CN116851151A - Spin centrifugal filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a spin centrifugal filter, a rotary centrifugal device comprising: the central shaft is radially provided with a partition plate in the rotor structure body, the partition plate divides the rotor structure body into a circulating driving part and a filtering driving part, and the circulating driving part and the filtering driving part can respectively independently or cooperatively drive the rotor structure body to rotate to generate centrifugal force for centrifugally filtering fluid; the central shaft is internally provided with a flow direction control mandrel capable of controllably moving along the axial direction, and the flow ratio of fluid entering the circulating driving part and the filtering driving part is changed through the position adjustment of the flow direction control mandrel relative to the central shaft. Utilizing the circulating flow of the fluid in the circulating driving part to continuously push the rotor structure; when the filtering flow of the filtering membrane is reduced, the rotor structure body can be kept to rotate at a continuous high speed through the circulating driving part, so that the rotation driving force of the rotor structure body can be maintained, and the reduction of the centrifugal filtering effect is avoided.

Description

Spin centrifugal filter

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of centrifugal filters, in particular to a spin-on centrifugal filter.

Background

The centrifugal machine is a machine which utilizes centrifugal force to accelerate the separation of different materials to be separated. Centrifuges are used in chemical, petroleum, food, pharmaceutical, mineral separation, coal, water treatment, and marine sectors.

The main principle of the filter centrifuge is that the liquid phase in the solid-liquid mixture is accelerated to be thrown out of the rotary drum by the centrifugal force (matched with proper filter materials) generated by the centrifugal rotary drum which runs at high speed, and the solid phase is remained in the rotary drum, so that the effect of separating the solid and the liquid, or the effect commonly called dehydration, is achieved.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a centrifugal filter of the prior art. As shown, the conventional centrifugal filter includes a shaft 10 having a flow path formed therein for inflow of fluid; a rotor structure 20 rotating around the shaft 10 to generate centrifugal force, wherein a filter paper 21 is provided on an inner wall surface of the rotor structure 20 to filter impurities; a main shaft tube 30 that rotates together with the rotor structure 20 around the shaft 10, and that obtains fluid through the shaft 10 and sprays the fluid into the rotor structure 20; the separation membrane 40 separates the inner space of the rotor structure 20 into upper and lower parts, deposits impurities separated from the fluid into the upper space S1 by centrifugal force, and the filtered fluid flows into the lower space S2 and is discharged through the nozzle 50 provided at the lower end of the rotor structure 20. In the conventional centrifugal filter, the fluid flowing from the shaft 10 is sprayed into the rotor structure 20 through the nozzle hole 31 provided in the main shaft pipe 30, and impurities in the fluid are deposited on the wall surface of the rotor structure 20 or on the separation membrane by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor structure 20 to be separated, and the filtered fluid flows into the lower space S2 of the rotor through the sheet body 40 and is sprayed through the nozzle 50, and the fluid sprayed through the nozzle 50 continuously pushes the rotor structure to spin by the reverse thrust of the fluid, thereby forming spin-type centrifugation.

Spin-on filters similar to the above structure also include, for example: patent document 1 (application number: CN 201080039463.9) a centrifugal filter; patent document 2 (application number: CN 201180013483.3) a centrifugal separator having a protected bearing; patent document 3 (application number: CN 201580037411.0) is a centrifugal filter including a solid filter.

The prior art is characterized in that pressure fluid is injected into the rotor cylinder from the central shaft, and the fluid is sprayed out at a high speed by using a nozzle arranged below the rotor cylinder along the tangential direction of the rotor cylinder after the rotor cylinder is filled with the fluid, so that the rotor is continuously pushed to accelerate to rotate by using the reverse thrust of the fluid, and centrifugal filtration is realized on the fluid in the rotor cylinder. The defects are that: 1. in order to realize the effect of filtration and separation, a filtering membrane structure is arranged in the rotor cylinder, so that the filtered fluid generates pressure drop, and the centrifugal driving force of the rotor cylinder is directly reduced after the fluid pressure is reduced; and as the filtering time is prolonged, the filtering membrane is increasingly blocked, so that the pressure decay is obvious after the fluid passes through the filtering membrane, the rotating speed of the rotor cylinder is suddenly reduced, and the centrifugal separation effect is poor.

