CN116855097A - Rice hull composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Rice hull composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116855097A CN116855097A CN202310846980.6A CN202310846980A CN116855097A CN 116855097 A CN116855097 A CN 116855097A CN 202310846980 A CN202310846980 A CN 202310846980A CN 116855097 A CN116855097 A CN 116855097A
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- rice hull
- composite material
- mixture
- powder
- surfactant
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- QANIADJLTJYOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;magnesium;carbonate;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O QANIADJLTJYOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008104 plant cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Zn] Chemical compound [Ca].[Zn] IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Mg] Chemical class [AlH3].[Mg] GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/08—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
- C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/02—CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2397/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2427/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2427/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a rice hull composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of PVC wood-plastic materials, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: obtaining rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment; obtaining hydrotalcite powder modified by a surfactant; adding the rice hull powder subjected to alkali liquor soaking treatment and the hydrotalcite powder subjected to surfactant modification into a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, heating and stirring to be thick, so as to obtain a first mixture; under the negative pressure condition, carrying out liquid nitrogen freezing treatment on the first mixture, and then recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain a second mixture; and drying the second mixture, and grinding to obtain the rice hull composite material. The rice hull composite material is applied to preparation of polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic materials, and can effectively solve the problem of poor ageing resistance of the existing PVC wood-plastic composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of PVC wood-plastic materials, in particular to a rice hull composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid increase of urban and housing areas in recent years, forest resources are continuously consumed, and further, more and more industries are attracting attention as an emerging environment-friendly material resource capable of replacing forest resources. The PVC wood-plastic composite material is a novel environment-friendly composite material which is formed by compounding wood (wood cellulose and plant cellulose) serving as a base material and PVC (polyvinyl chloride). The PVC wood-plastic composite material combines the advantages of wood and PVC polymer materials well, has excellent processing performance and corrosion resistance and water resistance, and has been widely used in industries such as building materials, furniture, logistics packaging and the like.
The existing PVC wood-plastic composite material has serious ageing and insufficient mechanical property, which are main defects, and are caused by the difference of plant cellulose such as rice husk and the like and PVC performance, and the interface compatibility of the plant cellulose and the PVC is poor. At present, many researches are carried out on improving the mechanical properties of the PVC wood-plastic composite material, but the problem of serious ageing existing in the PVC wood-plastic composite material is only rarely reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a rice hull composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of easy aging and the like of the existing PVC wood-plastic composite material.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a rice hull composite material, the method comprising the steps of:
obtaining rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment;
obtaining hydrotalcite powder modified by a surfactant;
adding the rice hull powder subjected to alkali liquor soaking treatment and the hydrotalcite powder subjected to surfactant modification into a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, heating and stirring to be thick, so as to obtain a first mixture;
under the negative pressure condition, carrying out liquid nitrogen freezing treatment on the first mixture, and then recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain a second mixture;
and drying the second mixture, and grinding to obtain the rice hull composite material.
Further, the weight ratio of the rice hull powder after the alkali liquor soaking treatment in the first mixture to the hydrotalcite powder after the surfactant modification to the silane coupling agent is (100-120): (30-40): 1.
Further, the step of obtaining the rice hull powder after the alkali liquor soaking treatment comprises the following steps: at the temperature of 30-50 ℃, adding the rice hull powder into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the weight percentage of 5-10 wt% for soaking treatment for 3-5 hours, and then carrying out first filtration, first washing and first drying to obtain the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment.
Further, the step of obtaining the surfactant modified hydrotalcite comprises the following steps: adding hydrotalcite powder into water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃ for stirring for 1-2 hours, then adding surfactant, continuously stirring for 10-12 hours, and finally carrying out second filtration, second washing and second drying to obtain the hydrotalcite powder modified by the surfactant.
