CN116851960A - Preparation method of sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic matrix composite and nickel-based superalloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic matrix composite and nickel-based superalloy Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011153 ceramic matrix composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sandwich solder of a brazing ceramic matrix composite and a nickel-based superalloy, wherein the sandwich solder is formed by compounding three layers of alloys of AgCu solder, high-entropy solder and AgCu solder, the high-entropy solder is positioned between two layers of AgCu solder, and the chemical formula of the high-entropy solder is NiCrVSiMnCu x ，NiCrVSiMnCu x The value range of x is 0-0.5, wherein the molar ratio of Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu is 1:1:1:1:1: and 0-0.5, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and drying on the raw materials, overlapping according to the sequence of Ag-28Cu brazing filler metal, high-entropy brazing filler metal and Ag-28Cu brazing filler metal, putting into a vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace for diffusion welding to obtain a composite brazing filler metal alloy, and carrying out annealing treatment, cold rolling, cutting and surface cleaning and polishing to prepare the sandwich brazing filler metal alloy foil. The invention adopts the sandwich brazing filler metal to prepareThe preparation method solves the problem that the metal-based brazing filler metal is coated on SiC f The SiC composite material has poor wettability on the welding surface, and can effectively inhibit the generation of brittle metal compounds, thereby improving the shear strength of the welding joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dissimilar material connection, in particular to a preparation method of a sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic matrix composites and nickel-based superalloy.
Background
Along with the aggravation of international competition and the fluctuation of situation, china has higher requirements on national defense equipment, and the development of aeroengines with high thrust-weight ratio is urgent. Due to the large number of applications of new materials and the optimized design of structures, mechanical manufacturing and machining processes face significant challenges in the manufacturing process of high thrust-weight ratio aeroengines. The stator blade structure in the aeroengine structure is a key component for adjusting and propelling the air flow of the engine, and multi-stage stator blades are arranged in the air compressor, the high-pressure turbine structure and the low-pressure turbine structure of the aeroengine. In order to improve the heat resistance of the stator blade and reduce the structural weight, the stator blade of the new generation of aero-engine and the inner and outer ring materials of the casing are respectively manufactured by adopting a composite material and a high-temperature alloy. At present, the stator blade (also called a guide blade) of the compressor of an aeroengine in a certain key type in China and the inner and outer ring materials of the casing are respectively selected to be SiCf/SiC composite material and GH536 high-temperature alloy, so that the connection technical bottleneck of the two materials is broken through, and the method has important significance for improving the thrust-weight ratio of the aeroengine and completing the development task of the engine in a certain type on schedule.
The SiCf/SiC composite material not only maintains the advantages of SiC ceramic, but also improves the toughness of the composite material through a toughening mechanism by SiC fibers in the SiCf/SiC composite material, and can work for a long time under high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere. The SiCf/SiC composite material is applied to an aeroengine, so that the temperature resistance limit of the engine is greatly improved, the overall weight of the engine is reduced, the thrust-weight ratio can be remarkably improved, and the SiCf/SiC composite material is widely applied to important parts such as turbine stator blades of the engine, which need to bear extremely high temperature. GH536 is a solid solution strengthening type high-temperature alloy which takes Ni-Fe-Cr as a base, and elements such as W, mo, co and the like are dissolved in the alloy, and has more excellent high-temperature performance. GH536 can maintain a stable face-centered cubic structure in a temperature range from room temperature to a melting point, has no phase change stress cracking in a thermal cycle process, and is widely applied to production and processing of high-temperature components such as combustion chamber internal components, fans, turbine blades and the like of aero-engines at present. For welding of composite materials and metal materials, brazing is the most mature, widely applied and most reliable welding method at present.
