-core fiber fan-in and fan-out: preparing a metal package body, wherein the metal package body comprises an upper metal body and a lower metal body, a groove and a clamping groove are prepared on the upper metal body through milling and polishing machining, a first micro-channel plate connected with a second micro-channel plate is embedded into the clamping groove of the upper metal body, a single-core optical fiber bundle is placed into the groove of the upper metal body, the groove and the clamping groove are prepared on the lower metal body, the multi-core optical fiber is embedded into the clamping groove of the lower metal body, the multi-core optical fiber is placed into the groove of the upper metal body, ultraviolet curing glue is used for filling gaps in the groove and the clamping groove, the grooves are cured under the action of ultraviolet light, and finally the upper package body and the lower package body are fixed together through screws, so that the reinforcement and the package of fan-in of the multi-core optical fiber are realized.
The invention also provides an optical fiber which is prepared according to the preparation method of the optical fiber fan-in and fan-out, wherein the optical fiber is a multi-core optical fiber, a microstructure optical fiber, an air core optical fiber or a photonic crystal optical fiber.
The optical fiber is made of quartz optical fiber material, glass optical fiber material, infrared optical fiber material or plastic optical fiber material.
By means of the technical scheme, the invention has at least the following advantages:
the multi-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out provided by the invention has the characteristics of low loss, high coupling efficiency and the like, so that the multi-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out device can be used in the fields of communication, sensing, laser and the like, can be also applied to connection, coupling and the like of micro-structure optical fibers, hollow optical fibers, photonic crystal optical fibers and the like, and is also suitable for optical fiber materials such as glass optical fiber materials, infrared optical fiber materials, plastic optical fiber materials and the like.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-core optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-core optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single-core optical fiber after being drawn and cut according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first microchannel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second microchannel plate according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between a single-core fiber bundle and a first microchannel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between a multicore fiber and a second microchannel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a single-core fiber bundle and a multi-core fiber precision coupling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a precise and efficient coupling result between a single-core fiber bundle and a multi-core fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for testing fan-in and fan-out coupling efficiency of a multi-core fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a multi-core fiber fan-in and fan-out package provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-core fiber fan-in-fan-out package according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-central core, 2-first peripheral core, 3-second peripheral core, 4-third peripheral core, 5-fourth peripheral core, 6-multicore fiber, core of 7-single core fiber, 8-single core fiber, drawing end of 9-single core fiber, 10-first microchannel plate, 11-first microchannel, 12-second microchannel, 13-third microchannel, 14-fourth microchannel, 15-fifth microchannel, 16-second microchannel plate, 17-central single channel, 18-optical coupling glue, 19-laser, 20-laser power meter, 21-metal body, 22-groove, 23-clamping groove.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted for achieving the preset aim of the invention, the following detailed description refers to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.
A method of making an optical fiber fanin-fanout comprising:
the method comprises the steps of fixing a single-core optical fiber on a first micro-channel board, fixing a multi-core optical fiber on a second micro-channel board, arranging the single-core optical fiber on the multi-core optical fiber, wherein the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber are in one-to-one correspondence, connecting gaps between the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber through optical coupling glue, and finally packaging the multi-core optical fiber outside to realize fan-in and fan-out of the multi-core optical fiber.
According to the invention, the plurality of single-core optical fiber cladding parts can be arranged on the multi-core optical fiber cladding, so that the high-efficiency coupling of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber is realized. The fan-in and fan-out of the multi-core optical fiber has the advantage of high coupling efficiency.
Further, the area of the end face area of the multi-core optical fiber is limited, the single-core optical fiber can be arranged on the end face of the multi-core optical fiber, the structural size of the single-core optical fiber is designed according to the structural size of the multi-core optical fiber, the structural size of the multi-core optical fiber is fixed, in the multi-core optical fiber, the gap between the central fiber core and the peripheral fiber core is 30-150 mu m, the difference between the fiber core diameter of the multi-core optical fiber and the fiber core diameter of the single-core optical fiber is selected to be 0-5 mu m, and the cladding diameter of the single-core optical fiber is smaller than 1/3 of the cladding diameter of the multi-core optical fiber, so that the fiber cores of the plurality of single-core optical fibers are in one-to-one correspondence with the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber.
