CN116843606A - Oil pumping well working condition diagnosis method based on edge calculation - Google Patents
Oil pumping well working condition diagnosis method based on edge calculation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil pumping well working condition diagnosis method based on edge calculation, which comprises the following operation steps: s1: establishing a normal production history ground indicator diagram; s2: collecting key vector characteristics of a ground indicator diagram; s3: screening the error diagram; s4: slope verification; s5: a method for verifying the area change of the work diagram; s6: a ground fault diagnosis method. The oil pumping well working condition diagnosis method based on the edge calculation is realized completely based on the ground work patterns, the algorithm consumes less calculation power, can be embedded into an oil pumping well wellhead RTU, realizes on-site diagnosis and analysis, avoids the phenomenon that a lying well cannot be found in time caused by data transmission, adopts a multi-algorithm fusion idea, focuses on the comparison and analysis of historical work patterns in normal production of the oil pumping well, and greatly improves the working condition diagnosis accuracy rate by the traditional vector feature analysis method based on the real-time Shan Zhangbeng work patterns.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil well testing, in particular to an oil pumping well working condition diagnosis method based on edge calculation.
Background
At present, the oil well working condition diagnosis mainly adopts the following three methods: one is a manual verification method. According to the method, whether the polish rod is scalded or the well shaft is blocked is touched by a well-by-well mode in a manual inspection mode, if the polish rod is scalded and the well shaft is blocked, the well shaft is required to be repaired, and if the polish rod is scalded and the well shaft is blocked, the well shaft is required to be broken; and secondly, a work diagram diagnosis method. The method mainly uses a cloud computing mode to transmit the indicator diagram back to a cloud computing center in real time at present, and the oil extraction vector feature method is used for diagnosing the indicator diagram after the underground pump indicator diagram is converted through the ground indicator diagram so as to obtain the operation condition of the pumping well. Both the above two methods have certain defects, and the manual verification method has the defects of high work intensity and low efficiency, and can not find a lying well in time. The cloud computing power diagram diagnosis method is limited by data transmission quality, a lying well cannot be found in time under the conditions of network interruption and the like, and on the other hand, the ground power diagram conversion underground pump power diagram has high cost and calculation force and high misdiagnosis rate. Therefore, an efficient, stable, accurate and reliable diagnosis method for the working condition of the pumping well is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an oil pumping well working condition diagnosis method based on edge calculation, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the oil pumping well working condition diagnosis method based on edge calculation comprises the following operation steps:
s1: establishing a normal production history ground indicator diagram;
s2: collecting key vector characteristics of a ground indicator diagram;
s3: screening the error diagram;
s4: slope verification;
s5: a method for verifying the area change of the work diagram;
s6: a ground fault diagnosis method.
Preferably, in the step S1, the wellhead RTU of the pumping unit needs to have a higher configuration, including a larger RAM and ROM, and can store a historical indicator diagram of about 2 months, and the historical ground indicator diagram during normal production is selected as a main basis for diagnosis, and compared with the historical ground indicator diagram, the current downhole working condition of the oil well is determined.