For example, he Peng et al successfully achieved braze joints of SiCf/SiC composites with GH536 superalloys using AuCuTi10 (at.%) (J.Yang, X.Y.Zhang, G.L.Ma, etal.MicrostructuralevolutionandmechanicalpropertyofaSiCf/SiC composition/Ni-base braze joint brazedwith Au-Cu-Tifiler [ J ]. Journalof theEuropeanCeramicSociety,2021,41 (4): 2312-2322), at the joint interface of CMCs with GH536 alloys, elements diffused and eroded into the braze by the GH536 base material had a significant effect on the braze composition, creating four distinct reaction product layers at the joint interface. In addition, the regulation and control effect of active elements such as Ni, ti and the like on interface reaction in the welding process is analyzed through thermodynamic calculation. When the brazing temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10min, the shearing strength of the joint reaches the maximum value, and the shearing strength is about 36MPa. The brazing connection of the SiCf/SiC composite material and the GH536 superalloy at present mainly adopts the traditional metal-based brazing filler metal, and the main problems are that: (1) The wettability of the traditional metal-based brazing filler metal on the welding surface of the SiCf/SiC composite material is poor, so that the defects of unwelded joint and the like are caused at the joint interface; (2) Complex metallurgical reaction is easy to occur between the base metal and the brazing filler metal system in the brazing process, and the mechanical properties of the joint are influenced by aggregation of a large amount of brittle products; (3) The difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the two materials (the thermal expansion coefficient of the SiCf/SiC composite material is 4 multiplied by 10 < -6 >/DEG C, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the GH536 high-temperature alloy is as high as 14.8multiplied by 10 < -6 >/DEG C), and larger thermal stress exists in the interface of the welded joint.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic matrix composites and nickel-based superalloy, which solves the problem that the traditional metal-based brazing filler metal is coated on SiC f The SiC composite material has poor wettability on the welding surface, and can effectively inhibit the generation of brittle metal compounds, thereby improving the shear strength of the welding joint.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a preparation method of a sandwich solder of a brazing ceramic matrix composite material and a nickel-based superalloy, wherein the sandwich solder is formed by compounding three layers of alloys of AgCu solder, high-entropy solder and AgCu solder, the high-entropy solder is positioned between two layers of AgCu solder, and the high-entropy solder has a chemical formula of NiCrVSiMnCu x The NiCrVSiMnCu x The value range of x is 0-0.5, wherein the molar ratio of Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu is 1:1:1:1:1:0 to 0.5.
Preferably, the AgCu brazing filler metal is Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, and the high-entropy brazing filler metal is obtained by smelting Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu sample particles.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the mole ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0 to 0.5, respectively weighing Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu sample particles with high purity, symmetrically taking the sample particles, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the sample particles, and drying the sample particles by a dryer;
s2, mixing and smelting the dried sample particles, cooling along with a furnace, and solidifying to obtain an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal;
s3, carrying out ultrasonic water washing on the prepared high-entropy brazing filler metal and an Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal block, and drying by a dryer after sundries and greasy dirt on the surface of the brazing filler metal block are removed;
s4, after the step S3 is completed, cutting an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal into a foil with the size of 200 mu m by using an inner circular cutting machine, then overlapping according to the sequence of the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, the high-entropy brazing filler metal and the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, and then placing the foil into a vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace for diffusion welding to obtain a sandwich brazing filler metal alloy;
s5, annealing the prepared sandwich solder alloy, and cold-rolling the heat-treated sandwich solder alloy through a cold rolling mill;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, cutting the sandwich solder alloy into foils with the size of 300 mu m by using an inner circle cutting machine, and cleaning and polishing the foils to finally obtain the sandwich solder alloy foils with high surface smoothness.
Preferably, in the step S1, the purity of the sample particles is 99.9%.
Preferably, in the step S2, the melting of the sample particles is vacuum arc melting, and the dried sample particles are placed in a vacuum degree of 5×10 -3 The current is stabilized in a vacuum arc melting furnace with the current below Pa and 450A, and the melting is carried out in an argon protection atmosphere.
Preferably, the smelting process of the sample particles is repeated smelting for 6 times, the smelting time is 1min each time, the sample particles are turned over after smelting is completed, and the sample particles are cooled to room temperature along with a furnace, so that the high-entropy brazing filler metal with uniform component structure is obtained.
Preferably, in the step S4, the furnace temperature in the vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace is 624 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and the vacuum degree is 5×10 -3 Pa or below.
Preferably, in the step S5, the sandwich solder alloy is subjected to an annealing treatment of 600 ℃/10 hours.
