CN116849784A - 一种记忆合金骨膜牵张板 - Google Patents
一种记忆合金骨膜牵张板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种记忆合金骨膜牵张板,包括板体和螺钉,板体上设有工作面、近安装端和远安装端,工作面与弯曲的长骨表面贴合、并沿长骨长度方向延伸,近安装端位于板体靠近长骨近端一端,远安装端位于板体靠近长骨远端一端,近安装端和远安装端均通过螺钉以多个固定点的方式与长骨紧固连接,板体能通过形变在从弯曲状态逐渐转换到直形状态以促进长骨骨膜下成骨和增加长骨弯曲部分的骨骼直径,其中,弯曲状态为板体安装时的状态,直形状态为板体安装后逐渐恢复成稳定的状态。本发明不仅发挥支撑长骨的作用,还能骨膜牵张、骨膜下成骨,从而达到增加长骨干骨骼直径、防止骨折发生的目的,具有创伤小、安全可靠的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域,具体涉及一种记忆合金骨膜牵张板。
背景技术
长骨弯曲是指股骨、胫骨、尺骨、桡骨等人体长骨的异常曲率或弯曲,一般由于骨骼发育异常或外部因素导致的。在正常情况下,长骨应该是直的,从而能支撑身体的重量并提供正常的运动功能。然而,弯曲的长骨会对人体造成一系列问题,如外观异常、步态异常、运动受限和骨折等。
目前治疗长骨弯曲的方案,主要取决于患者病因和弯曲程度的具体情况。对于轻度的、非进展性的弯曲长骨,需要进行观察和定期监测。通常非手术治疗方法是采用矫正支具,是通过佩戴支具来逐渐纠正或控制长骨的弯曲。但是,矫正支具需要患者遵循一定的佩戴和调整指导,并且对于较弯曲严重的情况,矫正效果不佳。对于严重、进行性或其他治疗无效的弯曲长骨,一般采用手术进行矫正。手术矫正通常需要切除手术或骨移植手术,并使用内固定或外固定器械来固定骨骼。手术矫正能有效地纠正弯曲的长骨,并使其恢复骨骼功能。但是,常规的截骨和固定的手术方式,其手术风险和并发症较高,且术后康复过程一般需要较长时间。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术存在的不足,提供一种记忆合金骨膜牵张板,手术操作简便,安全可靠,能有效支撑弯曲的长骨,促进骨膜下成骨,增加骨骼强度,防止骨折发生。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种记忆合金骨膜牵张板,包括板体和螺钉,所述板体上设有工作面、近安装端和远安装端,所述工作面与弯曲的长骨表面贴合、并沿长骨长度方向延伸,所述近安装端位于板体靠近长骨近端一端,所述远安装端位于板体靠近长骨远端一端,所述近安装端和远安装端均通过螺钉以多个固定点的方式与长骨紧固连接,所述板体能通过形变在从弯曲状态逐渐转换到直形状态以促进长骨骨膜下成骨和增加长骨弯曲部分的骨骼直径,其中,所述弯曲状态为板体安装时的状态,所述直形状态为板体安装后逐渐恢复成稳定的状态。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进:
所述板体设于长骨的凹侧。
所述板体为镍钛合金材料、并通过低温处理呈弧形状。
所述低温温度为0-4℃。
所述板体的可逆相变温度为35℃。
所述工作面为弧面。
所述板体沿长骨周向的宽度为0.8-2cm。
所述近安装端和远安装端上均设有多个预制孔,所述螺钉通过预制孔与长骨连接。
多个预制孔沿长骨长度方向设置。
所述近安装端和远安装端上均设有两个预制孔。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
本发明的板体为记忆合金,低温处理后置入长骨的1-2cm宽的骨膜切口中并贴合骨皮质,再使用螺钉将板体的近安装端和远安装端固定于长骨上,板体既能起到支撑作用,减小弯曲长骨的受力,避免使长骨承重后更加弯曲,又能有效地刺激骨膜下成骨,增加弯曲长骨的骨骼直径、改善长骨弯曲度、增加骨骼强度,从而解决了长骨弯曲畸形等疾病中矫形困难,手术创伤大的难题,具有创伤小、不需要截骨治疗、操作简便、安全可靠和易监测的优点,能有效地纠正弯曲的长骨,使其恢复骨骼功能,适用于如先天性胫骨假关节、成骨不全症、骨骺发育不全症等病例。
附图说明
图1为本记忆合金骨膜牵张板处于弯曲状态时的结构示意图。
图2为本记忆合金骨膜牵张板处于伸直状态时的结构示意图。
图3为本记忆合金骨膜牵张板的结构示意图。
图4为螺钉的结构示意图。
图例说明:
100、长骨;1、板体;11、工作面;12、近安装端;13、远安装端;14、预制孔;2、螺钉。