The fiber core diameter of the single-core optical fiber is equal to or smaller than that of the multi-core optical fiber, and the difference of the fiber core diameter of the multi-core optical fiber minus the fiber core diameter of the single-core optical fiber is preferably 0-5 mu m; the design increases the probability of complete contact between the fiber core of the single-core optical fiber and the fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber, avoids contact connection between a part of the fiber core of the single-core optical fiber and the cladding of the multi-core optical fiber, and reduces the coupling efficiency due to the fact that part of light leaks into the cladding.
The difference between the aperture of the micro-channel on the micro-channel plate and the diameter of the cladding of the single-core fiber is 0-5um, and the difference between the aperture of the micro-channel and the diameter of the cladding of the single-core fiber is preferably 0, but in order to smoothly insert the optical fiber into the micro-channel in the actual operation process, the aperture of the micro-channel is larger than the diameter of the cladding by a little, and the maximum aperture is not more than 5um, and if the aperture is larger than 5um, the error larger than 5um is increased, thereby affecting the coupling efficiency of the single-core fiber and the cores of the multi-core fiber.
In order to ensure that the cladding at one end of the single-core optical fiber can pass through the micro-channel, the method for regulating and correcting the diameter of the cladding of the single-core optical fiber is as follows:
the single-core optical fiber is soaked in the acetone solution, the optical fiber coating layer is removed, the single-core optical fiber is softened by oxyhydrogen flame or laser heating, the optical fiber is pulled outwards along the axial direction of the optical fiber, and the cladding of the single-core optical fiber is enabled to obtain the structure of the target size.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
preparing a first microchannel plate:
preparing a first micro-channel plate with the diameter of 0.5-5mm and the thickness of 0.3-3mm according to the structure size of a target single-core optical fiber, wherein the first micro-channel plate is provided with a plurality of micro-channels, the aperture of each micro-channel is 20-100 mu m, and the hole spacing of each micro-channel is 5-100 mu m;
preparing a second microchannel plate:
according to the structural size of the multi-core optical fiber, preparing a first micro-channel plate with the diameter of 0.5-5mm and the thickness of 0.3-3mm, wherein at least 1 micro-channel is arranged on the second micro-channel plate, and the aperture of the micro-channel on the second micro-channel plate is 60-600 mu m.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the multicore fiber 6 has 5 cores in total, which are a central core 1 disposed in the middle of the cladding of the multicore fiber 6, and a first peripheral core 2, a second peripheral core 3, a third peripheral core 4, and a fourth peripheral core 5 disposed at the periphery of the central core 1.
The following examples take five-core optical fibers as examples, 5 core diameters are 6 μm, the cladding diameter of the multi-core optical fiber 6 is 125 μm, and a multi-core optical fiber fan-in fan-out with a gap between the central core 1 and the peripheral cores of 44 μm is as examples, and the specific implementation modes are as follows:
referring to fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, a single-core optical fiber 8 is prepared: a single-core optical fiber having a core 7 diameter of 10 μm and a cladding diameter of 125 μm was prepared, the single-core optical fiber was immersed in an acetone solution, the coating layer of the optical fiber was removed, the cladding portion of the single-core optical fiber was heated with an oxyhydrogen flame to a softening point of the single-core optical fiber, and then the optical fiber was drawn in the axial direction of the optical fiber so that the cladding size was 40 μm, at which time the core diameter of the single-core optical fiber was 3.2. Mu.m. The optical fiber is cut from the middle of the drawn optical fiber with a fiber cutter, to obtain a single-core optical fiber 8 as shown in fig. 5 and 6. The difference between the individual core diameter of the multicore fiber and the core diameter of the single core fiber in this embodiment was 2.8 μm.