2. The rotational speed of its rotor section of thick bamboo can't directly carry out effective control, for example when facing former problem, when the filter membrane filtration flow decline, can only improve the pressure of fluid, improves the outlet pressure of fluid delivery pump and maintains the fluid flow through filtration membrane promptly, so adjusts and influences great to pump operating efficiency and life, but also receives the direct influence of filtration membrane, leads to its regulation effect not good.

3. In the prior art, the rotor barrel is slowly lifted at the initial starting stage, the effective centrifugal separation effect cannot be realized at the initial starting stage, the rotor barrel is gradually filled with fluid and sprayed out from the nozzle, the fluid is gradually accelerated to gradually increase the rotating speed, the total weight of the rotor barrel is obviously increased when the rotor barrel is filled with the fluid, the static inertia of the rotor barrel is larger, and the nozzle is caused to push the fully loaded rotor barrel to rotate and lift slowly.

In view of the above, it is necessary to propose a spin-centrifugal filter to solve the above-described problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present application is to provide a spin-on filter.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a spin-on filter comprising a base, a housing covering the base, and a rotating centrifuge device rotatably coupled between the base and the housing, the rotating centrifuge device comprising:

the central shaft is internally provided with a flow path for introducing fluid, and the lower end of the central shaft is rotationally connected with the center of the base;

a rotor structure that rotates around the central axis and generates centrifugal force; the rotor structure body is internally provided with a partition plate along the radial direction, the partition plate divides the rotor structure body into a circulating driving part and a filtering driving part, the circulating driving part and the filtering driving part can respectively and independently or cooperatively drive the rotor structure body to rotate to generate centrifugal force for centrifugally filtering fluid, the lower part of the circulating driving part is provided with a lower nozzle, and the outer wall of the lower part of the filtering driving part is provided with an upper nozzle;

the flow path in the central shaft penetrates through the side wall of the central shaft and is provided with an upper outflow hole and a lower outflow hole; the upper outflow hole is positioned in the filtering driving part, the lower outflow hole is positioned in the circulating driving part, a flow direction control mandrel capable of controllably moving along the axial direction is arranged in the central shaft, and the flow ratio of fluid entering the circulating driving part and the filtering driving part is changed through the position adjustment of the flow direction control mandrel relative to the central shaft.

Further, a containing chamber for installing rotary centrifugal equipment is formed between the shell and the base, a separation ring is arranged in the containing chamber, and rotary sealing connection is formed between the outer wall of the rotor structure body and the inner ring of the separation ring; the outer ring of the separating ring is connected with the inner wall of the accommodating chamber in a sealing way, so that the separating ring separates the accommodating chamber into a circulating chamber and a filtering chamber.

Further, a feeding pipe is arranged in the base, the central shaft is hollow and tubular, the lower end of the central shaft is open, and one end of the feeding pipe is led into the opening of the lower end of the central shaft; the flow direction control mandrel is a cylindrical shaft with an opening at the lower end, the opening at the lower end of the flow direction control mandrel is communicated with the feeding pipe, an upper through hole and a lower through hole are formed in the side wall of the flow direction control mandrel, and the flow direction control mandrel can control the upper through hole to be matched with the upper outflow hole and the lower through hole to be matched with the lower outflow hole.

Further, a mandrel control part for controlling the flow direction control mandrel to move is arranged in the upper end of the central shaft, the flow direction control mandrel is positioned at the lower dead center, the lower through hole corresponds to the lower outflow hole so that fluid flows into the circulating driving part, and the upper outflow hole is closed; the flow direction control mandrel is positioned at the upper dead point, and the upper through hole corresponds to the upper outflow hole so that fluid flows into the filtering driving part; the flow direction control mandrel is positioned at the middle position, so that a dislocation half-open state is formed between the lower through hole and the lower outflow hole, and between the upper through hole and the upper outflow hole.

Further, a filtering discharging pipe is connected to the side wall of the shell, and the end part of the filtering discharging pipe is communicated with the filtering cavity; and a circulating discharging pipe is further arranged in the base, and the end part of the circulating discharging pipe is communicated with the circulating cavity.

