CN116858112A - Corrosion thickness detection method and system suitable for curved surface metal material - Google Patents
Corrosion thickness detection method and system suitable for curved surface metal material Download PDFInfo
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0616—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material of coating
- G01B11/0625—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material of coating with measurement of absorption or reflection
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Abstract
The invention relates to a corrosion thickness detection method and a corrosion thickness detection system suitable for a curved metal material, comprising the following steps: sending terahertz waves to the surface of the sample, and determining the flight time according to the obtained reflected echo time; based on the obtained flight time, combining the wave speed of the terahertz wave, the refraction angle of the terahertz wave when the terahertz wave is incident and the refractive index of the corrosion layer, obtaining the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved surface metal material of the set measuring point, and determining the final corrosion layer information according to the obtained data of a plurality of measuring points. Based on the reflection type terahertz time-domain spectrum signal, the characteristics that terahertz waves are reflected and transmitted in nonpolar materials (corrosion layers and coatings) and only reflected in metal materials are utilized, and the nondestructive, rapid and quantitative detection of the thickness of the corrosion layers of the curved surface metal materials is realized by combining factors such as flight time, material refractive index and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to a corrosion thickness detection method and system suitable for curved surface metal materials.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Metallic materials are susceptible to corrosion from the environment. The corrosion can cause the change of the physical and chemical properties of the metal material, influence the strength, the rigidity, the bearing capacity and the like of the material, influence the service life of the metal material and further cause potential safety hazards. At present, the nondestructive detection technology for metal material corrosion can be divided into ultrasonic detection, magnetic leakage detection, eddy current detection, optical detection and other modes. Because of different detection principles, the detection technologies can adapt to different scenes, and the detection technologies can be selected according to the detection environment and the specific conditions of detection objects in actual detection.
Taking an optical detection technology (such as a terahertz detection technology) as an example, the terahertz detection technology is mainly applied to coating detection of metal materials and defect detection of planar metal materials such as plates, and the coating is a substance layer with approximately uniform material properties and relatively uniform thickness distribution due to different properties of the coating and the corrosion layer; the corrosion layer of the metal material has complex components, for example, the corrosion layer of the steel material generally comprises a mixture formed by a plurality of corrosion products such as ferric oxide, ferroferric oxide, goethite and the like, and the uniformity is poor, so that the thickness of the corrosion layer of the metal material obtained by the terahertz detection technology has larger error during single-point test.
Further, when the thickness detection is performed based on the terahertz time-domain spectrum, detection light is vertically incident to the surface of the planar sample, and the flight time of the detection light is utilized to detect the planar material; when the detection object is a curved surface, the relation between the detection result and parameters such as the flight time, the incidence angle and the like of the detection light is difficult to grasp, so that the thickness condition of the corrosion layer of the curved surface metal material is difficult to obtain by the terahertz detection technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a corrosion thickness detection method and a corrosion thickness detection system suitable for a curved metal material, which are based on a reflection type terahertz time-domain spectrum signal, and realize quantitative detection of a corrosion layer of the metal material by utilizing the characteristics that terahertz waves reflect and transmit in a nonpolar material and reflect only in the metal material and combining factors such as flight time, material refractive index and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the present invention provides a corrosion thickness detection method suitable for a curved metal material, comprising the steps of:
sending terahertz waves to the surface of the sample, and determining the flight time according to the obtained reflected echo time;
based on the obtained flight time, combining the wave speed of the terahertz wave, the refraction angle of the terahertz wave when the terahertz wave is incident and the refractive index of the corrosion layer, obtaining the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved surface metal material of the set measuring point, and determining the final corrosion layer information according to the obtained data of a plurality of measuring points.
The reflected echo time includes a first reflected echo time and a second reflected echo time.
The difference between the first reflected echo time and the second reflected echo time is the time of flight.
The first reflection echo time is specifically:
when the metal material is uncoated, the emitted terahertz wave reaches the interface of the environment and the corrosion layer, and the time for generating a reflection echo is shortened;
when the metal material contains the coating, the emitted terahertz wave reaches the interface of the coating and the corrosion layer, and the time for generating the reflection echo is shortened.
The second reflection echo time is specifically: the sent terahertz wave reaches the corrosion layer and the surface of the metal substrate, and the time for generating the reflection echo is shortened.
The thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved surface metal material is obtained, and the following formula is shown:
wherein d is the thickness of the corrosion layer, c is the wave speed of terahertz waves, namely the light speed in vacuum, T i For the first reflected echo time, T i+1 For the second reflected echo time, Δt=t i+1 -T i Beta is the refraction angle of terahertz wave when incident, n is the flight time corr Is the refractive index of the etch layer.