Further, the hydrotalcite powder comprises magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite powder, and the surfactant comprises at least one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Further, the step of performing liquid nitrogen freezing treatment on the first mixture under the negative pressure condition and then recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain a second mixture comprises the following steps:
s1, freezing the first mixture by liquid nitrogen, adjusting the system pressure of the first mixture to be less than or equal to 30KPa when the first mixture is converted into solid, continuously freezing for 1-3 hours, and thawing into a thick state at normal temperature and normal pressure;
s2, repeating the step S1 for 3-5 times to obtain the second mixture.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a rice hull composite material produced by the method of any one of the first aspects.
Further, the grain size of the rice hull composite material is 200-400 meshes.
In a third aspect, the application provides the use of the rice hull composite material of any of the second aspects in the preparation of a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material.
In a fourth aspect, the application provides a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material, which is prepared by heating, extruding and molding plant fiber materials and polyvinyl chloride serving as main raw materials through die equipment; the plant fiber material is the rice hull composite material in any one of the second aspects.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has at least the following advantages:
the embodiment of the application provides a rice hull composite material, which is prepared by taking rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment and hydrotalcite powder after surfactant modification as main raw materials, and carrying out negative pressure liquid nitrogen freezing treatment under the action of a silane coupling agent. The applicant finds that when the rice hull composite material is applied to preparing the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material, the rice hull composite material has better compatibility with PVC, can obviously improve the defect of poor ageing resistance of the PVC wood-plastic composite material, achieves unexpected technical effects, further widens the application range of the PVC wood-plastic composite material, and has wide practical application value.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present application are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method of preparing a rice hull composite material, the method comprising the steps of:
obtaining rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment;
obtaining hydrotalcite powder modified by a surfactant;
adding the rice hull powder subjected to alkali liquor soaking treatment and the hydrotalcite powder subjected to surfactant modification into a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, heating and stirring to be thick, so as to obtain a first mixture;
under the negative pressure condition, carrying out liquid nitrogen freezing treatment on the first mixture, and then recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain a second mixture;
and drying the second mixture, and grinding to obtain the rice hull composite material.
The embodiment of the application provides a rice hull composite material, which is prepared by taking rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment and hydrotalcite powder after surfactant modification as main raw materials, and carrying out negative pressure liquid nitrogen freezing treatment under the action of a silane coupling agent. The applicant finds that when the rice hull composite material is applied to preparing the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material, the rice hull composite material has better compatibility with PVC, can obviously improve the defect of poor ageing resistance of the PVC wood-plastic composite material, achieves unexpected technical effects, further widens the application range of the PVC wood-plastic composite material, and has wide practical application value.
As an implementation mode of the embodiment of the application, the weight ratio of the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment in the first mixture to the hydrotalcite powder after surface active agent modification to the silane coupling agent is (100-120) (30-40): 1.
According to the application, further researches show that when the weight ratio of the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment in the first mixture to the hydrotalcite powder after surfactant modification to the silane coupling agent is (100-120): (30-40): 1, the effect of improving the poor ageing resistance of the PVC wood-plastic composite material is more remarkable. If the dosage of hydrotalcite is too small (for example, when the weight ratio of the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment to the hydrotalcite powder after surfactant modification to the silane coupling agent is 100:23:1), the ageing resistance effect of the PVC wood-plastic composite material is not obvious; if the dosage of hydrotalcite is too much (for example, when the weight ratio of the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment to the hydrotalcite powder after surface active agent modification to the silane coupling agent is 120:47:1), the compatibility of the obtained rice hull composite material with PVC can be reduced to a certain extent, so that the ageing resistance of the PVC wood-plastic composite material can be reduced to a certain extent.
In some specific embodiments, the weight ratio of the rice hull powder after the alkali liquor soaking treatment, the hydrotalcite powder after the surfactant modification and the silane coupling agent in the first mixture is preferably 113:35:1.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the step of obtaining the rice hull powder after the alkali lye soaking treatment includes the following steps: at the temperature of 30-50 ℃, adding the rice hull powder into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the weight percentage of 5-10 wt% for soaking treatment for 3-5 hours, and then carrying out first filtration, first washing and first drying to obtain the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment.
