CN116858044A - Safe type can adorn gunpowder time fuze for fuming jar and grenade - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe type fixed powder time fuse for a smoke pot and a grenade, which comprises a body, a firing mechanism, a safety mechanism, a safe and explosion-proof releasing mechanism, a time setting mechanism and a fire transmission tube. The safety mechanism and the time setting mechanism of the ignition mechanism respectively release the safety by different manual actions and form fuse redundancy safety, the horizontal rotor in the safety and release explosion-proof mechanism and the vertical rotor in the time setting mechanism jointly form a fuse explosion-proof system, and the time setting mechanism can realize manual switching of short delay setting and long delay setting. The fuse has a simple structure, fully utilizes the fuse space, has the explosion-proof, redundant safety, delay release explosion-proof and fire-proof performance, and can ensure the safety of fuse service treatment, use and explosive treatment.

Description

Safe type can adorn gunpowder time fuze for fuming jar and grenade

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuses, and particularly relates to a safe and definite gunpowder-installable time fuse for a smoke tank and a grenade.

Background

Grenades can be used not only for killing and blasting on general attack and defence areas, but also on complex terrains such as mountains, jungles, moats, shelters, etc. for destroying armored vehicles for enemies and for destroying light permanent field defence works. The fuming pot is mainly used for signaling, shielding and controlling crowd or disturbance, and can also be used for confusing enemies and burning facilities. The fuming pot and grenade are used as single soldier carrying throwing ammunition, are different from barrel-launched ammunition, have no launching environment and ballistic environment and are complex in use environment, and can only be used for enabling the fuze to be converted from a safe state to a cocked state by virtue of soldier operation. It is therefore particularly important that the smoke canister and grenade fuze ensure service and use safety. Smoke cans typically use ignition fuses such as M201A in the united states, while grenades typically employ detonation fuses such as M213 and M228 in the united states.

In the prior art, a single fixed delay mode is adopted for the fuming tank and the grenade time fuse, and in the actual use process, the operation flexibility is poor aiming at targets with different distances. Particularly, when the hand-throwing type antiriot bomb is used in a short distance, the disposal target has long reaction time, and is easy to pick up and throw reversely by the target, so that injury is caused to personnel on the my side. There is therefore an urgent need to develop a safe fuming can and grenade fuze that can be set for extended periods of time for tactical purposes.

The grenade fuze disclosed in swiss patent CH74859a and CH76390a and US patent No. 3705552a has no flame-proof and settable functions. The grenade fuze MD82 and the grenade fuze disclosed in the U.S. Pat. No. 3,262B 1 have the function of flame-proof, but only have one safety, and the delay time is not determinable.

The grenade fuze disclosed in Chinese patent 202110832068.6 has the aim similar to the grenade fuze disclosed in the invention. However, the grenade fuze of the invention has three problems:

(1) Although having the function of flame-proof, the method does not meet the redundant insurance requirement specified in GJB3194-1998, manual layout weapon safety design criteria: "rotating the pull ring 3-7 counterclockwise and pulling out, pulling out the safety pin 3-5 and bringing out the cotter pin 3-6", "pulling out the safety pin" is associated with "action of bringing out the cotter pin" together but not independently;

(2) The first delay body gunpowder body 4-6 and the second delay body 4-7 are not provided with large enough air chambers, and no air chambers are added at any more, so that the combustion stability and the delay precision are difficult to ensure;

