CN116852826A - Heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116852826A
CN116852826A CN202310607931.7A CN202310607931A CN116852826A CN 116852826 A CN116852826 A CN 116852826A CN 202310607931 A CN202310607931 A CN 202310607931A CN 116852826 A CN116852826 A CN 116852826A
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aerogel
layer
gmt
composite material
felt
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秦永利
何睿
马会娟
周若瑜
汪嘉诚
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Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory
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Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
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    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/043—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with glass fibres
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    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
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Abstract

The invention provides a heat-insulating composite material and a preparation method thereof. The heat insulation composite material comprises a surface layer, a core layer and a bottom layer, wherein the core layer is arranged between the surface layer and the bottom layer, the surface layer and the bottom layer are both glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material laminates, the core layer is a GMT aerogel felt, and the GMT aerogel felt comprises a light GMT material and aerogel covered on the light GMT material; the light GMT material comprises a blend fiber felt and a composite layer of aerogel and resin powder, wherein the composite layer comprises two layers and is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blend fiber felt. The heat-insulating composite material prepared by the invention has the advantages of light weight, high interface bonding strength, excellent mechanical property and good heat-insulating effect.

Description

Heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a heat-insulating composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The traditional heat-insulating material for logistics vehicles adopts a foam board composite steel plate, and has certain heat-insulating effect, but the heat-insulating composite material has too large mass, and brings inconvenience to transportation and use. Polyurethane is also widely used in the field of heat insulation materials, but polyurethane cannot be recovered and is unfavorable for environmental protection. In addition, the material for heat preservation and heat insulation of the logistics vehicle has higher requirements on binding force between different layers and also has higher requirements on heat preservation and heat insulation material performance of the material because the material needs to meet the requirements on mechanical properties such as larger tearing resistance, impact resistance and the like when a plurality of layers of materials are used, and the material needs to meet the requirements on good heat preservation and heat insulation performance in long-distance transportation.
The GMT material is a novel composite material formed by compounding glass fiber felt and thermoplastic resin, and has the advantages of high strength, high impact toughness, good bearing property, high temperature resistance, light weight, recycling, difficult deformation, good sound absorption, sound insulation, no smell and the like, thus having great potential in the application field of heat insulation materials for logistics vehicles. When only the glass fiber mat is used, although a certain heat preservation and insulation effect can be exerted, the heat preservation and insulation efficiency is low, and the heat loss is large. In addition, the thermoplastic resin and glass fibers in GMT materials are difficult to combine, and more binder is required to prepare the glass fiber mat, which causes environmental pollution and also increases the difficulty of the preparation process, such as cn20222004123. X.
In view of the above problems, there are studies on the arrangement of an aerogel layer such as CN217105608U and CN208867647U in the preparation of a heat insulating composite material, but this arrangement has the following problems: (1) The aerogel cannot be added in a large amount, and the excessive addition amount of the aerogel can lead to the need of increasing the consumption of the binder; (2) The aerogel is independently arranged as one layer, the content of the aerogel in the layer is relatively too high, so that the bonding strength between the aerogel heat-insulating layer and the surface layer is poor, and the mechanical property of the prepared material is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a heat-insulating composite material and a preparation method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the heat-insulating composite material is characterized by comprising a surface layer, a core layer and a bottom layer, wherein the core layer is arranged between the surface layer and the bottom layer; the surface layer and the bottom layer are both made of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite materials;
the core layer is a GMT aerogel felt, the GMT aerogel felt comprises a light GMT material and aerogel covered on the surface of the light GMT material, and a silica sol dried product is aerogel;
the light GMT material comprises a blend fiber felt and a composite layer of aerogel and resin powder, wherein the composite layer comprises two layers and is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blend fiber felt.
The mass ratio of the aerogel to the resin powder in the composite layer is 1:10-20.
The resin powder in the composite layer is polypropylene resin powder.
The thickness of the core layer is about 3-30 mm, and the thicknesses of the surface layer and the bottom layer are both 0.5-2 mm.