Further, the mandrel control part comprises an armature, a solenoid and a spring; the armature is fixedly connected to the upper end of the flow direction control mandrel along the axial direction, the solenoid is arranged inside the central shaft, and the spring is arranged between the end part of the armature and the inner bottom wall of the central shaft.

Further, the mandrel control part comprises a driving motor, a screw rod and a screw sleeve, wherein the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the central shaft, the output end of the driving motor is connected with the screw rod, the screw sleeve is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the flow direction control mandrel, and the screw sleeve is in threaded connection with the screw rod.

Further, the rotor structure body further comprises a sleeve coaxially arranged with the central shaft, filter paper for adsorbing fluid impurities is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, a separation membrane is further arranged in the filter driving part, the upper outflow hole and the upper nozzle are respectively positioned on two sides of the separation membrane, and the filter paper is arranged on one side provided with the upper outflow hole.

Further, the outer rotary sleeve of the upper outflow hole is provided with a rotary nozzle, a plurality of rectangular opening spraying holes are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral side wall of the rotary nozzle at intervals, the spraying holes penetrate through the side wall of the rotary nozzle along the oblique cutting direction, and the sprayed fluid is enabled to apply a rotary moment to the rotary nozzle by utilizing the spraying holes arranged in the oblique direction, so that a rotating speed difference is formed between the rotary nozzle and the rotor structure body.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:

1. the application is provided with the circulation driving part and the filtering driving part which are separated by the separation plate, and can utilize the circulation flow of the fluid in the circulation driving part to continuously push the rotor structure; when the filtering flow of the filtering membrane is reduced, the rotor structure body can be kept to rotate at a continuous high speed through the circulating driving part, so that the rotation driving force of the rotor structure body can be maintained, and the reduction of the centrifugal filtering effect is avoided.

2. A novel method for controlling the rotation speed of the rotor structure body is provided, and the defect that the rotation speed of the rotor structure body can be maintained only by controlling the pressure of a fluid delivery pump outlet in the prior art is avoided.

3. According to the application, the centrifugal separation rotating speed can be quickly reached at the initial stage of the operation of the device, when the device is started, the fluid is filled in the circulating driving part, the internal space of the circulating driving part is small, the fluid is convenient to be quickly filled, and the weight of the fluid filled in the cavity of the circulating driving part on the whole rotor structure body is small, so that the rotating speed is also convenient to be quickly improved; after the rotating speed is increased, the distribution of the fluid is changed through the flow direction control mandrel, so that the aim of quick initial speed increase during starting is fulfilled.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional centrifugal filter;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the flow control spindle of the spin-on filter of the present application at the bottom dead center;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a flow control mandrel in a neutral position;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the flow direction control spindle at the bottom dead center;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of section A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of section B-B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the mandrel control section;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of section A-A of FIG. 7;

in the figure: 1. a base; 2. a housing; 3. a central shaft; 4. a rotor structure; 5. a partition plate; 6. a circulation driving part; 7. a filter driving part; 8. a lower nozzle; 9. an upper nozzle; 35. an upper outflow hole; 11. a lower outflow hole; 12. a flow direction control mandrel; 13. a spacer ring; 14. a circulation chamber; 15. filtering out the chamber; 16. a feed pipe; 17. an upper through hole; 18. a lower through hole; 19. filtering the discharge pipe; 36. a circulating discharging pipe; 37. an armature; 22. a solenoid; 23. a spring; 24. a driving motor; 25. a screw; 26. a screw sleeve; 27. a sleeve; 28. a separation membrane; 29. a rotary nozzle; 38. and (5) a spraying hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments.

Embodiment one:

the spin centrifugal filter is the same as the prior art, as shown in figure 1, and comprises a base 1, a shell 2 covered on the base 1 and a rotary centrifugal device rotatably connected between the base 1 and the shell 2, wherein a feed pipe 16 is arranged in the base 1, a central shaft 3 is hollow tubular with an opening at the lower end, and one end of the feed pipe 16 is introduced into the opening at the lower end of the central shaft 3; the flow direction control mandrel 12 is a cylindrical shaft with an opening at the lower end, the opening at the lower end is communicated with the feeding pipe 16, and when the centrifugal rotor is in actual use, the output end of the fluid delivery pump is connected to the feeding pipe 16 to deliver high-pressure fluid into a flow path in the central shaft 3, so that the fluid enters the rotor structure 4, and the rotor structure 4 is driven to spin by utilizing the fluid ejected from a nozzle, so that the centrifugal operation is realized.