实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图1-图4所示,本实施例的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,包括板体1和螺钉2,板体1上设有工作面11、近安装端12和远安装端13,工作面11与弯曲的长骨100表面贴合、并沿长骨100长度方向延伸,近安装端12位于板体1靠近长骨100近端一端,远安装端13位于板体1靠近长骨100远端一端,近安装端12和远安装端13均通过螺钉2以多个固定点的方式与长骨100紧固连接,板体1能通过形变在从弯曲状态逐渐转换到直形状态以促进长骨100骨膜下成骨和增加长骨100弯曲部分的骨骼直径,其中,弯曲状态为板体1安装时的状态,直形状态为板体1安装后逐渐恢复成稳定的状态。板体1为记忆合金,低温处理后置入长骨100的1-2cm宽的骨膜切口中并贴合骨皮质,再使用螺钉2将板体1的近安装端12和远安装端13固定于长骨100上,板体1既能起到支撑作用,减小弯曲长骨100的受力,避免使长骨100承重后更加弯曲,又能有效地刺激骨膜下成骨,增加弯曲长骨100的骨骼直径、改善长骨100弯曲度、增加骨骼强度,从而解决了长骨100弯曲畸形等疾病中矫形困难,手术创伤大的难题,具有创伤小、不需要截骨治疗、操作简便、安全可靠和易监测的优点,能支撑长骨100的作用,还能骨膜牵张、长骨100骨膜下成骨,使其恢复骨骼功能,适用于如先天性胫骨假关节、成骨不全症、骨骺发育不全症等病例。
本实施例中,板体1设于长骨100的凹侧。板体1在从弯曲状态恢复到直形状态时,能产生对长骨100的支撑力,该支撑力能有效地进行承重,并能保护好长骨100。
本实施例中,板体1为镍钛合金材料、并通过低温处理呈弧形状。镍钛合金材料是一种形状记忆合金,形状记忆合金是能将自身的塑性变形在某一特定温度下自动恢复为原始形状的特种合金,具有良好的可塑性。
本实施例中,低温温度为0-4℃。处于该温度范围,既能将板体1加工成能贴合弯曲长骨100的凹侧。
本实施例中,板体1的可逆相变温度为35℃。当超过35℃的温度时,板体1会复温至人体的体温后,恢复至稳定的直形状态。
本实施例中,工作面11为弧面。为弧面的工作面11,能较大范围的贴合长骨100的表面。
本实施例中,板体1沿长骨100周向的宽度为0.8-2cm。
本实施例中,近安装端12和远安装端13上均设有多个预制孔14,螺钉2通过预制孔14与长骨100连接。可制作各种长度的板体1,在使用时,根据术前对长骨100测量的长度数据选择长度匹配的板体1,保证牵张板发挥最大的矫形效果。
本实施例中,多个预制孔14沿长骨100长度方向设置。
本实施例中,近安装端12和远安装端13上均设有两个预制孔14。靠近两端的预制孔14距离板体1端部为1-2cm,相邻两个预制孔14之间间距1-2cm。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例。对于本技术领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术构思前提下所得到的改进和变换也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,包括板体(1)和螺钉(2),所述板体(1)上设有工作面(11)、近安装端(12)和远安装端(13),所述工作面(11)与弯曲的长骨(100)表面贴合、并沿长骨(100)长度方向延伸,所述近安装端(12)位于板体(1)靠近长骨(100)近端一端,所述远安装端(13)位于板体(1)靠近长骨(100)远端一端,所述近安装端(12)和远安装端(13)均通过螺钉(2)以多个固定点的方式与长骨(100)紧固连接,所述板体(1)能通过形变在从弯曲状态逐渐转换到直形状态以促进长骨(100)骨膜下成骨和增加长骨(100)弯曲部分的骨骼直径,其中,所述弯曲状态为板体(1)安装时的状态,所述直形状态为板体(1)安装后逐渐恢复成稳定的状态。
2.根据权利要求1所述的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,所述板体(1)设于长骨(100)的凹侧。
3.根据权利要求1所述的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,所述板体(1)为镍钛合金材料、并通过低温处理呈弧形状。
4.根据权利要求3所述的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,所述低温温度为0-4℃。
5.根据权利要求4所述的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,所述板体(1)的可逆相变温度为35℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,所述工作面(11)为弧面。
7.根据权利要求1所述的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,所述板体(1)沿长骨(100)周向的宽度为0.8-2cm。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,所述近安装端(12)和远安装端(13)上均设有多个预制孔(14),所述螺钉(2)通过预制孔(14)与长骨(100)连接。
9.根据权利要求8所述的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,多个预制孔(14)沿长骨(100)长度方向设置。
10.根据权利要求8所述的记忆合金骨膜牵张板,其特征在于,所述近安装端(12)和远安装端(13)上均设有两个预制孔(14)。
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