CN116857132A - Large wind turbine yaw system test bed and test method - Google Patents
Large wind turbine yaw system test bed and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116857132A CN116857132A CN202311040145.XA CN202311040145A CN116857132A CN 116857132 A CN116857132 A CN 116857132A CN 202311040145 A CN202311040145 A CN 202311040145A CN 116857132 A CN116857132 A CN 116857132A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The application discloses a loading test method of a loading test bed of a yaw system of a large wind turbine, wherein the yaw system comprises a yaw bearing and a multistage planetary gear reducer, and an input shaft of the multistage planetary gear reducer is in transmission connection with a bearing inner ring of the yaw bearing; the axial loading system comprises an axial loading unit and an axial controller, the axial loading unit is connected with the bearing outer ring, and the axial controller is used for controlling the axial loading unit to apply a set axial load to the bearing outer ring; the torque loading system comprises a torque loading unit and a torque controller, wherein the torque loading unit is in transmission connection with the bearing inner ring, and the torque loading unit is controlled to apply torque to the bearing inner ring so as to drive the bearing inner ring to rotate relative to the bearing outer ring. According to different load data in different environments, axial loading and torque loading can be simultaneously carried out on the yaw system, and the use rationality and the running stability of the yaw system structure can be tested.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a test bed and a test method for a yaw system of a large wind turbine.
Background
With the development of new energy industry, various research subjects related to new energy have become increasingly hot. The research of the wind power generation technology, which is an important part of new energy research, is a related requirement of industry in the whole country, so that the test bed related to the research of the wind power technology is very valuable.
The yaw system of the wind driven generator is a system which enables the nacelle to temporarily face the wind in different directions so as to ensure that the section of the blades in the wind turbine generator can face the wind direction. Typically, the power for these systems is provided by a yaw motor, and a yaw reducer connected to the yaw motor is connected to a yaw bearing through a pinion on an output gear shaft to power the yaw system steering of the entire wind turbine. In addition to the yaw motor and yaw decelerator, the brake on the yaw bearing also enables the yaw system to accurately stop the rotation of the nacelle when aligned with the wind direction. Under normal operating conditions, the yaw brake is engaged, and when the system begins to yaw, the yaw brake is released and the motor is started.
Because of the unpredictability of wind direction and wind speed, it is important to study pitch and yaw of wind turbines. Most of wind turbine generator systems are severe in installation environment, and the wind turbine generator systems are located in places where people are not suitable for living, such as sea surfaces, wild fields, plateaus and the like, so that the wind turbine generator systems are difficult to maintain. It is particularly important to be able to simulate the load test on the yawing system prior to installation, most of the tests of the prior art being performed on a part of the components in the yawing system, lacking the equipment and methods to complete the entire yawing system.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method, the application provides a test bed and a test method for a yaw system of a large wind turbine generator, axial loading and torque loading are carried out on the yaw system according to a mechanical environment of actual operation, the test and overall performance evaluation are carried out on the whole yaw system, and basis is provided for structural design and operation control of the yaw system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, in a first aspect, the application provides a loading test stand of a yaw system of a large wind turbine, which comprises a frame, a yaw system, an axial loading system and a torque loading system; the yaw system comprises a yaw bearing and a multistage planetary gear reducer, wherein an input shaft of the multistage planetary gear reducer is in transmission connection with a bearing inner ring of the yaw bearing; the axial loading system comprises an axial loading unit and an axial controller, wherein the axial loading unit is connected with the bearing outer ring, and the axial controller is used for controlling the axial loading unit to apply a set axial load to the bearing outer ring; the torque loading system comprises a torque loading unit and a torque controller, wherein the torque loading unit is in transmission connection with the bearing inner ring, and the torque loading unit is controlled to apply torque to the bearing inner ring so as to drive the bearing inner ring to rotate relative to the bearing outer ring.
Further, the axial loading unit comprises an axial loading assembly and an axial transmission assembly, the axial loading assembly comprises a plurality of frames which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and are arranged on the outer side of the yaw bearing, each axial loading assembly is connected with the outer ring of the bearing through an independent axial transmission assembly, and each axial loading assembly applies axial force to the outer ring of the bearing through the axial transmission assembly.