(3) The second explosion-transmitting channel 5-8 is of an open structure, so that the fuze loses sealing performance, and under the condition that the output detonator 4-5 is accidentally ignited, high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous products of the fuze bypass the horizontal rotor explosion-proof piece and directly flow out of the explosion-transmitting channel 5-8 to enter a main explosive loading chamber of the warhead, and the explosive loading agent can be ignited or detonated to generate accidents.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a safe type fixed powder time fuse for a smoke pot and a grenade, which has the advantages of simple structure, small volume and high time delay precision.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a safe type timing fuse capable of loading and fixing powder for a fuming pot and a grenade consists of a body, a firing mechanism, a safety mechanism of the firing mechanism, a safety and explosion-proof release mechanism, a timing mechanism and a fire transmission tube. The body is provided with a non-coaxial five-step through hole with the diameter reduced and increased firstly, and a first step hole, a second step hole, a third step hole, a fourth step hole and a fifth step hole are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. Part of the ignition mechanism, the safety and explosion-proof releasing mechanism, the time setting mechanism and the fire transfer tube are sequentially arranged in the five-order non-coaxial through hole of the body from top to bottom. Wherein the time-setting mechanism occupies both the third order aperture and the fourth order aperture. The ignition mechanism consists of a body, a fire cap seat, an impact fire cap, a turning plate, a hammer arranged on the turning plate and a first torsion spring, and the safety mechanism of the ignition mechanism consists of the body, the turning plate, a cotter pin, a pull ring, a handle and a safety pin for locking the handle. The fire cap seat of the ignition mechanism is positioned in the first-stage hole of the body and is positioned with the body through the bayonet lock. The fire cap seat is provided with two groups of second-order through holes with diameters decreasing from top to bottom in sequence. The first group of through holes are a sixth-order hole and a seventh-order hole from top to bottom in sequence, the input end of the impact fire cap faces outwards to the sixth-order hole, and the impact fire cap is fixed on the fire cap seat in a spot riveting mode. The second group of through holes are an eighth-order hole and a ninth-order hole from top to bottom in sequence, and a blind hole is formed in the position, close to the first group of stepped through holes, of the bottom surface of the eighth-order hole of the fire cap seat and is a first blind hole. The turning plate, the ram, the rotating shaft and the first torsion spring are positioned on the outer side of the body, wherein the first torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The safe and explosion-proof releasing mechanism has explosion-proof, redundant safety and delay releasing functions and is mainly realized by a horizontal rotor mechanism, and the safe and explosion-proof releasing mechanism specifically comprises a body, a horizontal rotor seat, a fire cap seat, a delay medicine tube, a safety pin and a flame delay detonator, and the explosion-proof function of the time setting mechanism also belongs to the safe and explosion-proof releasing mechanism. Wherein the horizontal rotor seat and the vertical rotor seat in the time setting mechanism are explosion-proof pieces. The safety pin of the delay medicine tube is a gunpowder-mechanical safety mechanism with the delay explosion-proof function aiming at the horizontal rotor seat, and the safety is relieved by manually operating the rear release turning plate and the impact hammer to strike the impact fire cap and igniting the delay medicine tube after striking the fire cap to fire. The safety of the vertical rotor seat through the limiting pin by the spring and the cover plate is a mechanical safety mechanism which is manually pressed and then rotates to release the safety, namely a pressing-rotating safety mechanism for short, and the safety is released while time setting is carried out before throwing, namely, the insensitive delay tube or the insensitive fire guide tube is overlapped with the axis of the fuse, namely the axis of the fire guide tube and the axis of the flame delay detonator in a correcting state when the vertical rotor seat rotates forward or backward by 45 degrees around the shaft. The gunpowder-mechanical safety mechanism and the pressing-rotating safety mechanism form redundant safety of the fuse, and the fuse is relieved by manual action respectively. Wherein the arming action of the pyrotechnic-mechanical safety mechanism eventually results from the removal of the cotter pin prior to the throwing of the fuming can or grenade, pulling the safety pin out with a pull ring, and releasing the grip to release the ram upon throwing. The fuze explosion-proof mechanism specifically comprises a body, a fire cap seat, a horizontal rotor seat, a flame delay detonator, a second torsion spring, a vertical rotor seat, a spring, an insensitive delay tube and an insensitive fire guide tube. The fuse gunpowder-mechanical safety mechanism comprises a body, a horizontal rotor seat, a safety pin, a delay powder tube, an impact fire cap, a fire cap seat, a rotating shaft, a ram, a turning plate and a first torsion spring. The fuse pressing-rotating safety mechanism specifically comprises a body, a cover plate, a vertical rotor seat, a spring and a limiting pin 11, wherein the limiting pin 11 is fixedly adhered to the vertical rotor seat 73. The fuse delay release explosion-proof mechanism mainly comprises a body, a safety pin, a delay medicine tube, a horizontal rotor seat, an impact fire cap, a fire cap seat, a rotating shaft, a ram, a turning plate and a first torsion spring. The horizontal rotor comprises a delay powder tube, a flame delay detonator, a horizontal rotor seat and a safety pin. The horizontal rotor seat is mainly structurally a revolving body, and a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder are sequentially arranged from the top end to the bottom end of the horizontal rotor seat. The top surface of the first cylinder of the horizontal rotor seat is provided with a radial groove downwards, the second torsion spring is sleeved on the first cylinder of the horizontal rotor seat, the outer end head of the second torsion spring is clamped into the radial groove on the first cylinder of the horizontal rotor seat, and the inner end head of the second torsion spring is inserted into the first blind hole of the fire cap seat. The second cylindrical end face of the horizontal rotor seat is downwards provided with a second-order through hole, a first-order blind hole and a U-shaped groove, wherein the diameters of the second-order through hole, the first-order blind hole and the U-shaped groove are sequentially increased. The horizontal rotor seat is provided with an arc fire transmission groove between the second-order through hole, the first-order blind hole and the U-shaped groove, and is also provided with a straight groove which is communicated with the first-order blind hole along the radial direction, wherein the second-order through hole is sequentially provided with a tenth-order hole and an eleventh-order hole from top to bottom. The flame delay detonator is positioned in the eleventh order hole in an upward direction of the input end and is fixed on the horizontal rotor seat in a spot riveting mode. The body is provided with a blind hole below the flame delay detonator for explosion venting so as to be beneficial to realizing explosion suppression safety. The delay medicine tube is positioned in the first-order blind hole of the horizontal rotor seat in an upward direction of the input end and is fixed on the horizontal rotor seat in a spot riveting mode. The safety pin is positioned in the straight groove, and the hemispherical head of the safety pin extends out of the horizontal rotor seat and enters the arc-shaped groove of the body so as to clamp the horizontal rotor seat. The body is provided with a transverse blind hole which is a second blind hole along the radial direction between the third-order hole and the fourth-order hole, and the vertical rotor is positioned in the second blind hole. The vertical rotor consists of an insensitive delay tube, an insensitive fire guiding tube, a vertical rotor seat and a limiting pin. The outer contour of the vertical rotor seat is basically a second-order cylinder, one end with a small diameter is positioned outside the second blind hole of the body, one end with a large diameter is positioned in the second blind hole of the body, a coaxial third blind hole is formed in the end face with a large diameter, and the inner end face of the third blind hole presses the spring. The vertical rotor seat is provided with a second-order through hole which is a twelfth-order hole and a thirteenth-order hole along the radial direction near the bottom of the third blind hole, and the insensitive delay tube is positioned in the twelfth-order hole and fixed in a mouth point riveting mode. The vertical rotor seat is provided with a through hole which is a fourteenth-order hole along the central axis vertical to the twelfth-order hole and in the same plane. The insensitive fire guiding pipe is divided into two parts which are positioned in the fourteenth-order hole and positioned at two sides of the insensitive delay pipe respectively, and the insensitive fire guiding pipe is also fixed in a mouth part spot riveting mode. The vertical rotor seat is positioned with the body through a limiting pin. The cover plate is positioned with the body through the positioning pin, and is fixedly connected with the body through two screws, so that the vertical rotor seat and the vertical rotor are blocked in the second blind hole. Wherein the positioning pin 10 is adhesively secured to the body 1. The fire transfer tube is positioned in the fifth-order hole of the body and is fixed by the body in a closing-in or spot riveting mode; the horizontal rotor seat is internally provided with a delay powder tube and a gunpowder delay detonator for delaying the release of explosion suppression, the vertical rotor seat is internally provided with an insensitive delay tube and an insensitive fire guide tube, and the horizontal rotor and the vertical rotor form a fuze explosion suppression mechanism together.

