CN1168545A

CN1168545A - HF signal distributing selector

Info

Publication number: CN1168545A
Application number: CN 96105398
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王怡然
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-06-14
Filing date: 1996-06-14
Publication date: 1997-12-24

Abstract

The present invention provides a HF signal distributing selector having N inputs and M outputs including N inlets, wherein the n-th inlet connects to n-th network line of N power distributing network, the power is distributed to M signal terminals, N power distributing networks separately curve on multiple-layer printed circuit board, signal transmission in the same layer is in transmission line of printed circuit separated with grounding layer, signal span over layer is in through hole, the m-th signal terminal of M signal terminals connects to n-th input terminal of the m-th switch in M single-pole N throw (N is equal to number of inlets), and a certain signal of outputting its N input terminals is outputted to m-th outlet of M outlets is determined through control signal added on the m-th switch.

Description

A kind of HF signal distributing selector

The present invention relates to a kind of HF signal distributing selector.

As shown in Figure 1, be existing a kind of multiple satellite receiver signal selector switch device (No. the 5746th, Taiwan patent), it is with amplifier 101,102, distributor 103 to 108 and horizontal/vertical selector switch 109～112 engage, amplify respectively, distribute and independent signal I/P1 and the I/P2 effect of selecting by the horizontal polarization vertical polarization that satellite antenna received, make two, four or many satellite receiver can select its required horizontal or vertical channel signals separately.

Society is more progressive, the message of necessary for human transmission just the more, the program channel of satellite television broadcasting also increases day by day, by originally with do not polarize multiplex's transmission of (for example vertical and level) of identical frequency band, developed into different frequency bands, the transmission technology of different polarization increases the order channel, again or when desire receives satellite-signal on a plurality of different tracks, original special receives vertical for switching, the device of two kinds of signals of level, obviously do not applied and used, the technology of prior art multiterminal microwave switch (as Taiwan patent gazette 095746) is not made this device can face two big difficulties, the first is with microstrip transmission line rate of doing work distributor 103 to 108, when four outputs of two inputs, have three place's unlike signals and cross over 113 mutually, 114,115, as shown in Figure 1, destroy the continuity of microstrip transmission line, so that the signal dispersion of crossing over, be coupled on the circuit of another signal, thereby the isolation of reduce signal, and when multiple input signals more, its signal transmssion line leap place will be more, isolation between signal must be poorer and be influenced the rating quality, if use coaxial cable for high frequency, the leap of making signal to be avoiding scattering, but coaxial cable for high frequency cost and processing cost are high and be not suitable for a large amount of productions; It two is that relay or PIN diode are made the required circuit volume of selector switch between signal, will double with the increase of input, delivery outlet number, pursues under the compact requirement in modern product, has lost the market competitiveness.

The present invention provides a kind of HF signal distributing selector at the deficiency of prior art, it utilizes the multilayer board technology, to wherein some metal level, as ground plane, and on the ground plane or make down microstrip transmission line (Microstrip-line) or between ground plane, make strip transmission line (strip line) equisignal line layer, and this printed wire transmission line is not limited thereto two classes, also can be as flat waveguide (Co-planer waveguide, CPW) etc., all quite be designed to the power divider in the high-frequency circuit, filter etc., and cost of manufacture is quite cheap, is fit to a large amount of production.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

The having relatively that high-isolation, volume are little, the loss of signal or gain symmetry, be easy to design, system with advantage such as with low cost of the present invention and prior art.

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiments thereof.

Fig. 1 is the multiterminal microwave switch figure of existing dual input;

Fig. 2 is preferred embodiment of the present invention (N=4, calcspar M=4);

Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of the multilayer board of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the generalized section of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 causes outer-layer circuit generalized section to pass through guide hole with internal layer ground connection in the multilayer board;

Fig. 6 causes lower floor circuit generalized section to pass through guide hole with upper layer signal in the multilayer board;

Fig. 7 makes the section of two signal spans, vertical view for the present invention to pass through guide hole;

Fig. 8 is the profile of microstrip transmission line;

Fig. 9 is isoplanar waveguide profile;

Figure 10 is the profile of strip transmission line;

Figure 11 is the used hilted broadsword four throw switch MMIC internal circuit diagrams of the present invention;

Figure 12 is 717 a circuit diagram among Figure 11;

The control signal schematic diagram that Figure 13 switches for signal of the present invention;

Figure 14 is the truth table of Figure 12.

In the multilayer board used in the present invention, the metal level number of plies and the signal line layer number of plies are to decide with the input/output signal number, are output as example and please refer to Fig. 2,3,4 with four inputs four, and its structure number can be in regular turn:

Ground floor the first metal layer 242 is as the first signal allocation line layer.

The second layer first dielectric substance layer 243.

The 3rd layer of second metal level 244 is as first ground plane.

The 4th layer of second dielectric substance layer 245.

Layer 5 the 3rd metal level 246 is as secondary signal distributed lines layer.

Layer 6 the 3rd dielectric substance layer 247.

Layer 7 the 4th metal level 248 is as the second wiring layer.

The 8th layer of the 4th dielectric substance layer 249.