Further, each axial loading assembly comprises an upper single-column hydraulic machine and a lower single-column hydraulic machine which are arranged in an up-down opposite mode, the upper single-column hydraulic machine and the lower single-column hydraulic machine are arranged on the frame in an up-down opposite mode, movable rods of the upper single-column hydraulic machine and the lower single-column hydraulic machine are respectively connected with the input end of the axial transmission assembly, and the outer ring of the bearing is connected with the output end of the axial transmission assembly.
Further, the axial transfer assembly includes an upper plate and a lower plate spaced apart and spaced apart by a distance consistent with the thickness of the bearing outer race at least at the front end, and a connecting spring including a plurality of and arranged in an array between the upper plate and the lower plate.
Further, the movable rod of the upper single-column hydraulic machine is connected with the upper plate, the movable rod of the lower single-column hydraulic machine is connected with the lower plate, the upper plate is connected with the upper surface of the bearing outer ring, the lower plate is connected with the lower surface of the bearing outer ring, an upper pressure sensor is arranged between the upper plate of the axial transmission unit and the bearing outer ring, a lower pressure sensor is arranged between the lower plate and the bearing outer ring, and a controller of the single-column hydraulic machine controls the action of the two single-column presses according to pressure signals of the upper pressure sensor and the lower pressure sensor, so that axial loads of different circumferential positions of the bearing outer ring are adjusted.
Further, the torque loading unit further comprises a flange plate, the flange plate is connected to the bottom side of the bearing inner ring, outer gear teeth are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the flange plate, and an outer gear matched with the outer gear teeth is arranged at the output end of the torque loading unit.
Further, the torque loading unit comprises speed reducing motors, each speed reducing motor is in control connection with a motor controller, a torque sensor is arranged at the output end of each speed reducing motor, and the motor controller controls the starting and stopping and the rotating speed of the speed reducing motor according to the torque information of the torque sensor.
Further, the device further comprises a torque load system, the torque load system comprises a torque load unit and a load controller, the torque load unit comprises a plurality of torque load units and is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the yaw bearing, a supporting plate extending inwards in the radial direction is arranged at the top of the frame, a shell of the multistage gear reducer is fixedly connected to the supporting plate, each torque load unit is respectively in driving connection with an output shaft of the multistage planetary gear accelerator, and the load controller is in control connection with each torque load unit and controls the load of each load unit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, in a second aspect, the present application provides a method for testing loading of a yaw system of a large wind turbine, comprising the steps of:
s10: the yaw bearing is arranged at the center of the frame, the multi-stage speed reducer is supported by a supporting plate on the frame, an output shaft is in transmission connection with an inner ring of the bearing, and the bottom of the inner ring of the bearing is connected with a flange plate;
s20: each axial loading component of the axial loading system is connected with the bearing outer ring through an axial transmission component;
s30: each torque loading unit of the torque loading system is connected with the bearing inner ring through a flange plate;
s40: an axial load is applied to the bearing outer race of the yaw bearing through an axial loading system, and a driving torque is applied to the bearing inner race of the yaw bearing through a torque loading system.
Furthermore, in the process of driving the yaw bearing to rotate, the output force of each axial loading unit is dynamically set to be different, and the wind direction and the wind force scene which are subjected to dynamic change in the working process of the yaw system are simulated.