Preferably, in the step S2, the vector feature includes eight feature points, two feature lines, and five feature areas, and the eight feature points include: leftmost point P of pump indicator diagram L Rightmost point P R Uppermost point P U Lowest point P D Fixed valve opening point P SO Fixed valve closing point P SC Point of opening P of traveling valve TO Point of closure P of travelling valve TC The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The two feature lines include: an upper load line f_max and a lower load line f_min; the five feature areas include: pump indicator diagram upper left corner area A LU Area A of lower left corner LD Area A of upper right corner RU Area A of lower right corner RD Internal area A M The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The key vector features constructed include:
A M -the area enclosed by the ground indicator diagram;
Δf—the difference between the upper and lower load lines of the ground indicator diagram;
A M0 -S Δf, the area of the parallelogram of the theoretical ground indicator diagram;
A RU0 ----S SC *ΔF；
A RD0 ----S TO *ΔF；
A LD0 ----S TC *ΔF；
K MAX -the maximum value of the slope of the curve from the right end point of the ground indicator diagram to the opening point of the traveling valve;
from this the following 9 sets of features can be derived:
R[1]＝A M /A M0 ；
R[2]＝A RU /A RU0 ；
R[3]＝A RD /A RD0 ；
R[4]＝K MAX ；
R[5]＝S SC /S；
R[6]＝S TO /S；
R[7]＝(S TC +S TO )/S；
R[8]＝(S SC +S SO )/S；
R[9]＝A LD /A LD0 ；
clustering learning is carried out on gas influence, insufficient liquid supply, barrel disengagement, traveling valve leakage and fixed valve leakage diagram to obtain 10 groups of vector characteristic values:
X[1]＝(R[1]>0.15)；
X[2]＝(R[2]>0.5)；
X[3]＝(R[3]>0.3)；
X[4]＝(R[4]>0.65)；
X[5]＝(R[5]>0.21)；
X[6]＝(R[6]>0.25)；
X[7]＝(R[7]>0.6)；
X[8]＝(R[8]>0.6)；
X[9]＝(0.5≥R[2]>0.3)；
X[10]＝(R[9]>0.3)。
preferably, the main criteria of the error diagram in the step S3 are as follows:
a1: collecting the flushing times beyond the range, wherein the flushing times n are between 0.5min-1 and 20 min-1;
a2: the number of the collected work diagrams is insufficient, and the number of the collected work diagrams is less than 100 points;
a3: the displacement and load data quantity of the collected work diagrams are different, and the displacement data quantity and the load data quantity are unequal;
a4: the area of the collection work diagram is zero or a negative value, and the area of the collection work diagram is < =0;
a5: collecting maximum and minimum load criteria of a work diagram, wherein the maximum load is less than 0KN, the minimum load is less than 0KN, (maximum load-minimum load) <1KN, and the maximum load is more than 150KN;
a6: the acquisition stroke is over-range, and the stroke of the pumping unit is between 0.5m and 15 m;
a7: collecting load fluctuation exceeding range corresponding to two adjacent points of the work diagram, wherein the load fluctuation exceeding range is within 30 KN;
a8: the continuous 10 point position data of the collected work diagram is zero
A9: the displacement is reversed by more than 10 points, the upward stroke displacement should be gradually increased, and the downward stroke displacement should be gradually reduced;
a10: the collected diagrams are crossed, and are not upper collision and lower collision.
Preferably, in the step S4, the card pump working condition is diagnosed by a slope verification method:
when the pumping unit is clamped and pumped, the indicator diagram shows an inclination phenomenon, so that the working condition of the clamped and pumped is illustrated by solving the slope K1 of the line segment between the 70 th point (F60, S60) and the 90 th point (F90, S90) and the slope K2 of the line segment between the 110 th point and the 130 th point of the ground indicator diagram when K1 is more than 8 and K2 is more than 8.
Preferably, in the step S5, the indicator diagram area change verification method makes r=a MO /A MO_BZ Wherein: a is that M0 ＝(F_MAX-F_MIN)*S；AMO_BZ＝(F_ZC_MAX-F_ZC_MIN)*S_ZC；
When R is more than or equal to 1.2, diagnosing the working condition of wax precipitation, and collecting a ground indicator diagram which is 'fat' compared with a historical ground indicator diagram in real time; if R is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.4, a slight wax precipitation working condition is diagnosed; if R is more than or equal to 1.4, diagnosing a severe wax deposition working condition; when R is less than or equal to 0.8, diagnosing working conditions of fixed valve failure, traveling valve failure, sucker rod disconnection, double-valve leakage or oil pipe leakage by using a work diagram load change analysis method; when R is less than or equal to 0.7 and ABS (F_MAX-F_ZC_MAX)/F_ZC_MAX is less than or equal to 15%, diagnosing the failure condition of the fixed valve, and the maximum load is not changed greatly and the minimum load is changed greatly; when R is less than or equal to 0.7 and ABS (F_MIN-F_ZC_MIN)/F_ZC_MIN is less than or equal to 15%, diagnosing that the traveling valve is out of order, the minimum load is not changed greatly, and the maximum load is changed greatly; when R is less than or equal to 0.7 and F_MAX-F_MIN is less than or equal to M, diagnosing that the sucker rod is disconnected; other conditions, diagnosing double-valve leakage or oil pipe leakage working conditions;