The side surface of the insensitive delay tube on the vertical rotor seat is provided with a pressure relief groove, and the side surface of the delay tube and the two sides of the flame delay detonator on the horizontal rotor seat are also respectively provided with a pressure relief groove which is used as a delay drug combustion depressurization air chamber so as to be beneficial to stable combustion and accurate timing of the delay drug.

The time setting mechanism mainly comprises a body, a flame delay detonator in the horizontal rotor, an insensitive fire guide tube in the vertical rotor and an insensitive delay tube. The delay time of the flame delay detonator is 1.0-2.0 s on average, the insensitive fire guiding tube is instantaneous, and the delay time of the insensitive fire guiding tube is 1.0-2.0 s, so that the delay time of the detonator is mainly realized by the flame delay detonator when the short delay setting, namely the vertical rotor aligns to the axis by the insensitive fire guiding tube, and the average action delay of the detonator is 1.0-2.0 s on average. When the long delay setting is realized, namely, the vertical rotor is aligned with the insensitive delay tube, the average action delay of the fuze comprises 1.0-2.0 s of the flame delay detonator 62 and 1.0-2.0 s of the insensitive delay tube 71, and the total delay is 2.0-4.0 s.

The charges in the insensitive delay tube are all insensitive agents, including insensitive delay agent and boron/potassium nitrate ignition agent.

The charge in the insensitive squib is also a insensitive agent, such as boron/potassium nitrate ignition charge.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The gunpowder safety mechanism and the manual safety mechanism form a fuse redundancy safety, the horizontal rotor and the vertical rotor form a fuse explosion-proof system together, and the fuse explosion-proof system also has a function of delaying release of explosion-proof and is good in safety.

(2) The time setting mechanism can realize the manual switching of the short delay setting and the long delay setting.

(3) Simple structure, small occupied space and low cost.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a safe, customizable powder time fuse for a smoke canister and grenade of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of A-A of the safe settable powder time fuse of the present invention for a smoke canister and grenade.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a safe, customizable powder time fuse for a smoke canister and grenade of the present invention, in section B-B.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a safe, customizable powder time fuse for a smoke canister and grenade of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a D-D cross-sectional view of the safe, customizable powder time fuse of the present invention for a smoke canister and grenade.

Figure 6 is an F-direction view of a safe settable powder time fuse for a smoke canister and grenade of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a G-G cross-sectional view of a safe, customizable powder time fuse for a smoke canister and grenade of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a safe, customizable powder time fuse for a smoke canister and grenade of the present invention, in H-H.

Figure 9 is a J-J cross-sectional view of a safe, customizable powder time fuse for a smoke canister and grenade of the present invention.

In the drawing the view of the figure, 1 as body (number one), 2 as firing mechanism (number one), 3 as safety and release flameproof mechanism (number one), 4 as time setting mechanism (number one), 5 as fire cap seat (number one), 6 as horizontal rotor (number one), 7 as vertical rotor (number one), 8 as second torsion spring (number one), 9 as cover plate (number one), 10 as locating pin (number one), 11 as limit pin (number one), 12 as screw (number several), 13 as spindle (number one), 14 as bayonet lock (number one), 15 as cover cap (number one), 16 as grip (number one), 17 as rotary shaft (number one), 21 as fire cap seat (number one), 22 as impact fire cap (number one), 23 as flap (number one), 24 as hammer (number one), 25 as safety pin (number one), 26 as first torsion spring (number one), 27 as cotter pin (number one), 28 as pull ring (number one), 61 as drug), 61 as lid (number one), 16 as fire cap seat (number one), 22 as fire cap seat (number one), 23 as fire tube (number one, 72 as flame-retardant seat (number one), and 72 as fire-retardant tube (number one) Reference numeral 73 denotes a vertical rotor seat (one in number), and 74 denotes a spring (one in number).