The loading test bed and the test method of the yaw system of the large wind turbine provided by the application mainly have the technical advantages that:
according to the first aspect, a yaw system is built through a yaw bearing and a multistage planetary gear accelerator, an axial loading system is arranged to support and apply an axial load to the outer ring of the bearing of the yaw bearing, a torque loading system is arranged to apply a torque load to the inner ring of the bearing of the yaw bearing, so that the working state of the yaw system is simulated, and the running stability of the yaw system is detected;
according to the second aspect, according to the mechanical conditions of a real yaw system, an axial load is applied to the yaw system through an axial controller, a torque load is applied to the yaw system through a torque controller, the working condition simulation of the yaw system is realized, the operation parameters are obtained, and a basis is provided for reasonable optimization of the structure of the yaw system;
in a third aspect, such a test stand performs a loading test on the entire yaw system. The test bed not only carries out simple loading test on the yaw bearing or the yaw speed reducer, but also carries out simultaneous loading on the yaw system in different directions, axial loading and torque loading are carried out simultaneously, and the air adjustment is convenient, and when the yaw system faces different loads in different environments, the test bed of the design can also change loading data along with the yaw system.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view, partially in section, of an embodiment of a provided large wind turbine yaw system test stand;
FIG. 2 is a partially cut-away top view of an embodiment of a provided large wind turbine yaw system test stand;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the right portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of an axial loading system and a yaw system;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of the right portion of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flange after being detached from the yaw bearing;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 6 at A;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an axial transfer assembly;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the connection of the axial loading assembly to the axial transfer assembly;
FIG. 10 is a block flow diagram of a method for loading test of a yaw system of a large wind turbine.
The attached drawings are used for identifying and describing:
1-a frame;
2-yaw bearing, 21-bearing inner ring and 22-bearing outer ring;
3-axial transmission device, 31-upper plate, 32-spring, 33-lower plate;
4-axial loading device, 41-upper single column hydraulic press and 42-lower single column hydraulic press;
5-a flange plate;
6-a torque loading unit;
7-a multistage planetary gear reducer;
8-load torque cell.
Detailed Description
The yaw system of the wind driven generator is a system which enables the nacelle to temporarily face the wind in different directions so as to ensure that the section of the blades in the wind turbine generator can face the wind direction. Typically, the power for these systems is provided by a yaw motor, and a yaw reducer connected to the yaw motor is connected to a yaw bearing through a pinion on an output gear shaft to power the yaw system steering of the entire wind turbine. In addition to the yaw motor and yaw decelerator, the brake on the yaw bearing also enables the yaw system to accurately stop the rotation of the nacelle when aligned with the wind direction. Under normal operating conditions, the yaw brake is engaged, and when the system begins to yaw, the yaw brake is released and the motor is started. The wind turbine generator system is mainly severe in installation environment and is located in places such as sea surfaces, wild areas and plateaus, which are not suitable for people to live in, so that the wind turbine generator system is difficult to maintain, and the wind turbine generator system is particularly important to simulate a load test on a yaw system before installation. At present, in the load research of a yaw system of a wind turbine generator, most of the load tests of partial components in the yaw system are carried out, and the research of a test bed of the whole yaw system is almost not carried out. However, in the actual running process, interaction and influence exist among all components of the whole yaw system, the performance of the whole yaw system cannot be comprehensively evaluated by the independent loading test of the local components, and some hidden problems or potential fault risks cannot be found, so that a test bed for carrying out the loading test on the whole yaw system is necessary to be studied.
Aiming at the technical problems, the application provides a loading test method of a loading test bed of a yaw system of a large wind turbine, wherein the yaw system comprises a yaw bearing and a multistage planetary gear reducer, and an input shaft of the multistage planetary gear reducer is in transmission connection with a bearing inner ring of the yaw bearing; the axial loading system comprises an axial loading unit and an axial controller, the axial loading unit is connected with the bearing outer ring, and the axial controller is used for controlling the axial loading unit to apply a set axial load to the bearing outer ring; the torque loading system comprises a torque loading unit and a torque controller, wherein the torque loading unit is in transmission connection with the bearing inner ring, and the torque loading unit is controlled to apply torque to the bearing inner ring so as to drive the bearing inner ring to rotate relative to the bearing outer ring. According to different load data in different environments, axial loading and torque loading can be simultaneously carried out on the yaw system, and the use rationality and the running stability of the yaw system structure can be tested.