Assuming that the incidence angles of the terahertz waves entering the corrosion layer are alpha and the refraction angles are beta, the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved-surface metal material is obtained, and the thickness is shown in the following formula:
wherein n is env Is the refractive index of the ambient medium.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a system for implementing the above method, comprising:
a terahertz module configured to: sending terahertz waves to the surface of the sample, and determining the flight time according to the obtained reflected echo time;
an etch layer thickness output module configured to: based on the obtained flight time, combining the wave speed of the terahertz wave, the refraction angle of the terahertz wave when the terahertz wave is incident and the refractive index of the corrosion layer, obtaining the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved surface metal material of the set measuring point, and determining the final corrosion layer information according to the obtained data of a plurality of measuring points.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps as described above in a method for detecting corrosion thickness of a curved metallic material.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a computer device.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps in the corrosion thickness detection method for curved metallic materials as described above when the program is executed.
Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
1. based on the reflection type terahertz time-domain spectrum signal, the nondestructive, rapid and quantitative detection of the thickness of the corrosion layer of the metal material is realized by utilizing the characteristics that terahertz waves are reflected and transmitted in nonpolar materials (corrosion layers and coatings) and only reflected in polar materials (metal materials) and combining factors such as flight time, material refractive index and the like.
2. The corrosion thickness is calculated by adopting the reflection terahertz time-domain spectrum signal based on the flight time instead of the reflection signal amplitude, so that the detection error caused by detecting the environment influence reflection signal amplitude is reduced, the influence of the environment interference on the detection result is restrained, and the corrosion thickness information is quantitatively analyzed.
3. Compared with the traditional thickness calculation model, the angle factor is added into the calculation model, and the detection result of the corrosion thickness of the metal material suitable for different curved surfaces can be obtained according to the change of the incident angle or the refraction angle, so that compared with the detection mode for the plane material in most of the current modes, the applicability of the detection method can be improved, and the method is suitable for curved surface scenes.
4. Since the terahertz irradiates the surface of the sample with a small light spot, the sample can be regarded as a uniform medium for approximation treatment in the light spot range, and the corrosion layer is measured with the same material in a small range, and at this time, errors due to the non-uniform characteristics of the corrosion layer can be reduced to an acceptable range. Therefore, in actual measurement, the thickness values of the corrosion layers are obtained by adopting a multipoint measurement mode, and final thickness information is obtained by utilizing a median average filtering method or a direct averaging method, so that errors are reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a corrosion thickness detection principle for a curved surface material without a coating according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a corrosion thickness detection principle of a curved surface material in the case of a coating according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
As described in the background art, the nondestructive detection technology for corrosion of metal materials can be classified into ultrasonic detection, magnetic leakage detection, eddy current detection, optical detection, and the like. Because of different detection principles, the detection technologies can adapt to different scenes, and the detection technologies can be selected according to the detection environment and the specific conditions of detection objects in actual detection.
The ultrasonic detection technology needs to analyze the intensity of the reflected echo, so that a coupling material needs to be used between the detected surface and the probe, and if the surface coupling is poor, the detection result can be seriously affected, so that the detection of the heterogeneous material is difficult.
The magnetic leakage detection technology performs defect diagnosis based on magnetic permeability change, so that only ferromagnetic materials can be detected, and therefore, the quantitative detection capability of the thickness of the corrosion defect is limited.
The eddy current detection technology is based on the electromagnetic induction principle, can only detect conductive materials, has difficulty in quantitatively characterizing defects, has limited defect detection capability for complex sample shapes and deeper positions, and cannot be used for detecting samples with complex shapes.
The terahertz detection technology is mainly used for detecting the coating, the coating is a substance with relatively uniform material distribution and thickness, the morphological difference between the coating and the corrosion layer is large, on one hand, the components of the corrosion layer are complex and the corrosion products are unevenly distributed, on the other hand, the terahertz detection technology obtains a detection result by utilizing the flight time of detection light when the detection light vertically enters the surface of a sample, and when the sample is a curved surface, the flight time and the incidence angle of the detection light are difficult to determine, so that the terahertz detection technology is difficult to apply to the thickness detection of the corrosion layer of the curved surface metal material.