Preparing a microchannel plate:
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the microchannel plate is a special fiber optic device with millions of microchannels. According to the embodiment of the invention, the first micro-channel plate 10 with the diameter of 3mm and the thickness of 1mm is prepared, the apertures of the first micro-channel 11, the second micro-channel 12, the third micro-channel 13, the fourth micro-channel 14 and the fifth micro-channel 15 of the first micro-channel plate 10 are all 40 mu m, and the arrangement position of the fiber cores of the single-core optical fiber bundle is consistent with the arrangement position of the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fibers, so that the single-core optical fiber bundle fan-in fan-out multi-channel plate is called. The micro-channels have a hole pitch of 10 μm, the hole pitch being the smallest distance of the hole edge in the center from the hole edge in the periphery.
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a second microchannel plate 16 of 3mm diameter and 1mm thickness was again prepared, with a central single channel 17 having a bore diameter of 125 μm, referred to as a multicore fiber fan-in-fan-out single channel plate.
Fixing a single-core optical fiber bundle:
as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 11, the first microchannel plate 10 is vertically fixed to an optical platform, the single-core optical fiber 8 is fixed to an optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement platform, and the drawing end 9 of the single-core optical fiber is sequentially inserted into the first microchannel 11, the second microchannel 12, the third microchannel 13, the fourth microchannel 14 and the fifth microchannel 15 of the first microchannel plate 10 by adjusting the optical precision mechanical displacement platform with the aid of microscopic imaging, and the drawing end 9 of each single-core optical fiber is flush with the first microchannel plate 10. An optical coupling adhesive 18 is applied to a position where the first microchannel plate 10 and the single-core optical fiber 8 are in contact, and the single-core optical fiber bundle 8 is fixed to the first microchannel plate 10 by ultraviolet irradiation curing.
Referring to fig. 11, in the connection structure between the single-core optical fiber 8 and the first microchannel plate 10, in practice, the diameter of the single-core optical fiber 8 is much larger than that of the single-core optical fiber 8 shown in the drawing, and the single-core optical fibers 8 are connected to one end of the first microchannel plate 10.
Fixing the multi-core optical fiber:
as shown in fig. 8, 9 and 12, the second microchannel plate 16 is vertically fixed on the optical platform, the multi-core optical fiber is fixed on the optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement platform, one end of the multi-core optical fiber 6 is inserted into the central single channel 17 of the second microchannel plate 16 by adjusting the optical precision mechanical displacement platform with the aid of microscopic imaging, the position is adjusted to enable the end face of the multi-core optical fiber to be level with the end face of the second microchannel plate, the optical coupling glue 18 is applied at the joint of the second microchannel plate 16 and the multi-core optical fiber 6, and the multi-core optical fiber 6 and the second microchannel plate 16 are fixed by ultraviolet irradiation.
The connection and coupling of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber are also included:
fixing the single-core optical fiber and the first micro-channel plate on an optical platform, fixing the multi-core optical fiber and the second micro-channel plate on an optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform, adjusting the second micro-channel plate by adjusting the optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform under the assistance of microscopic imaging, enabling the second micro-channel plate to be completely overlapped with the first micro-channel plate, and enabling each fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber to be in one-to-one correspondence with each fiber core of the single-core optical fiber by rotating and adjusting the second micro-channel plate;
injecting laser into a single-core optical fiber, monitoring the laser output power at the tail end of the multi-core optical fiber, detecting that the laser power is the highest, detecting the coupling efficiency of other fiber cores in sequence, determining the optimal coupling efficiency combination by fine-tuning a second micro-channel plate, finally applying optical coupling glue, curing under the action of ultraviolet light, and further realizing the coupling and connection of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber, namely fanning-in and fanout of the multi-core optical fiber.