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the application refers to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses. The embodiments may be freely combined without any conflict in technology, and are not limited to the scope of the embodiments illustrated.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the loading test bed of the yaw system of the large wind turbine provided by the application comprises a frame 1, a yaw system, an axial loading system and a torque loading system; the yaw system comprises a yaw bearing 2 and multistage planetary gear reducers 7, wherein the yaw bearing comprises a bearing inner ring 21 and a bearing outer ring, the bearing inner ring is axially fixed through a frame support, inner gear teeth are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the bearing inner ring 21 of the yaw bearing 2, the multistage planetary gear reducers 7 comprise a plurality of inner gears which are uniformly distributed outside the yaw bearing 2 on the circumference, and the input shafts of the multistage planetary gear reducers 7 are respectively provided with an inner gear which is in fit connection with the inner gear teeth; the axial loading system comprises a plurality of axial loading units and an axial controller, wherein the axial loading units are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer side of the yaw bearing 2, the output end of each axial loading unit supports the bearing outer ring 22, and each axial loading unit is controlled by the axial controller to respectively apply set axial loads to the bearing outer ring 22; the torque loading system comprises a torque loading unit 6 and a torque controller, wherein the torque loading unit 6 comprises a plurality of torque loading units and is circumferentially and uniformly distributed below the yaw bearing 2, each torque loading unit 6 is respectively in driving connection with the bearing inner ring 21, the torque controller is in control connection with each torque loading unit 6, each torque loading unit 6 is controlled to apply torque to the bearing inner ring 21, and the bearing inner ring 21 is driven to rotate relative to the bearing outer ring 22.
As shown in fig. 10, the provided loading test method for the yaw system of the large wind turbine generator comprises the following steps:
s10: the yaw bearing 2 is arranged in the center of the frame 1, the multi-stage speed reducer is supported by a supporting plate on the frame 1, an output shaft is in transmission connection with the bearing inner ring 21, and the bottom of the bearing inner ring 21 is connected with the flange 5;
s20: each axial loading component 4 of the axial loading system is connected with the bearing outer ring 22 through an axial transmission component 3;
s30: each torque loading unit 6 of the torque loading system is connected with the bearing inner ring 21 through the flange plate 5;
s40: an axial load is applied to the bearing outer ring 22 of the yaw bearing 2 by an axial loading system, and a driving torque is applied to the bearing inner ring 21 of the yaw bearing 2 by a torque loading system.
Preferably, in the process of driving the yaw bearing 2 to rotate, the output force of each axial loading unit is dynamically set to be different, and the wind direction and the wind force scene which are dynamically changed in the working process of the yaw system are simulated.
The application provides a test bed and a test method for a yaw system of a large wind turbine, and the test bed and the test method are used for carrying out loading test on the whole yaw system. The yaw system is built through the yaw bearing and the multistage planetary gear accelerator, an axial loading system is arranged to support and apply an axial load to the outer ring of the bearing of the yaw bearing, and a torque loading system is arranged to apply a torque load to the inner ring of the bearing of the yaw bearing, so that the working state of the yaw system is simulated, and the running stability of the yaw system is detected; the test bed not only carries out simple loading test on the yaw bearing or the yaw speed reducer, but also carries out simultaneous loading on the yaw system in different directions, axial loading and torque loading are carried out simultaneously, and the air adjustment is convenient, and when the yaw system faces different loads in different environments, the test bed of the design can also change loading data accordingly, and provides basis for axial loading and control on the yaw system.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, in some preferred embodiments, the axial loading unit comprises an axial loading assembly 4 and an axial transmission assembly 3, the axial loading assembly 4 comprises a plurality of circumferentially and uniformly distributed frames 1 arranged outside the yaw bearing 2, each axial loading assembly 4 is connected to the bearing outer ring 22 through a separate axial transmission assembly 3, and each axial loading assembly 4 applies an axial force to the bearing outer ring 22 through the axial transmission assembly 3. Further, each axial loading assembly 4 comprises an upper single-column hydraulic machine 41 and a lower single-column hydraulic machine 42 which are arranged in an up-down opposite mode, the upper single-column hydraulic machine 41 and the lower single-column hydraulic machine 42 are arranged on the frame 1 in an up-down opposite mode, movable rods of the upper single-column hydraulic machine 41 and the lower single-column hydraulic machine 42 are respectively connected with the input end of the axial transmission assembly 3, and the bearing outer ring 22 is connected with the output end of the axial transmission assembly 3. Through setting up a plurality of axial loading subassembly outside yaw bearing, can apply different axial force loads to each axial angle of yaw bearing, the operating condition of different wind direction and wind-force in the simulation reality operation, and the upper single column hydraulic press of opposition and lower single column hydraulic press can ensure the stability and the angular variation scope of axial load who applys.