According to the application, the rice hull powder is soaked in alkali liquor, so that the crosslinking among lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the rice hull powder can be destroyed, the surface of the fiber becomes coarse, the internal fiber bundles are split into fibers with short diameters, the dispersibility of the fibers is improved, the interfacial bonding strength of the rice hull is increased, the subsequent composite modification with hydrotalcite is facilitated, and the compatibility of the obtained rice hull composite material and PVC material is improved.
As an implementation mode of the embodiment of the application, the step of obtaining the surfactant modified hydrotalcite comprises the following steps: adding hydrotalcite powder into water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃ for stirring for 1-2 hours, then adding surfactant, continuously stirring for 10-12 hours, and finally carrying out second filtration, second washing and second drying to obtain the hydrotalcite powder modified by the surfactant.
According to the application, surfactants such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate and hydrotalcite powder are adopted for ion exchange, so that the hydrotalcite powder modified by the surfactant is obtained, the subsequent composite modification with rice hull powder is facilitated, the compatibility of the obtained rice hull composite material and a PVC material is improved, and the ageing resistance of the PVC wood-plastic composite material is improved.
As an embodiment of the present example, the hydrotalcite powder includes magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite powder, and the surfactant includes at least one of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfate and sodium dodecylsulfate.
In some specific embodiments, the hydrotalcite powder can be commercially available products such as magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite powder; the surfactant can be commercially available products such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the step of performing liquid nitrogen freezing treatment on the first mixture under a negative pressure condition, and then recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain the second mixture includes the following steps:
s1, freezing the first mixture by liquid nitrogen, adjusting the system pressure of the first mixture to be less than or equal to 30KPa when the first mixture is converted into solid, continuously freezing for 1-3 hours, and thawing into a thick state at normal temperature and normal pressure;
s2, repeating the step S1 for 3-5 times to obtain the second mixture.
The applicant finds that the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment and the hydrotalcite powder after surfactant modification are used as main raw materials, and the first mixture formed under the action of the silane coupling agent is subjected to negative pressure liquid nitrogen freezing treatment, so that the hydrodynamic property and interface performance of the whole system can be improved, and the interfacial compatibility of the rice hull composite material and the PVC matrix is enhanced.
In some embodiments, preferably, in S1, the system pressure of the first mix is adjusted to 20 to 25KPa and freezing is continued for 2 hours as the first mix is converted to a solid.
It should be noted that, the component raw materials involved in the preparation method of the rice hull composite material provided by the embodiment of the application can be directly commercial products if no special limitation or explanation exists; the steps involved, unless otherwise specified or stated, may be carried out in accordance with the manner of operation disclosed in the prior art or by employing existing equipment in accordance with the method of use thereof.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a rice hull composite material made by the method of any of the first aspects, based on a general inventive concept.
When the rice hull composite material provided by the application is applied to the preparation of the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material, the defect of poor ageing resistance of the PVC wood-plastic composite material can be obviously improved, unexpected technical effects are obtained, the application range of the PVC wood-plastic composite material is further widened, and the PVC wood-plastic composite material has wide practical application value.
As an implementation mode of the embodiment of the application, the grain size of the rice hull composite material is 200-400 meshes.
In some embodiments, the rice hull composite material is ground and then screened to obtain the rice hull composite material with the grain size of 200-400 meshes.
In a third aspect, the application provides the use of the rice hull composite material of any of the second aspects in the preparation of a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material.
In some specific applications, the rice hull composite material and the polyvinyl chloride provided by the application can be compounded according to the preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material disclosed by the prior art, and the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material is prepared by heating, extruding and molding through die equipment.
In a fourth aspect, the application provides a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material, which is prepared by heating, extruding and molding plant fiber materials and polyvinyl chloride serving as main raw materials through die equipment; the plant fiber material is the rice hull composite material in any one of the second aspects.