Detecting coupling efficiency:
as shown in fig. 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, the single-core optical fiber 6 and the first micro-channel plate 10 are fixed on an optical platform vertically, the multi-core optical fiber 8 and the second micro-channel plate 16 are fixed on an optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform, the second micro-channel plate 16 is regulated by the optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform under the assistance of microscopic imaging, the second micro-channel plate 16 connected with the multi-core optical fiber 8 is completely overlapped with the first micro-channel plate 10 connected with the single-core optical fiber bundle, the second micro-channel plate 16 is precisely rotated by the optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform, 5 cores of the multi-core optical fiber are in one-to-one correspondence with the cores 7 of each single-core optical fiber, 633nm laser is injected at the tail end of the single-core optical fiber, the output power of the laser is detected by the laser power meter 20 at the tail end of the multi-core optical fiber 6, and when the laser power meter 20 detects that the output power of the multi-core optical fiber 6 is maximum, the coupling efficiency of the multi-core optical fiber 6 and the single-core optical fiber 8 is highest.
The invention uses the loss alpha to represent the coupling efficiency as follows
Wherein P is in Represents the injection laser power, P out Indicating the output laser power.
Injecting 633nm laser into other single-core optical fibers 8 in sequence, correspondingly detecting the output laser power of the multi-core optical fibers 6, and finely adjusting the positions of the multi-core optical fibers 6, so that the output laser power of each fiber core of the multi-core optical fibers 6 reaches the optimal coupling efficiency combination, and the use requirement is met.
And (3) packaging:
as shown in fig. 16 and 17, a metal package is prepared, the metal package 21 includes an upper metal body and a lower metal body, a groove 22 and a clamping groove 23 are prepared on the upper metal body by milling and polishing machining, a first micro-channel plate 10 connected with a second micro-channel plate 16 is embedded in the clamping groove 23 of the upper metal body, a single-core optical fiber bundle is placed in the groove 22 of the upper metal body, a groove and a clamping groove 23 are prepared on the lower metal body 22, the second micro-channel plate 16 is embedded in the clamping groove 23 of the lower metal body, a multi-core optical fiber 6 is placed in the groove 22 of the upper metal body, ultraviolet curing glue fills the gaps in the groove 22 and the clamping groove 23, and is cured under the action of ultraviolet light, and finally the upper package and the lower package are fixed together through screws, so that the reinforcement and package of the fan-in fan-out of the multi-core optical fiber are realized.
The metal package body of the invention packages the multi-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out test results as shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
The multi-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out provided by the invention has the characteristics of low loss and high coupling efficiency as can be seen from the test results of the table 1, so that the multi-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out device can be used in the fields of communication, sensing, laser and the like, further can be applied to connection, coupling and the like of micro-structure optical fibers, hollow optical fibers, photonic crystal optical fibers and the like, and is also suitable for optical fiber materials such as glass optical fiber materials, infrared optical fiber materials, plastic optical fiber materials and the like. The invention is not limited to the core number of the optical fibers such as the multi-core optical fibers, the microstructure optical fibers, the hollow core optical fibers, the photonic crystal optical fibers and the like, and the optical fibers with any core number can be used.
Example 2
The preparation method is basically the same as that of the examples, except that:
the core of the multi-core fiber is 10 μm, the cladding diameter is 400 μm, and the gap between the central core 1 and the peripheral core is 90 μm.
The core diameter of the single core fiber was 10 μm and the cladding diameter was 125. Mu.m, and the cladding was drawn to 62.5. Mu.m, by the method of example 1, at which point the core diameter was 5. Mu.m, and the difference between the individual core diameter of the multi-core fiber and the core diameter of the single core fiber was 5. Mu.m.
Preparing a first microchannel plate:
preparing a first micro-channel plate with the diameter of 2mm and the thickness of 2mm according to the structure size of a target single-core optical fiber, wherein the first micro-channel plate is provided with a plurality of micro-channels, the aperture of each micro-channel is 65 mu m, and the hole spacing of each micro-channel is 35 mu m;
preparing a second microchannel plate:
according to the structural size of the multi-core optical fiber, a first micro-channel plate with the diameter of 2mm and the thickness of 2mm is prepared, 1 micro-channel is arranged on the second micro-channel plate, and the aperture of the micro-channel on the second micro-channel plate is 405 mu m.