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.

The description as it relates to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" means at least two, for example two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "affixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "affixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; the "connection" may be mechanical or electrical. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In high-level fuze designs, common part designs, which are well-known in the art, are often used, which can cause functional confusion if a common part is defined. The invention adopts the common design of parts, so that the whole structure is simple, the occupied space is small, and the cost is low.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a safe type timing fuse capable of setting powder for a fuming pot and a grenade comprises a body 1, a firing mechanism 2, a safety mechanism of the firing mechanism, a safety and explosion-proof releasing mechanism 3, a time setting mechanism 4, a fire transfer tube 5, a fuse explosion-proof mechanism and a fuse delay explosion-proof releasing mechanism. The body 1 is provided with a non-coaxial five-step through hole with the diameter firstly reduced and then increased, and the non-coaxial five-step through hole is a first step hole, a second step hole, a third step hole, a fourth step hole and a fifth step hole from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the first step hole and the second step hole are coaxial, and the third step hole, the fourth step hole and the fifth step hole are coaxial. Part of the ignition mechanism 2, the safety and explosion-proof releasing mechanism 3, the time setting mechanism 4 and the fire transfer tube 5 are sequentially arranged in the five-order non-coaxial through hole of the body 1 from top to bottom. Wherein the time-setting mechanism occupies both the third order aperture and the fourth order aperture. The ignition mechanism 2 consists of a body 1, a fire cap seat 21, an impact fire cap 22, a turning plate 23, a ram 24 arranged on the turning plate 23 and a first torsion spring 26, and the safety mechanism of the ignition mechanism consists of the body 1, the turning plate 23, a cotter pin 27, a pull ring 28, a handle 16 and a safety pin 25 for locking the handle 16. The fire cap seat 21 of the ignition mechanism is positioned in the first-stage hole of the body 1 and is positioned with the body 1 through the bayonet 14. The fire cap seat 21 is provided with two groups of second-order through holes with diameters decreasing from top to bottom in sequence, namely a first group of through holes and a second group of through holes. The first group of through holes are sequentially a sixth-order hole and a seventh-order hole from top to bottom, and the input end of the impact fire cap 22 is outwards arranged in the sixth-order hole and is fixed on the fire cap seat 21 in a spot riveting mode. The second group of through holes are an eighth order hole and a ninth order hole from top to bottom in sequence, and a blind hole is arranged at the position, close to the first group of step through holes, of the bottom surface of the eighth order hole of the fire cap seat 21 and is a first blind hole. The turning plate 23, the hammer 24, the rotating shaft 13, the rotating shaft 17 and the first torsion spring 26 are positioned outside the body 1, wherein the first torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft 17. The safety and explosion-proof releasing mechanism 3 has explosion-proof, redundant safety and delay releasing functions and is mainly realized by a horizontal rotor mechanism, and specifically comprises a body 1, a horizontal rotor seat 63, a fire cap seat 21, a delay medicine tube 61, a safety pin 64 and a flame delay detonator 62, and the explosion-proof function of the time setting mechanism 4 also belongs to the safety and explosion-proof releasing mechanism 3. Wherein the horizontal rotor seat 63 and the vertical rotor seat 73 in the time setting mechanism 4 are explosion-proof pieces. The safety pin 64 secured by the delay tube 61 is a powder-mechanical safety mechanism with a delay release flame-proof function for the horizontal rotor seat 63, and the release flap 23 and the ram 24 are manually operated to strike the impact cap 22 when throwing, and the delay tube 61 is ignited to release the safety after the impact cap 22 fires. The safety of the vertical rotor seat 73 by the spring 74 and the cover plate 9 through the limit pin 11 is a mechanical safety mechanism for releasing the safety by manually pressing and then rotating, namely a pressing-rotating safety mechanism for short, and the safety is released while time setting is carried out before throwing, namely, the insensitive delay tube 71 or the insensitive fire guide tube 72 is overlapped with the axis of the fuze, namely the axis of the fire transmission tube 5 and the axis of the flame delay detonator 62 in the state of being turned around the axis by rotating the vertical rotor seat 73 by 45 degrees in the forward direction or the reverse direction. The gunpowder-mechanical safety mechanism and the pressing-rotating safety mechanism form redundant safety of the fuse, and the fuse is relieved by manual action respectively. Wherein the arming action of the pyrotechnic-mechanical safety mechanism eventually results from the removal of the cotter pin 27 prior to the casting of the fuming can or grenade, pulling the safety pin 25 out with the pull ring 28, and releasing the grip 16 to release the ram 24 upon casting. The fuze explosion-proof mechanism specifically comprises a body 1, a fire cap seat 21, a horizontal rotor seat 63, a flame delay detonator 62, a second torsion spring 8, a vertical rotor seat 73, a spring 74, an insensitive delay tube 71 and an insensitive fire guide tube 72. The fuse powder-mechanical safety mechanism comprises a body 1, a horizontal rotor seat 63, a safety pin 64, a delay powder tube 61, an impact fire cap 22, a fire cap seat 21, a rotary shaft 17, a ram 24, a turning plate 23 and a first torsion spring 26. The fuse pressing-rotating safety mechanism specifically comprises a body 1, a cover plate 9, a vertical rotor seat 73, a spring 74 and a limiting pin 11, wherein the limiting pin 11 is fixedly adhered to the vertical rotor seat 73. The fuse delay release explosion-proof mechanism mainly comprises a body 1, a safety pin 64, a delay medicine tube 61, a horizontal rotor seat 63, an impact fire cap 22, a fire cap seat 21, a rotary shaft 17, a ram 24, a turning plate 23 and a first torsion spring 26. The horizontal rotor 6 includes a delay powder tube 61, a flame delay detonator 62, a horizontal rotor seat 63, and a safety pin 64. The horizontal rotor seat 63 is mainly structured as a revolution body, and is sequentially a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder from the top end to the bottom end thereof. The first cylinder top surface of the horizontal rotor seat 63 is provided with a radial groove downwards, the second torsion spring 8 is sleeved on the first cylinder of the horizontal rotor seat 63, the outer end head of the second torsion spring is clamped into the radial groove on the first cylinder of the horizontal rotor seat 63, and the inner end head of the second torsion spring is inserted into the first blind hole of the fire cap seat 21. The second cylindrical end surface of the horizontal rotor seat 63 is provided with a second-order through hole, a first-order blind hole and a U-shaped groove with diameters sequentially increased downwards. The horizontal rotor seat 63 is provided with an arc fire transmission groove between the second-order through hole, the first-order blind hole and the U-shaped groove, and is also provided with a straight groove which is communicated with the first-order blind hole along the radial direction, wherein the second-order through hole is sequentially provided with a tenth-order hole and an eleventh-order hole from top to bottom. The flame delay detonator 62 is positioned in the eleventh order hole with the input end facing upwards and is fixed on the horizontal rotor seat 63 by spot riveting. The body 1 is provided with a blind hole below the flame delay detonator 62 for explosion venting to facilitate the realization of explosion-proof safety. The delay tube 61 is located in the first-order blind hole of the horizontal rotor seat 63 with its input end facing upwards, and is fixed on the horizontal rotor seat 63 by spot riveting. The safety pin 64 is located in the straight groove and its hemispherical head extends out of the horizontal rotor seat 63 into the arc groove of the body 1 to lock the horizontal rotor seat 63. The body 1 is provided with a transverse blind hole which is a second blind hole along the radial direction between the third-order hole and the fourth-order hole, and the vertical rotor 7 is positioned in the second blind hole. The vertical rotor 7 consists of an insensitive delay tube 71, an insensitive fire guide tube 72, a vertical rotor seat 73 and a limiting pin 11. The outer contour of the vertical rotor seat 73 is basically a second-order cylinder, the end with the small diameter is located outside the second blind hole of the body 1, the end with the large diameter is located in the second blind hole of the body 1, the end face with the large diameter is provided with a coaxial third blind hole, and the inner end face of the third blind hole is propped against the spring 74. The vertical rotor seat 73 is provided with a second-order through hole which is a twelfth-order hole and a thirteenth-order hole along the radial direction near the bottom of the third blind hole, and the insensitive delay tube 72 is positioned in the twelfth-order hole and fixed in a mouth point riveting mode. The vertical rotor seat 73 is a fourteenth-stage hole, and a through hole is further formed in the same plane along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the twelfth-stage hole. The insensitive fire tube 72 is divided into two identical parts, which are respectively positioned in the fourteenth-order hole and positioned at two sides of the insensitive delay tube 71, and are also fixed in a mouth part spot riveting mode. The vertical rotor seat 73 is positioned by the limiting pin 11 and the body 1. The cover plate 9 is positioned with the body 1 by a positioning pin 10, and the cover plate 9 is fixedly connected with the body 1 by two screws 12, so that the vertical rotor seat 73 and the vertical rotor 7 are blocked in the second blind hole. Wherein the positioning pin 10 is adhesively secured to the body 1. The fire transfer tube 5 is positioned in the fifth-order hole of the body 1 and is fixed by the body 1 in a closing-in or spot riveting mode; the horizontal rotor seat 63 is internally provided with a delay powder tube 61 and a gunpowder delay detonator 62 for delay relief, the vertical rotor seat 73 is internally provided with an insensitive delay tube 71 and an insensitive fire guide tube 72, and the horizontal rotor 6 and the vertical rotor 7 jointly form a fuze explosion-proof mechanism.