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, in the embodiment, the axial transmission assembly 3 includes an upper plate 31, a connecting spring 32, and a lower plate 33, the upper plate 31 and the lower plate 33 being spaced apart and at least the front ends being spaced apart by a distance consistent with the thickness of the bearing outer race 22, the connecting spring 32 including a plurality of and being arranged in an array between the upper plate 31 and the lower plate 33. The frame 1 comprises an upright post annularly arranged outside the yaw bearing 2, an upper single-column hydraulic machine 41 and a lower single-column hydraulic machine 42 are respectively arranged on the upright post, a movable rod of the upper single-column hydraulic machine 41 is connected with an upper plate 31, a movable rod of the lower single-column hydraulic machine 42 is connected with a lower plate 33, the upper plate 31 is connected with the upper surface of the bearing outer ring 22, and the lower plate 33 is connected with the lower surface of the bearing outer ring 22. The structure of the axial transmission assembly is used for maintaining stable connection between the axial transmission assembly and the yaw bearing in the axial load change process, so that the continuous stability of the test is improved. The yaw bearing can be applied with stable and continuous force, further, an upper pressure sensor is arranged between the upper plate 31 and the bearing outer ring 22 of the axial transmission unit, a lower pressure sensor is arranged between the lower plate 33 and the bearing outer ring 22, and a controller of the single column hydraulic machine controls the action of the two single column presses according to pressure signals of the upper pressure sensor and the lower pressure sensor, so that axial loads of different circumferential positions of the bearing outer ring 22 are adjusted. The axial load can be set according to the set value, the simulation precision of the test is improved, and therefore more accurate test data are obtained.
In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7, the torque loading unit 6 further includes a flange 5, where the flange 5 is connected to the bottom side of the bearing inner ring 21 and has outer gear teeth uniformly distributed on the circumference, and an output end of the torque loading unit 6 is provided with an outer gear that matches with the outer gear teeth. Further, the torque loading unit 6 comprises speed reducing motors, each speed reducing motor is in control connection with a motor controller, a torque sensor is arranged at the output end of each speed reducing motor, and the motor controller controls the starting and stopping of the speed reducing motor and the rotating speed according to the torque information of the torque sensor, so that the accuracy of the input torque is effectively controlled.
In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the provided test stand for the yaw system of the large wind turbine further comprises a torque load system, wherein the torque load system comprises a torque load unit and a load controller, the torque load unit comprises a plurality of support plates which extend inwards in the radial direction and are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the yaw bearing 2, the top of the stand 1 is provided with a support plate which extends inwards in the radial direction, a shell of the multi-stage gear reducer is fixedly connected to the support plate, each torque load unit is respectively in driving connection with an output shaft of the multi-stage planetary gear accelerator, and the load controller is in control connection with each torque load unit and controls the load of each load unit. Further, the torque load unit comprises a brake assembly and brake force control assemblies, each brake force control assembly is connected with the brake assembly, and the brake force moment of the brake assembly is adjusted through the brake force control assemblies.
Further, the brake component is an adjustable damping brake, each damping brake is connected with the brake force control component, and the damping size is adjusted through the brake force control component.
Correspondingly, the test method of the yaw system of the large wind turbine generator comprises the following steps: the load torque unit 8 of the load loading system is connected with the input shaft of the multi-stage speed reducer, and loads are applied to the bearing inner ring 21 through the load loading system; in the process of driving the yaw bearing 2 to rotate, a set torque resistance is applied to the input shaft of the multi-stage gear reducer through the torque load unit, so that dynamic load applied to the yaw system in the working process is simulated.
And applying a torque load to the yaw system through the torque load system, simulating the operation condition of the yaw system with the load condition, and further applying the torque load under the conditions of applying an axial load and applying a torque load, thereby further improving the reality of the simulation operation.
The loading test bed and the test method of the yaw system of the large wind turbine generator provided are described below with reference to specific embodiments.