The difference is that: the central shaft 3 is internally provided with a flow path for introducing fluid, and the lower end of the central shaft 3 is rotationally connected with the center of the base 1; the central shaft 3 is internally provided with a flow direction control mandrel 12 which can controllably move along the axial direction.

A rotor structure 4, wherein the rotor structure 4 rotates around the central shaft 3 and generates centrifugal force; the rotor structure 4 is provided with a partition plate 5 in the radial direction, the partition plate 5 divides the interior of the rotor structure 4 into a circulation driving part 6 and a filtration driving part 7, as shown in fig. 2-4, the partition plate 5 is separated to form two mutually independent chambers, namely the circulation driving part 6 and the filtration driving part 7, and the space in the circulation driving part 6 is far smaller than the chamber space in the filtration driving part 7, when in actual use, fluid is firstly filled into the circulation driving part 6, and the characteristics of small chamber space and high fluid filling speed are utilized, so that the rotor structure 4 can be rapidly lifted in the whole, and further the rotation speed of centrifugal filtration separation can be rapidly reached at the initial stage of equipment starting.

It can be understood that the circulation driving part 6 is only used for maintaining the rotation speed of the rotor structure body 4, the filtering driving part 7 is used for centrifugally filtering the fluid, and the same is true that the filtering driving part 7 also has the capability of driving the rotor structure body 4 to centrifugally spin, the circulation driving part 6 and the filtering driving part 7 can respectively and independently or cooperatively drive the rotor structure body 4 to rotate to generate centrifugal force for centrifugally filtering the fluid, specifically, the lower part of the circulation driving part 6 is provided with a lower nozzle 8, and the outer wall of the lower part of the filtering driving part 7 is provided with an upper nozzle 9; the flow direction control mandrel 12 in the central shaft 3 is used for guiding the fluid to enter the circulation driving part 6 and/or the filtration driving part 7 respectively, and as shown in fig. 5, when the fluid is guided into the circulation driving part 6 by the flow direction control mandrel 12, the fluid is sprayed out through the lower nozzle 8 and drives the rotor structure 4 to rotate; as shown in fig. 6, when fluid is introduced into the filter driving portion 7 and discharged through the upper nozzle 9, the rotor structure 4 can be driven to rotate as well, and it is understood that the upper nozzle 9 and the lower nozzle 8 should have the same discharge direction, so that the rotor structure 4 can be driven to rotate continuously in the same direction.

Specifically, the flow path in the central shaft 3 penetrates through the side wall of the central shaft 3 and is provided with an upper outflow hole 35 and a lower outflow hole 11; the upper outflow hole 35 is positioned in the filter driving part 7, and the lower outflow hole 11 is positioned in the circulation driving part 6; the flow rate ratio of the fluid entering the circulation driving part 6 and the filtration driving part 7 is changed by adjusting the position of the flow direction control mandrel 12 relative to the central shaft 3.

The rotor structure 4 further comprises a sleeve 27 coaxially disposed with the central shaft 3, a filter paper (not shown in the drawings) for adsorbing fluid impurities is disposed on the inner wall of the sleeve 27, as shown in fig. 3 and 7, a separation membrane 28 is further disposed in the filter driving portion 7, the separation membrane 28 is used for centrifugal filtering of the fluid, the upper outflow holes 35 and the upper nozzles 9 are disposed on two sides of the separation membrane 28, and the filter paper is disposed on one side provided with the upper outflow holes 35.

Embodiment two:

the side wall of the flow direction control mandrel 12 is provided with an upper through hole 17 and a lower through hole 18, and the flow direction control mandrel 12 can control the upper through hole 17 to be matched with the upper outflow hole 35 and the lower through hole 18 to be matched with the lower outflow hole 11. It will be appreciated that when the lower through hole 18 corresponds to the position of the lower outflow hole 11, fluid flows from the feed pipe 16 through the lower through hole 18 and the lower outflow hole 11 into the circulation driving section 6; similarly, when the upper through hole 17 is matched with the upper outflow hole 35 in position, the fluid enters the flow control spindle 12 from the feed pipe 16, and flows into the filter driving portion 7 from the upper through hole 17 and the upper outflow hole 35.