Preferably, in the step S6, a sandwich solder alloy foil is placed between the base materials to be welded to form a braze joint, wherein the ceramic matrix composite in the base materials to be welded is SiC f The composite material of SiC and the nickel-based superalloy is GH536 alloy.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing the ceramic matrix composite and the nickel-based superalloy has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention selects sandwich solder compounded by three layers of alloys of AgCu solder, high-entropy solder and AgCu solder as solder, and is used for SiC f Vacuum brazing connection is carried out on the SiC composite material and GH536 alloy, wherein the high-entropy brazing filler metal is NiCrVSiMnCu which mainly consists of a body-centered cubic phase and has excellent high-temperature performance x Is a high-entropy alloy, and does not need to carry out any modification treatment on the surface of the ceramic matrix composite before welding; the high-entropy solder prepared by adopting the arc melting method has uniform components and no obvious defects, the melting point of the solder is about 1230 ℃, and the AgCu solder and the high-entropy solder have better wettability, so that the prepared composite solder has good wettability, and the use requirement of a soldered joint is met.
(2) The high-entropy brazing filler metal used in the invention has the characteristics of simple phase structure, moderate thermal expansion coefficient, high entropy effect, delayed diffusion effect and the like, so that the excessive diffusion and corrosion of active elements to one side of the ceramic matrix composite material and in the liquid high-entropy brazing filler metal are relieved to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the cocktail effect of multiple principal elements inherent in the alloy can effectively improve the wettability of the brazing filler metal on the surface of a base metal. Therefore, when the intermediate layer is made, the metallurgical reaction on the ceramic matrix composite side is moderate, and because the interaction among multiple elements in the brazing filler metal system promotes the intermiscibility among the elements and can limit the diffusion rate of the elements, the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds in the brazing joint is effectively inhibited, the brazing joint structure exists in a large amount in solid solution to improve the joint performance, and the SiC is brazed f The main problems faced by the composite material of/SiC and GH536 alloy can be effectively alleviated.
(3) The invention designs and prepares NiCrVSiMn, niCrVSiMnCu based on metallurgical and stress compatibility 0.25 、NiCrVSiMnCu 0.5 And analyzing high-entropy solder tissues and soldered joints in the prepared sandwich solder. The obtained SiC is subjected to heat preservation for 60min at the brazing temperature of 1250 DEG C f The room temperature shear strength of the braze welding joint of the SiC composite material and the GH536 alloy can reach 64-89 MPa, which is far higher than the joint strength obtained by adopting the traditional Ag-based brazing filler metal.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a sandwich braze of a braze ceramic matrix composite and a nickel-based superalloy of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for preparing a sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic-based composites and nickel-based superalloys according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of a brazing process in an embodiment of a method of preparing a sandwich braze of a braze ceramic matrix composite and a nickel-based superalloy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that, while the present embodiment provides a detailed implementation and a specific operation process on the premise of the present technical solution, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
The invention provides a preparation method of a composite solder with a sandwich structure of a brazing ceramic matrix composite material and a nickel-based superalloy, which is shown in figure 2, wherein the composite solder with the sandwich structure is formed by compositing three layers of alloys of AgCu solder, high-entropy solder and AgCu solder, the high-entropy solder is positioned between the two layers of AgCu solder, and the chemical formula of the high-entropy solder is NiCrVSiMnCu x ，NiCrVSiMnCu x The value range of x is 0-0.5, wherein the molar ratio of Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu is 1:1:1:1:1:0 to 0.5.
Specifically, the AgCu brazing filler metal is Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, and the high-entropy brazing filler metal is obtained by smelting Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu sample particles.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the composite brazing filler metal with the sandwich structure for brazing ceramic matrix composite and nickel-based superalloy comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the mole ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0 to 0.5, respectively weighing Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu sample particles with high purity, symmetrically taking the sample particles, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the sample particles, and drying the sample particles by a dryer;
s2, mixing and smelting the dried sample particles, cooling along with a furnace, and solidifying to obtain an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal;
s3, carrying out ultrasonic water washing on the prepared high-entropy brazing filler metal and an Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal block, and drying by a dryer after sundries and greasy dirt on the surface of the brazing filler metal block are removed;
s4, after the step S3 is completed, cutting an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal into a foil with the size of 200 mu m by using an inner circular cutting machine, then overlapping according to the sequence of the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, the high-entropy brazing filler metal and the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, and then placing the foil into a vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace for diffusion welding to obtain the sandwich structure composite brazing filler metal alloy;
s5, annealing the prepared sandwich structure composite solder alloy, and cold-rolling the heat-treated sandwich structure composite solder alloy through a cold rolling mill;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, cutting the sandwich structure composite solder alloy into foils with the size of 300 mu m by using an inner circle cutting machine, and cleaning and polishing the foils to finally obtain the sandwich structure composite solder alloy foils with high surface smoothness.