when R is 0.8< 1.2, the working conditions of barrel detachment, floating valve leakage, fixed valve leakage, slight liquid supply shortage, serious liquid supply shortage, slight gas influence, serious gas influence, normal work and the like are diagnosed by using a vector characteristic method;
when X1, X3, X4, X6 are all established, and X6 <2/3, a slight gas effect is diagnosed;
when X1, X3, X4, X6 are all established, and X6 is not less than 2/3, diagnosing serious gas influence;
when X1, X3, X6, (X4=false) are all established, and X6 <2/3, a slight insufficient liquid supply is diagnosed;
when X1, X3, X6 and (X4=false) are all established, and X6 is more than or equal to 2/3, diagnosing that the liquid is seriously insufficient;
when X1, X2 and X5 are all established, diagnosing the cylinder-removing working condition;
when X1, X7 and X10 are all established, diagnosing the leakage condition of the fixed valve;
when X1, X8 and X9 are all established, diagnosing the lost-motion valve;
applying a work diagram knotting verification method to a ground work diagram of the working conditions of slight gas influence, serious gas influence, slight liquid supply shortage and serious liquid supply shortage to further judge the upper collision working condition and the lower collision working condition;
if the upper right corner of the ground indicator diagram is knotted, diagnosing the upper collision working condition;
if knotting is performed at the left lower corner of the ground indicator diagram, the lower collision working condition is diagnosed.
Preferably, in the step S6, according to the ground fault diagnosis method, when Ua, ub, uc, ia, ib, ic has any abnormal data, the current phase failure or phase failure state of the pumping unit can be diagnosed;
according to the balance degree data of the pumping unit, the balance state of the pumping unit well can be evaluated, and the specific method is as follows:
pump well balance T = upper run average active power/lower run average active power;
if T is less than 0.6, the pumping unit is in a serious underbalanced state;
if T is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 0.8, the pumping unit is in an underbalanced state;
if T is 0.8< 1.2, the pumping unit is in a balanced state;
if T is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.4, the pumping unit is in an overbalanced state;
if T is more than 1.4, the pumping unit is in a serious overbalanced state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention is realized based on the ground work diagram completely, the algorithm consumes less calculation power, can be embedded into the wellhead RTU of the pumping unit well, realizes on-site diagnosis and analysis, and avoids the phenomenon that the lying well cannot be found in time caused by the data transmission problem.
And secondly, the thought of multi-algorithm fusion adopted by the invention focuses on the comparison and analysis of historical work patterns when the oil pumping well is in normal production, and compared with the traditional vector feature analysis method based on the real-time Shan Zhangbeng work patterns, the working condition diagnosis accuracy is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a well bore condition diagnostic logic framework of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a ground condition diagnostic logic framework in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a historical ground indicator diagram of the present invention at normal production;
FIG. 4 is a real-time acquisition ground indicator diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a real-time collection of ground indicator diagram vector feature map of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a card pump of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the wax deposition work of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a stationary valve failure of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a traveling valve failure of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a sucker rod break-out of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a lost or double valve failure of the tubing of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a slight gas influencing indicator diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a diagram of the severe gas impact of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a slight starved diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a diagram of a severe hypo-liquid supply of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a drawing of a doffing work of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a diagram of a fixed valve leak in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a diagram of lost work for the traveling valve of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a bottom view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
Common working conditions of the oil pumping well comprise two types of well bore faults and ground faults, wherein the well bore faults comprise pump clamping, disconnection, oil pipe leakage, double-valve leakage, traveling valve failure, fixed valve failure, cylinder removal, intermittent liquid discharging, slight wax precipitation, serious wax precipitation, upper collision, lower collision, slight liquid supply shortage, serious liquid supply shortage, slight gas influence, serious gas influence, normal work and the like; ground faults include open phase, over-balanced, under-balanced, severely over-balanced, severely under-balanced, etc.