The inventor applies the rice hull composite material provided by the application to the preparation of polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic materials on the basis of previous researches. Specifically, the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic composite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of rice hull composite material, 30 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin powder with the polymerization degree of 650-1150, 5 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of composite calcium-zinc stabilizer (commercial products such as MC92285 CP), 1 part of ACR processing modifier (commercial products such as ACR 401), 0.1 part of foaming agent (composed of azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate in a weight ratio of 1:1) and 1 part of stearic acid. Adding the raw material into a conical double screw for mixing and banburying, wherein the rotating speed of the screw is 10r/min, the banburying temperature is 150 ℃, the die temperature is 150 ℃, and the die lip temperature is 40 ℃; step A4: extruding the banburying material in the conical double screw in the step A3 to a foaming mould, foaming and molding by the foaming mould, cooling and shaping by a shaping mould, and cutting to obtain the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material.
It should be noted that, the operation steps involved in the preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material provided by the embodiment of the application, if not limited or described in particular, may be performed in a conventional manner in the art or by using the existing equipment in the art, which is not described in detail herein.
The application will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental procedures, which are not specified in the following examples, are generally determined according to national standards. If the corresponding national standard does not exist, the method is carried out according to the general international standard, the conventional condition or the condition recommended by the manufacturer.
Example 1
The example provides a rice hull composite material, and the preparation method of the rice hull composite material comprises the following steps:
step (1): adding rice hull powder into 8wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at 40 ℃ for soaking treatment for 4 hours, and then performing first filtration, first washing and first drying to obtain the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment;
step (2): adding the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite powder into water with the temperature of 85 ℃ for stirring for 1.5 hours, then adding sodium dodecyl sulfate, continuously stirring for 12 hours, and finally carrying out second filtration, second washing and second drying to obtain hydrotalcite powder modified by the surfactant;
step (3): adding 11.3g of rice hull powder subjected to alkali liquor soaking treatment and 3.5 g of hydrotalcite powder subjected to surfactant modification into a silane coupling agent aqueous solution (specifically, 0.1g of commercially available silane coupling agent 560 is added into 500ml of water, and stirring and mixing), and heating and stirring (the temperature is 80 ℃) to be thick, so as to obtain a first mixture;
step (4): performing liquid nitrogen freezing on the first mixture, adjusting the system pressure of the first mixture to 25KPa and continuously freezing for 2 hours when the first mixture is converted into solid, thawing the first mixture into a thick state at normal temperature and normal pressure, and repeating the process for 4 times to obtain the second mixture;
step (5): and drying the second mixture to constant weight, and grinding to obtain the rice hull composite material with the grain size of 200-400 meshes.
Example 2
This example provides a rice hull composite material differing from example 1 only in that: the rice hull powder after the alkali liquor soaking treatment in the step (3) is adjusted to 10.0g, and the hydrotalcite powder after the surfactant modification is adjusted to 3.0g; the rest steps and parameters are the same.
Example 3
This example provides a rice hull composite material differing from example 1 only in that: the rice hull powder after the alkali liquor soaking treatment in the step (3) is adjusted to be 12.0g, and the hydrotalcite powder after the surfactant modification is adjusted to be 4.0g; the rest steps and parameters are the same.
Example 4
This example provides a rice hull composite material differing from example 1 only in that: the pressure in the step (4) is adjusted to 60KPa; the rest steps and parameters are the same.