The aerogel in the composite layer is hydrophobic aerogel. The hydrophobic aerogel is an epoxy group-containing aerogel prepared by performing KH560 surface modification on the aerogel. The preparation method is that the aerogel is soaked in KH560 with the weight percent of 5-10 percent for 2-8 hours and then dried at the temperature of 50-60 ℃.
The hydrophobic aerogel contains epoxy groups, and the epoxy groups are randomly condensed with the alcoholic hydroxyl groups in the silica sol, so that the bonding strength of the composite layer and the aerogel is further enhanced.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the heat-insulating composite material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a light GMT material: blending modified polypropylene fibers and glass fibers together to obtain a blend fiber felt, paving a layer of mixed powder of resin powder and aerogel on the surface of the blend fiber felt, and carrying out dipping, hot pressing and baking to obtain a light GMT material;
(2) Preparation of GMT aerogel blanket: dipping and mixing the light GMT material with a silica sol solution, and drying after the silica sol solution is gelled to obtain a GMT aerogel felt;
(3) Preparing a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material: uniformly mixing polypropylene resin, carbon black M717 and an antioxidant (the mixture of the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1), granulating, preparing a resin film, sequentially laying the resin film, a glass fiber felt and the resin film, and performing hot pressing, cooling and shaping to obtain a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material;
(4) Sequentially laying a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material, a GMT aerogel felt and the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material, and performing compression molding to obtain the heat insulation composite material.
The resin powder added in the step (1) is polypropylene resin powder, the surface of the blend fiber felt can be fully impregnated with the resin powder, and the blend fiber felt can be fully wrapped by polypropylene resin and aerogel after subsequent heating and hot pressing.
The mixing mass ratio of the modified polypropylene fiber and the glass fiber in the step (1) is 2-6:3-8; the blended felt contains polypropylene fiber and has viscosity during hot pressing, so that the blended felt can provide stronger bonding strength with the composite layer, and is convenient for controlling the thickness of the integral heat-insulating composite material;
the preparation method of the modified polypropylene fiber in the step (1) comprises the following steps: mixing 90-95 parts of polypropylene resin, 2-6 parts of polybutadiene, 0.1-1 part of azodiisobutyronitrile, 0.1-1 part of cyclic anhydride and 0.1-1 part of bisphenol A type cyanate, heating and boosting to 130-140 ℃, and rapidly stirring under 15-20MPa to obtain modified polypropylene resin, and then performing spinning treatment to obtain modified polypropylene fibers. The modification of the polypropylene fibers results in a more uniform mixing of the polypropylene fibers and the glass fibers.
The impregnation in (1) can be performed by using an electrostatic dry impregnation method, so that the resin powder can be more uniformly coated on the surface of the fiber mat.
In the step (2), surface hydrophobic modification may be performed in the gel stage as required.
The drying temperature in the step (2) is 90-120 ℃.
The content of each component in the (3) is 97.5wt% of polypropylene resin, 2wt% of carbon black M717 and 0.5wt% of antioxidant respectively.
Aerogel can be added into the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material in the step (3), and the content of each component is 94.5wt% of polypropylene resin, 2wt% of carbon black M717, 0.5wt% of antioxidant and 3wt% of aerogel respectively.
The temperature of the die pressing in the step (4) is 180-200 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 3-5 Mpa, and the hot pressing time is 1-4 min.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, the aerogel dry powder is mixed in the resin powder in advance in the preparation of the core layer, so that the problems that in the prior art, the mechanical property of the material is poor and the heat insulation performance is not excellent enough due to the fact that too much aerogel and other components cannot be added in the mixing process are solved, and the prepared material has excellent heat insulation performance and heat insulation performance.
(2) The fiber felt adopts the blended felt of the polypropylene resin and the glass fiber felt, the polypropylene resin is uniformly distributed in the fiber felt, and the polypropylene resin can also have a bonding effect through hot pressing, so that the interface bonding strength of the core layer is higher, and the overall thickness of the composite material is also beneficial to control through hot pressing.