The vertical rotor seat 73 is provided with a pressure relief groove on the side surface of the insensitive delay tube 71, and the horizontal rotor seat 63 is also provided with pressure relief grooves on one side of the delay tube 61 and two sides of the flame delay detonator 62 respectively, so as to be used as a delay agent combustion pressure reduction air chamber, thereby being beneficial to stable combustion and accurate timing of the delay agent.

The time setting mechanism mainly comprises a body 1, a flame delay detonator 62 in a horizontal rotor 6, an insensitive fire guide tube 72 in a vertical rotor 7 and an insensitive delay tube 71. The delay time of the flame delay detonator 62 is 1.0-2.0 s on average, the delay time of the insensitive fire guiding tube 72 is instantaneous, and the delay time of the insensitive delay tube 71 is 1.0-2.0 s, so that the delay time of the fuze is mainly realized by the flame delay detonator 62 when the short delay setting, namely the vertical rotor 7 is aligned with the axis of the insensitive fire guiding tube 72, is realized, and the average delay time is 1.0-2.0 s. When the vertical rotor 7 is aligned with the insensitive delay tube 71 to realize the long delay setting, the delay of the fuze action comprises the average of 1.0-2.0 s of the flame delay detonator 62 and the average of 1.0-2.0 s of the insensitive delay tube 71, and the total average is 2.0-4.0 s.