Therefore, the following embodiment provides a corrosion thickness detection method and system suitable for curved metal materials, based on a reflection terahertz time-domain spectrum signal, quantitative detection of a metal material corrosion layer is realized by utilizing the characteristics that terahertz waves are reflected and transmitted in nonpolar materials and only reflected in metal materials and combining factors such as flight time, material refractive index and the like.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the corrosion thickness detection method suitable for the curved metal material comprises the following steps:
the terahertz wave is incident on the surface of the sample, and the flight time is determined according to the obtained reflected echo time;
based on the ratio of the product of the wave speed of the terahertz wave and the refraction angle of the terahertz wave when the terahertz wave is incident and the obtained flight time to the refraction index of the corrosion layer, the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved-surface metal material is obtained.
Specific:
the terahertz source emits terahertz waves and irradiates the surface of a sample, and the terahertz waves penetrate through nonpolar materials such as a coating and a corrosion layer and reflect at interfaces such as environment (air) and the coating, the coating and the corrosion layer, environment (air) and the corrosion layer, the corrosion layer and a curved surface metal substrate by utilizing the characteristics that the terahertz waves reflect and transmit at the nonpolar materials and reflect only at the metal material, so that terahertz reflection echo signals (comprising a first reflection echo and a second reflection echo) are detected.
According to the first reflected echo time T i And a second reflected echo time T i+1 Obtain the flight time delta T and combine the incident angle alpha of terahertz wave and the refractive index n of the corrosion material corr And calculating to obtain the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved-surface metal material.
The first reflection echo time is the reflection echo time T of the received terahertz wave at the interface of the environment (air) and the non-coating corrosion layer or the interface of the coating and the corrosion layer (containing the coating) i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The second reflected echo signal is the reflected echo time T for receiving the corrosion layer and the steel substrate and other metal substrate surfaces i+1 。
The corrosion thickness calculation model of the curved steel material is as follows:
where d is the thickness of the etch layer, c is the speed of light in vacuum (i.e., the wave speed of terahertz waves), Δt=t i+1 -T i Beta is the refraction angle of terahertz wave when incident, n is the flight time corr Is the refractive index of the etch layer.
Further, a thickness calculation model of the etching layer may be calculated from the incident angle α of the terahertz wave:
wherein n is env Is the refractive index of the ambient medium. Here, it is assumed that the incident angles of terahertz waves into the etching layer are α and the refraction angles are β.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, in the case of no coating, S0 is an initial incident signal of a terahertz wave, S1 is a reflected echo signal of an interface between air (environment) and a corrosion layer, S2 is a reflected echo of the corrosion layer and a metal substrate surface such as a steel substrate, and a time difference between the reflected echo signal S1 and the reflected echo signal S2 is a flight time Δt of the corresponding corrosion layer. Therefore, in the case of no coating, the calculation model of the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved metal material is:
wherein n is air Is the refractive index of air.
For example, as shown in fig. 2, in the case of the coating, S0 is an initial incident signal of the terahertz wave, S1 is a reflected echo signal of an interface between air and the coating, S2 is a reflected echo signal of an interface between the coating and the corrosion layer, S3 is a reflected echo of a surface of a metal substrate such as the corrosion layer and the steel substrate, and a difference between the reflected echo signal S2 and the reflected echo signal S3 is a flight time Δt of the corresponding corrosion layer, that is, a time of S2 is taken as a first reflected echo time, and a time of S3 is taken as a second reflected echo time. Therefore, the thickness calculation model of the corrosion layer of the curved steel material is as follows:
wherein n is coa Is the refractive index of the coating.
Since the terahertz irradiates the sample surface with a small light spot, the material is regarded as a uniform medium in the light spot range for approximation treatment, and the material is regarded as a uniform material in a small range, so that the corrosion layer is measured, and at this time, errors caused by the non-uniform characteristics of the corrosion layer can be reduced to an acceptable range. Therefore, in actual measurement, the thickness data of the corrosion layer of a plurality of measuring points are detected at one time by adopting multipoint measurement, and the final thickness information is obtained for a plurality of obtained thickness values of the corrosion layer by utilizing a median average filtering method or a direct averaging method so as to reduce errors.
The process can realize nondestructive, rapid and quantitative detection of the thickness of the corrosion layer of the metal material.
The advantages of high sensitivity, high detection speed, no damage and the like of the terahertz measurement technology are utilized, and the characteristics that terahertz waves are reflected and transmitted in nonpolar materials and only reflected in metal materials are combined, so that the purpose of no damage and quick detection on corrosion is achieved.