(3) According to the invention, at least two aerogel layers are introduced into the GMT material, and different aerogel layers are connected through chemical bonds, so that the interface bonding strength between different layers is further enhanced, and meanwhile, the light aerogel components are uniformly adhered to the surface of the glass fiber mat, so that the heat insulation performance of the GMT material is further improved.
(4) The process of the invention ensures that the resin powder in the core layer material and the resin in the surface layer material are mutually combined through the fused polypropylene resin during hot pressing, thereby well solving the problem of difficult interface combination of the GMT material, avoiding the need of using an adhesive additionally and being more beneficial to environmental protection.
(5) The composite material provided by the invention has higher interfacial bonding strength between all layers, has excellent mechanical properties such as impact resistance, tear resistance and the like, and prolongs the service life of the heat-insulating composite material.
Detailed Description
The aerogel in the composite layer is hydrophobic aerogel. The hydrophobic aerogel is an epoxy group-containing aerogel prepared by performing KH560 surface modification on the aerogel. The preparation method comprises soaking aerogel in 5wt% KH560 for 4 hr, and drying at 60deg.C.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of light GMT material:
respectively taking polypropylene resin, polybutadiene, azodiisobutyronitrile, cyclic anhydride and bisphenol A type cyanate according to the mass ratio of 92:6:1:0.5:0.5, mixing, heating and boosting to 130 ℃, rapidly stirring after 15MPa to obtain modified polypropylene resin, and then carrying out spinning treatment to obtain modified polypropylene fibers for later use; then glass fiber and modified polypropylene fiber are selected according to the mass ratio of 1:1 and are uniformly mixed, and 3000g/m is prepared through carding, lapping and needling 2 Cutting the blend fiber felt as required for later use; the aerogel is prepared by the following steps: the mixed powder of the kH560 modified hydrophobic aerogel and the polypropylene resin powder is sprayed on the surface of the blend fiber felt according to the mass ratio of the polypropylene resin to the polypropylene resin of 1:15, wherein the spraying amount is 100g/m 2 Uniformly spreading a layer of mixed powder on the surface of the felt, and rapidly impregnating the felt with the powder by electrostatic dry impregnation, wherein the impregnation time is 15s, the passing speed is 5m/min, and the obtained mixed felt is subjected to double-sided needling reinforcement, wherein the needling is up and down 50 thorns/cm 2 The needling depth is 15mm up and down respectively, the preheating felt plate is heated to 150 ℃, then is continuously rolled for hot pressing for 4min, and is then placed in an oven for heating and baking at 170 ℃ for 60min, so that the light GMT material with the thickness of 15mm is obtained.
(2) GMT aerogel blanket:
placing the light GMT material in a proper container in a coiled form, injecting the prepared silica sol solution into the paved light GMT material, exhausting air in the light GMT material, and drying the solution after the solution is gelled by supercritical fluid to obtain a GMT aerogel felt;
(3) Preparing a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material:
taking polypropylene resin, carbon black M717, an antioxidant (the mixture of the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1) and aerogel according to a mass ratio of 94.5:2:0.5:3, uniformly stirring at 500r/min, and carrying out melt extrusion to prepare the resin film. Sequentially laying the resin film/glass fiber felt/resin film, heating the resin film to 200 ℃ by a die pressing device, fully melting the resin film, hot-pressing under 5MPa, and cooling and shaping to obtain the glass fiber felt reinforced polypropylene composite material;
(4) And (3) hot pressing and compounding:
sequentially laying a layer of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, a layer of aerogel reinforced GMT composite material and the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, adopting a double-steel-belt continuous press for compression molding, and carrying out compression molding under the conditions that the hot pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 4Mpa and the hot pressing time is 3min, and carrying out hot pressing composite shaping to obtain the heat insulation composite material.