The oil pumping well working condition diagnosis method based on edge calculation comprises the following operation steps:
s1: ground indicator diagram of normal production history
The pumping unit wellhead RTU needs to be provided with higher configuration, comprising a larger RAM and ROM, and can store a historical work diagram of nearly 2 months; therefore, a historical ground indicator diagram during normal production is selected as a main basis for diagnosis, and the current underground working condition of the oil well is judged by comparing the historical ground indicator diagram with the main basis; see in detail FIG. 3
S2: collecting key vector characteristics of a ground indicator diagram; see in detail FIG. 5
Eight feature points: leftmost point P of pump indicator diagram L Rightmost point P R Uppermost point P U Lowest point P D Fixed valve opening point P SO Fixed valve closing point P SC Point of opening P of traveling valve TO Point of closure P of travelling valve TC ；
Two feature lines: an upper load line f_max and a lower load line f_min;
five characteristic areas: pump indicator diagram upper left corner area A LU Area A of lower left corner LD Area A of upper right corner RU Area A of lower right corner RD Internal area A M ；
The key vector features constructed:
A M -the area enclosed by the ground indicator diagram;
Δf—the difference between the upper and lower load lines of the ground indicator diagram;
A M0 -S Δf, the area of the parallelogram of the theoretical ground indicator diagram;
A RU0 ----S SC *ΔF；
A RD0 ----S TO *ΔF；
A LD0 ----S TC *ΔF；
K MAX -the maximum value of the slope of the curve from the right end point of the ground indicator diagram to the opening point of the traveling valve;
from this the following 9 sets of features can be derived:
R[1]＝A M /A M0 ；
R[2]＝A RU /A RU0 ；
R[3]＝A RD /A RD0 ；
R[4]＝K MAX ；
R[5]＝S SC /S；
R[6]＝S TO /S；
R[7]＝(S TC +S TO )/S；
R[8]＝(S SC +S SO )/S；
R[9]＝A LD /A LD0 ；
clustering learning is carried out on gas influence, insufficient liquid supply, barrel disengagement, traveling valve leakage and fixed valve leakage diagram to obtain 10 groups of vector characteristic values:
X[1]＝(R[1]>0.15)；
X[2]＝(R[2]>0.5)；
X[3]＝(R[3]>0.3)；
X[4]＝(R[4]>0.65)；
X[5]＝(R[5]>0.21)；
X[6]＝(R[6]>0.25)；
X[7]＝(R[7]>0.6)；
X[8]＝(R[8]>0.6)；
X[9]＝(0.5≥R[2]>0.3)；
X[10]＝(R[9]>0.3)；
s3: screening the error diagram; the main criteria of the error diagram are as follows:
(1) collecting the flushing times beyond the range, wherein the flushing times n are between 0.5min-1 and 20 min-1;
(2) the number of the collected work diagrams is insufficient, and the number of the collected work diagrams is less than 100 points;
(3) the displacement and load data quantity of the collected work diagrams are different, and the displacement data quantity and the load data quantity are unequal;
(4) the area of the collection work diagram is zero or a negative value, and the area of the collection work diagram is < =0;
(5) collecting maximum and minimum load criteria of a work diagram, wherein the maximum load is less than 0KN or the minimum load is less than 0KN or (maximum load-minimum load) <1KN or the maximum load is more than 150KN;
(6) the acquisition stroke is over-range, and the stroke of the pumping unit is between 0.5m and 15 m;
(7) collecting load fluctuation exceeding range corresponding to two adjacent points of the work diagram, wherein the load fluctuation exceeding range is within 30 KN;
(8) the continuous 10 point position data of the collected work diagram is zero
(9) The displacement is reversed by more than 10 points, the upward stroke displacement should be gradually increased, and the downward stroke displacement should be gradually reduced;
the collected work diagrams are crossed, and are not in upper collision and lower collision;
s4: slope verification; diagnosing the working condition of the card pump:
when the pumping unit is stuck to the pump, the indicator diagram shows a tilting phenomenon, so that the 70 th point (F) of the ground indicator diagram can be solved 60 ，S 60 ) And point 90 (F) 90 ，S 90 ) Slope K of line segment of (2) 1 Line segment slope K of 110 th and 130 th points 2 ；
When K is 1 >8 and K 2 >8, illustrating the working condition of the pump clamping at the moment; see in detail FIG. 6
S5: a method for verifying the area change of the work diagram;
(1) let r=a MO /A MO_BZ
Wherein: a is that M0 ＝(F_MAX-F_MIN)*S；AMO_BZ＝(F_ZC_MAX-F_ZC_MIN)*S_ZC；