Specifically, in step S1, the purity of the sample particles was 99.9%.
Specifically, in step S2, the sample particles are melted by vacuum arc melting, and the dried sample particles are placed in a vacuum degree of 5×10 -3 The current is stabilized in a vacuum arc melting furnace with the current below Pa and 450A, and the melting is carried out in an argon protection atmosphere.
Specifically, the smelting process of the sample particles is repeated smelting for 6 times, the time of each smelting is 1min, the sample particles are turned over after smelting is completed, and the sample particles are cooled to room temperature along with a furnace, so that the high-entropy brazing filler metal with uniform component tissues is obtained.
Specifically, in step S4, the furnace temperature in the vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace is 624 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, the holding time is 4 hours, and the vacuum degree is 5×10 -3 Pa or below.
Specifically, in step S5, the composite solder alloy of the sandwich structure is subjected to an annealing treatment of 600 ℃/10 hours.
Specifically, in step S6, a composite solder alloy foil with a sandwich structure is placed between base materials to be welded to form a braze joint, wherein the ceramic matrix composite material in the base materials to be welded is SiC f The composite material of SiC and the nickel-based superalloy is GH536 alloy.
The invention is further illustrated by the following detailed description.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the composite brazing filler metal with the sandwich structure of the brazing ceramic matrix composite and the nickel-based superalloy provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the mole ratio of 1:1:1:1:1, respectively weighing Ni, cr, V, si, mn sample particles with high purity, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the symmetrically-taken sample particles, and drying by a dryer;
the purity of the sample particles was 99.9% or more;
s2, mixing and smelting the dried sample particles, cooling along with a furnace, and solidifying to obtain an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal;
further, the melting of the sample particles is vacuum arc melting, and the dried sample particles are placed in a vacuum degree of 5×10 -3 The current is stabilized in a vacuum arc melting furnace with the current below Pa being 450A, and the melting is carried out in an argon protective atmosphere, and the sample is turned over after the melting, so that the high-entropy solder with more uniform component structure is obtained;
s3, carrying out ultrasonic water washing on the prepared high-entropy brazing filler metal and an Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal block, and drying by a dryer after sundries and greasy dirt on the surface of the brazing filler metal block are removed;
s4, after the step S3 is completed, cutting an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal into a foil with the size of 200 mu m by using an inner circular cutting machine, then overlapping according to the sequence of the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, the high-entropy brazing filler metal and the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, and then placing the foil into a vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace for diffusion welding to obtain the sandwich structure composite brazing filler metal alloy;
in the steps, the furnace temperature in the vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace is set to 624 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and the vacuum degree is 5 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa or less;
s5, annealing the prepared sandwich structure composite solder alloy, and cold-rolling the heat-treated sandwich structure composite solder alloy through a cold rolling mill;
in the steps, the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure is subjected to 600 ℃/10h annealing treatment, so that the composition structure of the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure after smelting is more uniform, and then the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure is subjected to cold rolling by a cold rolling mill to ensure that the shape of the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure is more regular;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, cutting the sandwich structure composite solder alloy into foils with the size of 300 mu m by using an inner circle cutting machine, cleaning and polishing the foils to finally obtain the sandwich structure composite solder alloy foils with high surface smoothness, wherein the sandwich structure composite solder is used as SiC f And (3) brazing the SiC ceramic matrix composite and GH536 nickel-based superalloy, and carrying out heat preservation for 60min at the brazing temperature of 1250 ℃ to prepare the braze joint. Under the working condition, the room temperature shear strength of the obtained soldered joint can reach 75MPa.