The charges in the insensitive delay tube 71 are all insensitive agents including insensitive delay agents and boron/potassium nitrate ignition agents.

When the invention is used for a fuming pot, the ignition fuse is adopted, and the powder 53 is selected from boron/potassium nitrate powder; the invention is used for grenades and is a detonation fuse, the fire transfer tube 5 is changed into a detonation transfer tube, the charging structure is that the input end is boron/potassium nitrate, the output end is black-14, and the main working principle is that the combustion is changed into detonation.

In the service processing stage, reliable impact and vibration, including falling, bumping, transportation vibration, vibration and the like, can not change the assembly state of the fuze. The specific structural principle is as follows: the handle 16 is locked by the safety pin 25, and the safety pin 25 is locked by the cotter pin 27, and the handle 16 presses down the turning plate 23 and the hammer 24, so that the striking fire cap 22 cannot be triggered to fire accidentally. If the handle 16 accidentally drops off or the fire cap 22 is accidentally self-ignited due to other reasons, the flame-proof mechanism of the vertical rotor 7 does not ignite the fire transfer tube 5, so that the safety of the service treatment stage can be ensured.

The working principle of the invention when in use is as follows: the projectile body and the grip 16 are gripped, and a long delay mode or a short delay mode is selected according to tactical purposes, namely, the vertical rotor seat 73 is pressed in the radial direction firstly, the limiting pin 11 on the vertical rotor seat is separated from the cover plate 9, the rotation constraint on the vertical rotor seat 73 is released, then the vertical rotor seat 73 is rotated, the insensitive delay tube 71 or the insensitive fire guide tube 72 on the vertical rotor seat is aligned with the fire guide tube 5, and thus, the long delay or the short delay setting is completed. The cotter pin 27 is then pulled out by manual action, and the safety pin 25 is pulled out through the pull ring 28. The fuze is now in a state to be thrown. The handle should be held all the time before throwing. After throwing according to tactical requirements, under the action of the first torsion spring 26, aerodynamic force and inertia force, the handle 16 is separated from the elastomer, the restriction of the handle 16 on the turning plate 23 and the hammer 24 is released, the turning plate 23 is driven by the first torsion spring 26 to drive the hammer 24 to strike the impact fire cap 22, the impact fire cap 22 fires and simultaneously fires the flame delay detonator 62 and the delay medicine tube 61 in the horizontal rotor seat 63 downwards, the delay time of the delay medicine tube 61 is 0.5-1.1 s, and the delay time of the flame delay detonator 62 is 1.2-1.8 s. After the end of the combustion of the delay tube 61, it changes from solid to gaseous, thus allowing room for the safety pin 64 to retract radially. Thereafter, under the drive of the second torsion spring 8, the safety pin 64 no longer blocks the horizontal rotor 6, the horizontal rotor 6 and the horizontal rotor seat 63 are rotated, even if the flame delay detonator 62 thereon is aligned with the insensitive delay tube 71 or the insensitive fire guide tube 72 in the vertical rotor 7 according to the setting, the fuse is released and is in a ready state. At this time, the flame delay detonator 62 has not yet ignited and exploded, and a delay of about 0.1 to 1.3 seconds remains. After the delay of 0.1 to 1.3 seconds, the flame delay detonator 62 acts to trigger the subsequent insensitive delay tube 71 or insensitive fire tube 72, depending on the setting. If a insensitive delay tube 71 is initiated, there is a delay of about 1.2s to 1.8s. After this delay, the insensitive delay tube 71 outputs combustion, triggering the fire transfer tube 5. If an insensitive fire tube is initiated, it acts instantaneously to initiate the fire tube 5. Thus, the fuze function with settable action time is completed.

If the horizontal rotor 6 is accidentally misaligned, the flame delay detonator 62 will act on the flameproof position after 1.2s to 1.8s. Because the bottom of the flame delay detonator 62 is provided with the explosion venting blind hole, the insensitive fire guide pipe 72 or the insensitive delay pipe 71 in the vertical rotor 7 can not be ignited, and the flame guide pipe 5 can not be ignited, and at the moment, the detonator loses the normal detonating function and enters the fire-insulating state, thereby ensuring the explosive treatment safety of the non-explosive formed by the detonator which does not release the explosion.

If the ram 24 fails to fire the impact cap 22 accidentally, the impact cap 22 needs more energy to fire, and the possibility of accidental firing is smaller, and no other first explosive element exists in the fuse, so that the fuse can be considered to enter a self-failure state, and the safety of explosive treatment of the non-explosive formed by firing the explosive element.