The corrosion thickness is calculated by adopting the reflection terahertz time-domain spectrum signal based on the flight time instead of the reflection signal amplitude, so that the detection error caused by detecting the environment influence reflection signal amplitude is reduced, the influence of the environment interference on the detection result is restrained, and the corrosion thickness information is quantitatively analyzed.
Compared with the traditional thickness calculation model, the angle factor is added into the calculation model, and the detection result of the corrosion thickness of the metal material suitable for different curved surfaces can be obtained according to the change of the incident angle or the refraction angle.
Embodiment two:
the system for realizing the method comprises the following steps:
a terahertz module configured to: the terahertz wave is incident on the surface of the sample, and the flight time is determined according to the obtained reflected echo time;
an etch layer thickness output module configured to: based on the obtained flight time, combining the wave speed of the terahertz wave, the refraction angle of the terahertz wave when the terahertz wave is incident and the refractive index of the corrosion layer, obtaining the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved surface metal material of the set measuring point, and determining the final corrosion layer information according to the obtained data of a plurality of measuring points.
Embodiment III:
the present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the corrosion thickness detection method applicable to a curved metal material as described in the above embodiment.
Embodiment four:
the present embodiment provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, where the processor executes the program to implement the steps in the method for detecting corrosion thickness of a curved metal material according to the first embodiment.
The steps or networks involved in the above embodiments two to four correspond to the embodiment one, and the detailed description of the embodiment one can be referred to in the relevant description section of the embodiment one. The term "computer-readable storage medium" should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media including one or more sets of instructions; it should also be understood to include any medium capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by a processor and that cause the processor to perform any one of the methods of the present invention.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The corrosion thickness detection method suitable for the curved surface metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
sending terahertz waves to the surface of the sample, and determining the flight time according to the obtained reflected echo time;
based on the obtained flight time, combining the wave speed of the terahertz wave, the refraction angle of the terahertz wave when the terahertz wave is incident and the refractive index of the corrosion layer, obtaining the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved surface metal material of the set measuring point, and determining the final corrosion layer information according to the obtained data of a plurality of measuring points.
2. The method for detecting the corrosion thickness of a curved metal material according to claim 1, wherein the reflected echo time includes a first reflected echo time and a second reflected echo time.
3. The method for detecting the corrosion thickness of a curved metal material according to claim 2, wherein the difference between the first reflection echo time and the second reflection echo time is a time of flight.
4. The method for detecting the corrosion thickness of a curved metal material according to claim 2, wherein the first reflection echo time is specifically:
when the metal material is uncoated, the emitted terahertz wave reaches the interface of the environment and the corrosion layer, and the time for generating a reflection echo is shortened;
when the metal material contains the coating, the emitted terahertz wave reaches the interface of the coating and the corrosion layer, and the time for generating the reflection echo is shortened.
5. The method for detecting the corrosion thickness of the curved metal material according to claim 2, wherein the second reflection echo time is specifically: the sent terahertz wave reaches the corrosion layer and the surface of the metal substrate, and the time for generating the reflection echo is shortened.
6. The method for detecting the corrosion thickness of the curved metal material according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved metal material is obtained as shown in the following formula:
wherein d is the thickness of the corrosion layer, c is the wave speed of terahertz waves, namely the light speed in vacuum, T i For the first reflected echo time, T i+1 For the second reflected echo time, Δt=t i+1 -T i Beta is the refraction angle of terahertz wave when incident, n is the flight time corr Is the refractive index of the etch layer.
7. The method for detecting the thickness of a corrosion layer of a curved metal material according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved metal material is obtained assuming that the incident angles of terahertz waves into the corrosion layer are α and the refraction angles are β, as shown in the following formula:
wherein n is env Is the refractive index of the ambient medium.
8. Corrosion thickness detecting system suitable for curved surface metal material, its characterized in that includes:
a terahertz module configured to: sending terahertz waves to the surface of the sample, and determining the flight time according to the obtained reflected echo time;
an etch layer thickness output module configured to: based on the obtained flight time, combining the wave speed of the terahertz wave, the refraction angle of the terahertz wave when the terahertz wave is incident and the refractive index of the corrosion layer, obtaining the thickness of the corrosion layer of the curved surface metal material of the set measuring point, and determining the final corrosion layer information according to the obtained data of a plurality of measuring points.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps in the corrosion thickness detection method for a curved metal material according to any of the preceding claims 1-7.
10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps in the method for corrosion thickness detection for curved metallic materials of any one of claims 1-7 when the program is executed.
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