Specifically, a mandrel control part for controlling the position of the flow direction control mandrel 12 to move is arranged in the upper end of the central shaft 3, and when in actual use, the flow direction control mandrel 12 and the central shaft 3 do not rotate relatively, and the mandrel control part can pull or push the flow control mandrel to move along the axis direction of the central shaft 3; during processing, a key and a groove which limit the relative rotation of the two can be arranged to be matched, so that the flow control mandrel can freely slide along the axial direction.

As shown in fig. 2, the spindle control unit controls the flow rate control spindle to be positioned at the lowest position, that is, the flow direction control spindle 12 is positioned at the bottom dead center, and at this time, the lower through hole 18 corresponds to the lower outflow hole to allow the fluid to flow into the circulation driving unit 6, and it is understood that the space between the upper through hole 17 and the lower through hole 18 is smaller than the space between the lower outflow hole 11 and the upper outflow hole 35 by one hole length, so that when positioned at the bottom dead center, the upper through hole 17 and the upper outflow hole 35 are offset from each other to close the upper outflow hole 35.

Similarly, as shown in fig. 4, the spindle control part controls the flow control spindle to be at the uppermost position, i.e., the flow control spindle 12 is at the top dead center, the upper through hole 17 corresponds to the upper outflow hole 35 to allow fluid to flow into the filter driving part 7, while the lower outflow hole 11 is closed;

as shown in fig. 3, the flow direction control spindle 12 is controlled by the spindle control unit to be positioned at the center position, so that the lower through hole 18 and the lower outflow hole 11, and the upper through hole 17 and the upper outflow hole 35 are all in a half-open state; i.e. the upper outflow hole 35 and the lower outflow hole 11 are both open, and the openings of the two are complementary, it being understood that the degree of complementarity of the openings of the two depends on the height at the center of the flow control spindle.

It can be understood that, according to the above description, during actual control, at the initial stage of starting the rotor structure 4, the flow control mandrel should be controlled to be a lower stop point, so that fluid enters the circulation driving portion 6 with small space and easy filling, so that the rotor structure 4 can be quickly driven by the lower nozzle 8 to quickly reach a high-speed running state; continuously, the flow control mandrel is controlled to be at the middle position under the control of the mandrel control part, so that fluid can enter the filter driving part 7, gradually fill the inner cavity of the filter driving part 7, and cooperatively drive the rotor structure 4 to rotate rapidly through the upper nozzle 9; continuously, the circulation quantity of the fluid can be reduced, and the fluid can be converted into all the fluid which enters the filter driving part 7 to realize centrifugal filtration operation of all the fluid; further, when the diaphragm 28 is operated for a long period of time, the filtration flow rate is decreased, and the rotation speed of the rotor structure 4 is reduced, the recovery to the neutral position can be controlled, and the circulation driving portion 6 can assist the rotor structure 4 in maintaining the high-speed rotation.

Furthermore, in order to match with the fluid flowing out of the circulation driving part 6 and the filtration driving part 7 to drain respectively, the fluid of the circulation driving part 6 flows back to the front end of the fluid delivery pump to realize the fluid circulation; and the fluid centrifugally filtered by the filter driving part 7 is split.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a containing chamber for installing the rotary centrifugal device is formed between the housing 2 and the base 1, a separating ring 13 is arranged in the containing chamber, the setting direction of the plane of the separating ring 13 is designed along the radial plane of the rotor structure body 4, and rotary sealing connection is formed between the outer wall of the rotor structure body 4 and the inner ring of the separating ring 13; the outer ring of the separating ring 13 is connected with the inner wall of the accommodating chamber in a sealing way, so that the separating ring 13 separates the accommodating chamber into a circulating chamber 14 and a filtering chamber 15.