In one implementation, the yaw system test stand is comprised of an axial loading system and a torque loading system. Because the hydraulic loading can generate larger load, the test operation is safe and convenient, the hydraulic loading device is particularly suitable for a large-scale structure, and the hydraulic loading device has small volume and light weight under the condition of the same output power. The yaw bearing of the wind turbine generator needs to be loaded, the structure is large, the pressure value needed to be loaded is large, and therefore the loading device selects a hydraulic loading mode. The loading of the bearing adopts a single-column hydraulic machine, so that the axial load loading system of the yaw bearing adopts the single-column hydraulic machine. In order to enable the pressure of the hydraulic loading device to be uniformly loaded on the yaw gear, a load transmission device is required. The load transmission device is divided into an outer ring portion, an inner ring portion, and a connecting portion. The 4 hydraulic presses are uniformly distributed around the outer ring in an array mode by taking the center of the outer ring as a reference, load is distributed on the outer ring portion by the hydraulic presses, the load is transmitted to the inner ring portion through the connecting portion, and the load of the inner ring portion can be uniformly loaded on the yaw bearing. In order to transfer the load on the outer ring to the inner ring, a connecting part is designed to connect the outer ring and the inner ring, and two steel plates with the length of 620mm and the width of 120mm are used for respectively connecting the outer ring and the inner ring. The middle uses the spring to connect two upper and lower steel sheets, considers connection structure's rationality, and the spring number design of every connecting strip is 3. The hydraulic press is fixed on a frame, the outer ring is uniformly distributed around the frame in an array mode based on the center of the outer ring, the inner ring is completely attached to a ring of a yaw bearing, the middle of the outer ring and the inner ring are connected through an upper steel plate and a lower steel plate which are connected through springs, and the springs are fixed through a backing plate fixing method.
The axial loading system consists of 8 single-column hydraulic presses and an inner ring and outer ring transmission frame which is responsible for connecting loads, and the loading system transmits the loads output by the loading systems to the yaw bearing to simulate the loads of all aspects born by the yaw system in a working state or a suspension state. 8 gear motors are uniformly distributed around the gear ring, and in order to facilitate the installation and operation of the torque loading system, a flange plate is required to be designed to yaw the bearing of the torque transmission value output by the torque loading motor. The flange plate is connected with the yaw bearing through bolts. The flange plate is connected with the yaw bearing through bolts, and an outer gear ring is arranged at the lower end of the flange plate and meshed with the torque motor output gear.
The application relates to a loading test bed for a yaw system of a wind turbine generator, which is used for loading test of the whole yaw system of the wind turbine generator through an axial and torque loading system, and can be used for comprehensively and objectively evaluating the performance of the whole yaw system by considering the synergistic effect among different components so as to find hidden problems or potential fault risks. The test bed has a simple structure, can effectively improve the reliability and accuracy of test results, improves the test efficiency and shortens the test time.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present application have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a large-scale wind turbine generator system driftage system's loading test bench which characterized in that:
comprises a frame (1), a yaw system, an axial loading system and a torque loading system;
the yaw system comprises a yaw bearing (2) and a multistage planetary gear reducer (7), wherein an input shaft of the multistage planetary gear reducer (7) is in transmission connection with a bearing inner ring (21) of the yaw bearing (2);
the axial loading system comprises an axial loading unit and an axial controller, wherein the axial loading unit is connected with the bearing outer ring (22), and the axial controller is used for controlling the axial loading unit to apply a set axial load to the bearing outer ring (22);
the torque loading system comprises a torque loading unit (6) and a torque controller, wherein the torque loading unit (6) is in transmission connection with the bearing inner ring (21), and the torque loading unit (6) is controlled to apply torque to the bearing inner ring (21) so as to drive the bearing inner ring (21) to rotate relative to the bearing outer ring (22).
2. The loading test stand of a yaw system of a large wind turbine set according to claim 1, wherein: the axial loading unit comprises axial loading assemblies (4) and axial transmission assemblies (3), the axial loading assemblies (4) comprise a plurality of frames (1) which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed and are arranged outside the yaw bearing (2), each axial loading assembly (4) is connected with the bearing outer ring (22) through an independent axial transmission assembly (3), and each axial loading assembly (4) applies axial force to the bearing outer ring (22) through the axial transmission assemblies (3).