The 9th layer of the 5th metal level 250 is as the 3rd signal allocation line layer.…

The tenth layer of the 5th dielectric substance layer 251.

Eleventh floor the 6th metal level 242 is as the 3rd ground plane.

Floor 12 the 6th dielectric substance layer 253.

The 13 layer of the 7th metal level 254 is as the 4th signal allocation line layer.

Wherein, first, second and third the layer and the 11,12,13 layer constitute the microstrip circuit structure respectively, and third and fourth, five, six, seven layers and the 7th, eight, nine, ten, eleventh floor constitute two banded circuit structures respectively, ground plane 244,248,252 can pass through guide hole (for example Fig. 5) and be connected to extraneous ground connection in facing.

By the structure of the invention described above as can be known each signal rate of doing work divide timing, the line length of process, basically be phase, and there is not a discontinuous place, so its loss is quite consistent, and do not have leap greater loss that structure causes of the prior art, and cause the difference of power after the signal allocation, and make system's performance variation.

The required element of each strip transmission line road floor of the present invention, can also pass through guide hole as resistance, amplifier etc. and cause two microstrip layers welding, only need to pass through guide hole draw the ground plane that runs through in the place open one than passing through the big slightly window of guide hole is avoided and the metal inner surface short circuit of passing through guide hole gets final product.And pass through guide hole the position should with not overlapping with his layer line road be principle, and these equivalent electric circuits that pass through guide hole are a small inductance, if when high frequency effect is influential, can be easily at the both ends open place of passing through guide hole, add a specific element coupling, make the transmission of signal in the required frequency band continuous, this element can be a bit of open circuit section.

Fig. 2,3, the 4th, the calcspar of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, explosion views and profile, it has four input ports and four delivery outlets.201 to 204 is first to fourth input ports, all be routed at the first metal layer 242, in Fig. 2 A, represent with solid line 238, with layer wiring the first power division networking 205 is arranged, first selector switch 209, second selector switch 210, the 3rd selector switch 211, the 4th selector switch 212, first delivery outlet, 213, the second delivery outlets, 214, the three delivery outlets 215, the 4th delivery outlet 216, this metal level is positioned at the ground floor of printed circuit board (PCB), so the most suitable usefulness of making the sticking work of element especially is fit to putting of surface sticking work element, and can form the structure of microstripline Fig. 8 or isoplanar waveguide Fig. 9 with first dielectric substance layer 243 and second metal level 244, this type of transmission line structure extremely is fit to constitute high-frequency signal power division networking.High-frequency signal one inputs to the first power division networking 205 by first input port and is divided into four the tunnel, directly be dispensed to the first input end of first selector switch 209, the first input end 214 of first input end 260, the three selector switches 211 of second selector switch 210 and the first input end 268 of the 4th selector switch 212.Second input port is to see through to pass through guide hole 217, be connected to the second power division networking 206 of connecting up with the 3rd metal level 246 by the first metal layer 242, the 3rd metal level 246 can with second metal, 244 second dielectric layers 245, the 3rd dielectric layer 247 and the 4th metal level 248 form strip line structure (Figure 10), and this type of strip line extremely is fit to constitute high-frequency signal power division networking; With the circuit of the 3rd metal level 246 upper threads in Fig. 2 and 3, be with 239 expressions of first kind dotted line, signal is dispensed to second input 257 of each selector switch 209～212 by power division 206,261, pass through guide hole 220,223 before 265,269,226,229 are connected to the selector switch 209～212 of the first metal layer by the 3rd metal level 246.Equally, the 3rd input port 203 causes the 5th metal level 250 by passing through guide hole 218, can with the 4th metal level 248, the four dielectric substance layers 249, the 5th dielectric substance layer 251, the 6th metal level 252 forms the strip line structure, and represents in Fig. 2 and 3 that with the second class dotted line 240 signal after power division networking 3 207 is distributed sees through and passes through guide hole 221,224,227,230 return the 3rd input 258,262 of each selector switch of the first metal layer, 266,270, the four input ports 204 cause the 7th metal level 254 metal levels and the 6th metal level 252 through passing through guide hole 219 with signal, the 6th dielectric substance layer constitutes little band or isoplanar waveguide, in Fig. 2, show it in 3 with the third dotted line 241, power division networking 208 rate of doing works on the 7th metal level 254 are distributed, pass and pass through guide hole 222,225,228,231, be connected to the four-input terminal 259 of each selector switch, 263,267,271.

Each selector switch 209,210,211, the 212nd, pass respectively in the selection control that is added in separately, different control signals is switched a certain input signal in the selection input separately, in the application that satellite TV signal is selected, the isolation of each signal should be at 20dB or better, and general high-frequency signal selector switch all can reach this requirement, but when when power division, being coupled on other signals as if signal, always there is the selector switch of high-isolation can't be, each signals layer 242,246 among the present invention with the Signal Separation that has been coupled, 250,254 all have ground plane 244,248, and 252 separate, so its degree that intercouples is extremely low, realistic demand, and its manufacturing process is general multilayer printed circuit board production procedure, is more suitable for a large amount of productions.