The side wall of the shell 2 is connected with a filtering discharging pipe 19, and the end part of the filtering discharging pipe 19 is communicated with the filtering cavity 15; the base 1 is also internally provided with a circulating discharge pipe 36, and the end part of the circulating discharge pipe 36 is communicated with the circulating cavity 14. The fluid flowing out of the filtering discharging pipe 19 is the product fluid centrifugally filtered by the separating membrane 28; and a circulation discharge pipe 36 is connected back to the front end of the fluid transfer pump for circulation.

Embodiment III:

as shown in fig. 7, the mandrel control part comprises a driving motor 24, a screw rod 25 and a screw sleeve 26, wherein the driving motor 24 is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the central shaft 3, the output end of the driving motor 24 is connected with the screw rod 25, the screw sleeve 26 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the flow direction control mandrel 12, and the screw sleeve 26 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 25; when the position of the flow direction control mandrel 12 needs to be changed, the driving motor 24 is operated, the relative position of the control screw sleeve 26 is changed through the rotation of the screw rod 25, so that the control adjustment of the upper dead center, the lower dead center and the middle position is realized, and it can be understood that the flow control mandrel can stay at any position between the lower dead center and the upper dead center for the control of the middle position in the embodiment, so that the difference of the opening degrees of the upper outflow hole 35 and the lower outflow hole 11 is controlled and changed; it will be appreciated that the power connection of the drive motor 24 may be by way of an electrically conductive slip ring.

Embodiment four:

as shown in fig. 2-4, this embodiment illustrates another structure of a spindle control part, specifically, the spindle control part includes an armature 37, a solenoid 22, and a spring 23; the armature 37 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the flow direction control mandrel 12 along the axial direction, the solenoid 22 is arranged inside the central shaft 3, and the spring 23 is arranged between the end part of the armature 37 and the inner bottom wall of the central shaft 3; it will be appreciated that by using the electromagnet principle, the solenoid 22 is energized to generate magnetic force, and the armature 37 is pulled to perform position movement, so as to change the positions of the plurality of control points in the second embodiment, it will be appreciated that the power connection in this embodiment may also be performed by adopting a conductive slip ring.

Fifth embodiment:

the outer part of the upper outflow hole 35 is rotatably sleeved with a rotary nozzle 29, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a plurality of rectangular opening spraying holes 38 are uniformly arranged on the peripheral side wall of the rotary nozzle 29 at intervals, the spraying holes 38 penetrate through the side wall of the rotary nozzle 29 along the oblique cutting direction, and the sprayed fluid applies a rotary moment to the rotary nozzle 29 by using the spraying holes 38 arranged in the oblique direction, so that a rotation speed difference is formed between the rotary nozzle 29 and the rotor structure 4; the embodiment can change the jet direction of the fluid entering the filter driving part, thereby avoiding the fixed jet of the fluid on the fixed position of the filter paper and avoiding the abrasion of the filter paper.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present application, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present application and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. The spin centrifugal filter comprises a base (1), a shell (2) covered on the base (1) and a rotary centrifugal device rotationally connected between the base (1) and the shell (2), and is characterized in that the rotary centrifugal device comprises:

a central shaft (3) with a flow path formed therein for introducing fluid, wherein the lower end of the (1) shaft (3) is rotatably connected with the center of the base (1);

a rotor structure (4), wherein the rotor structure (4) rotates around the central shaft (3) and generates centrifugal force; the rotor structure body (4) is internally provided with a partition plate (5) along the radial direction, the partition plate (5) divides the interior of the rotor structure body (4) into a circulating driving part (6) and a filtering driving part (7), the circulating driving part (6) and the filtering driving part (7) can respectively independently or cooperatively drive the rotor structure body (4) to rotate to generate centrifugal force to centrifugally filter fluid, the lower part of the circulating driving part (6) is provided with a lower nozzle (8), and the outer wall of the lower part of the filtering driving part (7) is provided with an upper nozzle (9);

the flow path in the central shaft (3) penetrates through the side wall of the central shaft (3) and is provided with an upper outflow hole (35) and a lower outflow hole (11); the upper outflow hole (35) is positioned in the filtering driving part (7), the lower outflow hole (11) is positioned in the circulating driving part (6), the central shaft (3) is internally provided with a flow direction control mandrel (12) which can controllably move along the axial direction, and the flow ratio of fluid entering the circulating driving part (6) and the filtering driving part (7) is changed by adjusting the position of the flow direction control mandrel (12) relative to the central shaft (3).