Comparative example 1
The example provides a rice hull composite material (without added talc powder) comprising the following steps:
step (1): adding rice hull powder into 8wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at 40 ℃ for soaking treatment for 4 hours, and then performing first filtration, first washing and first drying to obtain the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment;
step (2): adding 11.3g of rice hull powder subjected to alkali liquor soaking treatment into a silane coupling agent aqueous solution (specifically, 0.1g of commercially available silane coupling agent 560 is added into 500ml of water, and stirring and mixing the mixture), and heating and stirring the mixture (the temperature is 80 ℃) until the mixture is thick, so as to obtain a first mixture;
step (3): performing liquid nitrogen freezing on the first mixture, adjusting the system pressure of the first mixture to 25KPa and continuously freezing for 12 hours when the first mixture is converted into solid, thawing the first mixture into a thick state at normal temperature and normal pressure, and repeating the process for 4 times to obtain the second mixture;
step (4): and drying the second mixture to constant weight, and grinding to obtain the rice hull composite material with the grain size of 200-400 meshes.
Comparative example 2
This example provides a rice hull composite material differing from example 1 only in that: the hydrotalcite powder modified by the surfactant is adjusted to be commercial unmodified magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite powder; the rest steps and parameters are the same.
Comparative example 3
This example provides a rice hull composite material differing from example 1 only in that: the step (4) is adjusted as follows: freezing the first mixture for 2 hours by liquid nitrogen, thawing the first mixture into a thick state at normal temperature and normal pressure, and repeating the process for 4 times to obtain the second mixture; the rest steps and parameters are the same.
Comparative example 4
This example provides a rice hull composite material differing from example 1 only in that: in the step (3), the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment is adjusted to 10.0g, and the hydrotalcite powder after surfactant modification is adjusted to 2.3; the rest steps and parameters are the same.
Comparative example 5
This example provides a rice hull composite material differing from example 1 only in that: in the step (3), the rice hull powder after being soaked in alkali liquor is adjusted to be 12.0g, and the hydrotalcite powder after being modified by a surfactant is adjusted to be 4.7; the rest steps and parameters are the same.
Application test case
In the embodiment, the rice hull composite materials provided in the embodiments 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 are respectively applied to preparing a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material, specifically, the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material comprises, in parts by weight: 55 parts of rice hull composite material, 30 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin powder with the polymerization degree of 650-1150, 5 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of composite calcium zinc stabilizer (commercial products such as MC92285 CP), 1 part of ACR processing modifier (commercial products such as ACR 401), 0.1 part of foaming agent (composed of azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate in a weight ratio of 1:1) and 1 part of stearic acid. Adding the raw material into a conical double screw for mixing and banburying, wherein the rotating speed of the screw is 10r/min, the banburying temperature is 150 ℃, the die temperature is 150 ℃, and the die lip temperature is 40 ℃; step A4: extruding the banburying material in the conical twin screw in the step A3 to a foaming mould, foaming and molding by the foaming mould, cooling and shaping by a shaping mould, and cutting to obtain the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material; among them, rice hull composites were respectively used as rice hull composites provided in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example, and are respectively numbered as test example 1 (a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material sample prepared using a rice hull composite provided in example 1), test example 2 (a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material sample prepared using a rice hull composite provided in example 2), test example 3 (a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material sample prepared using a rice hull composite provided in example 3), test example 4 (a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material sample prepared using a rice hull composite provided in example 4), comparative test example 1 (a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material sample prepared using a rice hull composite provided in comparative example 1), comparative test example 2 (a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material sample prepared using a rice hull composite provided in comparative example 2), comparative test example 3 (a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material sample prepared using a rice hull composite provided in comparative example 3), and comparative test example 4 (a polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material sample prepared using a rice hull composite provided in comparative example 5).