3. The loading test stand of a yaw system of a large wind turbine set according to claim 2, wherein: each axial loading assembly (4) comprises an upper single-column hydraulic machine (41) and a lower single-column hydraulic machine (42) which are arranged on the frame and are arranged up and down in a relative mode, movable rods of the upper single-column hydraulic machine (41) and the lower single-column hydraulic machine (42) are respectively connected with the input end of the axial transmission assembly (3), and the bearing outer ring (22) is connected with the output end of the axial transmission assembly (3).
4. A loading test stand for a yaw system of a large wind turbine according to claim 3, wherein: the axial transmission assembly (3) comprises an upper plate (31), a connecting spring (32) and a lower plate (33), wherein the upper plate (31) and the lower plate (33) are arranged at intervals, at least the interval distance of the front ends is consistent with the thickness of the bearing outer ring (22), and the connecting spring (32) comprises a plurality of connecting springs and is arranged between the upper plate (31) and the lower plate (33) in an array mode.
5. The loading test stand of a yaw system of a large wind turbine set according to claim 4, wherein: the movable rod of the upper single column hydraulic machine (41) is connected with the upper plate (31), the movable rod of the lower single column hydraulic machine (42) is connected with the lower plate (33), an upper pressure sensor is arranged between the upper plate (31) and the bearing outer ring (22) of the axial transmission unit, a lower pressure sensor is arranged between the lower plate (33) and the bearing outer ring (22), and a controller of the single column hydraulic machine controls the action of the two single column presses according to pressure signals of the upper pressure sensor and the lower pressure sensor, so that axial loads of different circumferential positions of the bearing outer ring (22) are adjusted.
6. The loading test stand of a yaw system of a large wind turbine set according to claim 1, wherein: the torque loading unit (6) further comprises a flange plate (5), the flange plate (5) is connected to the bottom side of the bearing inner ring (21) and is circumferentially and uniformly provided with outer gear teeth, and the output end of the torque loading unit (6) is provided with an outer gear matched with the outer gear teeth.
7. The loading test stand of a yaw system of a large wind turbine set of claim 6, wherein: the torque loading unit (6) comprises speed reducing motors, each speed reducing motor is in control connection with a motor controller, a torque sensor is arranged at the output end of each speed reducing motor, and the motor controller controls the starting and stopping and the rotating speed of the speed reducing motor according to the torque information of the torque sensor.
8. The loading test stand of a yaw system of a large wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the multi-stage planetary gear accelerator is characterized by further comprising a torque load system, the torque load system comprises torque load units and load controllers, the torque load units comprise a plurality of torque load units and are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the yaw bearing (2), a supporting plate extending inwards in the radial direction is arranged at the top of the frame (1), a shell of the multi-stage gear reducer is fixedly connected to the supporting plate, each torque load unit is respectively in driving connection with an output shaft of the multi-stage planetary gear accelerator, and the load controllers are connected with each torque load unit in a control manner and control the load of each load unit.
9. A loading test method for a yaw system of a large wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the yaw bearing (2) is arranged at the center of the frame (1), the multi-stage speed reducer is supported by a supporting plate on the frame (1), an output shaft is in transmission connection with a bearing inner ring (21), and the bottom of the bearing inner ring (21) is connected with a flange plate (5);
each axial loading component (4) of the axial loading system is connected with the bearing outer ring (22) through an axial transmission component (3);
each torque loading unit (6) of the torque loading system is connected with the bearing inner ring (21) through the flange plate (5);
an axial load is applied to the outer race (22) of the yaw bearing (2) by an axial loading system, and a driving torque is applied to the inner race (21) of the yaw bearing (2) by a torque loading system.
10. The method for testing the loading of the yaw system of the large wind turbine generator according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the process of driving the yaw bearing (2) to rotate, the output force of each axial loading unit is dynamically set to be different, and the wind direction and the wind force scene which are subjected to dynamic change in the working process of the yaw system are simulated.
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