Example 2
(1) Preparing a light GMT material:
respectively taking polypropylene resin, polybutadiene, azodiisobutyronitrile, cyclic anhydride and bisphenol A type cyanate according to the mass ratio of 92:6:1:0.5:0.5, mixing, heating and boosting to 130 ℃, rapidly stirring after 15MPa to obtain modified polypropylene resin, and then carrying out spinning treatment to obtain modified polypropylene fibers for later use; then glass fiber and modified polypropylene fiber are selected according to the mass ratio of 1:1 and are uniformly mixed, and 3000g/m is prepared through carding, lapping and needling 2 Cutting the blend fiber felt as required for later use; the aerogel is prepared by the following steps: the mixed powder of the kH560 modified hydrophobic aerogel and the polypropylene resin powder is sprayed on the surface of the blend fiber felt according to the mass ratio of the polypropylene resin to the polypropylene resin of 1:20, wherein the spraying amount is 100g/m 2 Uniformly spreading a layer of mixed powder on the surface, and impregnating by electrostatic dry methodThe powder is impregnated into the felt rapidly, wherein the impregnation time is 15s, the passing speed is 5m/min, the obtained mixed felt is subjected to double-sided needling reinforcement, and the needling is up and down 50 thorns/cm 2 The needling depth is 15mm up and down respectively, the preheating felt plate is heated to 150 ℃, then is continuously rolled for hot pressing for 4min, and is then placed in an oven for heating and baking at 170 ℃ for 60min, so that the light GMT material with the thickness of 15mm is obtained.
(2) Preparation of GMT aerogel blanket:
placing the light GMT material in a proper container in a rolled form or a flat form, injecting the prepared silica sol solution into the laid light GMT material, exhausting air in the light GMT material, and drying by a supercritical fluid after the solution is gelled to obtain a GMT aerogel felt;
(3) Preparing a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material:
taking polypropylene resin, carbon black M717, an antioxidant (the mixture of the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1) and aerogel according to a mass ratio of 94.5:2:0.5:3, uniformly stirring at 500r/min, and carrying out melt extrusion to prepare the resin film. Sequentially laying the resin film/glass fiber felt/resin film, heating the resin film to 200 ℃ by a die pressing device, fully melting the resin film, hot-pressing under 5MPa, and cooling and shaping to obtain the glass fiber felt reinforced polypropylene composite material;
(4) And (3) hot pressing and compounding:
sequentially laying a layer of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, a layer of aerogel reinforced GMT composite material and the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, adopting a double-steel-belt continuous press for compression molding, and carrying out compression molding under the conditions that the hot pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 4Mpa and the hot pressing time is 3min, and carrying out hot pressing composite shaping to obtain the heat insulation composite material.
Example 3
(1) Preparing a light GMT material:
respectively taking polypropylene resin, polybutadiene, azodiisobutyronitrile, cyclic anhydride and bisphenol A cyanate according to the mass ratio of 92:6:1:0.5:0.5, mixing, heating and boosting to 130 ℃, rapidly stirring after 15MPa to obtain modified polypropylene resin, and carrying out spinning treatment to obtain modified poly (propylene carbonate)Propylene fiber is reserved; then glass fiber and modified polypropylene fiber are selected according to the mass ratio of 1:1 and are uniformly mixed, and 3000g/m is prepared through carding, lapping and needling 2 Cutting the blend fiber felt as required for later use; the aerogel is prepared by the following steps: the mixed powder of the kH560 modified hydrophobic aerogel and the polypropylene resin powder is sprayed on the surface of the blend fiber felt according to the mass ratio of the polypropylene resin to the 1:10, wherein the spraying amount is 100g/m 2 Uniformly spreading a layer of mixed powder on the surface of the felt, and rapidly impregnating the felt with the powder by electrostatic dry impregnation, wherein the impregnation time is 15s, the passing speed is 5m/min, and the obtained mixed felt is subjected to double-sided needling reinforcement, wherein the needling is up and down 50 thorns/cm 2 The needling depth is 15mm up and down respectively, the preheating felt plate is heated to 150 ℃, then is continuously rolled for hot pressing for 4min, and is then placed in an oven for heating and baking at 170 ℃ for 60min, so that the light GMT material with the thickness of 15mm is obtained.