(2) When R is more than or equal to 1.2, the working condition of wax deposition is diagnosed (the real-time collection of ground indicator diagram is more fat than the historical ground indicator diagram, as shown in FIG. 7)
If R is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.4, a slight wax precipitation working condition is diagnosed;
if R is more than or equal to 1.4, diagnosing a severe wax deposition working condition;
(3) when R is less than or equal to 0.8, diagnosing working conditions of fixed valve failure, traveling valve failure, sucker rod disconnection, double-valve leakage or oil pipe leakage by using a work diagram load change analysis method;
if R is less than or equal to 0.7 and ABS (F_MAX-F_ZC_MAX)/F_ZC_MAX is less than or equal to 15%, diagnosing the failure condition of the fixed valve (the maximum load is not changed greatly, and the minimum load is changed greatly, as shown in FIG. 8);
if R is less than or equal to 0.7 and ABS (F_MIN-F_ZC_MIN)/F_ZC_MIN is less than or equal to 15%, failure of the traveling valve is diagnosed (the minimum load is not changed greatly, and the maximum load is changed greatly, as shown in FIG. 9)
If R is less than or equal to 0.7 and F_MAX-F_MIN is less than or equal to M (the weight of the sucker rod), diagnosing that the sucker rod is broken and disconnected (as shown in FIG. 10);
other conditions, dual valve or tubing leak conditions were diagnosed (as shown in FIG. 11);
(4) when R is 0.8< 1.2, the working conditions of barrel detachment, floating valve leakage, fixed valve leakage, slight liquid supply shortage, serious liquid supply shortage, slight gas influence, serious gas influence, normal work and the like are diagnosed by using a vector characteristic method;
when X1, X3, X4, X6 are all established, and X6 <2/3, a slight gas effect is diagnosed as shown in FIG. 12;
when X1, X3, X4, X6 are all established, and X6 is not less than 2/3, a serious gas effect is diagnosed as shown in FIG. 13;
when X1, X3, X6, (X4=false) are all established, and X6 <2/3, a slight insufficient supply is diagnosed, as shown in FIG. 14;
when X1, X3, X6, (X4=false) are all established, and X6 is not less than 2/3, diagnosing serious liquid supply shortage as shown in figure 15;
when X1, X2, X5 are all established, diagnosing the cylinder-removing working condition as shown in figure 16;
when X1, X7, X10 are all established, diagnosing the leakage condition of the fixed valve, as shown in FIG. 17;
when X1, X8, X9 are all established, diagnosing the lost motion condition of the traveling valve, as shown in FIG. 18;
applying a work diagram knotting verification method to a ground work diagram of the working conditions of slight gas influence, serious gas influence, slight liquid supply shortage and serious liquid supply shortage to further judge the upper collision working condition and the lower collision working condition;
if knotting is performed at the right upper corner of the ground indicator diagram, diagnosing the upper collision working condition as shown in fig. 19;
if knotting is performed at the left lower corner of the ground indicator diagram, diagnosing a collision condition, as shown in fig. 20;
s6: ground fault diagnosis method as shown in fig. 2
According to the three-phase electric parameter data, when Ua, ub, uc, ia, ib, ic has any data abnormality, the current phase failure or phase failure state of the pumping unit can be diagnosed;
according to the balance degree data of the pumping unit, the balance state of the pumping unit well can be evaluated, and the specific method is as follows:
pump well balance T = upper run average active power/lower run average active power;
if T is less than 0.6, the pumping unit is in a serious underbalanced state;
if T is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 0.8, the pumping unit is in an underbalanced state;
if T is 0.8< 1.2, the pumping unit is in a balanced state;
if T is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.4, the pumping unit is in an overbalanced state;
if T is more than 1.4, the pumping unit is in a serious overbalanced state.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A method for diagnosing the working condition of an oil pumping well based on edge calculation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following operation steps:
s1: establishing a normal production history ground indicator diagram;
s2: collecting key vector characteristics of a ground indicator diagram;
s3: screening the error diagram;
s4: slope verification;
s5: a method for verifying the area change of the work diagram;
s6: a ground fault diagnosis method.