Claims (4)

1. Safe type can adorn powder time fuze for jar and grenade of fuming, its characterized in that: comprises a body (1), a firing mechanism (2), a safety mechanism of the firing mechanism, a safety and explosion-proof releasing mechanism (3), a time setting mechanism (4) and a fire transfer tube (5); the body (1) is provided with a non-coaxial five-step through hole with the diameter firstly reduced and then increased, and a first step hole, a second step hole, a third step hole, a fourth step hole and a fifth step hole are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the first step hole and the second step hole are coaxial, and the third step hole, the fourth step hole and the fifth step hole are coaxial; part of the ignition mechanism (2), the safety and explosion-proof releasing mechanism (3), the time setting mechanism (4) and the fire transfer tube (5) are sequentially arranged in the five-order non-coaxial through hole of the body (1) from top to bottom; wherein the time setting mechanism (4) occupies both the third order hole and the fourth order hole; the ignition mechanism (2) consists of a body (1), a fire cap seat (21), an impact fire cap (22), a first torsion spring (26), a turning plate (23) and a ram (24) arranged on the turning plate (23), and the safety mechanism of the ignition mechanism consists of the body (1), the turning plate (23), a cotter pin (27), a pull ring (28), a rotating shaft (13), a rotating shaft (17), a handle (16) and a safety pin (25) for locking the handle (16); the fire cap seat (21) of the ignition mechanism is positioned in the first-stage hole of the body (1) and is positioned with the body (1) through the bayonet lock (14); two groups of second-order through holes with diameters decreasing downwards from top to bottom are arranged on the fire cap seat (21), namely a first group of through holes and a second group of through holes; the first group of through holes are sequentially a sixth-order hole and a seventh-order hole from top to bottom, the input end of the impact fire cap (22) is outwards arranged in the sixth-order hole, and the impact fire cap is fixed on the fire cap seat (21) in a spot riveting mode; the second group of through holes are an eighth-order hole and a ninth-order hole in sequence from top to bottom, a blind hole is formed in the bottom surface of the eighth-order hole of the fire cap seat (21) and close to the first group of stepped through holes, and the blind hole is a first blind hole; the turning plate (23), the ram (24), the rotating shaft (13), the rotating shaft (17) and the first torsion spring (26) are positioned at the outer side of the body (1), wherein the first torsion spring (26) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (17); the safety and explosion-proof releasing mechanism (3) has explosion-proof, redundant safety and delay releasing functions and is mainly realized by a horizontal rotor (6), and specifically comprises a body (1), a horizontal rotor seat (63), a fire cap seat (21), a delay medicine tube (61), a safety pin (64) and a flame delay detonator (62), wherein the explosion-proof function of the time setting mechanism (4) also belongs to the safety and explosion-proof releasing mechanism (3); wherein the horizontal rotor seat (63) and the vertical rotor seat (73) in the time setting mechanism (4) are used as explosion-proof pieces; the safety pin (64) which is safeguarded by the delay powder tube (61) is a gunpowder-mechanical safety mechanism which aims at the horizontal rotor seat (63) and has the function of delaying the release of explosion isolation, and the safety is relieved by manually operating the rear release turning plate (23) and the hammer (24) to strike the impact powder cap (22) and igniting the delay powder tube (61) after striking the powder cap (22); the safety of the spring (74) and the cover plate (9) for the vertical rotor seat (73) through the limiting pin (11) is a mechanical safety mechanism for releasing the safety by rotating after being manually pressed, namely a pressing-rotating safety mechanism for short, and the safety is released while time setting is carried out before throwing, namely, the insensitive delay tube (71) or the insensitive fire guide tube (72) is overlapped with the axis of the fuze, namely the axis of the fire transmission tube (5) and the axis of the flame delay detonator (62) in a turning state even if the vertical rotor seat (73) rotates forwards or backwards for 45 degrees around the shaft; the gunpowder-mechanical safety mechanism and the pressing-rotating safety mechanism form redundant safety of the fuse, and the fuse is relieved by manual action respectively; wherein the arming action of the gunpowder-mechanical arming mechanism eventually results from the removal of the cotter pin (27) before the casting of the fuming can or grenade, pulling out the arming pin (25) with the pull ring (28), and releasing the grip (16) to release the ram (24) upon casting; the fuse flame-proof mechanism comprises a body (1), a fire cap seat (21), a second torsion spring, a horizontal rotor (6), a vertical rotor (7), a flame delay detonator (62), a vertical rotor seat (73), a spring (74), an insensitive delay tube (71) and an insensitive fire guide tube (72), and the fuse gunpowder-mechanical safety mechanism comprises the body (1), the horizontal rotor seat (63), a safety pin (64), a delay tube (61), an impact fire cap (22), the fire cap seat (21), a rotary shaft (17), a ram (24), a turning plate (23) and a first torsion spring (26); the fuse pressing-rotating safety mechanism comprises a body (1), a cover plate (9), a vertical rotor seat (73), a spring (74) and a limiting pin (11), wherein the limiting pin (11) is fixedly adhered to the vertical rotor seat (73); the fuse delay release explosion-proof mechanism comprises a body (1), a safety pin (64), a delay medicine tube (61), a horizontal rotor seat (63), an impact fire cap (22), a fire cap seat (21), a rotary shaft (17), a ram (24), a turning plate (23) and a first torsion spring (26); the horizontal rotor (6) comprises a delay powder tube (61), a flame delay detonator (62), a horizontal rotor seat (63) and a safety pin (64); the horizontal rotor seat (63) is mainly structurally a revolving body, and a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder are sequentially arranged from the top end to the bottom end of the revolving body; the top surface of the first cylinder of the horizontal rotor seat (63) is provided with a radial groove downwards, the second torsion spring (8) is sleeved on the first cylinder of the horizontal rotor seat (63), the outer end head of the second torsion spring is clamped into the radial groove on the first cylinder of the horizontal rotor seat (63), and the inner end head of the second torsion spring is inserted into the first blind hole of the fire cap seat (21); the second cylindrical end face of the horizontal rotor seat (63) is downwards provided with a second-order through hole, a first-order blind hole and a U-shaped groove with diameters sequentially increased respectively; the horizontal rotor seat (63) is provided with an arc fire transmission groove between the second-order through hole, the first-order blind hole and the U-shaped groove, and is also provided with a straight groove which is communicated with the first-order blind hole along the radial direction, wherein the second-order through hole is a tenth-order hole and an eleventh-order hole from top to bottom in sequence; the flame delay detonator (62) is positioned in the eleventh order hole in an upward direction of the input end and is fixed on the horizontal rotor seat (63) in a spot riveting mode; the body (1) is provided with a blind hole below the flame delay detonator (62) for explosion venting so as to be beneficial to realizing explosion suppression safety; the delay medicine tube (61) is positioned in a first-order blind hole of the horizontal rotor seat (63) in an upward direction of an input end and is fixed on the horizontal rotor seat (63) in a spot riveting mode; the safety pin (64) is positioned in the straight groove, and the hemispherical head of the safety pin extends out of the horizontal rotor seat (63) and enters the arc-shaped groove of the body (1) so as to clamp the horizontal rotor seat (63); the body (1) is provided with a transverse blind hole which is a second blind hole in the middle of the third-order hole and the fourth-order hole along the radial direction, and the vertical rotor (7) is positioned in the second blind hole; the vertical rotor (7) consists of an insensitive delay tube (71), an insensitive fire guide tube (72), a vertical rotor seat (73), a spring (74) and a limiting pin (11); the outer contour of the vertical rotor seat (73) is basically a second-order cylinder, one end with a small diameter is positioned outside the second blind hole of the body (1), one end with a large diameter is positioned in the second blind hole of the body (1), a coaxial third blind hole is formed in the end face with the large diameter, and a spring (74) is propped against the inner end face of the third blind hole; the vertical rotor seat (73) is provided with a second-order through hole which is a twelfth-order hole and a thirteenth-order hole along the radial direction near the bottom of the third blind hole, and the insensitive delay tube (71) is positioned in the twelfth-order hole and fixed in a mouth point riveting mode; the vertical rotor seat (73) is provided with a through hole which is a fourteenth-order hole along the central axis of the twelfth-order hole and in the same plane; the insensitive fire guide tube (72) is divided into two parts which are positioned in a fourteenth-order hole and positioned at two sides of the insensitive delay tube (71) respectively, and the insensitive fire guide tube and the insensitive delay tube are fixed in a mouth part spot riveting mode; the vertical rotor seat (73) is positioned with the body (1) through a limiting pin (11); the cover plate (9) is positioned with the body (1) through a positioning pin (10), and the cover plate (9) is fixedly connected with the body (1) through two screws (12), so that the vertical rotor seat (73) and the vertical rotor (7) are blocked in the second blind hole; wherein the positioning pin (10) is fixed on the body (1) in an adhesive manner; the fire transfer tube (5) is positioned in a fifth-order hole of the body (1) and is fixed by the body (1) in a closing-in or spot riveting mode; the horizontal rotor seat (63) is internally provided with a delay medicine tube (61) and a flame delay detonator (62) for delay relief, and the vertical rotor seat (73) is internally provided with an insensitive delay tube (71) and an insensitive fire guide tube (72).