The present invention should with as the dielectric material of low loss such as FR4 as each layer dielectric substance layer.

Metal level of the present invention, the number of dielectric substance layer is also unrestricted, and the length of just passing through guide hole should be less than 1/4th of signal wavelength, to reduce its equivalent inductance value.

In the present embodiment with second and third, four selector switches place the first metal layer, all be difficult to place the internal layer of multilayer board because of electronic components such as most of resistance, electric capacity, transistor, integrated circuits, for cooperating the easy to assembly of most of element wherein, each electronic component can pass the different guide holes that passes through and is connected with internal layer circuit among the present invention.

The above embodiments of the present invention also can be simplified to the structure of following (Fig. 7):

Ground floor first metal 47 is as first signal, secondary signal distributed lines layer.

The second layer first dielectric substance layer 48.

The 3rd layer of second metal level is as ground plane 49.

The 4th layer of second dielectric substance layer 410.

Layer 5 the 3rd metal level 411 is as the 3rd and the 4th signal allocation line layer.

Wherein, first, second and third the layer and third and fourth, five layers constitute two microstrip structures respectively, and the 3rd layer except that doing ground connection, and as the separator of first and second and third and fourth signal, because of first and second and third and fourth signal distributes transmission in same line layer, will produce some signal spans, can use and pass through the signal that guide hole 44 will be crossed over, pass through and cause another line layer transmission 411.After leap is finished, return original line layer 47 to pass through guide hole 45 again, because of can offsetting discontinuity by this above-mentioned matching process,, also need not use expensive coaxial cable so its isolation and insertion loss can variation.

The present invention utilizes the above-mentioned unique texture can be with a plurality of signal allocation to a plurality of different switching selection switch, and the structure of distributed lines is quite a lot of, and scattering phenomenon reduces, during design more near theoretical value.Can adopt suitable distributed lines, each input signal is dispensed to input with the individual switches of delivery outlet similar number, select for the user.

In the MMIC processing procedure, can see through as shown in Figure 1 wherein transistorized conducting or cut-off state make signal by or draw and be connected to a matched load (for example 50 ohm), when transistor 705, during 710,711,712 conductings, transistor 709,706,707,708 end, so be output as signal 701 signal ends 702,703,704 seen, be a matched load respectively, so there is not signal reflex to return signal source.

Going up routine employed switch is that a hilted broadsword four is thrown (SP4T) switch MMIC, and reduction circuit volume, and inner four group transistors is greatly made under same processing procedure, and characteristic (for example insertion loss) is quite approaching, but not general separate type element can be compared.Moreover MMIC can add amplifying circuit when making, and distributes the insertion loss at networking with compensation, and can not increase too high cost.

Current most of satellite television receiver structure all provides 13 or 18 volts DC potential calibration signal as level, the control signal that vertical signal switches, but more than two kinds of signals when available two DC control positions do not re-use, in order to save extra control signal wire, can use 9,12,15, four kinds of different dc digital signals such as 18 volts of grades switch four groups of different satellite-signals, also can drive high-frequency signal selector switch as the alternating current-direct current demodulation logic circuit of Figure 12 as Figure 11, controlling signal can have the 13V direct current as shown in figure 13, the 18V direct current, the superpose ac small signal of a characteristic frequency of 13V direct current ripple, superpose 4 kinds of electric potential signals such as ac small signal of same characteristic frequency of 18V direct current ripple, when control signal imported 801,802 had isolated direct current, the 804th, characteristic frequency exchanges detector, when the AC signal of characteristic frequency (routine 22KHZ),, otherwise be zero with its output 1.803 have isolated interchange, and the 805th, direct voltage is device relatively, output 1 when input 18V, output 0 during input 13VC.

By easy logical circuit thereafter, just can draw output as the truth table of Figure 14, to drive the high frequency selector switch of Figure 11.

Claims

1, a kind of HF signal distributing selector, have N input, M output comprises N input port, it is characterized in that: n defeated population is connected to n netting twine in N the power division networking, with power division to M signal end, touch quarter on multilayer board respectively at N power division networking, do to transmit with the printed wire transmission line that ground plane is separated with layer signal, do layer signal leap more to pass through guide hole, m signal end in M signal end is connected to n input of m switch in M the hilted broadsword N throw switch (N=input port number), and a certain signal specific that sees through its N of the control signal decision output input that is added to m switch outputs to m delivery outlet in M the delivery outlet

Wherein, N＞2; M 〉=1; N=1,2 ... N-1, N; M=1.2 ... .M-1, M; And N, N, n, m is integer,

2, HF signal distributing selector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the printed wire transmission line adopts microstripline or strip line structure.

3, HF signal distributing selector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: N hilted broadsword N throw switch adopts the MMIC technology to make.

4, HF signal distributing selector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: N=M=4 wherein.

5, HF signal distributing selector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the control signal that is added on a M hilted broadsword N throw switch has four kinds, is respectively the 13V direct current, the 18V direct current, 13V really flows ripple stack 22KHz and exchanges, and 18V direct current ripple stack 22KHz exchanges four kinds of electric potential signals.