(2) Preparation of GMT aerogel blanket:
placing the light GMT material in a proper container in a rolled form or a flat form, injecting the prepared silica sol solution into the laid light GMT material, exhausting air in the light GMT material, and drying by a supercritical fluid after the solution is gelled to obtain a GMT aerogel felt;
(3) Preparing a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material:
taking polypropylene resin, carbon black M717, an antioxidant (the mixture of the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1) and aerogel according to a mass ratio of 94.5:2:0.5:3, uniformly stirring at 500r/min, and carrying out melt extrusion to prepare the resin film. Sequentially laying the resin film/glass fiber felt/resin film, heating the resin film to 200 ℃ by a die pressing device, fully melting the resin film, hot-pressing under 5MPa, and cooling and shaping to obtain the glass fiber felt reinforced polypropylene composite material;
(4) And (3) hot pressing and compounding:
sequentially laying a layer of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, a layer of aerogel reinforced GMT composite material and the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, adopting a double-steel-belt continuous press for compression molding, and carrying out compression molding under the conditions that the hot pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 4Mpa and the hot pressing time is 3min, and carrying out hot pressing composite shaping to obtain the heat insulation composite material.
Example 4
(1) Preparing a light GMT material:
respectively taking polypropylene resin, polybutadiene, azodiisobutyronitrile, cyclic anhydride and bisphenol A type cyanate according to the mass ratio of 92:6:1:0.5:0.5, mixing, heating and boosting to 130 ℃, rapidly stirring after 15MPa to obtain modified polypropylene resin, and then carrying out spinning treatment to obtain modified polypropylene fibers for later use; then glass fiber and modified polypropylene fiber are selected according to the mass ratio of 4:1 and are uniformly mixed, and 3000g/m is prepared through carding, lapping and needling 2 Cutting the blend fiber felt as required for later use; the aerogel is prepared by the following steps: the mixed powder of the kH560 modified hydrophobic aerogel and the polypropylene resin powder is sprayed on the surface of the blend fiber felt according to the mass ratio of the polypropylene resin to the polypropylene resin of 1:15, wherein the spraying amount is 100g/m 2 Uniformly spreading a layer of mixed powder on the surface of the felt, and rapidly impregnating the felt with the powder by electrostatic dry impregnation, wherein the impregnation time is 15s, the passing speed is 5m/min, and the obtained mixed felt is subjected to double-sided needling reinforcement, wherein the needling is up and down 50 thorns/cm 2 The needling depth is 15mm up and down respectively, the preheating felt plate is heated to 150 ℃, then is continuously rolled for hot pressing for 4min, and is then placed in an oven for heating and baking at 170 ℃ for 60min, so that the light GMT material with the thickness of 15mm is obtained.
(2) Preparation of GMT aerogel blanket:
placing the light GMT material in a proper container in a rolled form or a flat form, injecting the prepared silica sol solution into the laid light GMT material, exhausting air in the light GMT material, and drying by a supercritical fluid after the solution is gelled to obtain the GMT aerogel felt;
(3) Preparing a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material:
taking polypropylene resin, carbon black M717, an antioxidant (the mixture of the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1) and aerogel according to a mass ratio of 94.5:2:0.5:3, uniformly stirring at 500r/min, and carrying out melt extrusion to prepare the resin film. Sequentially laying the resin film/glass fiber felt/resin film after splitting, heating the resin film to 200 ℃ by a die pressing device, fully melting the resin film, hot-pressing under 5MPa, and cooling and shaping to obtain the glass fiber felt reinforced polypropylene composite material;
(4) And (3) hot pressing and compounding:
sequentially laying a layer of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, a layer of aerogel reinforced GMT composite material and the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, adopting a double-steel-belt continuous press for compression molding, and carrying out compression molding under the conditions that the hot pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 4Mpa and the hot pressing time is 3min, and carrying out hot pressing composite shaping to obtain the heat insulation composite material.