Example two
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the composite brazing filler metal with the sandwich structure of the brazing ceramic matrix composite and the nickel-based superalloy provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the mole ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0.25, respectively weighing high-purity Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu sample particles, symmetrically taking the sample particles, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning, and drying by a dryer;
the purity of the sample particles was 99.9% or more;
s2, mixing and smelting the dried sample particles, cooling along with a furnace, and solidifying to obtain an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal;
further, the melting of the sample particles is vacuum arc melting, and the dried sample particles are placed in a vacuum degree of 5×10 -3 The current is stabilized in a vacuum arc melting furnace with the current below Pa being 450A, and the melting is carried out in an argon protective atmosphere, and the sample is turned over after the melting, so that the high-entropy solder with more uniform component structure is obtained;
s3, carrying out ultrasonic water washing on the prepared high-entropy brazing filler metal and an Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal block, and drying by a dryer after sundries and greasy dirt on the surface of the brazing filler metal block are removed;
s4, after the step S3 is completed, cutting an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal into a foil with the size of 200 mu m by using an inner circular cutting machine, then overlapping according to the sequence of the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, the high-entropy brazing filler metal and the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, and then placing the foil into a vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace for diffusion welding to obtain the sandwich structure composite brazing filler metal alloy;
in the steps, the furnace temperature in the vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace is set to 624 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and the vacuum degree is 5 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa or less;
s5, annealing the prepared sandwich structure composite solder alloy, and cold-rolling the heat-treated sandwich structure composite solder alloy through a cold rolling mill;
in the steps, the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure is subjected to 600 ℃/10h annealing treatment, so that the composition structure of the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure after smelting is more uniform, and then the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure is subjected to cold rolling by a cold rolling mill to ensure that the shape of the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure is more regular;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, cutting the sandwich structure composite solder alloy into foils with the size of 300 mu m by using an inner circle cutting machine, cleaning and polishing the foils to finally obtain the sandwich structure composite solder alloy foils with high surface smoothness, wherein the sandwich structure composite solder is used as SiC f And (3) brazing the SiC ceramic matrix composite and GH536 nickel-based superalloy, and carrying out heat preservation for 60min at the brazing temperature of 1250 ℃ to prepare the braze joint. Under the working condition, the room temperature shear strength of the obtained soldered joint can reach 64MPa.
Example III
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the composite brazing filler metal with the sandwich structure of the brazing ceramic matrix composite and the nickel-based superalloy provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the mole ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0.5, respectively weighing high-purity Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu sample particles, symmetrically taking the sample particles, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning, and drying by a dryer;
the purity of the sample particles was 99.9% or more;
s2, mixing and smelting the dried sample particles, cooling along with a furnace, and solidifying to obtain an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal;
further, the melting of the sample particles is vacuum arc melting, and the dried sample particles are placed in a vacuum degree of 5×10 -3 A current of 450A and Pa or belowIn the empty arc melting furnace, melting is carried out in an argon protective atmosphere, and a sample is turned over after melting, so that the high-entropy brazing filler metal with more uniform component structure is obtained;
s3, carrying out ultrasonic water washing on the prepared high-entropy brazing filler metal and an Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal block, and drying by a dryer after sundries and greasy dirt on the surface of the brazing filler metal block are removed;
s4, after the step S3 is completed, cutting an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal into a foil with the size of 200 mu m by using an inner circular cutting machine, then overlapping according to the sequence of the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, the high-entropy brazing filler metal and the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, and then placing the foil into a vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace for diffusion welding to obtain the sandwich structure composite brazing filler metal alloy;
in the steps, the furnace temperature in the vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace is set to 624 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and the vacuum degree is 5 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa or less;
s5, annealing the prepared sandwich structure composite solder alloy, and cold-rolling the heat-treated sandwich structure composite solder alloy through a cold rolling mill;
in the steps, the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure is subjected to 600 ℃/10h annealing treatment, so that the composition structure of the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure after smelting is more uniform, and then the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure is subjected to cold rolling by a cold rolling mill to ensure that the shape of the composite brazing alloy with the sandwich structure is more regular;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, cutting the sandwich structure composite solder alloy into foils with the size of 300 mu m by using an inner circle cutting machine, cleaning and polishing the foils to finally obtain the sandwich structure composite solder alloy foils with high surface smoothness, wherein the sandwich structure composite solder is used as SiC f And (3) brazing the SiC ceramic matrix composite and GH536 nickel-based superalloy, and carrying out heat preservation for 60min at the brazing temperature of 1250 ℃ to prepare the braze joint. Under the working condition, the room temperature shear strength of the obtained soldered joint can reach 89MPa.