The metal package of example 2 of the present invention encapsulates the multicore fiber fan-in and fan-out test results as shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the test results in table 2, the metal package body prepared by the parameters in this embodiment has the advantages of low loss and high coupling efficiency.
As can be seen from the data in tables 1 and 2, the larger the difference between the individual core diameters of the multicore fibers and the core diameter of the single core fiber, the more preferable the difference is 5 μm, the lower the loss thereof, the higher the coupling efficiency, but the difference in the core diameters cannot be excessively large. When the difference between the diameters of the fiber cores of the multi-core fiber and the single-core fiber is larger than 5 mu m, although the central fiber cores are easily butted, optical signals enter the multi-core fiber cores through the single-core fiber, because the diameters of the fiber cores of the multi-core fiber are larger, the distances between the cladding layers and the centers of the fiber cores are large, the constraint effect of the cladding layers on end surface light is small, the light is reflected from the non-overlapped butted end surfaces at the butted positions of the fiber cores, the light leakage is caused, the leaked light is not transmitted forward through full emission, and is emitted outwards through optical coupling glue, so that loss is caused, and the coupling efficiency is reduced; the larger the area of the non-overlapped end surfaces is, namely, the more the light leakage is caused when the fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber and the fiber core diameter of the single-core optical fiber are different, the more the loss is caused, and the lower the coupling efficiency is; when the diameter difference between the fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber and the fiber core of the single-core optical fiber is less than or equal to 5 mu m, after the fiber core is in butt joint with the fiber core, light can be transmitted forward through total reflection due to the constraint of a nearby cladding, and the interface reflection loss of the fiber core is reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents and modifications can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an optical fiber fan-in fan-out is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
preparing a single-core optical fiber, fixing the single-core optical fiber on a first micro-channel plate, fixing the multi-core optical fiber on a second micro-channel plate, arranging the single-core optical fiber on the multi-core optical fiber, wherein the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber are in one-to-one correspondence, connecting gaps between the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber by using optical coupling glue, and finally externally packaging to realize fan-in and fan-out of the multi-core optical fiber.
2. The method of manufacturing a fan-in and fan-out method of a multicore fiber according to claim 1, wherein a gap between a core located in the center and a core located at the periphery is 30 to 150 μm in the multicore fiber.
3. The method of manufacturing a multi-core fiber fan-in and fan-out method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein manufacturing a single core fiber comprises: the structural size of the single-core optical fiber is designed according to the structural size of the multi-core optical fiber, the fiber core diameter of the single-core optical fiber is equal to or smaller than that of the multi-core optical fiber, and the difference value between the fiber core diameter of the multi-core optical fiber and the fiber core diameter of the single-core optical fiber is 0-5 mu m.
4. The method for manufacturing an optical fiber fan-in and fan-out according to claim 3, further comprising the steps of adjusting and correcting the cladding diameter of the single-core optical fiber:
the single-core optical fiber is soaked in the acetone solution, the optical fiber coating layer is removed, the single-core optical fiber is softened by oxyhydrogen flame or laser heating, the optical fiber is pulled outwards along the axial direction of the optical fiber, and the cladding of the single-core optical fiber is enabled to obtain the structure of the target size.
5. The method of manufacturing a fiber fan-in-fan-out of claim 4, further comprising:
preparing a first microchannel plate:
preparing a first micro-channel plate with the diameter of 0.5-5mm and the thickness of 0.3-3mm according to the structure size of a target single-core optical fiber, wherein the first micro-channel plate is provided with a plurality of micro-channels, the aperture of each micro-channel is 20-100 mu m, and the hole spacing of each micro-channel is 5-100 mu m;
preparing a second microchannel plate:
according to the structural size of the multi-core optical fiber, preparing a first micro-channel plate with the diameter of 0.5-5mm and the thickness of 0.3-3mm, wherein 1 micro-channel is arranged on the second micro-channel plate, and the aperture of the micro-channel on the second micro-channel plate is 60-600 mu m.