Example 5
(1) Preparing a light GMT material:
respectively taking polypropylene resin, polybutadiene, azodiisobutyronitrile, cyclic anhydride and bisphenol A type cyanate according to the mass ratio of 92:6:1:0.5:0.5, mixing, heating and boosting to 130 ℃, rapidly stirring after 15MPa to obtain modified polypropylene resin, and then carrying out spinning treatment to obtain modified polypropylene fibers for later use; then glass fiber and modified polypropylene fiber are selected according to the mass ratio of 1:2 and are uniformly mixed, and 3000g/m is prepared through carding, lapping and needling 2 Cutting the blend fiber felt as required for later use; the aerogel is prepared by the following steps: the mixed powder of the kH560 modified hydrophobic aerogel and the polypropylene resin powder is sprayed on the surface of the blend fiber felt according to the mass ratio of the polypropylene resin to the polypropylene resin of 1:15, wherein the spraying amount is 100g/m 2 Uniformly spreading a layer of mixed powder on the surface of the felt, and rapidly impregnating the felt with the powder by electrostatic dry impregnation, wherein the impregnation time is 15s, the passing speed is 5m/min, and the obtained mixed felt is subjected to double-sided needling reinforcement, wherein the needling is up and down 50 thorns/cm 2 The needling depth is 15mm up and down respectively, the preheating felt plate is heated to 150 ℃, then is continuously rolled for hot pressing for 4min, and is then placed in an oven for heating and baking at 170 ℃ for 60min, so that the light GMT material with the thickness of 15mm is obtained.
(2) Preparation of GMT aerogel blanket:
placing the light GMT material in a proper container in a rolled form or a flat form, injecting the prepared silica sol solution into the laid light GMT material, exhausting air in the light GMT material, and drying by a supercritical fluid after the solution is gelled to obtain a GMT aerogel felt;
(3) Preparing a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material:
taking polypropylene resin, carbon black M717, an antioxidant (the mixture of the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1) and aerogel according to a mass ratio of 94.5:2:0.5:3, uniformly stirring at 500r/min, and carrying out melt extrusion to prepare the resin film. Sequentially laying the resin film/glass fiber felt/resin film, heating the resin film to 200 ℃ by a die pressing device, fully melting the resin film, hot-pressing under 5MPa, and cooling and shaping to obtain the glass fiber felt reinforced polypropylene composite material;
(4) And (3) hot pressing and compounding:
sequentially laying a layer of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, a layer of aerogel reinforced GMT composite material and the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, adopting a double-steel-belt continuous press for compression molding, and carrying out compression molding under the conditions that the hot pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 4Mpa and the hot pressing time is 3min, and carrying out hot pressing composite shaping to obtain the heat insulation composite material.
Example 6
(1) Preparing a light GMT material:
respectively taking polypropylene resin, polybutadiene, azodiisobutyronitrile, cyclic anhydride and bisphenol A type cyanate according to the mass ratio of 92:6:1:0.5:0.5, mixing, heating and boosting to 130 ℃, rapidly stirring after 15MPa to obtain modified polypropylene resin, and then carrying out spinning treatment to obtain modified polypropylene fibers for later use; then glass fiber and modified polypropylene fiber are selected according to the mass ratio of 1:2 and are uniformly mixed, and 3000g/m is prepared through carding, lapping and needling 2 Cutting the blend fiber felt as required for later use; the aerogel is prepared by the following steps: the mixed powder of the kH560 modified hydrophobic aerogel and the polypropylene resin powder is sprayed on the surface of the blend fiber felt according to the mass ratio of the polypropylene resin to the polypropylene resin of 1:15, wherein the spraying amount is 100g/m 2 Uniformly spreading a layer of mixed powder on the surface of the felt, and rapidly impregnating the felt with the powder by electrostatic dry impregnation, wherein the impregnation time is 15s, the passing speed is 5m/min, and the obtained mixed felt is subjected to double-sided needling reinforcement, wherein the needling is up and down 50 thorns/cm 2 The needling depth is 15mm up and down respectively, and the preheating felt plate is heatedAnd (3) continuously rolling for hot pressing for 4min after the temperature reaches 150 ℃, and then placing the mixture in an oven for heating and baking at 170 ℃ for 60min to obtain the light GMT material with the thickness of 15 mm.