2. The method for diagnosing the working condition of the pumping unit based on the edge calculation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the step S1, the wellhead RTU of the pumping unit needs to be provided with higher configuration, comprises a larger RAM and a ROM, can store a historical indicator diagram of nearly 2 months, selects a historical ground indicator diagram during normal production as a main basis for diagnosis, and judges the current underground working condition of the oil well by comparing the current ground indicator diagram with the historical ground indicator diagram.
3. The method for diagnosing the working condition of the pumping unit based on the edge calculation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the step S2, the vector features include eight feature points, two feature lines, and five feature areas, where the eight feature points include: leftmost point P of pump indicator diagram L Rightmost point P R Uppermost point P U Lowest point P D Fixed valve opening point P SO Fixed valve closing point P SC Point of opening P of traveling valve TO Point of closure P of travelling valve TC The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The two feature lines include: an upper load line f_max and a lower load line f_min; the five feature areas include: pump indicator diagram upper left corner area A LU Area A of lower left corner LD Area A of upper right corner RU Area A of lower right corner RD Internal surfaceProduct A M The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The key vector features constructed include:
A M -the area enclosed by the ground indicator diagram;
Δf—the difference between the upper and lower load lines of the ground indicator diagram;
A M0 -S Δf, the area of the parallelogram of the theoretical ground indicator diagram;
A RU0 ----S SC *ΔF；
A RD0 ----S TO *ΔF；
A LD0 ----S TC *ΔF；
K MAX -the maximum value of the slope of the curve from the right end point of the ground indicator diagram to the opening point of the traveling valve;
from this the following 9 sets of features can be derived:
R[1]=A M /A M0 ；
R[2]=A RU /A RU0 ；
R[3]=A RD /A RD0 ；
R[4]=K MAX ；
R[5]=S SC /S；
R[6]=S TO /S；
R[7]=(S TC +S TO )/S；
R[8]=(S SC +S SO )/S；
R[9]=A LD /A LD0 ；
clustering learning is carried out on gas influence, insufficient liquid supply, barrel disengagement, traveling valve leakage and fixed valve leakage diagram to obtain 10 groups of vector characteristic values:
X[1]=(R[1]>0.15)；
X[2]=(R[2]>0.5)；
X[3]=(R[3]>0.3)；
X[4]=(R[4]>0.65)；
X[5]=(R[5]>0.21)；
X[6]=（R[6]>0.25）；
X[7]=(R[7]>0.6)；
X[8]=（R[8]>0.6）；
X[9]=(0.5≥R[2]>0.3)；
X[10]=（R[9]>0.3）。
4. the method for diagnosing the working condition of the pumping unit based on the edge calculation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the main criteria of the error diagram in the step S3 are as follows:
a1: collecting the flushing times beyond the range, wherein the flushing times n are between 0.5min-1 and 20 min-1;
a2: the number of the collected work diagrams is insufficient, and the number of the collected work diagrams is less than 100 points;
a3: the displacement and load data quantity of the collected work diagrams are different, and the displacement data quantity and the load data quantity are unequal;
a4: the area of the collection work diagram is zero or a negative value, and the area of the collection work diagram is < =0;
a5: collecting maximum and minimum load criteria of a work diagram, wherein the maximum load is less than 0KN, the minimum load is less than 0KN, (maximum load-minimum load) <1KN, and the maximum load is more than 150KN;
a6: the acquisition stroke is over-range, and the stroke of the pumping unit is between 0.5m and 15 m;
a7: collecting load fluctuation exceeding range corresponding to two adjacent points of the work diagram, wherein the load fluctuation exceeding range is within 30 KN;
a8: the continuous 10 point position data of the collected work diagram is zero
A9: the displacement is reversed by more than 10 points, the upward stroke displacement should be gradually increased, and the downward stroke displacement should be gradually reduced;
a10: the collected diagrams are crossed, and are not upper collision and lower collision.