The aging resistance of the polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic materials obtained by adopting the rice hull composite materials provided in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example respectively was examined. The testing method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of selecting a Q-panel ultraviolet ageing instrument, setting an ageing procedure according to an ASTMG-154 standard, dividing the ageing procedure into two stages by taking 12h as a period, simulating damage of daytime ultraviolet rays by using an ultraviolet light tube in the first stage, irradiating the composite material for 8h, wherein the irradiation intensity is 0.77W/m 2 The temperature in the irradiation stage in the experiment box is controlled at 50 ℃; the second stage is 4h condensation cycle, which is used for simulating the influence of humidity change of the composite material in the open air, the temperature of the irradiation stage in the experiment box is controlled at 40 ℃, after accelerated aging for 2000h, the color difference of the test sample is tested, the color difference reflects the difference of the color of the sample before and after aging in visual sense, the smaller the tested color difference is, the smaller the difference between the test sample and the color before aging is, the better the ageing resistance is, and the test result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Numbering device | Color difference data after aging for 2000 hours |
| Test example 1 | 0.85 |
| Test example 2 | 1.37 |
| Test example 3 | 1.41 |
| Test example 4 | 4.19 |
| Comparative test example 1 | 13.48 |
| Comparative test example 2 | 11.35 |
| Comparative test example 3 | 8.13 |
| Comparative test example 4 | 7.81 |
| Comparative test example 5 | 8.59 |
In summary, the embodiment of the application provides a rice hull composite material, which is applied to the preparation of polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic materials, and can effectively solve the problem of poor ageing resistance of the existing PVC wood-plastic composite material.
Various embodiments of the application may exist in a range of forms; it should be understood that the description in a range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as a rigid limitation on the scope of the application; it is therefore to be understood that the range description has specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and individual values within that range. For example, it should be considered that a description of a range from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, wherever applicable. In addition, whenever a numerical range is referred to herein, it is meant to include any reference number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the rice hull composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment;
obtaining hydrotalcite powder modified by a surfactant;
adding the rice hull powder subjected to alkali liquor soaking treatment and the hydrotalcite powder subjected to surfactant modification into a silane coupling agent aqueous solution, heating and stirring to be thick, so as to obtain a first mixture;
under the negative pressure condition, carrying out liquid nitrogen freezing treatment on the first mixture, and then recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain a second mixture;
and drying the second mixture, and grinding to obtain the rice hull composite material.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the rice hull powder after the alkali liquor soaking treatment, the hydrotalcite powder after the surfactant modification and the silane coupling agent in the first mixture is (100-120): (30-40): 1.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the rice hull powder after the lye soaking treatment comprises the steps of: at the temperature of 30-50 ℃, adding the rice hull powder into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the weight percentage of 5-10 wt% for soaking treatment for 3-5 hours, and then carrying out first filtration, first washing and first drying to obtain the rice hull powder after alkali liquor soaking treatment.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining surfactant-modified talc includes the steps of: adding hydrotalcite powder into water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃ for stirring for 1-2 hours, then adding surfactant, continuously stirring for 10-12 hours, and finally carrying out second filtration, second washing and second drying to obtain the hydrotalcite powder modified by the surfactant.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the hydrotalcite powder comprises magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite powder, and the surfactant comprises at least one of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfate and sodium dodecylsulfate.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of subjecting the first mixture to liquid nitrogen freezing treatment under negative pressure and then returning to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain the second mixture comprises the steps of:
s1, freezing the first mixture by liquid nitrogen, adjusting the system pressure of the first mixture to be less than or equal to 30KPa when the first mixture is converted into solid, continuously freezing for 1-3 hours, and thawing into a thick state at normal temperature and normal pressure;
s2, repeating the step S1 for 3-5 times to obtain the second mixture.
7. A rice hull composite material, characterized in that the rice hull composite material is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The rice hull composite material of claim 7, wherein said rice hull composite material has a particle size of 200-400 mesh.
9. Use of the rice hull composite material according to claim 7 or 8 for preparing polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic materials.
10. The polyvinyl chloride wood-plastic material is characterized by being prepared by heating, extruding and molding plant fiber materials and polyvinyl chloride serving as main raw materials through die equipment; the plant fiber material is the rice hull composite material of claim 7 or 8.
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| CN105348664A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-24 | 安徽广源科技发展有限公司 | A preparing method of a rice hull powder/waste polystyrene wood-plastic composite material |
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