2. A spin-on filter according to claim 1, wherein a receiving chamber for mounting a rotating centrifugal device is formed between the housing (2) and the base (1), a spacer ring (13) is provided in the receiving chamber, and a rotating sealing connection is formed between the outer wall of the rotor structure (4) and the inner ring of the spacer ring (13); the outer ring of the separating ring (13) is connected with the inner wall of the accommodating chamber in a sealing way, so that the separating ring (13) separates the accommodating chamber to form a circulating chamber (14) and a filtering chamber (15).

3. A spin-on filter according to claim 2, wherein a feed pipe (16) is arranged in the base (1), the central shaft (3) is hollow and tubular with an open lower end, and one end of the feed pipe (16) is introduced into the open lower end of the central shaft (3); the flow direction control mandrel (12) is a cylindrical shaft with an opening at the lower end, the opening at the lower end is communicated with the feeding pipe (16), an upper through hole (17) and a lower through hole (18) are formed in the side wall of the flow direction control mandrel (12), and the flow direction control mandrel (12) can control the upper through hole (17) to be matched with the upper outflow hole (35) and the lower through hole (18) to be matched with the lower outflow hole (11).

4. A spin-on filter according to claim 3, wherein a spindle control part for controlling the position of the flow direction control spindle (12) to move is provided inside the upper end of the central spindle (3), the flow direction control spindle (12) is located at the bottom dead center, the lower through hole (18) corresponds to the lower outflow hole to allow the fluid to flow into the circulation driving part (6), and the upper outflow hole (35) is closed; the flow direction control mandrel (12) is positioned at the upper dead point, and the upper through hole (17) corresponds to the upper outflow hole (35) so that fluid flows into the filtering driving part (7); the flow direction control mandrel (12) is positioned at the middle position, so that the lower through hole (18) and the lower outflow hole (11), and the upper through hole (17) and the upper outflow hole (35) are in a staggered half-open state.

5. A spin-on filter according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein the side wall of the housing (2) is provided with a filter discharge pipe (19) in connection therewith, the end of the filter discharge pipe (19) being in communication with the filter chamber (15); the base (1) is also internally provided with a circulating discharging pipe (36), and the end part of the circulating discharging pipe (36) is communicated with the circulating cavity (14).

6. A spin-on filter according to claim 4, wherein the spindle control comprises an armature (37), a solenoid (22), a spring (23); the armature (37) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the flow direction control mandrel (12) along the axial direction, the solenoid (22) is arranged inside the central shaft (3), and the spring (23) is arranged between the end of the armature (37) and the inner bottom wall of the central shaft (3).

7. The spin-on filter according to claim 4, wherein the spindle control unit comprises a driving motor (24), a screw (25) and a screw sleeve (26), the driving motor (24) is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the central spindle (3), the screw (25) is connected and arranged at the output end of the driving motor (24), the screw sleeve (26) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the flow direction control spindle (12), and the screw sleeve (26) is in threaded connection with the screw (25).

8. A spin-on filter according to claim 1, wherein the rotor structure (4) further comprises a sleeve (27) coaxially arranged with the central shaft (3), filter paper for adsorbing fluid impurities is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (27), a separation membrane (28) is further provided in the filter driving part (7), the upper outflow hole (35) and the upper nozzle (9) are located on both sides of the separation membrane (28), and the filter paper is provided on the side provided with the upper outflow hole (35).

9. The spin-on filter according to claim 8, wherein the upper outflow hole (35) is externally rotatably fitted with a rotary nozzle (29), a plurality of rectangular opening spouting holes (38) are uniformly provided on the outer peripheral side wall of the rotary nozzle (29), the spouting holes (38) penetrate the side wall of the rotary nozzle (29) in the oblique direction, and the spouting holes (38) are provided in the oblique direction so that the spouted fluid applies a rotational torque to the rotary nozzle (29) to form a rotational speed difference between the rotary nozzle (29) and the rotor structure (4).