6. The method of manufacturing a fiber fan-in and fan-out according to claim 5, wherein,
the connection and coupling of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber comprises the following steps:
fixing the single-core optical fiber: fixing the first micro-channel plate vertically or horizontally on an optical platform, fixing the drawn single-core optical fiber on an optical precision mechanical displacement platform, adjusting the optical precision mechanical displacement platform under the assistance of microscopic imaging, sequentially inserting the single-core optical fiber into micro-channels of the first micro-channel plate, applying optical coupling glue at the contact position of the single-core optical fiber and the first micro-channel plate, and fixing the single-core optical fiber and the first micro-channel plate together by irradiating and solidifying the optical coupling glue through ultraviolet light;
fixing the multi-core optical fiber: stripping the multi-core fiber coating, and cutting the multi-core fiber by using a fiber cutting knife until the end face is flat;
the second micro-channel plate is vertically or horizontally fixed on an optical platform, the multi-core optical fiber is fixed on an optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement platform, under the assistance of microscopic imaging, one flat end of the end face of the multi-core optical fiber is inserted into a micro-channel of the second micro-channel plate by adjusting the optical precision mechanical displacement platform, the position is adjusted to enable the end face of the multi-core optical fiber to be level with the end face of the second micro-channel plate, optical coupling glue is applied to the joint of the second micro-channel plate and the multi-core optical fiber, and ultraviolet light irradiates and fixes the multi-core optical fiber and the second micro-channel plate.
7. The method of manufacturing a fiber fan-in-fan-out of claim 6, wherein,
the connection and coupling of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber are also included:
fixing the single-core optical fiber and the first micro-channel plate on an optical platform, fixing the multi-core optical fiber and the second micro-channel plate on an optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform, adjusting the second micro-channel plate by adjusting the optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform under the assistance of microscopic imaging to enable the second micro-channel plate to be completely overlapped with the first micro-channel plate, and adjusting the second micro-channel plate by rotating the optical precision mechanical three-dimensional displacement rotating platform to enable each fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber to be in one-to-one correspondence with each fiber core of the single-core optical fiber;
injecting laser into a single-core optical fiber, regulating a second micro-channel plate through rotation, monitoring the laser output power at the tail end of the multi-core optical fiber, detecting that the laser power is the largest, detecting the coupling efficiency of other fiber cores in sequence, determining the optimal coupling efficiency combination through fine tuning of the second micro-channel plate, finally applying optical coupling glue at the contact gap of the first micro-channel plate and the second micro-channel plate, solidifying under the action of ultraviolet light, and further realizing the coupling and connection of the multi-core optical fiber and the single-core optical fiber, namely fanning-in and fanning-out of the multi-core optical fiber.
8. The method of manufacturing a fiber fan-in-fan-out of claim 7, wherein,
packaging of the multi-core fiber fan-in and fan-out: preparing a metal package body, wherein the metal package body comprises an upper metal body and a lower metal body, a groove and a clamping groove are prepared on the upper metal body through milling and polishing machining, a first micro-channel plate connected with a second micro-channel plate is embedded into the clamping groove of the upper metal body, a single-core optical fiber bundle is placed into the groove of the upper metal body, the groove and the clamping groove are prepared on the lower metal body, the multi-core optical fiber is embedded into the clamping groove of the lower metal body, the multi-core optical fiber is placed into the groove of the upper metal body, ultraviolet curing glue is used for filling gaps in the groove and the clamping groove, the grooves are cured under the action of ultraviolet light, and finally the upper package body and the lower package body are fixed together through screws, so that the reinforcement and the package of fan-in of the multi-core optical fiber are realized.
9. An optical fiber, characterized in that the optical fiber prepared by the preparation method of the optical fiber fan-in-out according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is a multi-core optical fiber, a micro-structure optical fiber, a hollow-core optical fiber or a photonic crystal optical fiber.
10. The optical fiber according to claim 9, wherein the optical fiber material is a quartz optical fiber material, a glass optical fiber material, an infrared optical fiber material, or a plastic optical fiber material.
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