From the verification discussion of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the results shown in fig. 3 are obtained, and further illustrate that the composite solder and the transfer of the sandwich structure formed by compounding three layers of alloys of AgCu solder, high-entropy solder and AgCu solder are further illustratedCompared with the Ag-based brazing filler metal, siC can be used for the brazing filler metal f The room temperature shear strength of the braze joint of the/SiC ceramic matrix composite and the GH536 nickel-based superalloy is improved from 36MPa to 89MPa, and the braze SiC is verified f The composite brazing filler metal with the sandwich structure is superior to the traditional Ag-based brazing filler metal when the SiC ceramic-based composite material and the GH536 nickel-based superalloy are used.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting it, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical scheme of the invention can be modified or replaced by the same, and the modified technical scheme cannot deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic matrix composite and nickel-based superalloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the sandwich brazing filler metal is formed by compounding three layers of alloys of AgCu brazing filler metal, high-entropy brazing filler metal and AgCu brazing filler metal, wherein the high-entropy brazing filler metal is positioned between two layers of AgCu brazing filler metal, and the chemical formula of the high-entropy brazing filler metal is NiCrVSiMnCu x The NiCrVSiMnCu x The value range of x is 0-0.5, wherein the molar ratio of Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu is 1:1:1:1:1:0 to 0.5.
2. The method for preparing the sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic-based composite materials and nickel-based superalloys according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the AgCu brazing filler metal is Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, and the high-entropy brazing filler metal is obtained by smelting Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu sample particles.
3. The method for preparing the sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic-based composite materials and nickel-based superalloys according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the mole ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0 to 0.5, respectively weighing Ni, cr, V, si, mn, cu sample particles with high purity, symmetrically taking the sample particles, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the sample particles, and drying the sample particles by a dryer;
s2, mixing and smelting the dried sample particles, cooling along with a furnace, and solidifying to obtain an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal;
s3, carrying out ultrasonic water washing on the prepared high-entropy brazing filler metal and an Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal block, and drying by a dryer after sundries and greasy dirt on the surface of the brazing filler metal block are removed;
s4, after the step S3 is completed, cutting an alloy cast ingot of the high-entropy brazing filler metal into a foil with the size of 200 mu m by using an inner circular cutting machine, then overlapping according to the sequence of the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, the high-entropy brazing filler metal and the Ag-28Cu commercial brazing filler metal, and then placing the foil into a vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace for diffusion welding to obtain a sandwich brazing filler metal alloy;
s5, annealing the prepared sandwich solder alloy, and cold-rolling the heat-treated sandwich solder alloy through a cold rolling mill;
s6, after the step S5 is completed, cutting the sandwich solder alloy into foils with the size of 300 mu m by using an inner circle cutting machine, and cleaning and polishing the foils to finally obtain the sandwich solder alloy foils with high surface smoothness.
4. The method for preparing the sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic-based composite materials and nickel-based superalloys according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: in the step S1, the purity of the sample particles was 99.9%.
5. The method for preparing the sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic-based composite materials and nickel-based superalloys according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: in the step S2, the melting of the sample particles is vacuum arc melting, and the dried sample particles are placed in a vacuum degree of 5×10 -3 The current is stabilized in a vacuum arc melting furnace with the current below Pa and 450A, and the melting is carried out in an argon protection atmosphere.
6. The method for preparing the sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic-based composites and nickel-based superalloys according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the smelting process of the sample particles is repeated smelting for 6 times, the smelting time is 1min each time, the sample particles are turned over after smelting is completed, and the sample particles are cooled to room temperature along with a furnace, so that the high-entropy brazing filler metal with uniform component tissues is obtained.
7. The method for preparing the sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic-based composite materials and nickel-based superalloys according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: in the step S4, the furnace temperature in the vacuum brazing diffusion welding furnace is 624 ℃, the pressure is 10MPa, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and the vacuum degree is 5 multiplied by 10 -3 Pa or below.
8. The method for preparing the sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic-based composite materials and nickel-based superalloys according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: in the step S5, the sandwich solder alloy is subjected to an annealing treatment of 600 ℃/10 h.
9. The method for preparing the sandwich brazing filler metal for brazing ceramic-based composite materials and nickel-based superalloys according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: in the step S6, a sandwich solder alloy foil is placed between the base materials to be welded to form a braze joint, wherein the ceramic matrix composite material in the base materials to be welded is SiC f The composite material of SiC and the nickel-based superalloy is GH536 alloy.
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