(2) Preparation of GMT aerogel blanket:
placing the light GMT material in a proper container in a rolled form or a flat form, injecting the prepared silica sol solution into the laid light GMT material, exhausting air in the light GMT material, and drying by a supercritical fluid after the solution is gelled to obtain a GMT aerogel felt;
(3) Preparing a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material:
taking polypropylene resin, carbon black M717 and an antioxidant (the mixture of the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 in the mass ratio of 1:1) according to the mass ratio of 97.5:2:0.5, uniformly stirring at 500r/min, and preparing the resin film after melt extrusion. Sequentially laying the resin film/glass fiber felt/resin film, heating the resin film to 200 ℃ by a die pressing device, fully melting the resin film, hot-pressing under 5MPa, and cooling and shaping to obtain the glass fiber felt reinforced polypropylene composite material;
(4) And (3) hot pressing and compounding:
sequentially laying a layer of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, a layer of aerogel reinforced GMT composite material and the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene material composite material, adopting a double-steel-belt continuous press for compression molding, and carrying out compression molding under the conditions that the hot pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 4MPa and the hot pressing time is 3min, and carrying out hot pressing composite shaping to obtain the heat insulation composite material.
Comparative example 1:
(1) The preparation method of the common GMT composite material comprises the following steps: dispersing glass fiber bundles on a mesh belt, uniformly scattering polyester resin powder in the glass fiber bundles, heating to 200 ℃ to solidify the polyester resin powder to form a glass fiber felt, stirring polypropylene resin, carbon black M717 and an antioxidant (the mixture of the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 1:1) for 5min at a speed of 1500 revolutions per minute, then melting, blending, extruding and granulating in an extruder to obtain resin matrix particles, laminating the resin matrix particles into a resin matrix, alternately laying the resin matrix and a layer of glass fiber felt, heating to 230 ℃ by equipment, fully melting the resin matrix, and hot-pressing under 10 MPa; cooling and shaping to obtain a common GMT material;
(2) Mixing aerogel particles with a binder, and hot-pressing to prepare the aerogel heat-insulating layer. And sequentially layering the common GMT material, the aerogel heat insulation layer and the common GMT material.
(3) And (5) hot press shaping: and (3) adopting a double-steel-belt continuous press for compression molding, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 150 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 4Mpa, the hot pressing time is 3min, and the heat-insulating composite material is obtained through hot pressing composite shaping.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that the light GMT material was prepared without impregnating with the mixed powder of resin powder and aerogel, and only a layer of resin powder was spread on the surface of the blend fiber mat.
Test results
Test item Coefficient of thermal conductivity Impact Strength (KJ/m) 2 ) Stripping force (N)
Example 1 0.028 102 80
Example 2 0.028 105 82
Example 3 0.028 96 75
Example 4 0.035 93 74
Example 5 0.03 112 85
Example 6 0.03 107 83
Comparative example 1 0.05 38 Delamination occurs
Comparative example 2 0.06 83 61
The embodiment of the invention is a few examples of the composite material provided by the invention, the comparative example is the composite material provided by the prior art, and the test results show that the composite material prepared by the invention has excellent heat conduction performance and better mechanical properties related to impact strength and stripping force.

Claims (10)

1. The heat-insulating composite material is characterized by comprising a surface layer, a core layer and a bottom layer, wherein the core layer is arranged between the surface layer and the bottom layer;
the surface layer and the bottom layer are both made of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite materials;
the core layer is a GMT aerogel felt, and the GMT aerogel felt comprises a light GMT material and aerogel covered on the surface of the light GMT material;
the light GMT material comprises a composite layer of blend fiber felt, aerogel and resin powder, wherein the composite layer comprises two layers and is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blend fiber felt.
2. The heat insulation composite material of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of aerogel to resin powder in the composite layer is 1:10-20.