5. The method for diagnosing the working condition of the pumping unit based on the edge calculation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the step S4, the working condition of the card pump is diagnosed through a slope verification method:
when the pumping unit is clamped and pumped, the indicator diagram shows an inclination phenomenon, so that the working condition of the clamped and pumped is illustrated by solving the slope K1 of the line segment between the 70 th point (F60, S60) and the 90 th point (F90, S90) and the slope K2 of the line segment between the 110 th point and the 130 th point of the ground indicator diagram when K1 is more than 8 and K2 is more than 8.
6. The method for diagnosing the working condition of the pumping unit based on the edge calculation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the step S5, the work diagram area change verification method makes r=a MO /A MO_BZ Wherein: a is that M0 =(F_MAX-F_MIN)*S；AMO_BZ=(F_ZC_MAX-F_ZC_MIN)*S_ZC；
When R is more than or equal to 1.2, diagnosing the working condition of wax precipitation, and collecting a ground indicator diagram which is 'fat' compared with a historical ground indicator diagram in real time; if R is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.4, a slight wax precipitation working condition is diagnosed; if R is more than or equal to 1.4, diagnosing a severe wax deposition working condition; when R is less than or equal to 0.8, diagnosing working conditions of fixed valve failure, traveling valve failure, sucker rod disconnection, double-valve leakage or oil pipe leakage by using a work diagram load change analysis method; when R is less than or equal to 0.7 and ABS (F_MAX-F_ZC_MAX)/F_ZC_MAX is less than or equal to 15%, diagnosing the failure condition of the fixed valve, and the maximum load is not changed greatly and the minimum load is changed greatly; when R is less than or equal to 0.7 and ABS (F_MIN-F_ZC_MIN)/F_ZC_MIN is less than or equal to 15%, diagnosing that the traveling valve is out of order, the minimum load is not changed greatly, and the maximum load is changed greatly; when R is less than or equal to 0.7 and F_MAX-F_MIN is less than or equal to M, diagnosing that the sucker rod is disconnected; other conditions, diagnosing double-valve leakage or oil pipe leakage working conditions;
when R is 0.8< 1.2, the working conditions of barrel detachment, floating valve leakage, fixed valve leakage, slight liquid supply shortage, serious liquid supply shortage, slight gas influence, serious gas influence, normal work and the like are diagnosed by using a vector characteristic method;
when X1, X3, X4, X6 are all established, and X6 <2/3, a slight gas effect is diagnosed;
when X1, X3, X4, X6 are all established, and X6 is not less than 2/3, diagnosing serious gas influence;
when X1, X3, X6, (X4=false) are all established, and X6 <2/3, a slight insufficient liquid supply is diagnosed;
when X1, X3, X6 and (X4=false) are all established, and X6 is more than or equal to 2/3, diagnosing that the liquid is seriously insufficient;
when X1, X2 and X5 are all established, diagnosing the cylinder-removing working condition;
when X1, X7 and X10 are all established, diagnosing the leakage condition of the fixed valve;
when X1, X8 and X9 are all established, diagnosing the lost-motion valve;
applying a work diagram knotting verification method to a ground work diagram of the working conditions of slight gas influence, serious gas influence, slight liquid supply shortage and serious liquid supply shortage to further judge the upper collision working condition and the lower collision working condition;
if the upper right corner of the ground indicator diagram is knotted, diagnosing the upper collision working condition;
if knotting is performed at the left lower corner of the ground indicator diagram, the lower collision working condition is diagnosed.
7. The method for diagnosing the working condition of the pumping unit based on the edge calculation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the step S6, according to the ground fault diagnosis method, when Ua, ub, uc, ia, ib, ic has any abnormal data, the phase failure or the phase failure state of the current pumping unit can be diagnosed;
according to the balance degree data of the pumping unit, the balance state of the pumping unit well can be evaluated, and the specific method is as follows:
pump well balance T = upper run average active power/lower run average active power;
if T is less than 0.6, the pumping unit is in a serious underbalanced state;
if T is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than or equal to 0.8, the pumping unit is in an underbalanced state;
if T is 0.8< 1.2, the pumping unit is in a balanced state;
if T is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.4, the pumping unit is in an overbalanced state;
if T is more than 1.4, the pumping unit is in a serious overbalanced state.
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