2. A safe definite powder time fuze for a smoke canister and grenade according to claim 1, wherein: the side surface of the insensitive delay tube (71) on the vertical rotor seat (73) is provided with a pressure relief groove, and the side surface of the delay tube (61) and the two sides of the flame delay detonator (62) on the horizontal rotor seat (63) are also respectively provided with a pressure relief groove which is used as a delay agent combustion depressurization air chamber so as to be beneficial to stable combustion and accurate timing of the delay agent.

3. A safe definite powder time fuze for a smoke canister and grenade according to claim 1, wherein: the time setting mechanism (4) comprises a body (1), a flame delay detonator (62) in the horizontal rotor (6), an insensitive fire tube (72) in the vertical rotor (7) and an insensitive delay tube (71); the delay time of the flame delay detonator (62) is 1.0-2.0 s on average, the delay time of the insensitive fire guiding tube (72) is instantaneous, and the delay time of the insensitive fire guiding tube (71) is 1.0-2.0 s, so that the delay is mainly realized by the flame delay detonator (62) when the short delay setting, namely the vertical rotor (7) aligns the axis with the insensitive fire guiding tube (72), is realized, and the delay time is 1.0-2.0 s on average. When the vertical rotor (7) is aligned with the insensitive delay tube (71) to realize long delay setting, the fuze action delay comprises the average 1.0-2.0 s of the flame delay detonator (62) and the average 1.0-2.0 s of the insensitive delay tube (71), and the sum is 2.0-4.0 s.

4. A safe definite powder time fuze for a smoke canister and grenade according to claim 1, wherein: the charges in the insensitive delay tube (71) are all insensitive agents, including insensitive delay agents and boron/potassium nitrate ignition agents.