3. The insulation composite of claim 1, wherein the aerogel in the composite layer is a hydrophobic aerogel.
4. The heat insulation composite of claim 3, wherein the hydrophobic aerogel is an epoxy-containing aerogel prepared by surface modification of an aerogel with KH 560.
5. The insulation composite of claim 1, wherein the resin powder in the composite layer is polypropylene resin powder.
6. The heat insulation composite of claim 1, wherein the core layer has a thickness of 3-30 mm and the facing or bottom layer has a thickness of 0.5-2 mm.
7. The preparation method of the heat-insulating composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Preparing a light GMT material: blending modified polypropylene fibers and glass fibers together to obtain a blend fiber felt, paving a layer of mixed powder of resin powder and hydrophobic aerogel on the surface of the blend fiber felt, and obtaining a light GMT material after dipping, hot pressing and baking;
(2) Preparation of GMT aerogel blanket: dipping and mixing the light GMT material with a silica sol solution, and drying to obtain a GMT aerogel felt after the silica sol solution is gelled;
(3) Preparing a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material: uniformly mixing polypropylene resin, carbon black M717 and an antioxidant, granulating, preparing a resin film, sequentially laying the resin film, a glass fiber felt and the resin film, and carrying out hot pressing, cooling and shaping to obtain a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material;
(4) Sequentially laying a glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material, a GMT aerogel felt and the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material, and performing compression molding to obtain the heat insulation composite material.
8. The method for preparing the heat-insulating composite material according to claim 7, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the modified polypropylene fiber and the glass fiber in the step (1) is 2-6:3-8.
9. The method for preparing the heat-insulating composite material according to claim 7, wherein the method for preparing the modified polypropylene fiber in (1) comprises the following steps: mixing 90-95 parts of polypropylene resin, 2-6 parts of polybutadiene, 0.1-1 part of azodiisobutyronitrile, 0.1-1 part of cyclic anhydride and 0.1-1 part of bisphenol A type cyanate, heating and boosting, rapidly stirring to obtain modified polypropylene resin, and carrying out spinning treatment to obtain the modified polypropylene fiber.
10. The method for preparing a heat-insulating composite material according to claim 7, wherein the molding temperature in the step (4) is 180-200 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 3-5 mpa, and the hot pressing time is 1-4 min.
CN202310607931.7A 2023-05-26 2023-05-26 Heat insulation composite material and preparation method thereof Pending CN116852826A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103507367A (en) * 2012-06-18 2014-01-15 辽宁辽杰科技有限公司 Composite sandwich thermal-insulation sheet material and preparation method thereof
CN104802486A (en) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-29 上海杰事杰新材料(集团)股份有限公司 Plastic composite baseboard, and production method and use thereof
CN107265913A (en) * 2016-04-08 2017-10-20 南京唯才新能源科技有限公司 A kind of aerogel composite and preparation method thereof
CN208867647U (en) * 2018-07-25 2019-05-17 浙江浩卓新材料科技有限公司 A kind of automobile-used heat preservation plate material of multifunctional light
CN112606443A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-06 合肥杰迈特汽车新材料有限公司 Processing technology of ultra-light GMT plate
CN114953622A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-30 绍兴市暖壹节能科技有限公司 Composite aerogel heat insulation felt core material and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103507367A (en) * 2012-06-18 2014-01-15 辽宁辽杰科技有限公司 Composite sandwich thermal-insulation sheet material and preparation method thereof
CN104802486A (en) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-29 上海杰事杰新材料(集团)股份有限公司 Plastic composite baseboard, and production method and use thereof
CN107265913A (en) * 2016-04-08 2017-10-20 南京唯才新能源科技有限公司 A kind of aerogel composite and preparation method thereof
CN208867647U (en) * 2018-07-25 2019-05-17 浙江浩卓新材料科技有限公司 A kind of automobile-used heat preservation plate material of multifunctional light
CN112606443A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-06 合肥杰迈特汽车新材料有限公司 Processing technology of ultra-light GMT plate
CN114953622A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-30 绍兴市暖壹节能科技有限公司 Composite aerogel heat insulation felt core material and preparation method thereof

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